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Introduction toUAV Systems

Geography 38:477Advanced Geomatics

Fall 2019-20

Outline

• Part 1: Introduction• What is a UAV?

• Advantages of UAV Remote Sensing• Applications

• Platforms• Sensors

• Part 2: Transport Canada Regulations• Current Regulations, How to Comply• Types of Operations, Exceptions & SFOCS

• Part 3: Getting Ready to Fly• Flight Planning• Flight Control

• Modes of Operation• Intelligent Orientation• Failsafes, Fences, and NDZs

• Camera Control• Part 4: Image Processing Demos

• Georeferencing & Image Classification Demo• Terrain Modeling and OrthorectificationDemo

Part 1: Introduction to UAVs

• What is a UAV?• Advantages of UAV Remote Sensing• Applications• Common Platforms• Sensors

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What is a UAV?

• Unmanned Air Vehicle• remotely controlled• autonomous flight

• Drone = aUAV

Components of a UAV

• Body/Airframe• common styles and materials

• Power Supply• typically Li-Po

• ESCs/Servos/Pitot Tube• control motor speed, control surfaces

• IMU & GPS• determines location, monitors orientation in space

• Flight Controller/Autopilot• with IMU and GPS enable assisted/autonomous flight

Multirotor vs. Fixed Wing

Common Platforms

Hover-ability vs. Coverage

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Advantages

• Cost• startup <$2k• negligible per flight

• Spatial resolution• centimetres as opposed to metres

• Temporal resolution• hours as opposed to days/weeks• “on demand” image acquisition

Disadvantages

• Availability of sensors• limited spectral resolution• limited radiometric resolution

• Image processing• large number photos• stitch/mosaic• georeference/orthomosaic• terrain modeling• image classification

• Flying• RC skills• TC regulations

Applications?

• Agriculture• Construction• Mining• Surveying• Forestry• Conservation• Policing• Firefighting• Search and Rescue• Infrastructure Inspections• Cinematography• Research/Science

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Scientific Applications

Imag

e

Clas

sifica

tion

Scientific Applications

Terra

in

Mod

ellin

g

Scientific Applications

Site

Map

ping

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14

Takeoff Weight = 2.7 KgPayload = 1 Kg

MicroPilot CropCam

20,000

40<50

Takeoff Weight = 1.2 Kg.Payload = 1.5 Kg

22

Takeoff Weight = 6-11 Kg.Payload = 4.2 Kg

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Optional Sensors - MSS$3500 USD

Optional Sensors - MSS

$5900 USD

Optional Sensors - MSS

≈$2200-$6000 USD

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Optional Sensors

$5000 USD

Optional Sensors - TIR

$12000 USD