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Қазақстан Республикасының Білім және ғылым министрлігі С. Торайғыров атындағы Павлодар мемлекеттік университеті Филология, журналистика мен өнер факультеті Аударма теорияcы мен практикасы кафедрасы TYPES OF BUSINESS ACTIVITY AND COMPANY PRESENTATION Аударма іс мамандықтарының студенттеріне арналған оқу-әдістемелік құралы
Transcript
Page 1: Introduction - Электронная библиотека ПГУ им.С ... · Web viewWhy is the demerger of the US healthcare group 'Baxter International' a classic of the genre?

Қазақстан Республикасының Білім және ғылым министрлігі

С. Торайғыров атындағы Павлодар мемлекеттік университеті

Филология, журналистика мен өнер факультеті

Аударма теорияcы мен практикасы кафедрасы

TYPES OF BUSINESS ACTIVITY AND COMPANY PRESENTATION

Аударма іс мамандықтарының студенттеріне арналған

оқу-әдістемелік құралы

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ПавлодарКереку2010

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ӘОЖ 81’255.4(075)КБК 81.2Англ-9я7 Т43

Баспаға С. Торайғыров атындағы ПМУ филология, журналиситка мен өнер факультетінің

оқу-әдістемелік кеңесімен ұсынылды

Пікір берушілер:Кенжетаева Г.К. – филология ғылымдарының

кандидаты.

Құрастырушылар: Ю.М. Горячих, Ө.Е.Атеева

Т43 Types of business activity and company presentation:аударма іс мамандықтарының

студенттеріне арналған оқу-әдістемелік құралы / құраст. Ю.М. Горячих, Ө.Е. Атеева. – Павлодар : Кереку, 2010. – 70 б.

Оқу-әдістемелік құрал аударма іс мамандықтарының студенттеріне арналған.

ӘОЖ 81’255.4 (075)КБК 81.2 Англ-9я7

© Горячих Ю.М., Атеева Ө., 2010

© С. Торайғыров атындағы ПМУ, 2010

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Материалдық дурыс болуына, грамматикалық және орфографиялық қателерге авторлар мен құрастырушылар жауапты

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Introduction

One of the subjects offered as an elective course for “Bachelors of Translation and Interpretation” is Business English. Analyzing the sphere of possible activity of our graduates we may underline that our graduate should have a widely developed personality with a vast background of knowledge in different spheres of a human activity. Business sphere is one that the professional often encounter with. So the purpose of this manual is to introduce basic notions used in business and train lexical minimum necessary for business communication on the topic Types of business and Company Рresentation.

This manual presents information about types and spheres of a busi-ness activity, the way of enlarging business and making company presenta-tion.

It consists of 3 parts (1 Forms of business activity; 2 Takeovers and merges; 3 Company presentations) and 2 enclosures.Only for use of students of Pavlodar State University named after S. Toraigyrov

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1 Forms of Business Activity

Task 1.1 Read the text paying special attention to new words and set phrases and say if these statements are true or false:

1) Sole proprietor is liable with all his property by the obligation.2) Private limited companies are not allowed to announce public

subscription for their shares.3) The equity capital of the private limited company is formed by

way of receiving government subsidies.4) Winding up is a process of establishing a new company.

Text Sole Proprietorship (ағыл) Individual Proprietorship (амер.)

Жеке (меншік) кәсіпкерлік

Sole proprietors are individuals carrying out economic operations in various spheres of business activities (industrial, trade, transport, banking etc.) and concluding commercial deals on their own behalf.

The legal form is not to be indicated in the name of the firm. The hired staffs are not referred to as proprietors.

The proprietors must be registered in the trade register, obtain a li-cence to carry out business activities and keep the books reflecting the res-ults of the latter. The contents of the books are a commercial secret not ac-cessible to a third party. In case of a lawsuit the books can be open for the court and the parties concerned provided the proprietor acts either as a plaintiff or a defendant. Also, the books can be made public in case of either insolvency or inheritance.

Sole proprietors are not subject to public report therefore it is not possible to get true information of their activities.

The sole proprietor is not a legal person and is fully liable with his property by the obligations of his firm. Millions of sole proprietors in the world carry out business activities mainly in the sphere of various services and retail trade.

Unlimited Partnership (ағыл.) General Partnership (амер.)Серіктестік

The main feature of unlimited partnerships is equal and collective responsibility for the property for all members of the partnership. In other words, creditors can be paid either at the expense of the partnership's prop-erty or private property of the members. Besides, the agreement can not provide for the exception of property liability of any of the members before

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a third party. The property of the unlimited partnership is a joint property of its

members. The profit obtained is distributed proportionately to the share of participation in the property of the partnership. Concession of the share of participation can be made only with the consent of the members. The num-ber of the members of the partnership is not limited.

The unlimited partnership can be disbanded either in case of insolv-ency or resignation of one of its members or by resolution of all parti-cipants. Unlimited partnerships are not subject to public report.

Limited PartnershipЖауапкершілігі шектеулі серіктестігі

The limited partnership is a contractual union of entrepreneurs parti-cipating only by way of contributions without taking direct part in the man-agement (investors); and those who, apart from contributing, carry out dir-ect management of the partnership and are fully liable by the partnership's obligations with their own property (full members).

It takes at least one full member and one investor to form a limited partnership. The limited partnership is to be registered just like any unlim-ited partnership.

The name of the partnership includes the names of one or two full members; the including of the name of the investor into the firm's name makes the investor equally and jointly liable by the partnership's obliga-tions.

Master Limited PartnershipАкционерлік-Командиттік серіктестігі

Master limited partnerships carry out business activities on the basis of a Charter and are to be registered. One or more full members and share-holders as investors make a partnership. Shares can either be sold to or dis-tributed among the investors or quoted on the stock exchange. Full mem-bers ran the partnership and are liable by the partnership's obligations.

The shareholders run the risk of devaluation of their shares. A legal person can act as a full member. Thus a master limited partnership bears characteristics both of a limited partnership and a public limited company. The advantage of a master limited partnership is in 'getting additional in-come through an issue of securities and their subsequent sale on the securit-ies' market.

Dividends are tax exempt, so the investors are mainly attracted by a

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tax regime of master limited partnerships which pay only income tax.

Private Limited Company (ағылшын) Close Corporation (американ.)(Жауапкершілігі шектеулі акционерлік компаниясы)

Жабық акционерлік компаниясы/Жабық тұрпатты жауапкершілігі шектеулі қоғам (ТМД)/

A private limited company has the word 'Limited' or the abbreviation 'Ltd' in its name. A private limited company should be registered under the Companies Act and act in compliance with its Charter. The company is a legal person fully liable by the company's obligations. The equity capital of the company is formed at the expense of deposits; the shareholders get a certificate of deposit which is not considered to be a security and as a rule can not be assigned to third persons without the consent of other sharehold-ers of the company, that provides for the close character of the company. There are private limited companies with a single shareholder.

There is one more circumstance that limits the financial rights and hence production opportunities of the private limited companies: they are not allowed to issue debentures and announce public subscription for their shares.

Private limited companies keep statutory books which are not subject to public report. The number of members of the company is not large, usu-ally consisting of close relatives or people knowing each other well, who united for business.

Public Limited Company (ағылшын) Corporation (американ.)Ашық акционерлік компаниясы/корпорациясы

/Ашық тұрпатты акционерлік қоғамы (ТМД)

Public limited company is the main legal form of large firms. A pu-bic limited company is a union of investors called shareholders. It carries out business activities on the basis of the Articles of Association and is to be registered under the Companies Act. Any legal person or an individual can be a founder of the company. The shareholders are not liable by the company's obligations.

The public limited company is the most stable kind of unification of capitals as the resignation of any of its investors does not involve the li-quidation of the company. The investor has a right to sell his shares without consent of other shareholders.

The initial share capital is formed by way of selling shares. During

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that period the initial share capital is the only source of financing of its activities. The means obtained from the sale of shares are used for the pur-chase of plots of land, industrial premises and offices, equipment, basic commodities (raw materials) to launch manufacturing activities. Therefore the company receives an income and also can be financed by way of issu-ing debentures and securing bank loans.

Thus a number of advantages make a pubic limited company the most effective means of concentration and centralization of capital goods and capital. The shareholders can return their capital only by way of selling shares at the price currently quoted on the stock exchange.

The shareholders have property and personal rights. Property rights are realised in case of liquidation of a company and in case of getting di-vidends. Personal rights mean the right to vote; normally a share gives a right for one vote. The decisions are to be taken by a large majority, hence the person or a legal person holding the majority interest is the one who makes resolutions. Public limited companies' names must have the abbrevi-ation 'plc' in their name.

Task 1.2 Working in groups of three with one monitor answer the following questions:

1 What is a sole proprietorship?2 Are people hired to work in the sole proprietorships considered

to be proprietors?3 In what cases can the books of the sole proprietorships be made

public?4 Why is it not possible to get true information of the activities of

the sole proprietorships?5 What is the main feature of an unlimited partnership?6 In what way is the profit obtained distributed in the unlimited

partnership?7 In what case can the unlimited partnership be disbanded?8 What is a limited partnership?9 Why do master limited partnerships bear the features both of the

limited partnership and a joint-stock company?10 What is the advantage of a master limited partnership?11 What is a private limited company?12 What kind of abbreviation must private limited companies have

in their names?13 How is the equity capital of the private limited companies

formed?14 What factor provides for the close character of the private lim-

ited companies?

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15 What is the public limited company?16 Are the shareholders liable by the company's obligations?17 Does the investor to the public limited company need to get a

special permit to sell his shares?18 What are the rights of the shareholders in a public limited com-

pany?19 How many votes one share is equal to?20 What kind of abbreviation must public limited companies have

in their names?21 What is the difference between the private limited company and

the public limited company?

Task 1.3 Give English equivalents to words and word-combinations. And check them with your partner

іскерлік белсенділіктің әр түрлі салалары. банк ісі. коммерциялық мәмілелер жасақталады. жалдау шарты бойынша жұмыс істейтін қызметкерлер. заң түрі. сауда тізілімінде теркелген болу. рұқсаттаманы сатып алу. сауда кітаптарды жүргізу. өз фирмасының міндеттемелірі бойынша. бөлшек сауда. қызмет көрсету саласында. толық серіктестіктің негізгі ерекшелігі. шектелмеген және ынтымақты мүліктік жауапкершілік. алынған пайда. жеке мүлік. пайда үйлесімді бөлінеді. серіктестік мүлігінде қатысу үлесі. серіктестікті таратып жіберуге болады төлеуге қабілетсіз болу жағдайда. толық серіктестер. өзінің бар мүлігімен оның міндеттемелері арқылы

шектелмей жауап беру. қор биржасында айналысы бар. акционерлер өз акциялардың құнсыздануы тәуекелдігіне

ұшырады. акциялар шығару (эмиссиясы) арқылы. құнды қағаз нарығында келесі сатылуымен.

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компанияның акционерлік капиталы. жарнашыларға енгізген салым үшін куәлік беріледі. компанияның таратуын душар қылу. капиталдардың біріктіруінің ең тұрақты түрі. акциялардың бақылау пакетінің иесі. дивидендерді алу.

Task 1.4 a) Cover the right side of the table to check if you know the words well.

sole жалғызtrade саудаpartner серіктес, жарнашы, үлескерpartnership серіктестікliability жауапкершілікlimited liability шектеулі жауапкершілікlimited liability company жауакершілігі шектеулі компаниясыbranch бөлімto own ие болуowner ие, иеленуші, қожаsolicitor адвокат, қорғаушы estate жылжымайтын мүлік estate agent жылжымайтын мүлікті сатып алу-сату

бойынша агенті auditor аудитор, тексеруші management басқару, менеджментstationery кеңсе бланкілер common жалпыjoint біріктірілген, біріккен,бірлескенstock акцияjoint-stock company акционерлік қоғамshare үлес, бөлік, акция shareholder Акциялардың иесі, акционерto divide бөлу, үлестіру, бөлісу, бөліну private жекеexchange биржаstock exchange қор биржасыto offer ұсынуto incorporate корпорация түрінде тіркеу under the law заң бойыншаcorporation корпорация alien шетелдік

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liable for debt қарызға жауаптыto share бөлу, қатысуprofit табыс, пайда profit to пайда алу investment инвестиция, капиталды енгізуto elect таңдауat will қалауынша, еркіншеauthoritiesstate authorities (Am.) state authorities (E)

билік, өкіметштаттың өкіметімемлекеттік билік

to state көрсетуtaxation салық салу

b) Split into groups. Listen to the text, make up questions and let your opponents answer.

Task 1.5 Listen to the tape about the development of Thomas Ma-honey’s business and answer the questions.

First listening

What did Thomas Mahoney start? What stages did his business pass? Did he reach everything by his own?

Second Listening

A 1) Being a student Tom accepted a full-time job with the store.

2) He thought about his own shop being at school.

3) After graduation Thomas started his own business

4) He dreamed to earn profit for himself being his own boss

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B 1) Tom inherited his first business from the man he had worked for .

2) He took a bank loan to buy out a share in a sporting goods department store.

3) He found out that a sole proprietorship required long hours and much decision making.

4) He employed his wife part-time.

C 1) To expand his business he invited his friends Alex and Lynda to become part owners of his business.

2) In their partnership agreement they defined their re-sponsibilities

3) They set up a partnership with equal investments of $30,000 in cash.

4) Profit and losses will be shared equally.

D 1) They became liable for all the debts of their business.

2) At the end of the year Tom’s salary came to $6,000

3) They decided not to talk over such matters as hiring peo-ple.

4) Buying new equipment was the only important matter to discuss with the partners.

E 1) They opened a branch store in a new shopping centre.

2) They enlarged the present store adding new sales and storage space and also lines of outdoor furniture and boats.

3) They decided to get another partner.

4) They wrote an application asking authorities for incorpo-ration.

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F 1) They were still owners of the partnership

2) They owned 9,000 shares of stock

3) They had enough votes to control the operation of the business.

4) All in all the corporation then amounted 30 shareholders

G 1) JoAnn McCline was elected as a managing director

2) The total profit including taxes was $11,200

3) There were seven people in the Board of Directors

4) The part of the profit that each stockholder received is called a share

Task 1.6 Choose the correct answer.

A partner is...1) Any person who signs any kind of legal document.

2) A person or group of people who take part in a legal agree -ment or dispute.

3) One of two or more people who run a business.

The investor of the public company has a right to sell the shares belonging to him

1) Only with the permission of the Chairman of the Board of Direc-tors.

2) Without the consent of other shareholders of the company.

3) Only to the shareholders of the same company with the resolution of the shareholders' meeting to follow.

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A sole / individual proprietor is...1) The managing director of the company.

2) An individual carrying out economic operations in different spheres of business activities and concluding commercial deals on his own behalf.

3) A hired person who is in charge of the operation of the company.

Task 1.7 Give your own definitions to these words

1) partner 2) business 3) company 4) liability5) trade 6) consent 7) advantage 8) disband

Task 1.8 Below there are ten words and word-combinations used in the text. On the right of them, there are ten alternative ways of saying the same thing; however, these are mixed up. Choose the words and word-com-binations on the right which have the same meaning as the ones on the left.

a) to consider 1) to go onb) consent 2) personnelc) to carry out 3) the ownerd) liquidation 4) the body of the directors e) to carry on 5) to receivef) the proprietor 6) to fulfillg) management 7) to regardh) a certificate of indebted-ness

8) agreement in opinion or sentiment

i) staff 9) debenturej) to obtain 10) winding up

Task 1.9 Study this information

Incorporation

All partnerships and companies are regulated by the law of the U.K. or by Acts of Parliament, and are to be registered with the Registrar of companies. In order to be registered they are to deliver a few documents, namely:

a certified copy of the company's charter;

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statute; memorandum and others.

When a company is registered a certificate of incorporation is issued by the Registrar. Here is one of the certificates:

Duplicate for the file No 989855.Certificate of Incorporation

I hereby certify that the Goldfields, Limited is this day incorporated under the Companies Acts, 1862 to 1994, and that the Company is Limited.

Given under my hand at London this tenth day of July one thousand nine hundred and ninety four.

Fees and Deed Stamps 15,200. 00Stamp Duty on Capital 13,510.00 Registrar of Joint Stock CompaniesCertificate received by Stephen Low 65 London Wall, E.G.,Date 13 the July, 1994

Task 1.10 Read the text and make a short summary in English

Жеке кәсіпкерлікЖеке кәсіпкер өз қызметінің орынын айқындайды және іске өз

капиталын енгізеді. Оған – жергілікті заңдарды білу және істі бастау үшін жеткілікті қаражаты болу керек. Бұл - кәсіпкерліктің ең оңай және ең арзаң түрі.

Артықшылықтары:- ең оңайы - бастау;- ең арзаңы - ұйымдастыру;- ең икемді құрылымы, себебі бар білік Сіздің қолыңызда.

Кемшіліктері:- заң алдындағы жауакершілігі және қарызға жеке жауапкершілігі

шектеусіз; - тұрақсыздық. Аурғаныңыз немесе өліміңіз Сіздің бизнесіңіз үшін

– қауіп-қатер; - жауапкершіліктің ауыртпалығы және ресурстардың шектеулігі;- өз жеке істеріңізді бизнеспен шатыстыру оңай.

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СеріктестікСіз, тағы бір немесе одан да көп адам өз жеке мүлікті біріктіріп,

серіктестікті құрастыруға келістіңіз. Сізге тек қана капиталды және дивидендтерді қатысушылардың арасында (Agreement of Capital and Dividends Share) бөлу туралы жазба түрінде келісімді және серіктестікті басқару жөнінде барлық ережелерді ескертілген жарғыны (Statute) құрастыру керек. Серіктестік үшін қызметінің шектеулі мерзімі және ең болмағанда бір серіктестің шектелмеген жауапкершілігі қарастырылған.

Артықшылықтары:- ұйымдастыру оңай;- серіктестер арасында жұмыс қуаты, идеялар, тәжиребе және

жауапкершілік бөлінеді;- капиталдың әлуетті қосымша көздері;- қатысушылар корпорация салығын төлемейді

(корпорацияның пайдаға салынатын салығын). Қатысушылар серіктестіктің қызметінен табыстарын табысқа салық салынатын өз жеке табыстарға енгізеді;

- негізгі серіктестердің әрқайсысына серіктестіктің атынан әрекет етуге болады.

Кемшіліктері:- негізгі серіктестердің шектелмеген жеке жауапкершілігі бар;- банкротқа ұшыраған жағдайда, ең үлкен жеке жарнасы бар

серіктестер артығырақ залал көреді;- серіктестіктің бас қатысушысы қаза болған жағдайда,

серіктестік бастапқы түрінде жабылып қалу мүмкін (бірақ, үнемі олай болмай, жаңа мүшелерді кіргізуге болады);

- жүріс-тұрыс стратегиясы және өкілеттіктің үлестірімі анық айқындалмауы да мүмкін;

- фирма істерінде әрбір серіктестің қатысу үлесін дұрыс айқындау қиын да болады;

- жаман серіктестен құтылу қиын. КорпорацияКорпорацияны құрастыру – бизнес ұйымдастырудың ең қиын

және қымбат жолы. Корпорациялар меншікті бөлу түрін анықтайтын акцияларды (stocks, shares) шығарады. Жабық корпорацияларда кейбіреулер адамдар ғана акцияларға ие болады және оларды өздері сатады, ал ашық корпорацияларда – брокерлер арқылы сатып алғысы келетін адамға акцияларды сатады. Ең алдымен акцияларға жазылысты

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өткізу керек және тіркеуге керек құжаттарды дайындау қажет. Содан кейін осы штатта корпорацияның құруына оның қызметінің құқықтары мен шектеулері көрсетілген өкіметтің рұқсатын алу керек. Корпорацияның меншігі әрбір меншіктенушінің қатынасында заңмен анық айқындалады, бұл әрбір акционер немесе акциялар иесінің (stockholder, shareholder) жарналарын белгілі жағдайда қорғайды. Корпорацияның меншіктенуші болып жиі оны басқаратын адам емес болады (корпорацияның меншіктенуші болып акционерлер болады, ал менеджерлер болмау да мүмкін).

Акциялардың бағасы фирманың жақсы жұмыс істеуіне және ол қоғамға ұнағанына байланысты өседі немесе төмендейді. Мысалы, фармацевтикалық компания жаңа таңқаларлық дәріні ойлап тапса, акцияларының бағасы таур дүкенге түспей тұрғанда көтеріледі. Егерде, фирманың қызметіне өкіметтің қадағалау ықыласы түскен болса, оның акцияларының бағасы, іс сотқа жеткенге дейін төмендеуі мүмкін. Компания туралы қоғамдық пікір оның бағаларына жұмысы сияқты әсерін тигізуі мүмкін.

Акциялардың иелерін спорт командасы иелерімен салыстыруға болады. Олар командасын көтермелейді, акцияларды сатып алғанда, команда жақсы ойнап, сыйлық ұтады деп үміттенеді (акциялардың бағасы өседі). Команда ұтыла бастаса, матчқа аз жанкүйерлер билеттер сатып алады. Адамдар фирма өсіп, пайда табады деп үміттенеп, акцияларды сатып алады. Фирманың өсуі баяулай бастаса, ал ақша жоғалта бастаса, адамдар матчқа бармайтын жанкүйерлер сияқты, өз акцияларын сата бастайды. Акциялардың иелері акционерлердің жиналыстарына қатысуға және негізгі сұрақтары бойынша, мысалы, директорлар кеңесінің мүшелерін, кейде президентті де ауыстыру сияқты шешімдерді қабылдау құқықтары бар.

Директорлар кеңесін команданың тренер құрамымен салыстыруға болады. Олар нақтылықта майданға шықпайды және ойындарға қатыспайды, бірақ команда жұмысы бойынша тағдырдың шешімін қабылдайды. Барлығы да жақсы жүріп жатқанына көзі жету үшін, кеңеске жылда бірнеше рет жиналады. Күнделік шешімдерді корпорация ішіндегі менеджерлер қабылдағанымен, диркторлар кеңесі жоғары буынның басшыларын өздері жалдап, жұмыстан шығара алады. Директорларды акционерлер сайлайды.

Корпорацияның қызметкерлері (жұмыскерлері) футбол командасының ойыншыларға ұқсас. Тренерлері мен басшылары емес, олар өздері ойынды жүргізеді. Тренер қаншалықты жақсы болса да, жанкүйерлер қаншалықты ынта көрсетсе де маңызды емес, ойынның

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нәтижесін тек ойыншылар нақ шешеді. Президентті немесе атқарушы директорды - chief executive

officer (CEO) – спорт командасының жауапкершілік тренермен салыстыруға болады. Ол фирманы басқарады және өз қызметкерлерді белгіленген мақсатқа жету үшін шабыттандырады. СЕО фирманың жұмысы үшін жалпы жауапкершілікті өз міндетіне алу және істер ойдағыдай емес жүрсе, директорлар кеңесі мен акционерлердің алдында жауап беру тиіс.

Артықшылықтары:- акция иелерінің жауапкершілігі мөлшері жеке жарнасының сомасымен шектеленеді;- инвестордың артық болған жағдайда капиталды тарту оңай;- орнын басушылық, себебі меншікке құқығы басқа қатысушыларға табыстау мүмкін;- меншік құқығын басқаға қайта табыстау процедурасының оңайлығы;- корпорация құрушы/серіктес егер қайтыс болғанда, - жоқ болып кетпейді;- жұмыс функцияларын әр түрлі корпорациялардың арасында үлестіруге мүмкіндігі бар;- құқықтары мен өкілеттіктерін табыстау;- көптеген кісілердің тәжиребесі мен білімдерін пайдалану мүмкіндігі.

Кемшіліктері:- серіктестікпен салыстырғанда, жай корпорациялар үшін зейнетақы қоры мен жалақы аударымына шектеу қолданылады;- олардың іс-әрекетіне бақылауды жасау қиын, акционерлерден пайда бөлігін жасыру сияқты алаяқтықпен жиі кездеседі;- акционерлердің құқықтары Жарғымен шектелген, азшылықтың мүдделеріне жиі қысым жасалады;- шамадан тыс реттеуге жатады;- құру мен тарату өте қиын;- басшылар әдетте акциялар бас иелері үшін «жұмыс істейді» және олардың мүдделерін сақтайды;- кәдуілгі корпорациялар қос салық салу субъектілері деп есептеледі, себебі корпорациялық салығы бар;- заңдық реттеу жеке кәсіпкерлігі мен серіктестікпен салыстырғанда қатаңдау;- меншіктенушіге жалған қауіпсіздік сезімін береді;- қызмет еркіндігі аз;

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- жүргізу мен «тарқатылу» қымбат және қиын.

Task 1.11 In pairs make up a dialogue on one of these topics:

A business adviser and a person who wants to start his business; Two friends are going to start their business and discuss all pluses

and minuses of all types; Your partner is going to enlarge your business incorporating it.

Try to persuade him that it is an unprofitable step.

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2 Takeovers and mergers

Task 2.1 Being a Company Number 1 on the market you want to get more profit but you have a competitor Company Number 2. What steps would you do to make your position stable?

Text

Takeovers and Mergers

There are several relationships that may grow up between business in Great Britain and the United States of America. They are as follows:

takeovers; mergers; amalgamation; integration; combination; absorption etc.

No agreement has been reached among financial experts as to the pre-cise difference in meaning between the terms. The most popular are takeovers and mergers. In a takeover one company buys a controlling in-terest in another company by acquiring at least 51% of its shares. The company does this by making a direct approach to the company's share-holders for their shares. The company intending to take over will not neces-sarily consult the company it is taking over.

The Stock Exchange Council in London has drawn up a code of practice to regulate takeovers to prevent some abuses. One such abuse is se-cret dealing when a company wishes to take over secretly and buys its shares secretly. Another abuse is insider dealing thanks to information used for personal profit.

With a merger, two or more companies involved will consult with each other previously. They try to make a certain agreement on their merger to the satisfaction of both companies.

Task 2.2 Study this chart. Can you give your own examples for every term?

Vertical integrationСатылас интеграция

A situation where two more organisations that deal with different stages h produc-tion process are combined and controlled by one company. Vertical integration re-duces costs and the threat of competition.

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Генри Форд өз компаниясын 1903 жылы сатылас бойынша құрды. Ол Бразилияда каучукты плантацияны, Канадада орманның телімін және Америкада рудникті сатып алды. Автомобильдерді өндіру бойынша зауыты Дирборнда орналасқан, оған ағаш, каучук және тау рудасы жеткізілді. 20 жылдан кейін сатылас өзіңді ақтамаған.

Horizontal integrationДеңгейлес интеграция

A situation where two or more organisa-tions that produce similar goods or carry out the same stage of the production pro-cess are combined and controlled by one company. The aim of horizontal integra-tion is to eliminate competition.Дженерал Моторс компаниясының құрушы Альфред Слоун деңгейлес интеграция идеясын қолданды. Ол дайын автомобиль компаниялары мен жиынтықтарды өндіру зауыттарын сатып алды. Слоунның деңгейлес сұлбасы қазіргі кезде де бар.

Group Топ

A holding company together with any subsidiary companies in which it owns more than half of the share capital.

Holding / Parent com-pany Төркіндес/Холдингілік компаниясы

The leading company of a group that holds all or more than half of the shares of the other companies.

Subsidiary / Daughter company Еншілес компания

A company of which at least half the share capital is owned by another com-pany called a parent or holding company.

Associate company Қауымдастырылған еншілес компания

A company of which more than 20%, but less than 51% of the share capital is held by another company.

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Affiliate company A company that is attached to a larger or-ganisation, i.e. completely or partly owned by another company.

BranchФилиал / Бөлімше

A local office, shop or group that is part of a larger organisation with a main office elsewhere.

Take-over Жұтылу

The buying of one company or most of the shares in it, by a person or another company.

Black knight Қара сері

A person or a company that tries to buy (take-over) another company that does not want to sell. A black knight makes an un-wanted take-over bid.

Grey knight Сұрқай сері

A person or a company that tries to buy (take-over) another company and does not reveal any plans for the company's future.

White knight Ақ сері

A person or an organisation that rescues a company from an unfavourable take-over bid. A white knight makes a better offer.

Target companyКомпания-нысана

A company that a person or another com-pany tries to buy by making a take-over bid.

Dawn raid«Таңғы рейд»

A surprise attempt to buy a large number of shares in a company in the first minutes of a day's business on the stock exchange, before dealers can react by raising prices. But now "the dawn raids" are restricted by the City Code on Take-overs and Mergers and a Monopolies and Mergers Commission.

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Task 2.3 Scan the texts and find the answers:a) What is the main idea of setting up a joint-venture that is to be

launched in Seoul?b) Will the car financing venture limit itself to financing Kia and

Ford car buyers only?c) What did the shareholders of TSB Group approve?d) Why is the demerger of the US healthcare group 'Baxter Interna-

tional' a classic of the genre?e) What is curious in that demerger?f)What does 'Banco de Napoli' intend to do with its branches?g) What did Cordis Company agree to?h) What are the terms of the agreement?i)Where from did the increase in sales arise?

Кia, South Korea's second largest vehicle maker, and Ford Motor Credit, a unit of Ford of the US, have established a joint venture car fi-nance company for Korean buyers. Kia Ford Credit Finance has an initial paid-in capital of Won 33.3bn ($44m) which will be increased yearly. The venture will be launched on January 1, 1996 in Seoul, with plans to ex-pand nationwide. The car financing venture will not limit itself to financ-ing Kia and Ford car buyers.

Shareholders of TSB Group approved the bank's merger with Lloyds Bank, and the change of name of their company to Lloyds TSB Group. The merger is expected to take effect from December 28, 1995. The shareholders also voted to allow TSB directors to make arrangements for Lloyds Bank share option holders to be given options over Lloyds TSB shares.

The demerger of the US healthcare group Baxter International is in several ways a classic of the genre. First, Baxter is splitting off the manufacturing and distribution activities.

Second, it is unpicking a decade-old merger with its larger rival American Hospital Supplies, which was largely designed to bring manu-facturing and distribution together. It might also seem curious that only two years ago, Baxter carefully considered demerging the business and decided against it. The impression remains that Baxter's demerger is very much in line with the prevailing fashion: take a vertically integrated busi-ness and pick it apart, with a view to possible horizontal merger with fresh partners.

Banco di Napoli, the troubled Italian bank, intends to sell or

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close chronically loss-making Italian branches, while unproductive for-eign branches will be disposed of or turned into representative offices.

Cordis, the US maker of cardiology equipment and other medi-cal devices, agreed to a takeover by Johnson and Johnson in a deal val-ued at about $1.8bn. Under the terms of the agreement, Cordis would keep its Miami, Florida headquarters and its name.

Sale of the first six months of 1995 rose to FF26.95 billion, showing an increase of 22.8 per cent. The growth can be attributed to a 20.6 per cent increase arising from changes in structure, in particular the consolidation of four new subsidiaries into the group.

Task 2.4 Give English equivalents to words and word-combina-tions. Make up your own sentences using them.

1 Бастапқы капитал2 Бірлескен кәсіпорынды құру.3 Банкілердің қосылуын мақұлдау4 Өндірістік қызметі мен үлестіруін бөлу5 Бизнестің дәстүрлі саласы6 Сатылас біріктірілген бизнестің типтік үлгісі.7 Жаңа серіктестермен деңгейлес қосылу8 Қиындықтарды көрген банк9 Созылмалы залалды филиалдар10 Банкілердің өкілдіктері 11 Джонсон энд Джонсон жұтып қоюды ниет еткен кезде12 1 милд доллар шамалап бағаланған мәмілесінде13 Шарт талаптарына сәйкес14 Сатудың көлемі ... дейін өсті15 Жаңа еншілес компаниялардың бір топқа бірігуі фурорды

туғызды.

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Task 2.5 Choose the correct answer: A joint-venture is...

a) A business or commercial activity in which there may be some risk for the parties concerned.

b) A business activity in which two or more people or organiza-tions work together.

c) A group of people chosen to represent others in organizing af-fairs thatconcern them all.A merger is...

a) The aim of selling to a particular group of people.

b) A company whose shares are not recorded on the main market of a stock exchange.

c) The combining of two or more organizations, usually to share costs, increase efficiency and avoid competitionA consolidation is...

a) A temporary association of two or more companies for a major project that is too complex for any of them to do alone.

b) The bringing together the financial resources and accounts of a holding company and its subsidiaries so that the strength of the whole group is revealed.

c) A number of companies, sometimes involved with different prod-ucts, joined together and run as one large company.

Task 2.6 Give every word combination collectively pertaining to each word listed below.

a) effect b) merger c) capital d) to agreee) to value f) takeover g) option h) consor-

tium

Task 2.7 Below there are ten words and word-combinations used in the text. On the right of them, there are ten alternative ways of saying the same thing; however, these are mixed up. Choose the words and word-com-binations on the right which have the same meaning as the ones on the left.

1 a subsidiary2 manufacturer

a) a mergerb) to supply with money

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3 growth4 consolidation5 a take-over 6 a combination of businesses7 to allow 8 loss-making9 a firm10 to finance

c) a companyd) to permite) producerf) unification g) the process of assuming man-

agementh) a daughter companyi) increasej) unproductive

Task 2.8 Insert the right word or word-combination choosing from those given.

a)partnerb) a joint-venturec)the companyd) limitede)Board of Directors

f) businessg) workh) decisionsi) the proprietorj) a letterk) private

l) strictm) sole proprietorshipn) corporationo) matterp) manufacturerq) General Manager

1) I have a meeting with my………., so I decided to postpone all my appointments.

2) I've got my own………, so my company is…….. ………3) My friend's father has got a factory. He is …………4) The Korean and Kazakhstani parties have agreed to establish

……… to produce TVs and VCRs.5) The director of the company is very………... He doesn't like it

when people are late for………... 6) A private limited company must have a word “……… “ in its

name. 7) Someone of the Town Hall came to see …… ………on an ur-

gent ……….8) My father is the President of the………..9) Members of the ………. make important decisions about the pol-

icy of ……… 10) The sales manager reports to the ……….

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Task 2.9 In the interview below a Chief Executive describes how he and his board decided whether to merge with a larger company in the same industry. Read the interview point out statements for and against it.

A merger of equals had a lot of appeal. If you combine the Number 1 and Number 2 players in an industry, by definition you're Number 1 in terms of size. And when you are growing that fast, you have a number of key management openings you have to fill. By combining two companies with good management teams, you automatically build up the strength of your management and you do it quickly. You can also widen your customer base and have more distribution channels.

In addition, the merger automatically makes your remaining compet-ition second level. As a result, your competition must rethink its strategy. In the end, you force a period of mergers and acquisitions on your competi-tion. They have no choice but to respond to the changes you initiated.

When we looked more closely, our concerns were raised. For ex-ample, percent of large-scale mergers fail. Mergers can fail on a number of levels. They can fail in terms of their benefit to the shareholders, custom-ers, employees and business partners. A decision has to be right with each of those groups, or we would not go forward with it.

If you merge two companies that are growing at percent rates, you stand a very good chance of stopping both of them. That's a fact. For a period of time, no matter how smoothly they operate, you lose momentum.

Our industry is not like the banking industry, where you are acquir-ing branch banks and customers. In our industry, you are acquiring people. And if you don't keep those people, you have made a terrible, terrible in-vestment. We pay between $500,000 and $2 million per person in an ac-quisition. So you can understand that if you don't keep the people, you've done a tremendous disservice to your shareholders. So we focus first on the people and how we incorporate them into our company, and then we focus on how to drive the business.

From Today leaders, Joel Kurtzman

Task 2.10 Complete this letter to shareholders. Use appropriate forms of these verbs.

rely on advise on spend on compete withcombine with succeed in account for invest inconsist of budget for

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Dear Shareholder,

I write to inform you that the Board has received information of a takeover bid for your company. This ……….an attempt by Porto Presto Co. to ac-quire a controlling interest by offering to purchase shares at a price of 650 pence. We have brought in a team of consultants to……… the tactics we should use to resist the bid.

Although the offer seems attractive, it does not reflect the true value of the company or take into account our future prospects. We have ………a ma-jor programme of expansion. During the next two years we plan to………. new plant and equipment. We have also allocated funds to……… a new computerised stock control system which will allow us to……… our much larger rivals. Furthermore, we plan to……… a machine tool company in a joint venture in China. We are confident this will allow the company to……… opening up new markets in Asia.

Policies like these ……… our success to date and contribute to our vision of the future. Therefore, we strongly advise you not to accept the offer of Porto Presto Co.

You can ………the Board to keep you fully informed of any future devel-opments, but for the present we advise you to take no action in relation to the offer.

Yours sincerelyDarcy Shwimmer Chairman

Task 2.11 Write a letter to your partner about a forthcoming merger of your company with another one and about the current situation in the branches of your company abroad.

Task 2.12 Using the brief descriptions, match the type of business or-ganisation to each paragraph.

a) subsidiary b) licensing agree-ment

c) partnership

d) Export Trading Company

e) sole trader f) joint venture

g) multinational corpor-ation

h) private limited company

i) holding

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j) public limited com-pany

k) associated com-pany

l) head office

m) franchise

1 A ... is a private individual who runs a one-man business. Не/She takes all the profits but also all the risks.

2 There are different kinds of... but they are all associations of two or more people sharing the risks and the profits in agreed proportions.

3 A ... (Ltd.Co.) cannot offer its shares or debentures to the general public. Nor can shares be transferred between members without the consent of the other shareholders.

4 A ... (plc) must have a minimum nominal share capital of $50,000. Shares can be freely bought and sold by members of the public.

5 A ... or parent company owns more than half the share capital of another company which is known as a ....

6 A ... is an agreement by which a franchisor gives another person or company (the franchisee) the right to sell goods or services using the franchisor's name and/or general business approach in return for a royalty.

7 Under a... one firm allows another to exploit its intellectual prop-erty (e.g. a patent) in return for a royalty. This agreement provides an op-portunity to benefit from R & D already carried out and to test a foreign market without a major capital outlay or management effort.

8 A... involves the pooling of resources of two or more companies in a common undertaking in which each party contributes assets and shares risks. It is not necessary for the partners to have an equal stake. The type of contribution varies and many consist of funds, technological skills, plant and machinery or labour.

9 A ... (MNC) is a firm which owns or controls production or ser-vices outside the country in which it is based. Examples include Exxon (USA), IRI (Italy), Unilever (The Netherlands/GB), Nestle (Switzerland) and Nissan (Japan).

10 An ... is the American equivalent of the Japanese Sogoshosha. It consists of a consortium of firms which enables overseas buyers to pur-chase US goods without too many complicated procedures. The EximBank guarantees payments to American exporters who trade in this way.

11 A company of which at least 20% and not more than 50% of the ordinary shares is held by another company is known....

12 A ... is the controlling centre of an organisation.

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Task 2.13 Make up dialogues following these specific situations and use set phrases you know.

1 Discuss a merger of two car manufacturing companies, the ad-vantages and disadvantages of the possible merger.

2 Discuss consequences of a possible take-over of your company by another one.

3 Discuss a demerger of a large electronic company.4 Discuss the establishing of the Kazakhstani-American joint-ven-

ture to produce petroleum.

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3 Talking about company

Task 3.1 Listen to the presentation and fill in the chart

NamePositionCompany typeLocation of the companyNumber of employeesClientsAnnual turnover

Task 3.2 Explaining company structurea) Look at the FUJITSU company structure

Picture 1

b) ICL is a subsidiary of FUJITSUFUJITSU is the parent company of ICL.

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PARENT COMPANY

SUBSIDIARY

Division Division Division

Company

Company

Company

Company

Company

Company

Company

Company

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The group Consists ofIs made up ofIs divided intoOperates in

Twenty-nine companiesThree divisionsSix target markets

Task 3.3 Listen. Shigeru Kanamori and some colleagues from Japan are attending a presentation of ICL. A senior executive is talking about how the company is organized. Listen and complete the chart.

Picture 2

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FUJITSU

Parent company owns…1 % of shares

ICL Group

……………….2 ………………..3 ………………….4

Business solutions

(Software)

Mainframe computers and PCs, components

Computer services (maintenance, training)

Target markets

…..5 (shops, etc)…..6 Services,Local and …7governmentHealthcareManufacturingTravel and ….8

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Task 3.4 Fill in the spaces using the words below.

Divided into Manufactures DivisionRetail Subsidiary Employs

ICL is a …… of Fujitsu, which is an 82% shareholder in the com-pany. The company …… a total of 24,000 people. ICL group consists of twenty-nine autonomous companies. Each company has its own Managing Director. The group is …… three divisions. The first is Industry Systems. This division produces business solutions (software) for ICL’s customers. The second is Technology, which …… computers and components. The third …… is Services, which sells computer services, like maintenance and training.

ICL operates in six different target markets: ……- that’s shops, healthcare: manufacturing, and travel and transport.

Task 3.5 Listen and add missed information

1 We're probably the best-known computer company in the world... We're making some big or-ganizational changes, and we have great hopes for the future.

2 We have a reputation for high quality. At present, 77% of our earnings come from our automobile division and 14% from motorcycles. Our 750 cc motorcycles are espe-cially popular.

3 We produce the world's leading ballpoint pen, and we also manufacture disposable pencils, dis-posable lighters, and disposable razors.

4 We produce and market metal products and industrial and construction machinery. We're also expanding in other areas such as electronics, robotics, information systems, and land development.

5 We manufacture cars, buses, and trucks, as well as engines and components. We have major production bases in the United States, Great Britain and Thailand,

6 Clothing stores worldwide. We're expanding our sporting goods lines, and now produce tennis rack-ets, skis, hiking boots, roller skates, and sunglasses.

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Task 3.6 Make a short presentation of your company on these basic points

NamePositionCompanySphere Location of the company

Subsidiaries Number of employeesClientsAnnual turnover

Task 3.7 Listen to the texts and find the answer

a) Name types of directors and managersb) Name types of secretaries and their duties

Task 3.8 Read the text and build the hierarchy register - тізім, жазу журналыa notice – хабарламаan implication - зардап, мағынаan argument - дәлел

a humanitarian- гуманист, имандылықшыa visionary - сәуегей

The British Company Management

The management of the company is called the Board of Directors (not Managers) headed by the Chairman (- the President /Am./). There is usually a Managing Director and in the case of big companies there may be several Joint Managing Directors.

A Manager in British companies is the person who is head of a de-partment - Sales, Export, Works (Production), Staff, etc. So there are Sales Managers, Export Managers, Works (Production) Managers, Staff Man-agers, etc.

A General Manager has managers, working under his control, and re-ceives his instructions form the Managing Director.

By British Company Law (the Companies Acts of 1948 and 1985) a limited company (public or private) must have a Company Secretary whose duties are plenty. First he is the clerk to the Directors: he is to keep Re-gisters of Directors and Members, arrange for proceedings at directors and shareholders' meetings, prepare notices for the calling of these meetings, at-tend them and advise directors at board meetings on the legal, accounting and tax implications of any proposed business move as well as write minutes and reports (the minutes of a meeting are usually concise records of resolutions or decisions reached, and the reports are more extensive and

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give details of desiccations, arguments for or against the resolutions, and so on.) Second he represents his company and, in this capacity he supervises the working of the staff and the maintenance or start records (If there is no special staff manager), he is often finally responsible for the accounting and handling of contracts. Thus he is the link between the company and the members, between the company and the staff and between the company and the public.

The Company Secretary must be a properly qualified person, and to be able to fulfil his routine duties well he is supposed to have training in company law, accountancy and many other subjects. He is expected to be part-lawyer, part-economist, part-administrator and part-accountant.

But it taken a good deal more than professional qualifications to make a good company secretary: "he must be businessman and humanit-arian, lawyer and visionary" (as one of the English newspapers put it).

the Board of Directors - директорлар кеңесіthe Chairman - төраға (ер), төрайым (әйел)the Managing Director - өкімші-директорa Sales Manager - сату бөлімінің меңгерушісіan Export Manager - экспорттық бөлімінің меңгерушісі a Production Manager - өндірістік меңгерушісіa Staff Manager - кадр бөлімінің меңгерушісіa General Manager - бас басқарушысыthe Company Secretary - коммпанияның хатшысы

Task 3.9 Match the definitions and the names of a company departments

1 Catering a) produces goods

2 Dispatch and Distributions b) monitors company products, tries

to improve their quality

3 Customers Ser-vices c) provides meals

4 Finance d) deal with after-sales service and complaints

5 Health and Safety e)

sells goods, contacts customers, deals with inquiries about prod-ucts

6 Maintenance f) checks equipment regularly, car-ries out reports

7 Marketing g)makes sure that products are widely known, finds out cus-tomers’ needs

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8 Personnel h) protects staff and property against crime

9 PR (Public Rela-tions) i) deals with telephone calls in and

out of the company

10 Production j) deals with money coming in and going out of the company

11R & D (Research and Develop-ment)

k) develops new products and new ideas

12 Reception l) deals with visitors, takes mes-sages

13 Quality control m) sends goods out to customers

14 Sales n) checks for dangers at work, mon-itors health

15 Security o) deals with training, recruitment, staff problems

16 Switchboard p) talks to journalists, presents the company to the public

Task 3.10a) Here are some terms used in a job titles

Head of MarketingDeputyHead of SalesCatering Supervi-sor

Security OfficerReceptionistQuality Control Inspector

Switchboard OperatorSales Representative Maintenance Engineer

b) Read the notes about the jobs of different people in a company. Talk to a partner about each person. Describe his/her job, using the words in brackets IN A SUITABLE form. Guess his/her occupation.

In charge ofResponsible forLook afterDeals with

InvolveConcerned withMake sure thatMonitor

Organize Arrange Liaise with

For example: LUC BERTRAND

Payments to staffMoney required for tripChecking expenses claims, issuing chequesAmount paid out for expenses

(concerned with)(deal with) (responsible)(monitor)

?

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Luc Bertrand is connected with payments to staff. He deals with the money required for trips. He is responsible for checking expenses and issu-ing checks. He monitors amounts paid out for expenses – He is a chief ac-countant

1 MARY MURRAYcompany canteenfood supplies, staff rotas, mealsfood preparation and servicecanteen operates efficiently

(in charge of)(organize)(monitor)(make sure)

?

?

2 LARRY HERSCHcustomers’ complaintscomplaints are dealt with quickerchecking the complaints are validProduction managerWrite a report on any complaint

(deal with)(make sure)(job –involve)(liaise with)(have to)

3 IRENE THEODORAKISvisitors arriving at front deskall visitors sign in on arrivaltaxi and bus transport for visitorsmessages left for staff memberssecurity and switchboard staff

(look after)(make sure) (arrange)(deal with)(liaise with)

?

?

4 GEORGE FENNpreventing crime within the buildingchecking means of access to the buildingtest burglar alarm regularlypeople entering/leaving the buildingdoors and windows are locked after hoursdistribution of keyssecurity patrols at night/weekends

(responsible )(job –involve)(have to)(monitor)(make sure)(deal with)(organize)

5 CHARLES BUTROShealth and safety of every employeemake record of every accidentaccident rate in the firminspecting machines and equipment training in safety and first aidtalks on safety

(responsible)(have to)(monitor)(job – involve)(organize)(arrange)

?

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Task 3.11 Complete the organization chart from the information pro-vided. Two examples have been done for you. (Note that there are various ways constructing an organization chart. This is one of the most usual.)

The Managing Director (sometimes called the Chief Executive or President in the USA) is the head of the company.

The company is run by a Board of Directors; each Director is in charge of a department. However, the Chairman of the Board is in overall control and may not be the head of any one department.

Most companies have Finance, Sales, Marketing (sometimes part of Sales), Production, Research and Development (R & D) and Personnel De-partments. These are the most common departments, but some companies have others as well.

Most departments have a Manager, who is in charge of its day-to-day running, and who reports to the Director; the Director is responsible for strategic planning and for making decisions.

Various personnel in each department report to the Manager, One ex-ample, present in almost all companies, is the Sales Representative, who re-ports to the Sales Manager.

Picture 3

Chairman

Other

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Task 3.12 Below you may see a chart showing the way in which company may be organize. Find the correct word of gaps

Accountant Board Mail Market Administration Head Manager RecruitmentAdvertising Innovation Personnel SalariesControl Managing Processing Stock

Picture 4

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Task 3.13 This exercise is concerned with describing corporate or-ganisation. Look at the chart below which shows the structure of the DSA Corporation. Then complete the paragraph which follows, using the correct form of the words in the box.

Picture 5

The DSA Corporation consists of three ... , Building Materials, Con-struction and Civil Engineering. DSA... New York and comprises four ..., KAF Inc., Halcon, Conway and RoadCo. Each of these is ... a Senior Vice-president who ... the ... .

subsidiary report to be headed bydivision be based in parent company

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DSA Corporation (New York)

Building MaterialsCivil Engineer-

ing

KAF Inc.

Construction

Halcon Road CoConway

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Task 3.14 This exercise is concerned with describing management hi-erarchy. The illustration below shows the organization of КAF Inc. Study the organization chart, then complete the paragraph, using the correct form of an appropriate word or phrase from the box.

Picture 6

be responsible for

be in charge of be supported by be accountable to

consist of be headed by support

KAF Inc. is a building materials manufacturing company in Detroit, KAF ... the Chief Executive Officer, the Board of Directors, which ... four people. The staff in each of the four departments is ... a Vice-President who is also on the Board. In each department, a managerial team of directors ... the Vice-President. In the Sales Department, one director ... exports, the other ... domestic sales.

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Chief Executive Officer

Vice-Presid-ent Finance

Vice-Presid-ent Human Resources

Board of Directors

Vice-President Sales & Market-ing

Vice-President Production

1 Director2 Directors

Exports

3 Directors3 Directors

Domestic Sales

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Task 15 Work in groups of three. Choose a monitor.

Task for a monitor: Listen to the translation and mark the pluses and mi-nuses.Task for students: Translate your part into English.Discuss translating problems in groups.

- Қайырлы таң, мырзалар. Халіңіз қалай?- Рахмет, жақсы. Өзіңіз ше?- Рахмет, ептеп.- Маған фирма туралы әңгімелеуге рұқсат беріңіз. М-р

Клименко, Сіз білетіндей, біз технологиялық жабдықтарды өндіреміз. Біздің фирмамыз 6 бөлімнен тұрады: өндірістік, сату, экспорттық, кадр бөлімі және ғылыми-зерттеу мен тәжірибе-конструкторлық жұмыстар бөлімі. Олардың ішіндегі соңғысы – ең жаңасы.

- Сіз өз заңдық мәртебе бойынша ААҚ, солай ма?- Дұрыс, солай... Біздің басшылығымыз – акционерлердің

жиылысы мен директорлар кеңесі. Бұрын фирма президенті аға компаньондардан біреуі болған, ал енді, сіз білетіндей, м-р Роджерс. Фирмада 1600 адамдай жұмыс істейді.Біздің айналымымыз 300 млн. фунттан аса құрайды.

- Сіз біздің экспорттық бөлімімізбен жұмыс істейсіз. Біз жабдықтарды әлемнің 5 еліне экспортқа шығарамыз. Бұдан басқа, біздің Голландия мен Германия елдерінде штаб-пәтерлерімен еншілес компаниялар бар.

- Бұл еншілес компаниялар ма, филиалдар ма? - Бұл еншілес компаниялар. Олардың әрқайсысының да өз атауы

бар. Бірақ біз Шығыс Еуропада серіктестерді іздеп жүрміз. Біздің өз қызметіміздің саласын кеңейтуіміз келеді. Сол себепті, Сіздің фирмаңызбен қарым-қатынас орнату үшін м-р Картрайт Киевке кетті. Бұрын Сіздерді тек хат жазысу арқылы білдік.

Task 16 Make a short presentation of your created company

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Literature

1 Бедрицкая Л.В., Василевская Л.И. Business vocabulary: учебно-метод. пособие: 2-е изд., испр. – Минск: «Экоперспектива», 2001. – 128 с.

2 Богацкий И.С. Бизнес-курс английского языка. Словарь-справочник /под общей редакцией Богацкого И.С. – 3-е изд., испр. – Киев: «Логос», 1997 – 352 с.

3 Кумарова М. Новый бизнес английский. Курс деловой лексики английского языка – М. : АКАЛИС, 1997. -396 с.

4 Лукьянова Н.А. Настольная книга бизнесмена: учебное пособие. – 4-е изд., испр. – М. : Руссо, 1996. – 570 с.

5 Шевелева С.А. Стогов В.Е. Основы экономики и бизнеса: учебное пособие по англ.языку. – М. : Культура и спорт, Юнити, 1996. – 296 с.

6 Business Basics Oxford University Press, 19977 Business Venture Oxford University Press 19978 General Business for economic understanding Eleventh edition. –

South-Western Publishing Co, Cincinnati Ohio, 1976. – 630 p.

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Appendix A(referential)

Part 11 sole proprietorship (анг.)

individual proprietorship (ам.)

жеке кәсіпкерлік

unlimited partner-ship(англ) general partnership (ам.)

толық серіктестік

master limited partnership акционерлік-командиттік серіктестікprivate limited company (анг.)

жауапкершілігі шектеулі акционерлік компаниясы / өз акцияларын сатуға ұсынбауға құқығы бар жабық акционерлік компаниясы

close corporation (ам.) жабық корпорациясы / өз акцияларын сатуға ұсынбауға құқығы бар жабық акционерлік компаниясы

public company public limited company (анг.)

көпшілік / акциялары қор биржасында сатылатын ашық акционерлік компаниясы

corporation (ам.) корпорация, ашық акционерлік компаниясы

2 additional a. қосымша, үстеме3 advantage п. 1артықшылық, басымдылық

gain / get / score / win an advantage of/ over smb.

біреуден үстем болу

take advantage of smb біреуді алдау2пайда, тиімділік, ұтыс

show smth. to the best ad-vantage

бірдемені нағыз тиімді жағдайда ұсыну

take full advantage of smth.

біреудің пайдалануымен іске асыру

take advantage of theopportunity

қажетті жағдайда пайдалану

to advantage пайдалы, жақсы, біреудің пайдасынаThis is to my advantage.This is not to her advant-age.

Бұл маған тиімдіБұл оны тиімді жағын көрсетпейді

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Sequel to appendix A4 assign one's rights v өз құқықтарын табыстау, қайта

табыстауassign one's rights to third persons / party at the price

баға бойынша өз құқықтарын үшінші тұлғаға /жаққа табыстау

5 Articles of Association n. акционерлік компаниясының жарғысы

6 be liable predic 1жауапты болу/мінтетемемен байланыстырылған болу/ мінтетті

be fully liable толық жауапты болуbe fully liable for the debts

берешекке/борышқа толық жауапты болу2 жататын, тиісті, бейімді, ынталы, әуес, бейімделген, ұшыраған

be liable to income-tax табысқа салынатын салықliable to catch cold тұмауға ұшырағанliable to dispute Талас, даулы

7 (be) subject to жату, болу, бағынды болу, тәуелді болу, байланысты болу

subject to agreement келісімге жату

The design is subject toalterations.

Жобаға/дизайнға өзгерістерді енгізу мүмкін

These initiatives are sub-ject to the manager's agreement.

Бұл ынталарды менеджермен келісу керек

subject to approval мақұлдауға жату subject to contract шартқа қол қойған жағдайдаThe goods are sold sub-ject to contract

Шартқа қол қойылған жағдайда, тауарлар сатылады

subject to survey тексеруге/қаралуға жату(be) subject to public re-port

көпшілік алдындағы есеп-қисапқа жату

The text is subject to amendments

Мәтінге түзетулерді енгізу мүмкін

A treaty is subject to rati-fication.

Шарт бекітуге жатады

8 bear characteristics v. ерекшелік/ белгі/ нышан болу9 business n.

1 (Sg.) job, occupation, 1мамандық, қызметінің түрі

He's in banking business. Ол банкіде жұмыс істейді.

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Sequel to appendix A2 2 жұмысput business before pleas-ure

жұмысты демалыстан жоғары қою

talk business жұмыс туралы сөйлеу3 (Sg., no indefinite art-icle) commerce, industry, trade

3 коммерциялық қызмет мүлде (сауда, өндіріс, мәміле)

a business deal Мәмілеa business appointment іскерлік кездесу4 association, company,corporation, federation, firm, group, organisation

әр түрлі қызмет көрсетулерді білдіретін, таурлардың таратуымен, сатуымен және сатып алуымен айналысатын адамдар туралы

a dry-cleaning business Химиялық тазалауa family business отбасылық бизнесa furniture business жиһазмен саудаa hard-pressed business зиян көретін фирмаa small business шағын бизнесan insurance business сақтандыру компанияclose down a business фирманы, компанияны, істі жабуestablish a businessstart a business

фирманы, компанияны, істі ашу

run a business фирманы басқару, істі жүргізу5 (Sg., no indefinite article)

5 істің жағдайы

How's business?business is bad business is booming business is good business is slow

Халіңіз қалай?халіміз нашаржұмысымыз өрге домалап тұрЖұмысымыз жақсы жүріп жатыржұмысымыз баяу жүріп тұр

6 (Sg., no indefinite article)

6 сұрақ, іс

important/ pressing / ur-ging business

маңызды іс/ мезгілдік іс

Our business is to make an attractive offer.

Біздің ісіміз – тартымды ұсынысты жасау

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Sequel to appendix AWe have important busi-ness to attend to today.

Бүгін бізге бір маңызды іспен айналасу керек.

(be) in business фирмада жұмыс істеу, фирманың иесі болу, көп тапсырыс берушілері, клиенттері болу

(be) open for business клиенттер қабылдауға дайын болу, «келушілерді қабылдау», жұмысқа дайын болу

do business (with smn.) сауданы жүргізу, сатып алу, сату, коммерция мәселелерін талқылау, жұмысқа кірісу

get down to business фирмада жұмыс істеуін бастауgo into business өз ісің бастауgo out of business банкротқа ұшырау, өз ісің жабу (have) a head for busi-ness

бизнесте, коммерцияда жақсы түсіну

set up in business дүкенді, фирманы ашу10 capital goods n. өндірістің негізгі құрал-жабдығы

carry on v. жалғастыру, істеу, шұғылдану, айналысу

carry out v. орындау, жүзеге асыру11 certificate of deposit n. үлестік жарна куәлігі12 circumstance n. мән-жай, істің жағдайы

under the circumstances тап осы жағдайдаunder / in no circum-stances

ешқашан

unforeseen circumstance ойда болмаған жағдай13 Companies Act n Англияда қабылдаған компания

құрылымы бойынша (жауапкершілігі шектеулі қоғамның) заң

14 company n. компанияform / set up a company компанияны құру register a company компанияны тіркеуlisted company биржада акцияларының айналысы

бар компаниясыunlisted company биржада акцияларының айналысы

жоқ компаниясы

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Sequel to appendix A15 conclude v. жасасу

conclude / make a deal / a con-tract / an agreement

мәмілеге келу/ өзара шартты, келісімді жасау

16 concession Кеңшілік, шегінім, келісімmake concessions v. Кеңшілік жасау

17 consent n permissionacquiescenceconcurrencecomplianceaccord of minds

Келісу, келісім беру

by the consentwith the consent

келісімімен

by common consentwith one consent

Жаппай келісімімен

without the consent of smb. Ешкімнің келісімісіз half-hearted consent Мүддесіз келісуtacit consent Үнсіз келісу carry the consent of smb. Біреудің келісімін алуobtain / win smb.'s consent Біреуді келісімге келтіру

18 consider v. Қарау, ойлау, келіседі деп ойлау, назарға алу, есепке алу, есептеу, санау

consider a matter / a proposal / a question

Істі / ұсынысты / мәселені қарау

consider a problem Проблеманы / мәселені назарға алу19 contractual a Шарттық 20 contribute v. Салым жасау, жәрдемдесу,

көмектесу21 current a. Ағымдағы, қазіргі22 debenture n. Компанияның борышқорлық

міндеттемесіsecured debentures Активтермен қамтамасыз етілген

борышқорлық міндеттемелер (Англия)

unsecured / naked debentures Активтермен қамтамасыз етілмеген борышқорлық міндеттемелер (АҚШ)

23 bond облигация24 disband a company v. Компанияны тарату25 distribute v. Үлестіру, тарату

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Sequel to appendix A26 dividend n. дивиденд27 equal obligation n Борышқорлар ынтымақтық

жауапкершілігінің міндеттемесі28 hence adv. Сондықтан, нәтижесінде29 income n. Пайда, түсім, табыс

an annual income Жылдық табысa high income Табыстың жоғары деңгейіa low income Табыстың төмен деңгейіa regular income Тұрақты табысaccrued income Жинақталған кірісdeclaration of income Табыстың мағлұмдамасы earned income Еңбекпен табылған табысfranked income Таңбалама инвестициялардан

алынған табысgross income Жалпы пайда / табысincome and expenditure account

Кіріс пен шығыс шоты

income support Халықтың ауқатсыздар табысының деңгейін қолдау

net income Таза табысtaxable income Салық салынатын табысtotal income Жиынтықты кірісtransfer income Аударым табыс (демеуқаржы,

зейнетақы, жәрдемақы, жәрдемпұл)unearned income Еңбекпен табылмаған табысunfranked income Таңбаламаған табысincome tax n. Табыс салығы

30 indicate v. Көрсету, сілтеу, куәландыру, білдіру, белгілеу

31 inheritance n. Мұралану, мирас, мұра32 insolvency n. Төлеуге қабілетсіздік33 investor n. Коммандиттік серіктестікте

коммандитист34 legal form n. Заңдық түрі

35 liability n.1 (Sg., no indefinite art-icle)

1 жауапкершілік

absolute liability Шектелмеген жауапкершілікcriminal liability Қылмыстық жауапкершілікjoint and several liability Жиынтық жауапкершілік

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Sequel to appendix Alimited liability Шектеулі жауапкершілікproduct liability өнім сапасы үшін жауапкершілікaccept liability for some-thing

Бірдеңеге жауапкершілікті мойындау

2 (Sg.) 2 қитық, кедергі, қиындық, бөгет, тосқауыл, масыл

be a liability in a firm быть обузой для фирмы An unhappy workplace is a liability.

Көңілге жақпаған жұмыс – масыл.

36 licence n. (am.) license (ам.)

лицензия, рұқсаттама

export licence Экспорттық лицензияimport licence Импорттық лицензияapply for a licence Лицензия алуға мәлімдеме беруissue a licence /grant a licence

Лицензияны беру

lose a licence Лицензиядан айырылуobtain a licence Лицензияны алу

37 limit v. Шектеу 38 liquidate a company v.

wind up a companyliquidation of a company winding-up n. (Sg.,no indefinite articles)

Компанияны жабу, істі жабу, компанияны тарату,

compulsory winding-up order

Сот шешімімен компанияны мәжбүрлеп таратуға берілген ордер

voluntary winding-up Компанияны ерікті тарату39 majority interest n. Акциялардың бақылау пакеті40 management n.

1 (Sg., no indefinite art-icle)

1 басшылықты жүзеге асыру

bad / poor management Нашар басшылықgood management Жақсы басшылықhuman resource manage-ment

Кадр саясаты

skilled management өте жақсы басшылықstrong management Мықты басшылық

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Sequel to appendix A2 2 басшылық құрамыat management level Басшылық деңгейіндеa management decision Басшылар шешіміa management position Басшылық айқындамасыa management team Басшылық командасыa management trainee Басшы-машықтанушы (стажер)a management system Ақпараттық-басқару жүйесіmiddle management Ортаңғы буындағы басшыларsenior management / ex-ecutives

Жоғарғы басшылық құрамы

41 manager n. менеджер, басқарушы, бастықan area manager Аймақтық жобаның басшысыdepartment manager Бөлім жетекшісіdeputy manager Басқарушының, бастықтың

орынбасарыexport manager Бөлім меңгерушісіgeneral manager Бас менеджер, бас басқарушы

managing director өкімші-директорpersonnel / staff/ human resources manager

Кадр бөлімінің бастығы

public relations manager Жұртшылықпен байланыс бөлімінің бастығы

product manager өнімнің әрленімін және сапасын бақылау менеджері

production manager өндіріс меңгерушісіrights manager Басқа елдерде фирманың тауарларын

сатуға, сатып алуға, таратуға және артық өндіруге жататын өзара шарттың сақталуын бақылайтын менеджер

sales manager өткізу бөлімінің бастығы42 market n. нарық43 obtain v. Алу, тауып алу, сатып алу, жету

44 obtain information Мәліметті алуobtain a licence Лицензияны алу

45 on the basis of smth. Негізде, негізінде46 owing to smth. Бір заттың себебімен, сол себептен

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Sequel to appendix A47 partner n. Серіктес, әріптес, жарнашы, үлескер

active partner Белсенді серіктесco-partner Серіктестің мүшесіgeneral partner Толық серіктстің қатысушыларыjunior partner Кіші серіктесlimited partner Жауапкершілігі шектеулі

серіктестіктің қатысушыларыmanaging partner Фирманың күнделікті жұмысын

басқаратын серіктесnominal partner Атаулы серіктесsenior partner Аға серіктесsecret / sleeping / dormant partner

«ұйқыдағы» серіктес, «есептелген», бірақ фирма істеріне белсене қатыспайтын серіктес

silent partner Белгісіз серіктесtrading partner Сауда серіктес

48 partnership n. Серіктестік a deed of partnership a partnership agreement

Серіктестік келісім

a partnership-at-will Мерсімсіз серіктестікillegal partnership Заңсыз серіктестікbecome / form a partner-ship

Серіктестікті ұйымдастыру

dissolve a partnership Серіктестікті таратуjoin a partnershipenter partnershipgo into partnership

Серіктестіктің мүшесі болу

49 private a. Жеке a private business Жеке бизнесa private company Жеке компанияa private firm Жеке фирмаprivate information Жариялауға жатпайтын мәліметтерin private құпиялы

50 property n. Мүлік, меншікcorporate property Акционерлік, корпорациялық меншік

movable property Жылжымалы мүлікreal property Жылжымайтын мүлікpersonal property Жеке мүлікprivate property Жеке меншік

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Sequel to appendix A

public property Қоғамдық меншік51 provide for / against smth.

vШаралар қолдану

52 resolution . Шешім, қарар53 run the risk v. Қауіп / қатерге / тәуекелдікке

ұшырау54 secession from the organ-

isation n. Ұйымнан шығу

55 share capital n. Акционерлік капитал56 solvency n. Төлем қабілеттілігі57 staff n. Штат, құрам, қызметкерлер,

жұмысшыларaccount staff бухгалтерия, есепшілерadministrative staff әкімшілік қызметкерлерhired staff Жалдау шарты бойынша

қызметкерлерcatering staff Қызмет көрсету саласының

қызметкерлеріclerical staff Кеңсе, құжатхана қызметкерлеріcounter staff Сөре артында жұмыс істейтін

қызметкерлер (банкіде, дүкенде)junior staff Төмендегі, бағынушыларindustrial staff Фабрикадағы, зауыттардағы

қызметкерлерoffice staff Кеңсе қызметкерлеріpermanent staff Тұрақты штатtemporary staff Уақытша штатstaff shortages Кадрлардың жетіспеушілігіstaff vacancies Бос орындарemploy / take on staffrecruit staff

штатты жалдау / штатты жинақтау

58 statutory books n. Қаржы жағдайы, мушелер, басшылар мен хаттамалар көрсетілген жауапкершілігі шектеулі қоғамның жарғы кітаптары

59 tax Салық tax exempt/tax free

Салықты төлеуден босатылған тұлға, ұйым

taxless Салық салынбайтын

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Sequel to appendix A60 trade n.

1 (Sg., no indefinite art-icle)

1 сауда

trade between countries Мемлекетаралық саудаtrade in metals Металмен сауда2 2 сауда саласыexport trade Экспорттық саудаimport trade Импорттық саудаinternational trade Халықаралық саудаretail trade Бөлшек саудаwholesale trade Көтерме сауда3 (Sg., no indefinite art-icle)

3 сауда жағдайы, сауда көлемі

trade is bad Сауда жүрмей жатырtrade is booming Сауда өрлеп жатырtrade is brisk: Сергек саудаtrade is declining Сауда нашарлайдыtrade is picking up Сауда жақсырақ жүріп жатырtrade is slow Сауда баяу жүріп жатыр4 4 коммерциялық қызметінің саласыa trade journal / magazine Кәсіптік дүркіндік басылымыforeign / overseas trade Шетел серіктесімен сауда, сыртқы

саудаdomestic / home trade Мемлекет ішіндегі сауда, ішкі сауда

do a good trade in smth. Бір нәрсе арқылы жақсы табыс табу5 5 кәсіп, қолөнер, мамандық

learn a trade Қолөнеріне үйрену(be) in the trade Коммерциялық қызметінің әр түрлі

саласында жұмыс істеу61 vote n Дауыс, дауыс құқығы

vote v. Дауыс беру, таңдау, бірдеңе үшін жақтау, пікір білдіру

Part 21 agree v. Келісу

agree to smth. Бірдеңеге келісуagree with smb. Бірумен келісу

2 approve v. Дұрыс деп санау, мақұлдау

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Sequel to appendix Aapprove of smb. / smth. Біреуді / бірдеңені мақұлдау

I approve of him. Ол маған ұнайдыapprove a plan, a report Жоспарды, баяндаманы бекіту,

мақұлдау3 branch n. филиал, бөлім

a large branch Ірі филиалa local branch Жергілікті бөлімa main branch Негізгі филиалan overseas branch Шетел филиалa branch network Филиалдар желі

4 capital n. капиталinitial paid-in capital Бастапқы салынған капиталpaid up capital Төленген капитал

5 consolidation n. Ұзарту, нығайту, шоғырландыру, бірлестіру

6 competitor Бәсекелес, бәсекелесшіa leading competitor / ma-jor competitor

Жетекші / негізгі бәсекелесші

competitors on the market ofsmth.

Нарық бәсекелесшісі

7 deal n. transaction

Мәміле

big deal Ірі мәміле (немесе жақсы іс!)

firm deal Сенімді мәмілеcash deal Қолма-қол есеп айырысу мәмілесіnew deal Жаңа ой-пікір, реформалар бағамыswap credit deal өзара несие беру мәмілесіfair / square deal Адал мәмілеraw / rough deal Жазықсыз қатал қатынасpackage deal Кешенді мәміле (өзара шегіну

негізінде келісім, тұтасымен қабылданған немесе қабылданбаған шарттар)

arrange a deal Мәмілені ұйымдастыруclinch a deal Мәміленің қорытындысын шешуconclude a deal do / set up a deal

Мәмілені жасау

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Sequel to appendix Afinalise a deal Істі аяқтауget a deal Істі табу / бастауgive smb. a square deal Біреумен адал ойынды жүргізуgo for / along with a deal Мәмілені жасасауға келісім беруhave a raw deal өзіне әділетсіз қатынасты ескермеуmake a deal for smth. Бірдеңені сатып алуға мәмілені

жасасуno deal! Түк те шықпайды!sign a deal Мәмілеге келуге қол қою

8 decade n.. Он жылдық, он күндік, ондық9 demerger n Ыдырау 10 dispose of smth v. Құтылу, аяқтау, сату, беру

dispose of a question Мәселені шешу / реттеуdispose of a matter Істі шешу / реттеуdispose of property Мүлкімен иеленуdispose of goods Тауарды сату / өткізуdispose of rubbish Қоқысты жинау

11 distribution n. Үлестіру, тарату12 effect n. әрекет, пәрменділік, күш

take effect Күшіне енуwith effect from... ... бастап күшіне енетінbe in effect (заң, келісім) күшінде болуgive effect to (заңды) іске асыру / күшіне келтіруbring / put /carry into ef-fect

Орындау, жүзеге асыру

in effect нақтылықto the effect that Бірдеңе туралы; келесі мазмұндаThe buyer and the seller haveagreed to the effect that...

Сатып алушы және сатушы бірдеңе туралы келісті

to that effect Осы сияқты13 equipment n. Жабдық

emergency equipment Апаттық жабдықdefective equipment Ақаулы жабдықstandby / backup equip-ment

Қосалқы / резервтік жабдық

test equipment Бақылау-өлшем жабдығыerection equipment/ facil-ities

Монтаждық жабдық

handling / loading- un-loading equipment

Жүк тиеу-түсіру жабдық

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Sequel to appendix Asophisticated / modern equipment

Қазіргі жабдық

construction equipment Құрылыс жабдығыsubstandard equipment Сапасыз жабдықrent of equipment Жабдықты көтере сатып алуorder for equipment Жабдыққа тапсырысshort-delivery of equip-ment

Жабдықты кем жеткізу

short shipment of equip-ment

Жабдықты жеткізугіндегі жетіспеушілік

14 establish v. Орнату, құру, жасау15 expand v. Кеңейту 16 headquarters n. Бас басқармасы, бас орган, штаб,

штаб-пәтер17 joint venture n. Бірлескен кәсіпорын

set up a joint-venture Бірлескен кәсіпорынды құру18 launch v. Бастау, ашу, іске асыру

launch a new enterprise Жаңа кісіпорынды ашуlaunch smn. into business Біреуге іскерлік мансапты бастауға

көмек көрсетуlaunch a campaign Науқанды бастауlaunch a scheme Жоспарды күшіне енгізуlaunch an attack Шабуылды дайындау

19 loss-making Залалды loss-making business Залалды бизнесloss-making company/ en-terprise

Залалды фирма / кәсіорын

20 maker a producer

өндіруші

car / vehicle maker Автомобиль жасау зауыты

21 manufacture n. (Sg, no in-definite article)production n.

өндіріс, дайындау, жасау, өндіру, жасау үрдісі

cloth manufacture Мауыт өндірісlarge-scale manufacture Ірі сериялық өндірісof home / domestic, for-eign manufacture

Отандық, шетелдік өндірістің

manufacture mark Фабрикалық таңба

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Sequel to appendix A

22 manufacture v.produce

өндіру, дайындау, жасау, илеу, қайта өндіру

manufacture shoes, steel Аяқ-киімді, болатты өндіріп шығаруmanufacture false evid-ence

Айғақты құрастыру

23 manufacturer n.producer

өндіруші, дайындаушы, жасаушы, жеткізуші, өңдеуші өнеркәсіптің кәсіпорны

manufacturer' s catalogue Фирмалық каталог / тізімдемеmanufactures (PL) Бұйым, өнім, фабрикат

24 manufacturing n. Өндіріс, өндіру (жиі тасқынды-жаппай)

25 merge v. amalgamate

Қосылу ( ұйымдар, фирмалар туралы)

merger n. Бірігу (банкілердің, кәсіпорындардың)

horizontal merger Деңгейлес бірігуvertical merger Сатылас бірігуindustrial merger өнеркәсіп бірлестігіmerger agreement Бірігу туралы келісімmerger proposal Бірігу үшін ұсынысapprove a merger Бірігуін мақұлдауarrange a merger Бірігуін ұйымдастыруpropose a merger Бірігуін ұсынуtake part in a merger Бірігуінде қатысуwithdraw from a merger Бірлестіктен шығу

26 option n. Таңдау, таңдау құқығы немесе таңдау бойынша айырбастау

at the option of the pur-chaser /buyer at purchaser's / buyer's option

Сатып алушының қарауына

have no option but... Амалсыз таңдауtake up the option Таңдауды жасауleave to smb.'s option Біреудің қарауына қалдыру

27 per cent a., adv Пайыз, жүзгеa discount of ten per cent Он пайызға жеңілдікper cent by volume, by weight

Мөлшер бойынша, салмақ бойынша пайыздық қатынас

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Sequel to appendix A

28 percentage n.1 1 пайыздық мазмұныa figure expressed as apercentage

Пайызда тұлғаланған сан

calculate / estimate a per-centage

Пайыздық мазмұнды / пайызды шығару, санау

2 2 комиссиялық сыйақыПайыздық аударым

What percentage is a de-livery charge?

Сіз жеткізу үшін қанша аласыз?

3.a small percentage of smth.

3 бөлік, үлесБірдеңенің аз мөлшері

a large percentage of smth.

Бірдеңенің көп мөлшері

29 percentage wise Пайыздық қатынаста 30 rival n. Бақталас, бәсекелес

business rivals Бәсекелестер, бәсекелесшілерwithout a rival Бәсекеден тысқары

31 second largest a. Мөлшер бойынша екінші32 shareholder n. Акционер, акция иесі33 splitting off n. ыдырау34 unpick v. pick smth. apart Бұзылу, жою, ыдырау35 subsidiary n. Еншілес компания

(төркіндес/ходингілік компания – оның акционерлік капиталы атаулы құнының жартысынан көбірек капиталдың иесі немесе оның ішінде акциялардың белгіленген мөлшерін ұстайды және директорлар кеңесінің құрамын бақылайды)

36 takeover n. жұтылуa friendly takeover Достастық қосылуa hostile takeover Дұшпандықпен жұтылу / жаулап алу

актісі an unfriendly / unwelcometakeover

Қажетсіз жұтылу

a takeover bid / offer Жұтылу туралы ұсыныс a takeover deal Жұтылу / қосылу туралы мәміле

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Sequel to appendix A

a takeover action Жұтылу акциясы takeover talks Жұтылу туралы келіссөздер agree to a takeover Жұтылуға келісу attempt a takeover Жұтылу әрекетін қылу fight a takeover Жұтылуға қарсылық көрсету

37 turn into v өзгеріп кету, айналып кету 38 under adv. Сәйкес, бойынша

under amnesty Кешірім бойынша under smb.'s advice Біреудің кеңесімен under smb.'s will Біреудің өсиетнамасы бойынша under agreement Келісімімен under contract өзара шартқа сәйкес under the new law Жаңа заң бойыншаunder the rules of the club Клубтың жарғысына сәйкесunder order No. № тапсырысы бойынша

39 unit n. өлшем, бірлік, құрылымдық бөлімше 40 unproductive a. өнімсіз

unproductive capital Залалды өлі / жансыз капитал unproductive company Залалды фирма

41 value v. Бағалау Value a deal at Rbl20bn. 20 млрд рубльге мәмілені бағалау Value a property at $lm. Бір млн долларға мүлкін бағалау value the jewellery Зергерлік бұйымдарды бағалау value stocks Қорларды бағалау

42 vertically integrated busi-ness n.

Сатылас интеграциялық компания

backward integrated busi-ness forward integrated busi-ness

Жеткізушілерін бақылайтын сатылас интеграциялық компания Концернлері оның өнімімен пайдаланатын сатылас интеграциялық компания

43 view n. ниетwith a view to smth. мақсатыменwith a view of smth.with a view to do smth.

ниетпен

negotiations with a view to alliance

Одақты жасау мақсатымен келіссөздер

negotiations with a view Бірдеңені дәлелдеу мақсатымен

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of proving smth. келіссөздер negotiations with a view to extend the trade

Кеңейту мақсатымен келіссөздер

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Appendix B (referential)

Tape scripts p.4 Task 1Types of business in U.K.

Most businesses in the United Kingdom operate in one of the follow-ing ways:

- sole trader- partnership- limited liability company- branch of a foreign company.

The sole trader is the oldest form of business. There are many one-man owners, for example: a farmer, doctor, solicitor, estate agsnt, garage man, jobber, builder, hairdresser etc. The partnership is a firm where there are a few partners. They are firms of solicitors, architects, au-ditors, management consultants etc. The names of all the partners of the firm are printed on the stationery of a partnership. The most common type of company in the United Kingdom is the limited liability company. At the end of the name of such a company the word Ltd. is used. For example: Wilson and Son Ltd.

Many of such companies are joint-stock companies owned by share-holders.

Limited liability companies are divided into public and private ones. Only public companies may offer shares to the public at the stock ex-change. The names of such companies end in p. I.e. which stands for public limited company. For instance: John and Michael p.l.c.

Private limited companies may not offer shares to the public. The names of such companies end simply in Ltd. A branch of a foreign company is a part of a company incorporated outside Great Britain but act-ing under the law of the U.K. Usually these companies act in the U.K. under their normal foreign names.

Forms of business in the U.S.A

Businesses in the U.S.A. may be organized as one of the following forms:

- individual business- general partnership- limited partnership- corporation

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- alien corporationAn Individual business is owned by one person.A general partnership has got several owners. They all are liable for

debts and they share in the profits.A limited partnership has got at least one general owner and one or

more other owners. They have only a limited investment and a limited liabil-ity.

A corporation is owned by persons, called stockholders. The stock-holders usually have certificates showing the number of shares which they own. The stockholders elect a director or directors to operate the corpo-ration. Most corporations are closed corporations, with only a few stockholders. Other corporations are owned by many stockholders who buy and sell their shares at will. Usually they have little interest in man-agement of the corporations.

Alien corporations are corporations of foreign countries. All the corporations are to receive their charters from the state authorities. The charters state all the powers of the corporation. Many corporations try to receive their charters from the authorities of the State of Delaware, though they operate in other states. They prefer the State of Delaware be-cause the laws are liberal there and the taxation is rather low. Such cor-porations, which receive their charters from an outside state are called for-eign corporations.

All the corporations require a certificate to do business in the state where they prefer to operate.

p.9 Task 5Thomas Mahoney's business

During his first years in high school, Thomas Mahoney held a num-ber of different part-time jobs after school and on Saturdays. He thought about retailing as a career and took business courses in school. In his senior year, he became a part-time sales trainee in the sporting goods department of a large department store. After graduation, he accepted a full-time job with the store.

In the next few years, Tom worked hard and was successful as a salesman. He prepared for advancement by taking several evening school courses. Soon he was promoted to assistant manager of the sporting goods department. By this time he was married, earning a good salary, and sav-ing some of it. But he wanted to own his own business. He liked the idea of earning profits for himself while being his own boss. So in his spare time he began planning his own business. Before too long, he resigned his job in the department store and was on his own.

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Because of his experience and his interest in selling sporting goods, Tom wanted to open a sporting goods store. He chose the name Sports-world. He rented a small store in a shopping center and bought showcases and other equipment. With the help of a bank loan, he bought his stock of merchandise. Tom had learned a lot about selling sporting goods in the de-partment store, but he found that a one-man business required long hours and much decision making. He ordered merchandise, built window dis-plays, and did most of the selling and the stock work. His wife helped him keep his business and tax records. A student was employed part-time. Tom owned the business by himself, so it was a sole proprietorship. All the profits—or losses—were his.

Mahoney and Rubin's Partnership

Sportsworld was a success. Tom paid his bills on time and paid him-self a fair salary. Each month he made payments on his bank loan until it was paid off. Profits were put aside in a savings account.

Soon Tom felt that it was time to expand the business, but he needed more money than he had saved. He also needed the help of someone who knew more about advertising and bookkeeping than he did. A friend, Alex Rubin, was a salesman in another store and had studied advertising and other business subjects in junior college. Tom invited Alex to become a part owner of Sportsworld.

With their combined skills, experience, money, and other property, they could afford to offer a larger variety of sporting goods. They could also afford to add new lines of merchandise—camping supplies and sportswear—to draw trade from a larger area. They consulted an attorney, Linda Vernon, about setting up the partnership. With her help, Tom and Alex drew up a written agreement called the articles of partnership. Among other things, this agreement provided that:

1 The name of the firm will be Sportsworld.2 Mahoney will invest $30,000 in cash and property. Rubin will in-

vest $15,000 in cash.3 Each partner will draw a salary of $1,250 a month.4 Profits and losses after salaries are paid will be shared in propor-

tion to each partner's investment: two thirds to Mahoneyand one third to Rubin.

5 Mahoney will have main responsibility for sales, selection and purchase of merchandise, and customer and community relations. Rubin will handle financial records, payroll, store maintenance, advertising and sales promotion, and other details of operating the business.

6 In the event of the death or the necessary withdrawal of one part-

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ner, the remaining partner will have the right to purchase the departing partner's share of the business.

Before Mahoney and Rubin signed the articles of partnership, their lawyer pointed out some of the legal responsibilities of partners. For ex-ample, each partner could be held personally responsible for all the debts of the business. This would even include debts incurred by the other partner without the first partner's consent. Each partner was also bound by the agreements made for the business by the other partner. To avoid problems, the partners agreed to talk over all important business matters, such as hir-ing people or buying new equipment.

At the end of the first year, the Mahoney and Rubin partnership showed a net profit of $6,000 after the partners' salaries had been paid. Since they had agreed to share profits in proportion to their investment in the business, Tom received two thirds or $4,000 and Alex received one third or $2,000.

SPORTSWORLD as a Corporation

Sportsworld continued to grow under the Mahoney and Rubin part-nership, and the partners considered the possibility of expanding the busi-ness even more. A new shopping center was being built on the other side of town. Should they open a branch store there? Should they also enlarge the present store? Should they add new sales and storage space and also lines of outdoor furniture and boats? Tom and Alex found themselves asking these questions. To do these things, they needed more money, so they thought about adding more partners. However, they decided against this. They reasoned that they did not need partners to help them manage the business since they could hire qualified assistant managers. Also, there would be personal risks in being responsible for the actions of other part-ners.

Mrs. Vernon, their lawyer, advised them that if they formed a corpor-ation, each member would not be personally responsible for the business's debts. In case of a business failure, each member could lose only the amount he had invested. Again with Mrs. Vernon's help, Tom and Alex dissolved the partnership and drew up a plan for a corporation, Sports-world, Incorporated. The corporation was to represent a total investment of $90,000. Their financial records showed that the partnership was worth $60,000, so they needed to raise another $30,000.

Tom and Alex decided to divide the $90,000 into 9,000 shares, each with a value of $10. Based on the partnership agreement and the corpora-tion plans, they divided the 9,000 shares this way: (1) Tom received 4,000 shares worth $40,000; (2) Alex received 2,000 shares worth $20,000; and

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(3) they offered for sale 3,000 shares valued at $30,000.The information about the division of shares of stock and other in-

formation about the corporation was put in an application submitted to the state government. The application asked permission to operate as a corpor-ation. After approving the application, the sate issued a certificate of incor-poration authorizing the formation of Sportsworld, Inc.

Tom and Alex were no longer owners of the partnership. They had sold their partnership to the new corporation. In return they had received 6,000 shares of stock, or a part ownership amounting to $60,000. These 6,000 shares were divided in proportion to the investment in the former partnership. The 30,000 shares offered for sale were sold to the 30 people who had confidence in the new corporation. The corporation then had 32 different shareholders.

Tom and Alex called a meeting of the shareholders to elect officers, to make plans for operating a branch store, and to transact other business. Each shareholder had one vote for each share of stock that he owned. Since Tom and Alex together owned 6,000 of the 9,000 shares, they had enough votes to control the operation of the business

At the stockholders’ meeting, these people were elected as directors of the corporation: Greg Snyder, Constantine Raboly, Kenneth Voss, JoAnn McCline, Tomas Mahoney, Paulette McKenna and Alex Rubin. These seven people made up the board of directors. The board’s responsib-ility was to guide the corporation properly. The board’s first act was to elect the executive officers of the corporation. The directors elected Tom Mahoney as president, JoAnn McCline as vice-president, Kenneth Voss as secretary, and Alex Rubin as treasurer. As full-time employees, the officers receive regular salaries for managing the business.

At the end of a year, after all taxes were paid, the corporation had a net profit of $11,200. The board of directors voted to keep $4,000 of this in the business for expansion and to divide the other $7,200 among the stock-holders. Since the corporation had issued 9,000 shares, each of the 32 stockholders received 80 cents for each share of stock that he owned ($7,200 -н 9,000 = $.80). The part of the profits that each stockholder re-ceives is called a dividend. In addition to their salaries, Mahoney received $3,200 ($.80 x 4,000 shares), and Rubin received $1,600 ($.80 x 2,000 shares).

Second Listening

I – 4 III – 2 V – 4 VII – 3

II – 3 IV – 1 VI – 3

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p.23 Task 1

Hi. Here at Starbucks we manufacture coffee. Not just any coffee; we specialize in high-quality coffee, and we go all over the world to buy it. We sell the coffee in stores in the US and Canada - about 400 stores. Many of our stores are located on the West Coast, but we now also have stores in Washington DC, on the East Coast.

Our company is based in Seattle - that's where the head office is, and that's where our first stores were. Americans drink a lot of coffee. They are interested in quality, and that's why they drink our coffee. Our sales for this year are $285 million, and we have an annual growth rate of more than 75%.

The President of our company is Howard Schultz. Starbucks employs 660% of them part-time. All 6,000 employees are shareholders in the com-pany. That probably surprises you. You see, Mr Schultz's philosophy is this: the customer and the employee both come first. If our people are happy, they make the customers happy.

p.18 Task 2 I'd just like to tell you something about how ICL is organized. As

you know, we are now a subsidiary of Fujitsu, which is an 82% shareholder in our company. That, of course, is why you are here today, and we are very pleased to meet you all.

ICL employs a total of 24,000 people. Following our reorganization, the group now consists of 29 autonomous companies, each with its own Managing Director. ICL Group is divided into three operating divisions. The first is Industry Systems. This is the division which produces business solutions — software — for ICL's customers. The second is Technology, which manufactures computers and components. The third division is ICL Services, which sells computer services, like maintenance and training.

ICL was one of the first computer companies in the world to start producing different software products for specific markets. We now oper-ate in six different target markets: firstly retail: that's shops, supermarkets and so on; then financial services; local and central government; health-care; manufacturing; and finally, travel and transport.

Does anybody have any questions at this point?

p.25 Task 5

1 The company was incorpor-ated in 1924, and we manufacture mainframe computers, personal computers, networking products and

4 We have more than 50 over-seas subsidiaries and affiliates in the Americas, Europe, and Asia.

5 Our company was founded

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system software2 The company was founded

in 1916, and we now have around 80,000 employees.

3 Our short brand name also appears on the majority of sailboards sold in the U.S. and Canada.

in 1937. and our main R&D centers are located in Japan, Thailand, the U.S., and Belgium.

6 We're a privately-owned company based in Italy, and have over 6,000. Right now, we're con-centrating on the Eastern European and Asian markets.

p.25 Task 7

Directors and Managers

As a rule a private company has only one director. A public com-pany must have at least two directors. Usually there is no upper limit on the number of directors a public company may have. The company's note-paper must list either all or none of the names of its directors. A limited liability company or a corporation is headed by the board of directors elected by shareholders. The directors appoint one of their, number to the position of managing director to be in charge of the day-to-day run-ning of the company. In large organizations managing director is often assisted by a general manager. Some companies also have assistant general managers. Many directors have deputies who are named deputy directors. Directors need not be shareholders. They are responsible for the manage-ment of a company's affairs. They are not subject to any residence or na-tionality restrictions. Big companies have many managers heading depart-ments. They are all responsible to the managing director. Among vari-ous departmental managers the following can be mentioned:

- sales manager- personnel manager- chief manager- district manager- sales and marketing manager- industrial engineering manager etc.

Secretaries

There are two types of secretaries: company secretaries and private secretaries of executives.

Every company, both in Great Britain and the United States, is re-quired, under the law, to have a company secretary.

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In the case of private companies the directors are free to appoint any suitable person for this position. But in the case of public companies the company secretary must be a properly qualified person, a member of a re-cognised institute or association. He or she may be one of the directors of the company. But if the company has only one director, the director cannot also be the secretary.

The company secretary is the chief administrative officer of the com-pany. He or she is normally responsible for the company, to comply with company law. The correspondence of the company secretary is particularly concerned with shareholders' meetings, board meetings and various forms that must be sent outside. The company secretary may also deal with en-quiries for information concerning other firms, although the accounts de-partment often handles these matters. Administrative questions come into the sphere of the company secretary, under instructions of the board of dir-ectors.

As to private secretaries of executives they are practically personal assistants of executives. A secretary answers telephone calls, receives mes-sages and makes telephone calls on the instruction of her boss.

A secretary also helps in organization of meetings and conferences, entertainments of visiting customers, suppliers and other associates of the firm. She also deals with all the correspondence of her boss.

Secretaries write letters on making appointments or travel arrange-ments, letters of introduction, congratulation or condolence, invitations and replies to invitations. Secretaries use various office equipment, like mi-crocomputers, fax machines, photocopying machines and others.

p.27 Task 9

Catering – provides mealsCustoms Services – deal with after-sales service and com-

plaintsDispatch and Distributions – sends goods out to customersFinance – deals with money coming in and going out of the com-

pany Health and Safety – checks for dangers at work, monitors

healthMaintenance – checks equipment regularly, carries out reportsMarketing – makes sure that products are widely known, finds

out customers’ needsPersonnel – deals with training, recruitment, staff problemsPR (Public Relations) – talks to journalists, presents the com-

pany to the public

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Production – produces goodsR &D (Research and Development) – develops new

products and new ideasReception – deals with visitors, takes messagesQuality control – monitors company products, tries to improve

their qualitySales – sells goods, contacts customers, deals with inquiries about

productsSecurity – protects staff and property against crimeSwitchboard – deals with telephone calls in and out of the com-

pany

p31 Task15

- Good morning, gentlemen! How are you getting along?- Fine, thanks. And how are you getting on?- Very well, thank you. - Let me tell you about our company. As you know, Mrs. Kli-

menko, we produce process equipment. Our firm consists of 6 departments: Production, Sales, Export, Financial, Personnel and Research& Develop-ment. The last one is the newest at the company. It was created five years ago.

- According to your legal status, are you a PLC?- Right we are… Our management is the Meeting of shareholders

and the Board of directors. Earlier the Chairman of the Company was one of the senior partners, but now it is Mr. Rogers, as you know. Currently we employ about 1,600 people. Our turnover is more than 300 million.

- You will work with our Export Department. We export our equip-ment to 5 countries all over the world. Besides, we have two daughter com-panies in Holland and Germany with headquarters in those countries.

- Are they tour subsidiaries or branches?- They are subsidiaries. Each company trades under its own name.

But we are looking for new partners in Eastern Europe as well. We would like to expand our activity. So Mrs. Cartwright went to Moscow to estab-lish personal contacts with your company. Before we knew it only by cor-respondence.

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Contents

Introduction 31 Types of Business activity 42 Takeover and Merger 193 Company structure 30

Literature 42Appendix A VocabularyAppendix B Tape scripts and keys

4361

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