IoT Landscape Challenges and Solution Approaches ... IoT...in demand-driven Large Scale IoT Pilots...

IoT Landscape Challenges and Solution Approaches

Standardized platforms and architectures providing interoperability

Presented by Joachim Koss for Delta Technology Day: Internet of Things, Hørsholm, DenmarkETSI STF 505-IoT Leader 30 August 2016

2 © JK Consulting & Projects 2016. All rights reserved

The views expressed in this presentation are purely those

of the author and may not, in any circumstances, be

interpreted as stating an official position of ETSI and the

Specialist Task Force on IoT (STF505).

Acknowledgement


• Setting the scene

• European Commission IoT involvement

• Alliance for Internet of Things Innovation (AIOTI)

• ETSI Specialist Task Force on IoT (STF505)

• Technical Report on IoT standards landscape

• Technical Report on IoT standards gap analysis

• Take away

Outline


Devices of Daily Life


Internet of Things (IoT)Networked Devices (Physical Entities)


What for? Some Use Cases

Source: sensinov


The Internet Evolution

Source: [3]


• Definition of “Thing”In the context of "Internet of Things" the word "thing" refers to a physical or virtual entitythat exists and moves in space and time and is capable of being identified. It is not, in that respect, restricted to material things but can apply to virtual things and the events that are connected to them. Things are commonly identified either by assigned identificationnumbers, names and/or location addresses.In the context of “Internet of Things” a “thing” is defined as an entity which may have the following characteristics:- Physical , or- Non-physical, or- Virtual

• Such “things” may be associated with “attributes” which may be permanent or transient: together the “thing and its “attributes” can be described as an “object” whose “persona” may change as the object travels through space and time (events). A “thing” may exist in more than one object at any time.

• “Attributes” may also be “things” either in other objects, or by taking over the role of “thing” in the object as the object travels through space and time (multiple personae).

What is a “Thing“?


The IoT Complexity


Deploying an IoT service today is a complex exercise

The IoT Deployment

and is not a mature

business….

So solutions,

approaches and

expertize are not

consolidated

IoT


• Less than 1% of objects are currently connected to the Internet

• The number of IoT connections within the EU is estimated to increase from approximately 1.8 million in 2013 to almost 6 billion in 2020, leading to the EU IoT market being higher than one trillion euros by 2020.

• Europe's future digital industrial strengths will depend on the capacity of its industry to seize the opportunities coming from the wider diffusion of digital innovation across sectors

Expectations from the IoT

• Solving economic challenges

• Solving societal challenges

• Reducing consumption of resources and energy

• Increasing efficiency in processes

• Objects making decisions on their own to simplify our everyday life


• Barcelona's Energy-Saving Smart Streetlights:sensors are installed in streetlights, enabling automatic control of brightness by analysing the levels of noise, air pollution, and population density. Result: at least 30% energy savings per year

• UK’s Intelligent Transport System that Reduces Traffic Congestion:UK built an responsive transport system on the M42 motorway and reduced travel time by 25% and traffic accidents by 50%

• In the Netherlands, IoT based solutions supporting health monitoring and independent living at home for people with multiple chronic conditions have demonstrated efficiency gains of care efforts of more than 20%

Examples of Economic Benefits through IoT


• Digital transformations are leading to radical changes in

companies' roles and beneficiaries throughout the value

chain

• Many companies are still cautious when it comes to the IoT implementation as it may involve radical structural

changes and radical shift in value creation

• Lack of common standards and interoperable solutions

throughout the products and services life cycles

Interoperability will be essential for the deployment of the

IoT and for ensuring seamless flow of data across sectors

and value chains

Major Challenges for the Implementation of the IoT


• Council Decision of 3 December 2013 (2013/743/EU),

establishing the Specific Programme implementing

Horizon 2020, states in §1.1.3 as part of the identified

activities:

• "The objective is to reinforce the competitiveness of

European industry in developing, mastering and shaping

the next generation Internet that will gradually replace and surpass the current Web, fixed and mobile networks

and service infrastructures, and enable the

interconnection of trillions of devices across multiple operators and domains that will change the way we

communicate, access and use knowledge"

European Commission – The IoT Mandate


• The Internet of Things (IoT) is a dynamic global network

infrastructure with self-configuring capabilities based on

standard and interoperable communication protocols

where physical and virtual "things' have identities, physical attributes and virtual personalities and use

intelligent interfaces and are seamlessly integrated into

the information network.

• The IoT starts from a connected device, while at the

same time IoT is based on an architecture that

recognises devices and organises their interactions

IoT – European Commission View


• A functioning single market for the IoT is key for

achieving a large uptake of the IoT in Europe

(DSM – Digital Single Market)

• Ensure that IoT devices and services are able to connect seamlessly and on a plug-and-play basis anywhere in

the EU and scale up without obstacles through national

borders

• Focused standardisation effort on the delivery of reference architectures in order to mastering all the key

elements of the technology and value chain and their

integration into horizontal platforms

European Commission:Digital Single Market Strategy for Europe


Building Blocks of ICT Standard Setting

Source: [1]


• Goal:

Support the emergence of an eco-system capable of

delivering the Internet of Things.

• Actions:

– Building of multidisciplinary communities (including start-ups) supporting a holistic platform usage approach;

– Research & Develoment and Innovation on technologies and architectures for the development of IoT ecosystems supporting versatile service and object connectivity platforms;

– Validation of IoT technologies and approaches through Large Scale innovation Pilots (LSPs);

– Identification of required standards in support of global deployments and interoperability.

European Commission Goals and Actions


• Commission has created a dedicated Focus Area on IoT

as part of its Work Programme 2016-17 under Horizon

2020

• Invest more than 100 M€ in demand-driven Large Scale IoT Pilots and lighthouse initiatives in areas such as

smart cities and homes, smart living environments for

ageing well, driverless cars, wearables, agro-food or manufacturing

• LSPs will lead to technology integration and also to

validation of business models and standards

Large Scale Pilots (LSPs) in Horizon 2020


• Support the developers community accelerating the

development of IoT

• Transfer the competition from integration and platforms

to services unlocking the market

• Enable inter-technology and inter-domain data sharing generating new services and business opportunity

Role of Standardisation

• Reduce costs• Enlarge the market

• Enable real competition on services


Most of the relevant work on IoT related to standardisation

has been analysed

• by the Alliance for Internet of Things Innovation (AIOTI)

on a high level

• by ETSI Specialist Task Force on IoT (STF505)on a detailed level

IoT Standardisation Analysis


• The AIOTI was launched by the European Commission (EC) and various key IoT players in 2015. AIOTI is today the largest European IoT ecosystem.

• It was initiated in order to develop and support the dialogue and interaction among the IoT various players in Europe. The overall goal of the AlOTI is the creation of a dynamic European IoT ecosystem to unleash the potentials of the IoT

• The Alliance will also assist the EC in the preparation of future IoT research as well as innovation and standardisation policies

AIOTI


• WG01 – Internet of Things Applications

• WG02 – Innovation Ecosystems

• WG03 – IoT Standardisation

• WG04 – Policy Issues

• WG05 – Smart living environment for ageing well

• WG06 – Smart farming and food security

• WG07 – Wearables

• WG08 – Smart Cities

• WG09 – Smart Mobility

• WG11 – Smart Manufacturing

AIOTI Working Groups


Within the AIOTI its WG03 (IoT standardization) is a focus point of European engagement and steering in the standardization process.

• 270 Members, 400+ subscribers on exploder list

• Liaisons with 30+ SSOs

• In collaboration with other AIOTI Working Groups and STFs:

– Maintaining a view on the landscape of IoT standards-relevant activities being

driven by SDOs, Consortia, Alliances and OSS projects

– Providing a forum for analysis, discussion and alignment of strategic, cross-

domain, technical themes and shared concerns across landscape activities

– Developing recommendations and guidelines addressing those concerns

• The AIOTI WG3 has provided 3 key documents (http://bit.ly/1GtzJ5I)

– IoT High Level Architecture (HLA) that may be applicable to LSPs. The HLA

takes into account existing SDOs and alliances on architecture specifications

– IoT Semantic interoperability recommendations for IoT LSPs

– IoT Landscape and IoT Large Scale Pilots Standard Framework Concepts,

presenting the global dynamics and landscapes

AIOTI Working Group 3 – IoT Standardisation


AIOTI WG03 Engagement Model

Source: [5]


IoT SDOs and Alliances Landscape

Source: [4]


IoT SDOs and Alliances Landscape(Projection on Vertical and Horizontal Domains)

Source: [4]


IoT Connectivity

Range (extended)

Range (low)

Device cost (high)Bitrate (high)

WLAN(e.g. 802.11)

Native Low Power Wide-area Access

Device cost (low)Bitrate (low)

3GPP Cellular(GSM/LTE)

NB-IoT, CIoT, etc.

WPAN(e.g. 802.15.4, DECT

ULE)

Source AIOTI, modified from an ALU

contribution


IoT Cross-Domain Interoperability

BROAD ADOPTION

High volume, low ARPC, low TCONICHE VERTICALS

Low volumes, high ARPC, high TCO

• Devices and Applications are designed as “stove-pipes”

• Devices dedicated for single application use

• Solutions are closed and not scalable: duplication of dedicated infrastructure

• High development & delivery cost

• Devices and Applications are designed to collaborate across “clouds”

• Devices are used for multiple application purposes

• Devices and Applications offering continuously evolve

• Easy app development and device integration

through APIs and standard interfaces


AIOTI High Level ArchitectureFunctional Model, a three Layer Approach

Source: [6]


• IoT ArchitectureGuidelines and recommendations which contribute to the

consolidation of architectural frameworks, reference

architectures, and architectural styles

• IoT Semantic InteroperabilityGuidelines and recommendations which contribute to the

consolidation of semantic interoperability approaches IoT PrivacyGuidelines and recommendations regarding personal

data & personal data protection to the various categories of stakeholders

AIOTI WG3 Future Focus in the IoT Space


STF505 (https://portal.etsi.org/stf.aspx?tbid=595)

is a group of experts, funded by the European Commission under the rolling plan on ICT standardization in collaboration with the European Multi-Stakeholder Platform (MSP) and supported by ETSI, commissioned to provide

• an in-depth analysis of the current IoT standardization landscape

• an identification of the IoT standardization gaps and proposals on how to

address them in standardisation

• to develop supporting references for the LSPs that will be funded by the

Commission under the Horizon2020 IoT Focus Area and

• to foster dissemination work for the sustainable development of a global

community of stakeholders involved in the standardization of IoT

• to point towards actions that allow for the building of IoT ecosystems

ETSI Specialist Task Force on IoT


STF 505 - IoT Work Programme


Index of Technical Report on Landscape

Introduction

1 Scope

2 References

3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations

4 Overview of the IoT Standards Landscape

5 A Proposed Enterprise View of the IoT Framework

6 Common Standards Across Vertical Domains

0 Introduction

1 Communication and Connectivity

2 Integration/Interoperability

3 Application

4 Infrastructure

5 IoT Architecture

6 Devices and Sensor Technology

7 Security and Privacy

8 Conclusion

7 Smart Cities Landscape

8 Smart Living Landscape

9 Smart Farming Landscape

10 Smart Wearables Landscape

11 Smart Mobility Landscape

12 Smart Environment Landscape

13 Smart Manufacturing Landscape

14 Conclusions and Recommendations

Annex A: List of SDOs involved in IoT Standardization

TR 103375


• To analyse the status of current IoT standardisation

(requirements, architecture, protocols, tests etc.)

• To assess the degree of industry and vertical market fragmentation

• To point towards actions that can increase the

effectiveness of IoT standardisation, to improve interoperability, and to allow for the building of IoT

ecosystems

Essential Objectives of TR 103375


• Starting point:

AIOTI report on “IoT LSP Standard Framework Concepts”

• This report provides several ways of visualising the landscape in order to

simplify and facilitate the usage of the information in various IoT application

domains.

• This report expands on the AIOTI work by looking at details of the relevant

standards within the suggested AIOTI SDOs and more. The report also

expands on the standards by reviewing the scope of each of the standards

• Benefit of analysing the standards landscape: to suggest reusing existing

technology that can be used by the LSPs and also in so doing to identify

any gaps that may be needed which is the objective of another TR in this

study TR 103 376

• Some of the standards apply to specific verticals and some apply across

verticals. It’s not the focus of this TR to repeat the information but to make

the comparison clear and highlight its relevance to the particular vertical if

applicable

Overview of the IoT Standards Landscape


• Complexity with IoT comes from the fact that IoT intends to

support a number of different applications covering a wide

array of disciplines that are not all part of the ICT domain

• Many elements make up an IoT LSP. Its more than just the

technology

• Other relevant areas to be taken into consideration as

stakeholder views, regulatory aspects, which make up an

enterprise view

• Approach of the TR:

View the IoT framework as an enterprise architecture

comprising of the many parts that make an IoT framework

Proposed Enterprise View of the IoT Framework


Contents of Enterprise View

• Architecture Reference Model which will consist of an IoT architecture integrating all components that make up an IoT system

• IoT domain which will hold the view of what make up an IoT

• Standards Information Database which is the main study of this TR to hold any relevant standards that can be used

• Reference Library which will hold any re-useable information that can be used across the pilots

• Governance Repository which will house any policies, regulations that applies to any LSP

Proposed Enterprise View of the IoT Framework


• Communication and Connectivity knowledge area:Covers mainly specification of communication protocol layers, including PHY, MAC, NWK, Transport, Application layer, and their types, e.g. Wireless/Radio and Wire line

• Integration/Interoperability knowledge area:Covers mainly specification of common IoT features required to provide integration and interoperability

• Applications knowledge area:Covers the support of the applications lifecycle including development tools/models, deployment and management; including analytics, application supporting tools and application domain specific activities

AIOTI Knowledge Area 1/2


• Infrastructure knowledge area:Covers aspects related to the design, deployment, and management of computational platforms tailored to support IoT-based applications

• IoT Architecture knowledge area:Covers integrated/complete IoT specification solutions, including architecture descriptions

• Devices and sensor technology knowledge area:Covers mainly device/sensor lifecycles, including operating systems, platforms, configuration management, sensor/actuators virtualization etc.

• Security and Privacy knowledge area:Covers security and privacy topics

AIOTI Knowledge Area 2/2


Snap shot of Common Standards AcrossVertical Domains - Connectivity

SC: Smart CitiesSL: Smart LivingSF: Smart FarmingW: WearablesSMo: Smart MobilitySE: Smart EnvironmentSMa: Smart Manufacturing


Snap shot of Common Standards Across

Vertical Domains-Devices and Sensor Technology


• There are many connectivity and interoperability standards and specifications that are not IoT-specific. What is missing is the choice across verticals for one solution that allows for interoperability

• Recommendation to the LSPs: to adopt same solutions across the verticals, at least as much as possible adopt interoperable solutions amongst the different LSPs.

• Encourage the large SDOs/SSOs to strengthen collaboration and cooperation

• Encourage the development of education and dissemination material of IoT standards and specifications

• Regularly organize "progress report" events to advertise the progress made with IoT standards, specifications and Open Source towards the IoT Service Customers

Proposed Recommendations


Index of Technical Report on Gap Analysis

Introduction

1. Scope

2. References

3. Definitions, symbols and abbreviations

4. General Considerations

5. Gap Analysis in the context of Smart Cities

1. High level description and analysis

2. Mapping of requirements and related standards coverage

1. Communication and Connectivity Knowledge Area

2. Integration/Interoperability KA

3. Application Management KA

4. Infrastructure KA

5. IoT Architecture KA

6. Devices and Sensor Technology KA

7. Security and Privacy KA

3. Results of survey

4. Consolidated view of the gaps

6. Gap Analysis in the context of Smart Living

environments for ageing well

7. Gap Analysis in the context of Smart Farming

and Food Security

8. Gap Analysis in the context of Wearables

9. Gap Analysis in the context of Smart Mobility

10. Gap Analysis in the context of Smart Environment

11. Gap Analysis in the context of Smart Manufacturing

12. Cross IoT Platform Interoperability and Harmonization

13 Conclusions

Annex A: Feedback from Brussels AIOTI Meeting

on Nov. 2015

Annex B: ETSI STF 505 Gap Analysis Survey

TR 103376


• Nature of gaps

– Missing standards, missing APIs, duplications that would require harmonization,

technical interoperability profiles that would clarify the use cases

– Classified as: technical, business or societal(Security and privacy being considered as societal)

• Gaps identification methodology

– Survey to obtain inputs from the standardization and stakeholders community• 215 answers as of 30/06/2016

• Three main parts:

– Identify the domain of activity of the respondent;

– Understand what his/her objectives and main area of work are;

– Ask her/him to define up to three gaps, either technological, societal or business-related.

– STF experts analysis to expand on the current standards landscape• For each vertical, extract requirements from the AIOTI reports and other documentation

• Identify if SDOs/Alliances address the target requirement (using TR 103 375)

• Resolution of the gaps

– It is left to the proper organizations of the IoT community

– This is the aim of STF 505 dissemination

TR 103 376: Identification of Standards Gaps and Recommendations


• The survey is divided in three main parts:

– Domain of activity of the respondent: vertical domain, knowledge area;

– Areas of interests: objectives when using IoT, standards used

– Definition of up to three gaps, either technological, societal or business-

related.

Survey Overview


Overview of Answers


Overview of Answers (cont.)

First gap Second gap


• Input from the standardization and stakeholders

community

– Captured by a survey (with over 200 answers as of 15/06/2016).

TR 103 376: Identification of Security GapsThe Example of Smart Cities


• Expanded by STF 505 experts analysis on the current landscape

TR 103 376: Identification of Security GapsThe Example of Smart Cities


• IoT is an emerging technology that will connect objects/devices to the

Internet based on a dynamic global network infrastructure with self-

configuring capabilities

• IoT has innovation potential in many industrial sectors

• IoT has the potential to help address many societal challenges including

climate change, resource and energy efficiency and ageing

• IoT landscape is currently fragmented

• EU needs an open platform approach based on open standards

• Commission will foster an interoperable environment for the Internet of

Things, working with ESOs and international SDOs. This will develop

consensus under the umbrella of the Alliance of IoT innovation (AIOTI),

targeting reference architectures, protocols and interfaces, the promotion of

open application programming interfaces (APIs), support of innovation

activities related to reference implementations and experimentation and the

development of missing interoperability standards

Take-Away (1)


• Diversity allows evolution and innovation: combination of

services is the biggest opportunity for the future

• Fragmentation of solutions and technologies is delaying

and blocking the developments

Take-Away (2)

• Simplify the environment, removing the unnecessary duplicated solutions

(economy of scale)

• Preserve the necessary/opportune solution specialization by interworking


Take-Away (3)


• Efficient use of underlying networks => lower connectivity cost

• Abstracting out complexity => lower development cost

• Sharing of components and infrastructure => lower investments

• Use of same technology as in other verticals => synergies => lower cost

• Focus on business logic rather then connectivity, security, buffering etc.

• Expansion into other business cases due to High Level Architecture (HLA) implementation based on standardized platforms with horizontal nature of common layers

• Reduction of fragmentation due to … (see above)

• Interoperability will be essential for the deployment of the IoT and for ensuring seamless flow of data across sectors and value chains

Take-Away (4)

Contact Details:

Joachim Koss

JK Consulting & Projects

Email: [email protected]: +49 3379379092

Mobile: +49 15732100402


[1] COM(2016) 176: Communication from the Commission to the European parliament,

the council the European economic and social committee and the committee of the

regions, ICT Standardisation Priorities for the Digital Single Market, Brussels,

19.04.2016

[2] 2016 IERC book - Digitising the Industry Internet of Things Connecting the Physical,

Digital and Virtual Worlds, ISBN 978-87-93379-81-7

[3] SWD(2016) 110/2 - Commission Staff Working Document, Advancing the Internet of

Things in Europe, Brussels, 19.04.2016

[4] IoT LSP Standard Framework Concepts, Release 2.6, AIOTI WG03 – loT

Standardisation

[5] AIOTI WG03 - IoT Standardisation – Status report, AIOTI 3rd General Assembly,

Berlin, 30 May 2016

[6] AIOTI High Level Architecture, Workshop on "IoT Standardisation and Architecture“,

04 November 2015, Brussels

Sources

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