July 11, 2016 • Las Vegas
IoT Utility Day Digital Re-Invention Grid Modernization at Southern California Edison
Jeff Gooding IT Principal Manager – Enterprise Architecture
External factors drive transformative change…
• Falling costs of distributed generation • Advancement in demand-side technologies • Possible emergence of effective energy storage • Anticipated plug-in electric vehicle adoption rates
Technologies
• Ambitious environmental and renewable energy mandates • Federal and state incentives for alternative energy • Expectations about 3rd-party capabilities and technologies
Policies
• Concerns about future costs and reliability • Increasing self-generation • Interest in getting off the grid
Customers
• Consumer product and Internet companies • New energy service companies • Large integrators and defense contractors • Traditional energy technology vendors
Competition
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…resulting in fundamental changes
Grid stability thru rotational inertia
Reduced stability due to generation mix change
Dispatchable generation
Stochastic generation
Passive/predictable loads
Transactive loads
Human-in-the-loop grid management
Faster system dynamics by orders of magnitude
Rigid and centralized system control
Flexible and resilient distributed systems
CU
RR
ENT
EMER
GIN
G Drivers
• Policies • Technologies • Customers • Competition
3
Required Key Modern Grid Capabilities
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Monitor• RealTimeSitua,onal
Awareness• PowerQuality
Awareness• Distribu,onLoadFlow
Analysis
Op*mize• VoltageOp,miza,on• PowerFlow
Op,miza,ons• AdaptableProtec,on
Predict• ShorttermDER
Forecas,ng• LongTermDER
Forecas,ng• Con,ngencyAnalysis
Control• AutoCircuit
Reconfigura,on• DERDispatch• Micro-grid
Management
Grid Modernization at SCE
Objec*ves
• Deploy connected, intelligent sensors and devices across 3200 circuits and over 600 distribution substations
• Implement a next-generation distributed control system to manage and operate the grid
• Use advanced analytics and modeling to dynamically update optimization algorithms in the field and more efficiently plan and maintain the grid
• Enable plug & play DER integration capabilities Grid Moderniza,on will enable customers with DER to par,cipate
in maintaining the reliability of the electric grid and make their investments in new energy technologies more valuable
• Increasingly fragile grid reduces time to respond to events • Regulatory pace may not match solution readiness • Energy technology to impact reliability may not be under direct control • Grid must be hardened against cyber threats and attacks • Optimization and stability algorithms must adapt to changing customer and
device behaviors • Modern grid must be affordable and align economic interests of DER
owners and infrastructure providers to infrastructure needs of society
Current Grid Modernization Challenges
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Modern grid architecture principles
• Ensure public and workforce safety, reliability and affordability • Be flexible enough to accommodate future requirements through software-
centric designs, common services and layered architecture patterns • Adhere to standards-based connectivity (end-to-end IP), security, protocols and
application specific profiles • Use common semantic models, well-defined systems of record and modern
integration practices • Use common user interface frameworks for all applications • Accommodate legacy grid equipment and protocols through gateways and
virtualization • Security is end-to-end and designed in to the architecture from the start • Shall use distributed control and event-driven architectures
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Modern Grid System-of-Systems Overview
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• Unified platform • Service-based architecture • Integrated set of operational functions • Distributed intelligence / edge
computing • Multi-objective control: reliability,
optimization, economic • Well defined interfaces to promote
interoperability • Single source of truth (Systems of
record & interaction)
Systems-of-systems characteristics
Grid characterized by increasingly complex systems that are network-centric, real-time, cyber-physical-social systems
• Thousands of platforms, operators, users supporting millions of sensors, decision nodes, actuators and customers
• Connected through heterogeneous wired and wireless networks
• Operating in a dynamic and ever evolving threat environment
Adapted from: SEI Ultra-Large Systems Study
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Develop distributed control & optimization diversity capabilities in DER integration
• Scalability & Flexibility – Communications – Computation – Dynamic topology – Available measurements
• Economic incentive variations • Reliability (hierarchal system design) • Security & trust engineering
Modern grid control considerations
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Modern grid information management
• Make Data Assets Available to the Enterprise: – Use metadata to describe and advertise data assets – Create data asset catalogs and organize by community-
defined structure – Post data assets to shared space for Enterprise users
• Make System Data / Processes Available to the Enterprise:
– Define and register format and semantics of system data and processes
– Provide reusable/easy-to-call access services to make system data and processes available to the Enterprise
Makedatavisible
Makedataaccessible
Enabledatatobeunderstandable
Enabledatatobetrusted
Enabledatainteroperability
To make the right decisions at the right time
Goals: Actions:
Courtesy DOD office of CIO 12
Transforming Substations into Intelligent Hubs
Common Substation Platform: • Server-grade redundancy in the substation
• High availability, high capacity computing platform
• Centralized management of software/firmware
• Provides cyber-security / network segmentations
• Supports de-centralized control applications
• IT & OT device access and mgmt
Next Generation Substation Automation: • Open, non-proprietary communications standard,
IoT protocols
• Process bus • Remote management and diagnostics of
equipment • Data beyond SCADA: predictive maintenance
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Distributing controls across a network-centric modern grid System-of-Systems
Proof of Concept underway: • IoT based - field message bus
• Machine to machine automated dispatch
• Distributed DER control coordination
• End to end centralized model –integration
• 3rd party DER aggregator integration
Broker
Opera*on
CIM/HTTP,JMS
Integration Application
USDB
TSDBDMS DERApps Apps
FieldAgentMgr. Asset
Internet
PV
storage
Flex load
DR/DERAggregator
DMZ
Wifi(<500m),900MHz(>500m)
IEC61850
DFB Broker
Distributed Field Bus (DFB)
CIM4G/LTE
U*lityBackOffice
Wifi
Micro-Grid Facility
900MHz
Capa
citor
Storage
Solar
§ Pup/Subdataexch.§ <1mile:200ms-1Sec§ >1mile:1sec–1min
Optimizer Application
VirtualPCCw/measurement
EPMController Invertor
DNP3
Field Agent
InvertorDNP3
Field Agent
InvertorControllerDNP3
Field Agent
DNP3
Field Agent
SEP2
Field Agent
Invertor900MHz 900MHz 900MHz 900MHz
MQTT
EC61850
DDS
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