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8/3/2019 Iowa; Rainscape Iowa - Black Hawk Soil & Water Conservation District
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Rainscape Iowa
Phil Schuppert
Watershed Conservationist
Black Hawk SWCD
Black Hawk Soil & Water
Conservation District
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Dry Run Creek Watershed
Improvement Project
Land Use:
Urban and Rural
~ 35% urban (5250 ac.)
85% of Cedar Falls, IA
Remaining 65%
rural
agricultural
15,177 acre
watershed
Approximately 24.5miles of stream
Rural, residential,industrial and
commercial areas
West Branch
Southwest Branch
East Branch
University Branch
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Dry Run Creek Watershed
Improvement Project
2008 Stressor Identification Study completedby the Iowa Department of Natural Resources
Three primary stressors were identified:
Hydrologic change and increased inputs from stormsewer systems
Sedimentation
Lack of micro/macro habitat
Secondary stressors included chloride, bacteria Additional impairment designation for
bacteria assigned in 2008
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Hydrology then and Now
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Hydrology then and Now
Rate at which water reaches the Stream has
increased
Porportion of rains which reach streams as
direct runoff has increased
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ag.ndsu.edu/news/newsreleases/2007/aug-30-2007/managing-subsurface-water-in-the-field-can-pay-off/2007-08-30.6385532532/image&imgrefurl=http://www.ag.ndsu.edu/news/newsreleases/2007/aug-30-2007/managing-subsurface-water-in-the-field-can-pay-off/&usg=__H4NDvVZ6YZVUaJncoo_2IFNpZEg=&h=673&w=919&sz=462&hl=en&start=3&um=1&itbs=1&tbnid=RY4ZdXrjgGqncM:&tbnh=108&tbnw=147&prev=/images?q=field+drainage+tile&um=1&hl=en&tbs=isch:1http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ag.ndsu.edu/news/newsreleases/2007/aug-30-2007/managing-subsurface-water-in-the-field-can-pay-off/2007-08-30.6385532532/image&imgrefurl=http://www.ag.ndsu.edu/news/newsreleases/2007/aug-30-2007/managing-subsurface-water-in-the-field-can-pay-off/&usg=__H4NDvVZ6YZVUaJncoo_2IFNpZEg=&h=673&w=919&sz=462&hl=en&start=3&um=1&itbs=1&tbnid=RY4ZdXrjgGqncM:&tbnh=108&tbnw=147&prev=/images?q=field+drainage+tile&um=1&hl=en&tbs=isch:1http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ag.ndsu.edu/news/newsreleases/2007/aug-30-2007/managing-subsurface-water-in-the-field-can-pay-off/2007-08-30.6385532532/image&imgrefurl=http://www.ag.ndsu.edu/news/newsreleases/2007/aug-30-2007/managing-subsurface-water-in-the-field-can-pay-off/&usg=__H4NDvVZ6YZVUaJncoo_2IFNpZEg=&h=673&w=919&sz=462&hl=en&start=3&um=1&itbs=1&tbnid=RY4ZdXrjgGqncM:&tbnh=108&tbnw=147&prev=/images?q=field+drainage+tile&um=1&hl=en&tbs=isch:1http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ag.ndsu.edu/news/newsreleases/2007/aug-30-2007/managing-subsurface-water-in-the-field-can-pay-off/2007-08-30.6385532532/image&imgrefurl=http://www.ag.ndsu.edu/news/newsreleases/2007/aug-30-2007/managing-subsurface-water-in-the-field-can-pay-off/&usg=__H4NDvVZ6YZVUaJncoo_2IFNpZEg=&h=673&w=919&sz=462&hl=en&start=3&um=1&itbs=1&tbnid=RY4ZdXrjgGqncM:&tbnh=108&tbnw=147&prev=/images?q=field+drainage+tile&um=1&hl=en&tbs=isch:18/3/2019 Iowa; Rainscape Iowa - Black Hawk Soil & Water Conservation District
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Hydrology: Then and Now
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Historic Hydrology
vs.
Modern Hydrology(the native ecosystem model)
50%0-10%
15%
55%
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Getting 10% more rain than we used to*.
More rain earlier in the year more runoff*.
Getting more days when it rains*. Getting more days with big rains* .
In 2007 17 days with more than 4 of rain**.
In 2008 10 days with more than 4 of rain**.
Average rainfall about equal between 07 & 08, withmost of 07s coming later in the year and themajority of 08s coming earlier in the year**.
*Dr. Gene Takle and Dr. Elywnn Taylor ISU
** Harry Hilliker, State Climatologist, IDALS
Weather Trends
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8/3/2019 Iowa; Rainscape Iowa - Black Hawk Soil & Water Conservation District
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Eastern Iowa Rainfall 1948 - 2004
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Water Quality Volume(WQv)
Runoff generated from a rainfall event that
is equal to or larger than 90%+ of annual
rainfall events (1.25).
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Infiltration Practices
Capturing and temporarily detaining water
On-site treatment
Infiltration based best management practices
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Permeable Pavement
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Bioretention Cell
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Raingardens
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Low Impact Development
Designing development with resources in
mind
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What is a raingarden?
Bowl shaped
depression used to
capture stormwater
runoff
Soil
ammendments?
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What is a Raingarden?
Are an infiltration based SW Mgt practice Are designed to handle runoff from frequent, small
rains that make up 90% of annual rainfall Are 7% to 20% the size of the impervious surface they
manage runoff from Are level from side to side and end to end Add beauty, habitat and interest to a yard Rely on healthy, intact soil profiles that have good
percolation rates
Reduce the volume of runoff and capture pollutantsthat otherwise go to streams, rivers, wetlands, lakes Restore hydrologic stability Stabilize stream flows and potentially reduce flooding
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Considerations:
Soil percolation rates
Site grade
Proximity to buildings
Locating a rain garden
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Soil Percolation Rates
Investigating your soils
Three Options
Lab Analysis
Ribbon Testing
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Soil Percolation Rate
Percolation Test
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Raingarden Design
Raingarden sizing
Dictated by the size of impervious surface
L X W = sq. ft.
Roof space
Driveways
Patios
Sidewalks
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Raingarden Design
What we know
Impervious surface
Soil Percolation Rates
1000 * =0.10 100 Square Feet
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Raingarden Design
Why is it important to follow these guidelines?
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Raingarden Design
Coming up with the Raingarden shape
100 square feet
10 ft. * 10 ft. = 100 sq. ft.
20 ft. * 5 ft. = 100 sq. ft.
34 ft. * 3 ft. = (roughly) 100 sq. ft.
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Raingarden Design
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Raingarden Design
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Building the Raingarden
Step 1:
Kill the existing vegetation
Remove the sod
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Building the Raingarden
Excavation
Cut and fill method
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Building the Raingarden
Inlets
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Building the Raingarden
Berm construction and outlets
Berm height
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Building a Raingarden
Mulching
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Building the Raingarden
What to plant
Natives!
Ordered chaos
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.dropseednursery.com/images/upload/Side%20Oats%20Gramma.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.dropseednursery.com/boutelouacurtipendula.html&usg=__SkH4BRriff1N772sMpi7x-bzPcU=&h=789&w=910&sz=57&hl=en&start=3&itbs=1&tbnid=BUWjXBEerqYYoM:&tbnh=127&tbnw=147&prev=/images?q=side+oats+grama&hl=en&gbv=2&tbs=isch:1http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.dropseednursery.com/images/upload/Side%20Oats%20Gramma.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.dropseednursery.com/boutelouacurtipendula.html&usg=__SkH4BRriff1N772sMpi7x-bzPcU=&h=789&w=910&sz=57&hl=en&start=3&itbs=1&tbnid=BUWjXBEerqYYoM:&tbnh=127&tbnw=147&prev=/images?q=side+oats+grama&hl=en&gbv=2&tbs=isch:1http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.dropseednursery.com/images/upload/Side%20Oats%20Gramma.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.dropseednursery.com/boutelouacurtipendula.html&usg=__SkH4BRriff1N772sMpi7x-bzPcU=&h=789&w=910&sz=57&hl=en&start=3&itbs=1&tbnid=BUWjXBEerqYYoM:&tbnh=127&tbnw=147&prev=/images?q=side+oats+grama&hl=en&gbv=2&tbs=isch:1http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.dropseednursery.com/images/upload/Side%20Oats%20Gramma.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.dropseednursery.com/boutelouacurtipendula.html&usg=__SkH4BRriff1N772sMpi7x-bzPcU=&h=789&w=910&sz=57&hl=en&start=3&itbs=1&tbnid=BUWjXBEerqYYoM:&tbnh=127&tbnw=147&prev=/images?q=side+oats+grama&hl=en&gbv=2&tbs=isch:1http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.dropseednursery.com/images/upload/Side%20Oats%20Gramma.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.dropseednursery.com/boutelouacurtipendula.html&usg=__SkH4BRriff1N772sMpi7x-bzPcU=&h=789&w=910&sz=57&hl=en&start=3&itbs=1&tbnid=BUWjXBEerqYYoM:&tbnh=127&tbnw=147&prev=/images?q=side+oats+grama&hl=en&gbv=2&tbs=isch:1http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.dropseednursery.com/images/upload/Side%20Oats%20Gramma.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.dropseednursery.com/boutelouacurtipendula.html&usg=__SkH4BRriff1N772sMpi7x-bzPcU=&h=789&w=910&sz=57&hl=en&start=3&itbs=1&tbnid=BUWjXBEerqYYoM:&tbnh=127&tbnw=147&prev=/images?q=side+oats+grama&hl=en&gbv=2&tbs=isch:1http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://grownative.org/images/details/DETA-3.jpg&imgrefurl=http://grownative.org/plants/info.asp?id=3&usg=__Bcuokw82dKIEBO4b52-QUDh2PyQ=&h=366&w=284&sz=167&hl=en&start=4&itbs=1&tbnid=Vy48ITYduHDkYM:&tbnh=122&tbnw=95&prev=/images?q=prairie+blazing+star&hl=en&gbv=2&tbs=isch:1http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://grownative.org/images/details/DETA-3.jpg&imgrefurl=http://grownative.org/plants/info.asp?id=3&usg=__Bcuokw82dKIEBO4b52-QUDh2PyQ=&h=366&w=284&sz=167&hl=en&start=4&itbs=1&tbnid=Vy48ITYduHDkYM:&tbnh=122&tbnw=95&prev=/images?q=prairie+blazing+star&hl=en&gbv=2&tbs=isch:1http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.okprairie.com/Images/Butterfly%20Milkweed.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.okprairie.com/Flowers.htm&usg=__BMCO2QQuPNdYOuyVKUz5CV1W71Q=&h=239&w=360&sz=60&hl=en&start=3&itbs=1&tbnid=a_kqROi--BBQEM:&tbnh=80&tbnw=121&prev=/images?q=butterfly+milkweed&hl=en&gbv=2&tbs=isch:1http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.dropseednursery.com/images/upload/Side%20Oats%20Gramma.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.dropseednursery.com/boutelouacurtipendula.html&usg=__SkH4BRriff1N772sMpi7x-bzPcU=&h=789&w=910&sz=57&hl=en&start=3&itbs=1&tbnid=BUWjXBEerqYYoM:&tbnh=127&tbnw=147&prev=/images?q=side+oats+grama&hl=en&gbv=2&tbs=isch:18/3/2019 Iowa; Rainscape Iowa - Black Hawk Soil & Water Conservation District
41/43
Whats this going to cost me?
Depends greatly on site
What to consider
Plants
Mulch
Compost
Sand
Professional services?
8/3/2019 Iowa; Rainscape Iowa - Black Hawk Soil & Water Conservation District
42/43
Maintaining your Raingarden
Weeding
Preventing erosion
Raking mulch
8/3/2019 Iowa; Rainscape Iowa - Black Hawk Soil & Water Conservation District
43/43
What if a raingarden wont work on
my land?