Ipea Brazil: The State of a Nation Project Overview Ipea Christian Vonbun and PauloTafner Christian...

ipea Brazil: The State of a Nation Project OverviewIpea Christian Vonbun and Paulo TafnerPresentation prepared for the visit to IDB on October, 2006.Instituto de Pesquisa Econmica AplicadaInstitute for Applied Economic Research

ipea Motivation and objectives;Dimensions of the analysis;Methodology;Previous Editions overview:2005 Edition;2006 Edition2007 Edition project;Brazil: The State of a Nation 2006 in focus.Instituto de Pesquisa Econmica AplicadaInstitute for Applied Economic ResearchBrazil: The State of a Nation Yearbook

ipea Motivation: To address the lack of relevant technical information concerning Brazilian developments reality and challenges, in order to enlighten its debate.Projects Objectives:- to supply a simple and discerning diagnosis about the economic, social and institutional status in Brazil.- to stimulate the debate on the sources of our fundamental problems and on the reflections about the possible solutions.Instituto de Pesquisa Econmica AplicadaInstitute for Applied Economic ResearchBrazil: The State of a Nation Yearbook

ipea Dimensions of the analysis:Economic growth;Productive complexity;Equality of opportunities;Institutional maturity;Public sector efficiency.Instituto de Pesquisa Econmica AplicadaInstitute for Applied Economic ResearchBrazil: The State of a Nation Yearbook

ipea Target readers:

Non-specialized educated public;- Researchers and Research Institutions; Civil society organizations, Lawmakers, Policy makers, Opinion makers. Instituto de Pesquisa Econmica AplicadaInstitute for Applied Economic ResearchBrazil: The State of a Nation Yearbook

ipea Instituto de Pesquisa Econmica AplicadaInstitute for Applied Economic ResearchBrazil: The State of a Nation YearbookMethodology: Choosing the theme

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President of IpeaResearchers and consultantsBoard of DirectorsTheme proposalsPre-selected themesFinal theme + avaluable contributionsPossible contributions to the themeExternal consultantsContracting after board approvalPossible contributions to the theme

ipea Instituto de Pesquisa Econmica AplicadaInstitute for Applied Economic ResearchBrazil: The State of a Nation YearbookMethodology: Chapters Base text

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Open seminarResearchers, consultantsand support staffNew versionsExternal debatersChapters Final versionsChapter coordinatorsSupport papersPrimary versionsdiscussionDiscussionNew inputsInternal seminar

ipea Instituto de Pesquisa Econmica AplicadaInstitute for Applied Economic ResearchBrazil: The State of a Nation YearbookMethodology: Final text

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ipea The 2005 Edition: Instituto de Pesquisa Econmica AplicadaInstitute for Applied Economic ResearchTheme: Development and social inclusion, highlighting the perspectives for Brazilian youth.

ipea Instituto de Pesquisa Econmica AplicadaEditors: Fernando Rezende and Paulo Tafner Chapters and Coordinators:1. Stability and Growth Rgis Bonelli2. Inovation and Competitiveness Eduardo Viotti, Mario Salerno and Joo Alberto De Negri 3. Poverty and Social Exclusion Hamilton Tolosa 4. Citizenship and Participation Wanderley Guilherme dos Santos and Argelina Cheibub Figueiredo 5. Territory and Nation Clelio Campolina Diniz 6. Amazon: development and sovereignity Bertha Becker 7. The State and the Federation Fabrcio Oliveira and Fernando Rezende8. Youth in Brazil Ricardo Paes de Barros, Mirela de Carvalho, Samuel Franco and Paulo Tafner The 2005 Edition

ipea Instituto de Pesquisa Econmica AplicadaInstitute for Applied Economic ResearchThe 2006 EditionTheme: Labor market, employment and informality.

ipea Instituto de Pesquisa Econmica AplicadaThe 2006 EditionEditor: Paulo Tafner Chapters and coordinators:The monetary effort and stability Roberto IglesiasDemography: recent demographic performance and perspectives Ana Amlia Camarano Education and formation of Brazilian labor force Cludio Moura CastroInstitutions, labor market and reform Edward AmadeoLabor market performance 1991-2005 Lauro RamosLabor Market, Technology and Innovation Fernanda De Negri Public Policies for Employment and Income Jos Celso Cardoso Brazilian Social Security System Milko Matijascic

ipea Instituto de Pesquisa Econmica AplicadaInstitute for Applied Economic ResearchThe 2007 Edition:Editor: Paulo TafnerTheme: The efficiency of the Brazilian Government- What must be accomplished to make Brazilian Government more efficient and more effective in providing public goods and services?Motivation: Brazil has one of the worlds highest tax burdens and a high public debt, but despite having improved a lot in the last decade, the provision of public services is insufficient and inadequate, specially for the poorest.

ipea Instituto de Pesquisa Econmica AplicadaInstitute for Applied Economic ResearchThe 2007 Edition:Main Objectives:- To supply a simple but discerning diagnosis of service delivery in Brazil; - To stimulate the debate about the governments inefficiency, effectiveness, and cost-cutting;- To draw a set of incentives, seeking to enhance services delivery in Brazil, and- To indicate institutional improvements, in order to increase the governments performance and to reinforce relationships of accountability among policymakers, providers and citizens.

ipea Instituto de Pesquisa Econmica AplicadaInstitute for Applied Economic ResearchThe State of a Nations main focal research axis:- Public service delivery efficiency:This axis focuses on aspects of services delivery such as: types of public service supply (direct, indirect or partnership), controlling and monitoring processes (centralized or decentralized) and the ways for social participation enlargement on determining and controlling delivery service;- Legal, judiciary and regulatory efficiencies:Focuses on institutions, like laws, regulations and the judicial system, as well as the enforcement capacity of the government;The 2007 Edition

ipea Instituto de Pesquisa Econmica AplicadaInstitute for Applied Economic ResearchThe State of a Nations main focal points (cont.):- Managerial and Administrative efficiency: Concerns the way the government allocates its resources. Special attention must be paid to the legal mechanisms that regulate the governments activities, mainly those related to the processes of goods and services acquisitions and to the administration of human resources;- Fiscal efficiency: Involves the quality of budget administration, the fiscal balance and how to improve the use of budgeting process in a strategic way for increasing quality and performance of the government. It also concerns the quality of taxes and its impact upon the economy.The 2007 Edition

ipea Institute for Applied Economic ResearchBRAZIL THE STATE OF A NATIONLabor Market, Employment and Informality 2006Christian Vonbun and Paulo TafnerOct, 2006Instituto de Pesquisa Econmica Aplicada

Between 1992 and 2004 the unemployment rate rose from 7.2% to 9.7%. The worst year was 1999: 10.4%. From 2001 to 2004 it stabilized, around 10%.In all regions but the South, the number of unemployed increased 80% (Brazil: 78.4%). In South it rose 50%. Largest expansions were in metropolitan regions (95,2%). Non-metropolitan regions experienced a 66.4% expansion. IntroductionBRAZIL THE STATE OF A NATIONLabor Market, Employment and Informality

Women were particularly affected by unemployment. Among them, it has grown 107.7%, reflecting an increase in their participation rate (42.4% in 1992 to 48,2% in 2004). In 2004, female unemployment was 13.5%, versus 7.9% for men.In that period, employed population grew by 28.5% to 78.7m. This is a net creation of 17.5m jobs.The increase in employed population was more concentrated in metropolitan areas than in non-metropolitan areas. IntroductionBRAZIL THE STATE OF A NATIONLabor Market, Employment and Informality

Industrial employment growth was shy, between 1992 and 2004, and moved to small and mid-sized cities.More then half the workforce is in the informal sector. Metropolitan informality rose from 38.3% to 44.1% (1992-2004) and non-metropolitan informality fell from 58.5% to 54.6%. So, the total degree of informality was mostly unchanged in this interval.In that 12 year period, informality hardly changed across the contrys five regions. It fell in C-W and grew in the SW. IntroductionBRAZIL THE STATE OF A NATIONLabor Market, Employment and Informality

IntroductionBRAZIL THE STATE OF A NATIONLabor Market, Employment and Informality

F1

Figura 1

Resultados do mercado de trabalhoSistema Educacional

Macroeconomia (demanda de bens e servios)Desempenho do mercado de trabalhoQualidade e quantidade da fora de trabalho

Funcionamento do mercado de trabalhoPadro Demogrfico

Instituies do mercado de trabalho, regulamentaes, intervenes

F2

Figura 2

PIA

PNEA

PEA

PEA Marginal

PEA Efetiva

Auto-consumo

Construo Prpria

OcupaoDesocupao

No-remunerado

Composio por:Composio por:

-Sexo-Sexo

-Idade-Idade

-Escolaridade-Escolaridade

-Posio na ocupao-Posio no Domiclio

-Setor de Atividade-Recorte Espacial

-Posio no Domiclio

-Recorte Espacial

F3

Figura 3

Populao

178,604,594

PIA

147,204,0660.8241896958

PEAPNEA

91,035,16456,168,9020.50970225320.6184283252

0.31448744260.3815716748

Fonte: Pnad/IBGE

F4

Figura 4

PEA IBGE

91,035,164

PEA Marginal

3,869,780

PEA Efetiva

87,165,384Auto Consumo

3,008,969

OcupadosDesocupadosConst. Prpria

78,693,9788,471,40666,021

No Remunerado

794,790

Fonte: Pnad/IBGE

F5

Figura 5

por Escolaridade

0-3 anos15,482,4660.197329587315,528,6500.197329587378,459,932

4-7 anos21,132,6160.269342777421,195,6550.2693427774234,046

8-10 anos13,645,7580.173920084513,686,4630.1739200845

11+ anos28,199,0920.359407550928,283,2100.3594075509

78,459,932178,693,978

por Posio no Domiclio

Chefe36,833,977

No Chefe41,860,001

Ocupadospor Posio na Ocupao

Total78,693,978Protegidos32,754,239

Homens46625902Sem carteira19,928,6740.5924964424

Mulheres32068076Conta Prpria18,015,3850.4075035576

N-Remunerado4,562,824

Empregadores3,430,993

por rea

Metropolitana24,844,4870.3157101424

N-Metrop.53,849,4910.6842898576

Fonte: Pnad/IBGE

F6

Figura 6

por Escolaridade

0-3 anos1080942.06.5

4-7 anos2288282.09.8

8-10 anos2270911.014.3

11+ anos2785093.09.0

Desempregadospor Faixa Etria

Total8,471,40610-14 anos184,944

Homens3,719,7417.415-24 anos4,084,720

Mulheres4,751,66512.925-49 anos3,666,111

50+ anos535,631

0.4390936994

0.5609063006


Chefe1,728,8596.5

No Chefe6,742,54711.1

por rea

Metropolitana3,865,0059.50.4562412662

N-Metrop.4,606,4019.90.5437587338

Fonte: Pnad/IBGE

F7

Figura 7

por Posio na Ocupao

Protegidos818.4

Sem carteira367.9

Conta Prpria579.2

Empregadores2243.8

Rendimento dos Ocupados

Total662.1

Homens765.3

Mulheres512.4

por Escolaridade

0-3 anos284.76

4-7 anos419.80

8-10 anos496.16

11+ anos1,139.73

Fonte: Pnad/IBGE

F8

Figura 8

Dimenso do Mercado de Trabalho Brasileiro em 2004

PIA

Total147,204,068

Homens70,795,918

Mulheres78,408,148

PNEA

Total56,168,904

Homens19,142,412PEA (definio IBGE)

Mulheres39,026,490N absolutosTx. Participao

Total91,035,16461.8%

Homens51,653,50673.0%

Mulheres39,381,65851.5%

PEA Marginal

Total3,869,780

PEA EfetivaHomens1,307,863

N absolutosTx. ParticipaoMulheres2,561,917

Total87,165,38459.2%

Homens50,345,64371.1%

Mulheres36,819,74148.2%Auto-consumo3,008,969

Construo prpria66,021

OcupadosDesempregados

Total78,693,978N absolutosTx. DesempregoNo-remunerado794,790

Homens48,625,902Total8,471,4069.7%

Mulheres32,068,076Homens3,719,7417.4%

Mulheres4,751,66512.9%

Posio na OcupaoFaixa EtriaFaixa Etria

Protegidos32,754,23910-14 anos1,092,844N absolutosTx. Desemprego

ESC19,928,67415-24 anos17,059,58210-14 anos184,94414.5%

Conta Prpria18,015,38525-49 anos47,305,61515-24 anos4,084,72019.3%

No-remunerados4,562,82450 anos ou +13,232,05825-49 anos3,666,1117.2%

Empregadores3,430,99350 anos ou +535,6313.9%

Escolaridade - anos completos

Setor de Atividade0-3 anos15,482,466Escolaridade - anos completos

Agricultura12,791,7894-7 anos21,132,616N absolutosTx. Desemprego

Indstria12,228,9088-10 anos13,645,7580-3 anos1,080,9426.5%

Construo5,193,80111 ou + anos28,199,0924-7 anos2,288,2829.8%

Comrcio14,403,4108-10 anos2,270,91114.3%

Servios17,164,108Posio no Domiclio11 ou + anos2,785,0939.0%

Adm. Pblica4,172,773Chefe36,833,977

Outras Atividades8,657,782No-chefe41,860,001Posio no Domiclio

N absolutosTx. Desemprego

Recorte EspacialChefe1,728,8594.5%

Metropolitana24,844,487No-chefe6,742,54713.9%

No-metropolitana53,849,491

Recorte Espacial


Metropolitana3,865,00513.5%

No-metropolitana4,606,4017.9%

Fonte: Pnad/IBGE

D1

Grfico 1: Evoluo da taxa de desemprego

AnoBrasil

19927.2

19936.8

1994

19956.7

19967.6

19978.5

19989.7

2000

199910.4

200110.1

20029.9

200310.5

20049.7

Fonte: Pnad/IBGE 1992 a 2994

G1

7.1960771537

6.8026581264

1994

6.6644889637

7.593453871

8.4566591915

9.7491344743

2000

10.4373104023

10.051471135

9.8680650618

10.4790711531

9.7187732231


Brasil

(%)

Grfico 1: Evoluo da Taxa de Desemprego

F9

Figura 9

F10

Figura 10

Estados do Mercado de Trabalho segundo dados de Pnads

AnoTaxa de ParticipaoTaxa de Desemprego

199261.56.5

199361.16.2

199561.36.1

199659.27.0

199760.17.8

199860.29.0

199961.09.6

200160.59.4

200261.39.2

200361.49.7

200461.89.0

T1

Tabela 1: Pessoas em Idade Ativa (PIA) e Pessoas Economicamente Ativas (PEA)

PIA1992199920012004Cresc. (% aa) 1992-1999Cresc. (% aa) 2001-200420022003

Brasil113,295,184133,172,799138,859,293147,204,0662.32.0141,760,950144,640,650

Metropolitano35,922,30942,305,67245,009,65947,690,9272.41.945,951,64146,907,360

Metropolitano "PME"30,418,33835,499,09237,015,64238,936,6622.21.737,688,49738,408,348

No-Metropolitano77,372,87590,867,12793,849,63499,513,1392.32.095,809,30997,733,290

Urbano54,439,38166,242,23673,592,36978,931,5382.82.475,438,70977,195,950

Rural22,933,49424,624,89120,257,26520,581,6011.00.520,370,60020,537,340

Grandes Regies

Norte4,829,9486,480,8377,631,1998,591,1234.34.07,891,6598,223,340

Nordeste32,093,30737,405,25538,461,23340,505,2102.21.739,199,86939,872,473

Sudeste51,061,58659,794,78861,817,88765,148,7632.31.863,005,81464,266,953

Sul17,799,21020,253,34721,226,91622,486,7621.91.921,666,20922,044,873

Centro-Oeste7,511,1339,238,5729,722,05810,472,2083.02.59,997,39910,233,011

PEA1992199920012004Cresc. (% aa) 1992-1999Cresc. (% aa) 2001-200420022003

Brasil65,977,19777,243,16680,346,97587,165,3842.32.883,050,25384,730,086

Metropolitano20,313,15224,460,82826,385,28028,709,4922.72.927,479,35427,709,505



Urbano31,168,36637,794,92742,058,27146,351,8602.83.343,506,36145,054,643

Rural14,495,67914,987,41111,903,42412,104,0320.50.612,064,53811,965,938

Grandes Regies

Norte2,719,5083,664,1764,203,2314,914,2594.45.34,474,7384,723,251

Nordeste18,314,01021,173,41321,088,85922,815,0272.12.721,849,94022,148,428

Sudeste29,146,29534,262,00636,057,69138,824,5232.32.537,221,12137,950,133

Sul11,226,81412,561,60813,084,12714,168,8771.62.713,429,53413,737,834

Centro-Oeste4,570,5705,581,9635,913,0676,442,6982.92.96,074,9206,170,440

Fonte: Pnads/IBGE 1992, 1999, 2001 e 2004.

* As seis regies metropolitanas pesquisadas pela PME so: So Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Belo Horizonte, Porto Alegre, Recife e Salvador. As demais que constam da PNAD so: Curitiba, Fortaleza, Belm e Braslia.

D2

Taxa de Participao por Sexo (%)

AnoFemininoMasculinoTotal

199242.3886384874.9752939758.23477633

199342.2440508874.4201553357.88149076

1994

199543.4388145773.6210050458.0890132

199642.2074970771.5130905056.39876432

199743.1154054672.2974072457.2701552

199843.6864126571.9065575657.3732071

199944.8726310571.9796244458.0022096

2000

200145.5718523571.0441224157.86215187

200246.6503510171.3981546858.58471815

200347.6718091970.8904826758.57971877

200448.1882390371.1137653459.21397851

Fonte: Pnad/IBGE, de 1992 a 2004.

G2

58.2347763374.9752939742.38863848

57.8814907674.4201553342.24405088

199419941994

58.089013273.6210050443.43881457

56.3987643271.513090542.20749707

57.270155272.2974072443.11540546

57.373207171.9065575643.68641265

58.002209671.9796244444.87263105

200020002000

57.8621518771.0441224145.57185235

58.5847181571.3981546846.65035101

58.5797187770.8904826747.67180919

59.2139785171.1137653448.18823903

Masculina

Total

Feminina

33 p.p.

23 p.p.


Total

Masculina

Feminina

Grfico 2: Taxa de Participao por Sexo

D3

Grfico 5: Taxa de Participao e Frequncia Escolar dos Jovens de 15 a 24 anos (%)

AnoTaxa de ParticipaoFrequencia Escolar

199265.2034.90

199364.3137.36

1994

199563.1340.90

199660.8642.61

199761.2244.59

199861.1147.26

199961.4248.67

2000

200160.0648.59

200261.2248.65

200360.8048.97

200461.9747.72


G3

65.20134.9

64.30737.36

19941994

63.13140.9

60.85842.61

61.22144.59

61.11447.26

61.41748.67

20002000

60.05848.59

61.21648.65

60.79948.97

61.9747.72

Fonte: Pnad/IBGE de 1992 a 2004.

Frequncia Escolar

Taxa de Participao

Taxa de Participao

Frequencia Escolar

(%)

Grfico 3: Taxa de Participao e Frequncia Escolar dos Jovens de 15 a 24 anos

D4


AnoBrasilMetropolitanoNo Metropolitano

199261.2318.3342.90

199362.3918.7343.66

1994

199565.3920.1445.24

199664.3019.9044.40

199765.5820.0445.54

199866.1420.2245.92

199969.1820.9548.23

2000

200172.2722.9549.32

200274.8523.7851.07

200375.8523.8052.05

200478.6924.8453.85




199261,229,42718,333,31342,896,114

199362,390,58418,727,81343,662,771

1994

199565,386,63020,144,69445,241,936

199664,299,68519,895,95544,403,730

199765,576,71720,035,36145,541,356

199866,139,77120,222,83545,916,936

199969,181,05720,947,45848,233,599

2000

200172,270,92222,952,64449,318,278

200274,854,80023,782,74951,072,051

200375,851,16023,797,64352,053,517

200478,693,97824,844,48753,849,491

Fonte: IBGE, PNAD de 1992 a 2004.

G4

61.22942718.33331342.896114

62.39058418.72781343.662771

199419941994

65.3866320.14469445.241936

64.29968519.89595544.40373

65.57671720.03536145.541356

66.13977120.22283545.916936

69.18105720.94745848.233599

200020002000

72.27092222.95264449.318278

74.854823.78274951.072051

75.8511623.79764352.053517

78.69397824.84448753.849491


Brasil

Metropolitano

No Metropolitano

Milhes

Grfico 4: Nvel de Ocupao (em milhes)Total, Metropolitano e No-Metropolitano - Pnad

T2

Tabela 2: Pessoas de 10 anos e mais de idade - Ocupadas

Ocupadas1992199920012004Cresc. (%aa) 1992-1999Cresc. (%aa) 2001-2004

Brasil61,229,42769,181,05772,270,92278,693,9781.802.90

Metropolitano18,333,31320,947,45822,952,64424,844,4871.902.70

Metropolitano"PME"15,414,07317,489,76618,819,14320,197,6881.802.40

No-Metropolitano42,896,11448,233,59949,318,27853,849,4911.703.00

Fonte: Pnads 1992, 1999, 2001 e 2004

* As seis regies metropolitanas pesquisadas pela PME so: So Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Belo Horizonte, Porto Alegre, Recife e Salvador. As demais que constam da Pnad so: Curitiba, Fortaleza, Belm e Braslia

T3

Tabela 3: Pessoas de 10 anos e mais de Idade Ocupadas e Desocupadas - Variaes Espaciais

Ocupados199220022004Dif. Absoluta (1992 - 2002)Cresc. (%) (1992 - 2002)Cresc. na Part.(pp) (1992 - 2002)Dif. Absoluta (1992 - 2004)Cresc. (%) (1992 - 2004)Cresc. na Part.(pp) (1992 - 2004)

Brasil61,229,42774,110,70978,693,97812,881,28221.0-17,464,55128.5-

Metropolitano18,333,31323,518,09424,844,4875,184,78128.31.796,511,17435.51.63

Metropolitano PME *15,414,07319,266,83620,197,6883,852,76325.00.824,783,61531.00.49

No-Metropolitano42,896,11450,592,61553,849,4917,696,50117.9-1.7910,953,37725.5-1.63

Urbano28,671,84338,949,78242,119,42010,277,93935.85.7313,447,57746.96.70

Rural14,224,27111,642,83311,730,0712,581,438-18.1-7.522,494,200-17.5-8.33

Grandes Regies

Norte2,478,8433,931,9384,461,4081,453,09558.61.261,982,56580.01.62

Nordeste17,052,16719,675,50820,512,5832,623,34115.4-1.303,460,41620.3-1.78

Sudeste26,803,74232,667,70034,558,3105,863,95821.90.307,754,56828.90.14

Sul10,631,17712,361,10213,271,1861,729,92516.3-0.682,640,00924.8-0.50

Centro-Oeste4,263,4985,474,4615,890,4911,210,96328.40.421,626,99338.20.52

Fonte: PNADs 1992, 2004.


T4

Tabela 4: Pessoas Ocupadas com 10 a 14 anos de idade

Ocupados:10 a 14 anosde idade199220012004Reduo mdia 1992-2001Reduo mdia 2001-2004

Brasil2,922,6661,471,7911,092,844161,208.3126,315.7

Metropolitano303,310163,603126,25215,523.012,450.3

Metropolitano "PME"228,206119,58992,54712,068.69,014.0

No-Metropolitano2,619,3561,308,188966,592145,685.3113,865.3

Urbano1,078,946606,711465,70852,470.647,001.0

Rural1,540,410701,477500,88493,214.866,864.3

Grandes Regies

Norte126,47376,71366,4375,528.93,425.3

Nordeste1,333,336770,552537,99562,531.677,519.0

Sudeste774,665327,845231,30449,646.732,180.3

Sul485,009205,031188,99631,108.75,345.0

Centro-Oeste203,18391,65068,11212,392.67,846.0

Fonte: Pnad/IBGE 1992, 2001 e 2004.


T5

Tabela 5: Ocupao na Indstria

Ocupados: Indstria1992199920012004Cresc. (% aa) 1992-1999Cresc. (% aa) 2001-200420022003

Brasil10,155,84910,151,49511,070,59312,228,908-0.03.411,175,44911,454,699

Metropolitano4,012,8343,530,4703,828,9984,042,348-1.81.83,844,8983,782,755

Metropolitano PME3,530,5133,010,2933,229,3403,357,949-2.31.33,239,8403,164,022


Fonte: Pnad/IBGE 1992, 1999, 2001 e 2004.

* As seis regies metropolitanas pesquisadas pela PME so: So Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Belo Horizonte, Porto Alegre,Recife e Salvador. As demais que constam da PNAD so: Curitiba, Fortaleza, Belm e Braslia.

T6

Tabela 6 - Ocupao na IndstriaPNADs de 1992 e 2004

Ocupados na Indstria199220022004Dif. Absoluta (1992 - 2002)Cresc. (%) (1992 - 2002)Cresc. na Part.(pp) (1992 - 2002)Dif. Absoluta (1992 - 2004)Cresc. (%) (1992 - 2004)Cresc. na Part.(pp) (1992 - 2004)

Brasil10,155,84911,061,33012,228,908905,4818.9-2,073,05920.4-

Metropolitano4,012,8343,802,0544,042,348-210,780-5.3-5.1429,5140.7-6.46

Metropolitano PME3,530,5133,206,6773,357,949-323,836-9.2-5.77172,564-4.9-7.30

No-Metropolitano6,143,0157,259,2768,186,5601,116,26118.25.142,043,54533.36.46

Urbano5,182,1856,542,9837,409,4651,360,79826.38.132,227,28043.09.56

Rural960,830716,293777,095-244,537-25.5-2.99183,735-19.1-3.11

RM de So Paulo1,901,4261,648,0971,679,202-253,329-13.3-3.82222,224-11.7-4.99

SP no-metropolitano1,499,2811,762,7872,109,591263,50617.61.17610,31040.72.49

Grandes Regies

Norte337,447511,184607,338173,73751.51.30269,89180.01.64

Nordeste1,826,0081,885,5822,075,62859,5743.3-0.93249,62013.7-1.01

Sudeste5,549,1665,749,9526,280,557200,7863.6-2.66731,39113.2-3.28

Sul1,978,6672,304,2792,609,410325,61216.51.35630,74331.91.86

Centro-Oeste464,561610,333655,975145,77231.40.94191,41441.20.79

Fonte: Pnad/IBGE 1992, 2004.

D5

Composio da Ocupao por Escolaridade (%)

Anode 0 a 3 anos11 ou mais anosCom interrupo

199235.619.5

199334.020.1Participao de ocupados por anos de estudo no total da ocupao

1994

199531.921.5

199629.523.1

199729.324.1

199828.025.5

199927.026.3

2000

200123.930.3

200222.432.3

200321.034.2

200419.935.9

Fonte: Pnad/IBGE de 1992 a 2004

Anode 0 a 3 anos11 ou mais anosSem interrupo


199334.020.1

199531.921.5

199629.523.1

199729.324.1

199828.025.5

199927.026.3

200123.930.3

200222.432.3

200321.034.2

200419.935.9

Fonte: Elaboarao prpria a partir da PNAD de 1992 a 2994

D5

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

0 a 3 anos

11 ou mais anos


0 a 3 anos

11 anos ou mais

%

Grfico 5: Composio da Ocupao por Escolaridade (%)

G5

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

0 a 3 anos

11 ou mais anos

em %

0 a 3 anos

11 anos ou mais

D6

35.611267101519.4504635451

34.027339089620.1029741158

19941994

31.861288728921.5021145074

29.504290513823.1348697292

29.261231915924.1182204686

28.020753198225.5009837193

27.003745352626.3067666717

20002000

23.947293787130.2946583125

22.415202870532.2777330198

20.971768941734.2345031782

19.935.940755085

0 a 3 anos

11 ou mais anos


0 a 3 anos

11 anos ou mais


G6

Grfico 6: Taxa de Desemprego (%)Total, Metropolitano e No-Metropolitano

AnosMetropolitanoNo MetropolitanoBrasil

19929.756.067.20

19939.555.576.80

1994

19958.325.916.66

19969.846.557.59

199711.587.018.46

199813.567.969.75

199914.368.6210.47

2000

200113.018.6110.05

200213.458.109.87

200314.128.7110.48

200413.467.889.72


T7

9.7465876.0615117.196077

9.5492085.572826.802658

199419941994

8.3244325.9058746.664489

9.8374396.5513477.593454

11.581117.0110488.456659

13.564167.9599759.749134

14.363258.61791910.4731

200020002000

13.009668.60502410.05147

13.45238.0956919.868065

14.11748.71100210.47907

13.462467.8801319.718773

Metropolitano

No Metropolitano

Brasil


Metropolitano

No Metropolitano

Brasil

(%)

Grfico 6: Taxa de Desemprego (%) Total, Metropolitano e No-Metropolitano

D7

Tabela 7: Composio dos Desempregados

Desempregados199220022004Dif. Absoluta (1992 - 2002)Cresc. (%) (1992 - 2002)Cresc. na Part.(pp) (1992 - 2002)Dif. Absoluta (1992 - 2004)Cresc. (%) (1992 - 2004)

Brasil4,747,7708,110,7658,471,4063,362,99570.8-3,723,63678.4

Metropolitano1,979,8393,655,5873,865,0051,675,74884.63.371,885,16695.2

Metropolitano PME1,685,0883,043,2973,239,9771,358,20980.62.031,554,88992.3

No-Metropolitano2,767,9314,455,1784,606,4011,687,24761.0-3.371,838,47066.4

Grandes Regies

Norte240,665471,748452,851231,08396.00.75212,18688.2

Nordeste1,261,8431,995,2892,302,444733,44658.1-1.981,040,60182.5

Sudeste2,342,5534,179,6234,266,2131,837,07078.42.191,923,66082.1

Sul595,637948,440897,691352,80359.2-0.85302,05450.7

Centro-Oeste307,072515,665552,207208,59367.9-0.11245,13579.8

Mulheres2,288,2644,330,5234,751,6652,042,25989.25-2,463,401107.7

Metropolitano954,3111,972,9202,153,7151,018,609106.743.851,199,404125.7

Metropolitano "PME"810,6351,647,5151,804,375836,880103.242.62993,740122.6


Chefes de Domiclio973,8641,713,4301,728,859739,56675.94-754,99577.5

Metropolitano409,288806,515808,131397,22797.055.04398,84397.4

Metropolitano "PME"350,602679,702651,450329,10093.873.67300,84885.8

No-Metropolitano564,576906,915920,728342,33960.64-5.04356,15263.1

Fonte: IBGE/Pnad

G7

Grfico 7: Taxa de Informalidade (%)Total, Metropolitano e No-Metropolitano

AnosMetropolitanNon MetropolitanBrazil

199238.2558.5351.94

199339.3059.2052.71

1994

199540.7058.6052.65

199641.3658.1352.55

199741.6158.0652.67

199841.8458.4153.00

199943.7358.2553.53

2000

200144.5556.4352.45

200245.0256.3752.57

200344.0855.4451.69

200444.1354.6851.19


T8

38.2541157158.5317092551.93833584

39.3007332259.2032611952.71230991

199419941994

40.6989278658.6021077852.65498639

41.3621261958.1301301752.55292595

41.6072650258.06308530552.66744635

41.8421085758.4094666852.99932607

43.734316258.2464967953.52991706

200020002000

44.5524178156.426408752.45369344

45.0218524456.365387252.56647935

44.0760262555.4430694551.68894542

44.1255156354.6794160251.18632391

Metropolitan

Non-Metropolitan

Brazil

Source: Pnad/IBGE.

Metropolitan

Non Metropolitan

Brazil

(%)

Degree of informality (%) - Total, Metropolitan and Non-Metropolitan

D8

Tabela 8: Grau de informalidade: Anos e Recortes Selecionados (em %)

1992199920012004

Brasil51.953.552.551.2

Setor

Indstria

Total33.036.535.333.9

Metropolitano24.031.232.632.8

No metropolitano39.039.336.834.5

Servios

Total53.551.252.752.4



Comrcio

Total57.757.655.553.5



Agricultura

Total81.680.680.278.5

Grandes Regies

Norte59.762.361.859.9

Nordeste68.669.267.866.7

Sudeste42.745.944.844.0

Sul47.447.246.844.7

Centro-Oeste57.655.054.051.6

Fonte: IBGE, Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domiclios de 1992, 1999, 2001 e 2004.

Grau de informalidade: (sc + cp) / ( sc + cp + cc + emp)

G8

Grfico 8: Rendimento Mdio do trabalho principal dos ocupados (em R$ de 2004) - Total, Metropolitano e No-Metropolitano


1992870.70472.25591.56

1993915.88488.21616.46

1994

19951,121.09592.00753.95

19961,164.93621.62788.61

19971,160.16617.22781.69

19981,165.08609.74777.41

19991,044.13578.65717.65

2000

20011,015.16589.78723.00

2002979.24576.24702.71

2003891.64552.88657.62

2004884.81562.03662.05


T9

591.561870.7472.25

616.462915.88488.21

199419941994

753.9541121.09592

788.6081164.93621.62

781.6941160.16617.22

777.4091165.08609.74

717.6541044.13578.65

200020002000

723.0041015.16589.78

702.705979.24576.24

657.619891.64552.88

662.05884.81562.03


Brasil

No-Metropolitano

Metropolitano

Brasil

Metropolitano

No Metropolitano

Rendimento Mdio do Trabalho Principal dos Ocupados (em reais de 2004)Total, Metropolitano e No-Metropolitano - PNAD

D9

Tabela 9: Rendimento Mdio do Trabalho Principal - Posio na Ocupao(R$ de setembro de 2004)

1993199619982004

Brasil616.5788.6777.4662.1

Conta prpria599.3821.8716.4579.2

Protegidos835.3961.8984.1818.4

Sem carteira280.2402.4416.1367.9

Metropolitano915.91,164.91,165.1884.8

Conta prpria841.11,227.41,079.9771.3

Protegidos994.21,183.51,211.4985.3

Sem carteira434.8600.5651.5499.3

No Metropolitano488.2621.6609.7562.0

Conta prpria517.1679.1590.8505.6

Protegidos716.5804.1827.7715.6

Sem carteira232.6332.7336.6316.2

Fonte: Pnads 1992 a 2004

G9

AnoGini per capitaGiniindividual

19950.6020.557

19960.6000.553

19970.6030.551

19980.6010.547

19990.5950.538

2000

20010.5990.540

20020.5960.539

20030.5910.530

20040.5830.523


D10

0.601640.55709

0.599510.55283

0.602740.55134

0.600720.54701

0.594790.53776

20002000

0.599160.53973

0.59620.539

0.591350.52959

0.582760.52348


Gini per capita

Gini - Individual

Grafico 9: Desigualdade de Rendimentos do Trabalho - Coeficiente de Gini

G10

Grfico 10: Crescimento da Produtividade Total dos Fatores Agregada - 1971/97

AnoPFT*

7119714.00

7219723.68

7319733.48

7419741.90

7519750.77

7619761.22

7719771.43

7819781.58

7919791.71

8019802.25

8119810.90

8219821.12

8319831.24

8419842.04

8519850.59

8619861.59

8719870.68

8819880.86

8919890.41

9019900.77

9119912.28

9219922.08

9319931.98

9419942.47

9519952.62

9619962.32

9719970.84

T-A1

4

3.68

3.48

1.9

0.77

1.22

1.43

1.58

1.71

2.25

0.9

1.12

1.24

2.04

0.59

1.59

0.68

0.86

0.41

0.77

2.28

2.08

1.98

2.47

2.62

2.32

0.84

(%)


T-A2

Tabela A.1- Evoluo do Nvel e Composio do Emprego segundo Caractersticas Selecionadas

OcupadosDesocupados

199220022004Cresc.(1992-2002)(%)Cresc.(1992-2004)(%)199220022004Cresc.(1992-2002)(%)Cresc.(1992-2004)(%)

Total61,229,42774,854,80078,693,97822.328.54,747,7708,195,4538,471,40672.678.4

Gnero

Homem38,846,50644,990,07146,625,90215.820.02,459,5063,819,6513,719,74155.351.2

Mulher22,382,92129,864,72932,068,07633.443.32,288,2644,375,8024,751,66591.2107.7

Grupos de idade

10 a 14 anos2,922,6661,370,4811,092,844-53.1-62.6344,023239,393184,944-30.4-46.2

15 a 24 anos15,743,25216,775,14517,059,5826.68.42,279,7333,912,0044,084,72071.679.2

25 a 49 anos33,780,25244,530,10247,305,61531.840.01,906,7953,501,1093,666,11183.692.3

50 anos e mais8,779,44912,168,10013,232,05838.650.7217,219542,947535,631150.0146.6

Anos de estudo

0 a 3 anos21,752,87416,707,81515,482,466-23.2-28.81,145,5651,199,2221,080,9424.7-5.6

4 a 7 anos19,767,55821,463,08421,132,6168.66.91,931,3782,494,9202,288,28229.218.5

8 a 10 anos7,682,64512,307,83713,645,75860.277.6878,8342,051,8452,270,911133.5158.4

11 anos e mais11,881,16924,059,13528,199,092102.5137.3770,6812,396,1152,785,093210.9261.4

Posio no domiclio

Chefe27,942,54535,047,54536,833,97725.431.8973,8641,731,2441,728,85977.877.5

Outros moradores33,286,88239,807,25541,860,00119.625.83,773,9066,464,2096,742,54771.378.7

Posio na ocupao

Trabalhador protegido24,018,94729,790,87232,754,23924.036.4-----

Trabalhador sem carteira de trabalho assinada14,400,41319,158,07019,928,67433.038.4-----

Conta prpria14,137,35717,570,90518,015,38524.327.4-----

Empregador2,399,3483,351,6293,430,99339.743.0-----

Trabalhador no remunerado6,247,5804,974,7014,562,824-20.4-27.0-----

Setor de Atividade

Agricultura14,912,83512,701,41712,791,789-14.8-14.2-----

Indstria10,155,84911,175,44912,228,90810.020.4-----

Construo4,040,1235,459,8335,193,80135.128.6-----

Comrcio9,696,80613,416,71914,403,41038.448.5-----

Administrao Pblica3,107,6863,869,0514,172,77324.534.3-----

Servios11,292,61316,226,46717,164,10843.752.0-----

Outras atividades7,798,81411,805,52012,518,85151.460.5-----

Fonte: Pnad/IBGE 1992, 2002 e 2004

T-A3

Tabela A2- Ocupadas por posio na ocupao (em milhes) - IBGE

199220012004Cresc. (% aa) 1992-2001Cresc. (% aa) 2001-2004

PIA113.30138.84147.202.32.0

PEA69.7183.9591.042.12.7

Taxa de Participao61.560.561.8-0.20.7

Taxa de Desemprego6.59.49.04.1-1.3

Ocupao Total65.4078.9682.822.11.6

Empregado e trabalhador domsticos38.5847.2352.682.33.7

Com carteira de trabalho assinada20.1223.9327.221.94.4

Militares e estaturios3.974.915.532.44.0

Outros sem carteira de trabalho assinada14.4618.3919.932.72.7

Empregado34.2241.2946.272.13.9




Trabalhador domstico4.365.946.423.52.6


Sem carteira de trabalho assinada3.594.394.752.32.7

Conta prpria14.2016.9718.022.02.0

Empregador2.413.213.433.32.2

No remunerado6.855.635.41-2.2-1.3

Trabalhador na produo para o prprio consumo3.212.903.18-1.13.1

Trabalhador na construo para o prprio uso0.160.150.10-0.5-12.6


Tabela A3: Rendimento Mdio do Trabalho Principal por Sexo e Escolaridade(R$ de setembro de 2004)

19921993199519961997199819992001200220032004

Total

Brasil592616754789782777718723703658662

Metropolitano8919161,1211,1651,1601,1651,044979979892885

No metropolitano472488592622617610579576576553562

Mulheres

Brasil404409525575566575540553542504512

Metropolitano624632783856860854803781767697704


Homens

Brasil701738893918912901829834809761765

Metropolitano1,0311,1041,3581,3801,3671,3861,2171,1911,1401,0421,028


0 a 3 anos de estudo

Brasil266263314336324314292301291281285

Metropolitano424403497559547513465439416382375



Brasil450449535550526510477456442413420

Metropolitano552542670692657640588545532484487



Brasil652636751761743702632600554510496

Metropolitano737706854872865809734678633576546


11 ou mais anos de estudo

Brasil1,3831,4811,7581,7231,7081,6681,5021,3941,3091,1691,140

Metropolitano1,6301,7712,1192,0722,0512,0441,7981,6841,5641,3721,339

No metropolitano1,1821,2401,4681,4431,4411,3801,2851,1821,1231,0261,002


From 1993 to 2004 there was an 8% gain in real income: A 15% rise in non-metropolitan areas;Small 3% contraction in metropolitan areas.Total increase due to informals gains. Protected workers income was stable. Self-employed lost.The difference between formal and informal workers income fell from 198% to 122% in the period. Though, its been rising since 2001.From 1998 to 2004 metropolitan labor income was reduced by more than 15%. In non-metropolitan areas, by 7%. IntroductionBRAZIL THE STATE OF A NATIONLabor Market, Employment and Informality

IntroductionBRAZIL THE STATE OF A NATIONLabor Market, Employment and Informality

F1

Figura 1

Resultados do mercado de trabalhoSistema Educacional

Macroeconomia (demanda de bens e servios)Desempenho do mercado de trabalhoQualidade e quantidade da fora de trabalho

Funcionamento do mercado de trabalhoPadro Demogrfico

Instituies do mercado de trabalho, regulamentaes, intervenes

F2

Figura 2

PIA

PNEA

PEA

PEA Marginal

PEA Efetiva

Auto-consumo

Construo Prpria

OcupaoDesocupao

No-remunerado


-Sexo-Sexo

-Idade-Idade




-Posio no Domiclio

-Recorte Espacial

F3

Figura 3

Populao

178,604,594

PIA

147,204,0660.8241896958

PEAPNEA

91,035,16456,168,9020.50970225320.6184283252

0.31448744260.3815716748

Fonte: Pnad/IBGE

F4

Figura 4

PEA IBGE

91,035,164

PEA Marginal

3,869,780

PEA Efetiva


3,008,969


78,693,9788,471,40666,021

No Remunerado

794,790

Fonte: Pnad/IBGE

F5

Figura 5

por Escolaridade

0-3 anos15,482,4660.197329587315,528,6500.197329587378,459,932

4-7 anos21,132,6160.269342777421,195,6550.2693427774234,046

8-10 anos13,645,7580.173920084513,686,4630.1739200845

11+ anos28,199,0920.359407550928,283,2100.3594075509

78,459,932178,693,978


Chefe36,833,977

No Chefe41,860,001







por rea

Metropolitana24,844,4870.3157101424

N-Metrop.53,849,4910.6842898576

Fonte: Pnad/IBGE

F6

Figura 6

por Escolaridade

0-3 anos1080942.06.5

4-7 anos2288282.09.8

8-10 anos2270911.014.3

11+ anos2785093.09.0


Total8,471,40610-14 anos184,944

Homens3,719,7417.415-24 anos4,084,720

Mulheres4,751,66512.925-49 anos3,666,111

50+ anos535,631

0.4390936994

0.5609063006


Chefe1,728,8596.5

No Chefe6,742,54711.1

por rea

Metropolitana3,865,0059.50.4562412662

N-Metrop.4,606,4019.90.5437587338

Fonte: Pnad/IBGE

F7

Figura 7

por Posio na Ocupao

Protegidos818.4

Sem carteira367.9

Conta Prpria579.2

Empregadores2243.8


Total662.1

Homens765.3

Mulheres512.4

por Escolaridade

0-3 anos284.76

4-7 anos419.80

8-10 anos496.16

11+ anos1,139.73

Fonte: Pnad/IBGE

F8

Figura 8


PIA

Total147,204,068

Homens70,795,918

Mulheres78,408,148

PNEA

Total56,168,904



Total91,035,16461.8%

Homens51,653,50673.0%

Mulheres39,381,65851.5%

PEA Marginal

Total3,869,780



Total87,165,38459.2%

Homens50,345,64371.1%





Homens48,625,902Total8,471,4069.7%

Mulheres32,068,076Homens3,719,7417.4%

Mulheres4,751,66512.9%



ESC19,928,67415-24 anos17,059,58210-14 anos184,94414.5%









Comrcio14,403,4108-10 anos2,270,91114.3%








Recorte Espacial




Fonte: Pnad/IBGE

D1


AnoBrasil

19927.2

19936.8

1994

19956.7

19967.6

19978.5

19989.7

2000

199910.4

200110.1

20029.9

200310.5

20049.7


G1

7.1960771537

6.8026581264

1994

6.6644889637

7.593453871

8.4566591915

9.7491344743

2000

10.4373104023

10.051471135

9.8680650618

10.4790711531

9.7187732231


Brasil

(%)


F9

Figura 9

F10

Figura 10



199261.56.5

199361.16.2

199561.36.1

199659.27.0

199760.17.8

199860.29.0

199961.09.6

200160.59.4

200261.39.2

200361.49.7

200461.89.0

T1



Brasil113,295,184133,172,799138,859,293147,204,0662.32.0141,760,950144,640,650

Metropolitano35,922,30942,305,67245,009,65947,690,9272.41.945,951,64146,907,360



Urbano54,439,38166,242,23673,592,36978,931,5382.82.475,438,70977,195,950

Rural22,933,49424,624,89120,257,26520,581,6011.00.520,370,60020,537,340

Grandes Regies

Norte4,829,9486,480,8377,631,1998,591,1234.34.07,891,6598,223,340

Nordeste32,093,30737,405,25538,461,23340,505,2102.21.739,199,86939,872,473

Sudeste51,061,58659,794,78861,817,88765,148,7632.31.863,005,81464,266,953

Sul17,799,21020,253,34721,226,91622,486,7621.91.921,666,20922,044,873

Centro-Oeste7,511,1339,238,5729,722,05810,472,2083.02.59,997,39910,233,011


Brasil65,977,19777,243,16680,346,97587,165,3842.32.883,050,25384,730,086

Metropolitano20,313,15224,460,82826,385,28028,709,4922.72.927,479,35427,709,505



Urbano31,168,36637,794,92742,058,27146,351,8602.83.343,506,36145,054,643

Rural14,495,67914,987,41111,903,42412,104,0320.50.612,064,53811,965,938

Grandes Regies

Norte2,719,5083,664,1764,203,2314,914,2594.45.34,474,7384,723,251

Nordeste18,314,01021,173,41321,088,85922,815,0272.12.721,849,94022,148,428

Sudeste29,146,29534,262,00636,057,69138,824,5232.32.537,221,12137,950,133

Sul11,226,81412,561,60813,084,12714,168,8771.62.713,429,53413,737,834

Centro-Oeste4,570,5705,581,9635,913,0676,442,6982.92.96,074,9206,170,440



D2



199242.3886384874.9752939758.23477633

199342.2440508874.4201553357.88149076

1994

199543.4388145773.6210050458.0890132

199642.2074970771.5130905056.39876432

199743.1154054672.2974072457.2701552

199843.6864126571.9065575657.3732071

199944.8726310571.9796244458.0022096

2000

200145.5718523571.0441224157.86215187

200246.6503510171.3981546858.58471815

200347.6718091970.8904826758.57971877

200448.1882390371.1137653459.21397851


G2

58.2347763374.9752939742.38863848

57.8814907674.4201553342.24405088

199419941994

58.089013273.6210050443.43881457

56.3987643271.513090542.20749707

57.270155272.2974072443.11540546

57.373207171.9065575643.68641265

58.002209671.9796244444.87263105

200020002000

57.8621518771.0441224145.57185235

58.5847181571.3981546846.65035101

58.5797187770.8904826747.67180919

59.2139785171.1137653448.18823903

Masculina

Total

Feminina

33 p.p.

23 p.p.


Total

Masculina

Feminina


D3



199265.2034.90

199364.3137.36

1994

199563.1340.90

199660.8642.61

199761.2244.59

199861.1147.26

199961.4248.67

2000

200160.0648.59

200261.2248.65

200360.8048.97

200461.9747.72


G3

65.20134.9

64.30737.36

19941994

63.13140.9

60.85842.61

61.22144.59

61.11447.26

61.41748.67

20002000

60.05848.59

61.21648.65

60.79948.97

61.9747.72


Frequncia Escolar

Taxa de Participao

Taxa de Participao

Frequencia Escolar

(%)


D4



199261.2318.3342.90

199362.3918.7343.66

1994

199565.3920.1445.24

199664.3019.9044.40

199765.5820.0445.54

199866.1420.2245.92

199969.1820.9548.23

2000

200172.2722.9549.32

200274.8523.7851.07

200375.8523.8052.05

200478.6924.8453.85




199261,229,42718,333,31342,896,114

199362,390,58418,727,81343,662,771

1994

199565,386,63020,144,69445,241,936

199664,299,68519,895,95544,403,730

199765,576,71720,035,36145,541,356

199866,139,77120,222,83545,916,936

199969,181,05720,947,45848,233,599

2000

200172,270,92222,952,64449,318,278

200274,854,80023,782,74951,072,051

200375,851,16023,797,64352,053,517

200478,693,97824,844,48753,849,491


G4

61.22942718.33331342.896114

62.39058418.72781343.662771

199419941994

65.3866320.14469445.241936

64.29968519.89595544.40373

65.57671720.03536145.541356

66.13977120.22283545.916936

69.18105720.94745848.233599

200020002000

72.27092222.95264449.318278

74.854823.78274951.072051

75.8511623.79764352.053517

78.69397824.84448753.849491


Brasil

Metropolitano

No Metropolitano

Milhes


T2



Brasil61,229,42769,181,05772,270,92278,693,9781.802.90

Metropolitano18,333,31320,947,45822,952,64424,844,4871.902.70



Fonte: Pnads 1992, 1999, 2001 e 2004


T3



Brasil61,229,42774,110,70978,693,97812,881,28221.0-17,464,55128.5-

Metropolitano18,333,31323,518,09424,844,4875,184,78128.31.796,511,17435.51.63



Urbano28,671,84338,949,78242,119,42010,277,93935.85.7313,447,57746.96.70

Rural14,224,27111,642,83311,730,0712,581,438-18.1-7.522,494,200-17.5-8.33

Grandes Regies

Norte2,478,8433,931,9384,461,4081,453,09558.61.261,982,56580.01.62

Nordeste17,052,16719,675,50820,512,5832,623,34115.4-1.303,460,41620.3-1.78

Sudeste26,803,74232,667,70034,558,3105,863,95821.90.307,754,56828.90.14

Sul10,631,17712,361,10213,271,1861,729,92516.3-0.682,640,00924.8-0.50

Centro-Oeste4,263,4985,474,4615,890,4911,210,96328.40.421,626,99338.20.52



T4



Brasil2,922,6661,471,7911,092,844161,208.3126,315.7

Metropolitano303,310163,603126,25215,523.012,450.3

Metropolitano "PME"228,206119,58992,54712,068.69,014.0

No-Metropolitano2,619,3561,308,188966,592145,685.3113,865.3

Urbano1,078,946606,711465,70852,470.647,001.0

Rural1,540,410701,477500,88493,214.866,864.3

Grandes Regies

Norte126,47376,71366,4375,528.93,425.3

Nordeste1,333,336770,552537,99562,531.677,519.0

Sudeste774,665327,845231,30449,646.732,180.3

Sul485,009205,031188,99631,108.75,345.0

Centro-Oeste203,18391,65068,11212,392.67,846.0



T5

Tabela 5: Ocupao na Indstria

Ocupados: Indstria1992199920012004Cresc. (% aa) 1992-1999Cresc. (% aa) 2001-200420022003

Brasil10,155,84910,151,49511,070,59312,228,908-0.03.411,175,44911,454,699

Metropolitano4,012,8343,530,4703,828,9984,042,348-1.81.83,844,8983,782,755

Metropolitano PME3,530,5133,010,2933,229,3403,357,949-2.31.33,239,8403,164,022


Fonte: Pnad/IBGE 1992, 1999, 2001 e 2004.

* As seis regies metropolitanas pesquisadas pela PME so: So Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Belo Horizonte, Porto Alegre,Recife e Salvador. As demais que constam da PNAD so: Curitiba, Fortaleza, Belm e Braslia.

T6

Tabela 6 - Ocupao na IndstriaPNADs de 1992 e 2004

Ocupados na Indstria199220022004Dif. Absoluta (1992 - 2002)Cresc. (%) (1992 - 2002)Cresc. na Part.(pp) (1992 - 2002)Dif. Absoluta (1992 - 2004)Cresc. (%) (1992 - 2004)Cresc. na Part.(pp) (1992 - 2004)

Brasil10,155,84911,061,33012,228,908905,4818.9-2,073,05920.4-

Metropolitano4,012,8343,802,0544,042,348-210,780-5.3-5.1429,5140.7-6.46

Metropolitano PME3,530,5133,206,6773,357,949-323,836-9.2-5.77172,564-4.9-7.30

No-Metropolitano6,143,0157,259,2768,186,5601,116,26118.25.142,043,54533.36.46

Urbano5,182,1856,542,9837,409,4651,360,79826.38.132,227,28043.09.56

Rural960,830716,293777,095-244,537-25.5-2.99183,735-19.1-3.11

RM de So Paulo1,901,4261,648,0971,679,202-253,329-13.3-3.82222,224-11.7-4.99

SP no-metropolitano1,499,2811,762,7872,109,591263,50617.61.17610,31040.72.49

Grandes Regies

Norte337,447511,184607,338173,73751.51.30269,89180.01.64

Nordeste1,826,0081,885,5822,075,62859,5743.3-0.93249,62013.7-1.01

Sudeste5,549,1665,749,9526,280,557200,7863.6-2.66731,39113.2-3.28

Sul1,978,6672,304,2792,609,410325,61216.51.35630,74331.91.86

Centro-Oeste464,561610,333655,975145,77231.40.94191,41441.20.79

Fonte: Pnad/IBGE 1992, 2004.

D5

Composio da Ocupao por Escolaridade (%)

Anode 0 a 3 anos11 ou mais anosCom interrupo

199235.619.5


1994

199531.921.5

199629.523.1

199729.324.1

199828.025.5

199927.026.3

2000

200123.930.3

200222.432.3

200321.034.2

200419.935.9


Anode 0 a 3 anos11 ou mais anosSem interrupo


199334.020.1

199531.921.5

199629.523.1

199729.324.1

199828.025.5

199927.026.3

200123.930.3

200222.432.3

200321.034.2

200419.935.9

Fonte: Elaboarao prpria a partir da PNAD de 1992 a 2994

D5

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

0 a 3 anos

11 ou mais anos


0 a 3 anos

11 anos ou mais

%


G5

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

0 a 3 anos

11 ou mais anos

em %

0 a 3 anos

11 anos ou mais

D6

35.611267101519.4504635451

34.027339089620.1029741158

19941994

31.861288728921.5021145074

29.504290513823.1348697292

29.261231915924.1182204686

28.020753198225.5009837193

27.003745352626.3067666717

20002000

23.947293787130.2946583125

22.415202870532.2777330198

20.971768941734.2345031782

19.935.940755085

0 a 3 anos

11 ou mais anos


0 a 3 anos

11 anos ou mais


G6

Grfico 6: Taxa de Desemprego (%)Total, Metropolitano e No-Metropolitano


19929.756.067.20

19939.555.576.80

1994

19958.325.916.66

19969.846.557.59

199711.587.018.46

199813.567.969.75

199914.368.6210.47

2000

200113.018.6110.05

200213.458.109.87

200314.128.7110.48

200413.467.889.72


T7

9.7465876.0615117.196077

9.5492085.572826.802658

199419941994

8.3244325.9058746.664489

9.8374396.5513477.593454

11.581117.0110488.456659

13.564167.9599759.749134

14.363258.61791910.4731

200020002000

13.009668.60502410.05147

13.45238.0956919.868065

14.11748.71100210.47907

13.462467.8801319.718773

Metropolitano

No Metropolitano

Brasil


Metropolitano

No Metropolitano

Brasil

(%)

Grfico 6: Taxa de Desemprego (%) Total, Metropolitano e No-Metropolitano

D7

Tabela 7: Composio dos Desempregados

Desempregados199220022004Dif. Absoluta (1992 - 2002)Cresc. (%) (1992 - 2002)Cresc. na Part.(pp) (1992 - 2002)Dif. Absoluta (1992 - 2004)Cresc. (%) (1992 - 2004)

Brasil4,747,7708,110,7658,471,4063,362,99570.8-3,723,63678.4

Metropolitano1,979,8393,655,5873,865,0051,675,74884.63.371,885,16695.2

Metropolitano PME1,685,0883,043,2973,239,9771,358,20980.62.031,554,88992.3


Grandes Regies

Norte240,665471,748452,851231,08396.00.75212,18688.2

Nordeste1,261,8431,995,2892,302,444733,44658.1-1.981,040,60182.5

Sudeste2,342,5534,179,6234,266,2131,837,07078.42.191,923,66082.1

Sul595,637948,440897,691352,80359.2-0.85302,05450.7

Centro-Oeste307,072515,665552,207208,59367.9-0.11245,13579.8

Mulheres2,288,2644,330,5234,751,6652,042,25989.25-2,463,401107.7

Metropolitano954,3111,972,9202,153,7151,018,609106.743.851,199,404125.7

Metropolitano "PME"810,6351,647,5151,804,375836,880103.242.62993,740122.6


Chefes de Domiclio973,8641,713,4301,728,859739,56675.94-754,99577.5

Metropolitano409,288806,515808,131397,22797.055.04398,84397.4

Metropolitano "PME"350,602679,702651,450329,10093.873.67300,84885.8

No-Metropolitano564,576906,915920,728342,33960.64-5.04356,15263.1

Fonte: IBGE/Pnad

G7

Grfico 7: Taxa de Informalidade (%)Total, Metropolitano e No-Metropolitano


199238.2558.5351.94

199339.3059.2052.71

1994

199540.7058.6052.65

199641.3658.1352.55

199741.6158.0652.67

199841.8458.4153.00

199943.7358.2553.53

2000

200144.5556.4352.45

200245.0256.3752.57

200344.0855.4451.69

200444.1354.6851.19


T8

38.2541157158.5317092551.93833584

39.3007332259.2032611952.71230991

199419941994

40.6989278658.6021077852.65498639

41.3621261958.1301301752.55292595

41.6072650258.06308530552.66744635

41.8421085758.4094666852.99932607

43.734316258.2464967953.52991706

200020002000

44.5524178156.426408752.45369344

45.0218524456.365387252.56647935

44.0760262555.4430694551.68894542

44.1255156354.6794160251.18632391

Metropolitano

No Metropolitano

Brasil


Metropolitano

No Metropolitano

Brasil

(%)

Grfico 7: Grau de Informalidade (%) Total, Metropolitano e No-Metropolitano - PNAD

D8

Tabela 8: Grau de informalidade: Anos e Recortes Selecionados (em %)

1992199920012004

Brasil51.953.552.551.2

Setor

Indstria

Total33.036.535.333.9



Servios

Total53.551.252.752.4



Comrcio

Total57.757.655.553.5



Agricultura

Total81.680.680.278.5

Grandes Regies

Norte59.762.361.859.9

Nordeste68.669.267.866.7

Sudeste42.745.944.844.0

Sul47.447.246.844.7

Centro-Oeste57.655.054.051.6

Fonte: IBGE, Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domiclios de 1992, 1999, 2001 e 2004.

Grau de informalidade: (sc + cp) / ( sc + cp + cc + emp)

G8

Grfico 8: Rendimento Mdio do trabalho principal dos ocupados (em R$ de 2004) - Total, Metropolitano e No-Metropolitano

yearMetropolitanNon-MetropolitanBrazil

1992870.70472.25591.56

1993915.88488.21616.46

1994

19951,121.09592.00753.95

19961,164.93621.62788.61

19971,160.16617.22781.69

19981,165.08609.74777.41

19991,044.13578.65717.65

2000

20011,015.16589.78723.00

2002979.24576.24702.71

2003891.64552.88657.62

2004884.81562.03662.05


T9

591.561870.7472.25

616.462915.88488.21

199419941994

753.9541121.09592

788.6081164.93621.62

781.6941160.16617.22

777.4091165.08609.74

717.6541044.13578.65

200020002000

723.0041015.16589.78

702.705979.24576.24

657.619891.64552.88

662.05884.81562.03

Source: PNAD/IBGE

Brazil

Non-Metropolitan

Metropolitan

Brazil

Metropolitan

Non-Metropolitan

Average income from employed workers (R$ of 2004) - Total, Metropolitan and Non-Metropolitan

D9

Tabela 9: Rendimento Mdio do Trabalho Principal - Posio na Ocupao(R$ de setembro de 2004)

1993199619982004

Brasil616.5788.6777.4662.1

Conta prpria599.3821.8716.4579.2

Protegidos835.3961.8984.1818.4

Sem carteira280.2402.4416.1367.9

Metropolitano915.91,164.91,165.1884.8

Conta prpria841.11,227.41,079.9771.3

Protegidos994.21,183.51,211.4985.3

Sem carteira434.8600.5651.5499.3

No Metropolitano488.2621.6609.7562.0

Conta prpria517.1679.1590.8505.6

Protegidos716.5804.1827.7715.6

Sem carteira232.6332.7336.6316.2

Fonte: Pnads 1992 a 2004

G9

AnoGini per capitaGiniindividual

19950.6020.557

19960.6000.553

19970.6030.551

19980.6010.547

19990.5950.538

2000

20010.5990.540

20020.5960.539

20030.5910.530

20040.5830.523


D10

0.601640.55709

0.599510.55283

0.602740.55134

0.600720.54701

0.594790.53776

20002000

0.599160.53973

0.59620.539

0.591350.52959

0.582760.52348


Gini per capita

Gini - Individual

Grafico 9: Desigualdade de Rendimentos do Trabalho - Coeficiente de Gini

G10


AnoPFT*

7119714.00

7219723.68

7319733.48

7419741.90

7519750.77

7619761.22

7719771.43

7819781.58

7919791.71

8019802.25

8119810.90

8219821.12

8319831.24

8419842.04

8519850.59

8619861.59

8719870.68

8819880.86

8919890.41

9019900.77

9119912.28

9219922.08

9319931.98

9419942.47

9519952.62

9619962.32

9719970.84

T-A1

4

3.68

3.48

1.9

0.77

1.22

1.43

1.58

1.71

2.25

0.9

1.12

1.24

2.04

0.59

1.59

0.68

0.86

0.41

0.77

2.28

2.08

1.98

2.47

2.62

2.32

0.84

(%)


T-A2

Tabela A.1- Evoluo do Nvel e Composio do Emprego segundo Caractersticas Selecionadas

OcupadosDesocupados

199220022004Cresc.(1992-2002)(%)Cresc.(1992-2004)(%)199220022004Cresc.(1992-2002)(%)Cresc.(1992-2004)(%)

Total61,229,42774,854,80078,693,97822.328.54,747,7708,195,4538,471,40672.678.4

Gnero

Homem38,846,50644,990,07146,625,90215.820.02,459,5063,819,6513,719,74155.351.2

Mulher22,382,92129,864,72932,068,07633.443.32,288,2644,375,8024,751,66591.2107.7

Grupos de idade

10 a 14 anos2,922,6661,370,4811,092,844-53.1-62.6344,023239,393184,944-30.4-46.2

15 a 24 anos15,743,25216,775,14517,059,5826.68.42,279,7333,912,0044,084,72071.679.2

25 a 49 anos33,780,25244,530,10247,305,61531.840.01,906,7953,501,1093,666,11183.692.3

50 anos e mais8,779,44912,168,10013,232,05838.650.7217,219542,947535,631150.0146.6

Anos de estudo

0 a 3 anos21,752,87416,707,81515,482,466-23.2-28.81,145,5651,199,2221,080,9424.7-5.6

4 a 7 anos19,767,55821,463,08421,132,6168.66.91,931,3782,494,9202,288,28229.218.5

8 a 10 anos7,682,64512,307,83713,645,75860.277.6878,8342,051,8452,270,911133.5158.4

11 anos e mais11,881,16924,059,13528,199,092102.5137.3770,6812,396,1152,785,093210.9261.4

Posio no domiclio

Chefe27,942,54535,047,54536,833,97725.431.8973,8641,731,2441,728,85977.877.5

Outros moradores33,286,88239,807,25541,860,00119.625.83,773,9066,464,2096,742,54771.378.7

Posio na ocupao

Trabalhador protegido24,018,94729,790,87232,754,23924.036.4-----

Trabalhador sem carteira de trabalho assinada14,400,41319,158,07019,928,67433.038.4-----

Conta prpria14,137,35717,570,90518,015,38524.327.4-----

Empregador2,399,3483,351,6293,430,99339.743.0-----

Trabalhador no remunerado6,247,5804,974,7014,562,824-20.4-27.0-----

Setor de Atividade

Agricultura14,912,83512,701,41712,791,789-14.8-14.2-----

Indstria10,155,84911,175,44912,228,90810.020.4-----

Construo4,040,1235,459,8335,193,80135.128.6-----

Comrcio9,696,80613,416,71914,403,41038.448.5-----

Administrao Pblica3,107,6863,869,0514,172,77324.534.3-----

Servios11,292,61316,226,46717,164,10843.752.0-----

Outras atividades7,798,81411,805,52012,518,85151.460.5-----

Fonte: Pnad/IBGE 1992, 2002 e 2004

T-A3

Tabela A2- Ocupadas por posio na ocupao (em milhes) - IBGE

199220012004Cresc. (% aa) 1992-2001Cresc. (% aa) 2001-2004

PIA113.30138.84147.202.32.0

PEA69.7183.9591.042.12.7

Taxa de Participao61.560.561.8-0.20.7

Taxa de Desemprego6.59.49.04.1-1.3

Ocupao Total65.4078.9682.822.11.6

Empregado e trabalhador domsticos38.5847.2352.682.33.7




Empregado34.2241.2946.272.13.9




Trabalhador domstico4.365.946.423.52.6


Sem carteira de trabalho assinada3.594.394.752.32.7

Conta prpria14.2016.9718.022.02.0

Empregador2.413.213.433.32.2

No remunerado6.855.635.41-2.2-1.3

Trabalhador na produo para o prprio consumo3.212.903.18-1.13.1

Trabalhador na construo para o prprio uso0.160.150.10-0.5-12.6


Tabela A3: Rendimento Mdio do Trabalho Principal por Sexo e Escolaridade(R$ de setembro de 2004)

19921993199519961997199819992001200220032004

Total

Brasil592616754789782777718723703658662

Metropolitano8919161,1211,1651,1601,1651,044979979892885


Mulheres

Brasil404409525575566575540553542504512

Metropolitano624632783856860854803781767697704


Homens

Brasil701738893918912901829834809761765

Metropolitano1,0311,1041,3581,3801,3671,3861,2171,1911,1401,0421,028



Brasil266263314336324314292301291281285

Metropolitano424403497559547513465439416382375



Brasil450449535550526510477456442413420

Metropolitano552542670692657640588545532484487



Brasil652636751761743702632600554510496

Metropolitano737706854872865809734678633576546


11 ou mais anos de estudo

Brasil1,3831,4811,7581,7231,7081,6681,5021,3941,3091,1691,140

Metropolitano1,6301,7712,1192,0722,0512,0441,7981,6841,5641,3721,339

No metropolitano1,1821,2401,4681,4431,4411,3801,2851,1821,1231,0261,002


How do we explain the labor markets low performance? Labor market analysis model Macroeconomy

Demography

Labor Market InstitutionsEducational System

Social Security SystemSocial Security System

F1

Labor market resultsEducational System

Macroeconomy (aggregate demand)Quality and quantity of labor

Labor market mechanicsDemographic pattern

Labor market institutions, interventions and legislation

Labor market performance

F2

Figura 2

PIA

PNEA

PEA

PEA Marginal

PEA Efetiva

Auto-consumo

Construo Prpria

OcupaoDesocupao

No-remunerado


-Sexo-Sexo

-Idade-Idade




-Posio no Domiclio

-Recorte Espacial

F3

Figura 3

Populao

178,604,594

PIA

147,204,0660.8241896958

PEAPNEA

91,035,16456,168,9020.50970225320.6184283252

0.31448744260.3815716748

Fonte: Pnad/IBGE

F4

Figura 4

PEA IBGE

91,035,164

PEA Marginal

3,869,780

PEA Efetiva


3,008,969


78,693,9788,471,40666,021

No Remunerado

794,790

Fonte: Pnad/IBGE

F5

Figura 5

por Escolaridade

0-3 anos15,482,4660.197329587315,528,6500.197329587378,459,932

4-7 anos21,132,6160.269342777421,195,6550.2693427774234,046

8-10 anos13,645,7580.173920084513,686,4630.1739200845

11+ anos28,199,0920.359407550928,283,2100.3594075509

78,459,932178,693,978


Chefe36,833,977

No Chefe41,860,001







por rea

Metropolitana24,844,4870.3157101424

N-Metrop.53,849,4910.6842898576

Fonte: Pnad/IBGE

F6

Figura 6

por Escolaridade

0-3 anos1080942.06.5

4-7 anos2288282.09.8

8-10 anos2270911.014.3

11+ anos2785093.09.0


Total8,471,40610-14 anos184,944

Homens3,719,7417.415-24 anos4,084,720

Mulheres4,751,66512.925-49 anos3,666,111

50+ anos535,631

0.4390936994

0.5609063006


Chefe1,728,8596.5

No Chefe6,742,54711.1

por rea

Metropolitana3,865,0059.50.4562412662

N-Metrop.4,606,4019.90.5437587338

Fonte: Pnad/IBGE

F7

Figura 7

por Posio na Ocupao

Protegidos818.4

Sem carteira367.9

Conta Prpria579.2

Empregadores2243.8


Total662.1

Homens765.3

Mulheres512.4

por Escolaridade

0-3 anos284.76

4-7 anos419.80

8-10 anos496.16

11+ anos1,139.73

Fonte: Pnad/IBGE

F8

Figura 8


PIA

Total147,204,068

Homens70,795,918

Mulheres78,408,148

PNEA

Total56,168,904



Total91,035,16461.8%

Homens51,653,50673.0%

Mulheres39,381,65851.5%

PEA Marginal

Total3,869,780



Total87,165,38459.2%

Homens50,345,64371.1%





Homens48,625,902Total8,471,4069.7%

Mulheres32,068,076Homens3,719,7417.4%

Mulheres4,751,66512.9%



ESC19,928,67415-24 anos17,059,58210-14 anos184,94414.5%









Comrcio14,403,4108-10 anos2,270,91114.3%








Recorte Espacial




Fonte: Pnad/IBGE

D1


AnoBrasil

19927.2

19936.8

1994

19956.7

19967.6

19978.5

19989.7

2000

199910.4

200110.1

20029.9

200310.5

20049.7


G1

7.1960771537

6.8026581264

1994

6.6644889637

7.593453871

8.4566591915

9.7491344743

2000

10.4373104023

10.051471135

9.8680650618

10.4790711531

9.7187732231


Brasil

(%)


F9

Figura 9

F10

Figura 10



199261.56.5

199361.16.2

199561.36.1

199659.27.0

199760.17.8

199860.29.0

199961.09.6

200160.59.4

200261.39.2

200361.49.7

200461.89.0

T1



Brasil113,295,184133,172,799138,859,293147,204,0662.32.0141,760,950144,640,650

Metropolitano35,922,30942,305,67245,009,65947,690,9272.41.945,951,64146,907,360



Urbano54,439,38166,242,23673,592,36978,931,5382.82.475,438,70977,195,950

Rural22,933,49424,624,89120,257,26520,581,6011.00.520,370,60020,537,340

Grandes Regies

Norte4,829,9486,480,8377,631,1998,591,1234.34.07,891,6598,223,340

Nordeste32,093,30737,405,25538,461,23340,505,2102.21.739,199,86939,872,473

Sudeste51,061,58659,794,78861,817,88765,148,7632.31.863,005,81464,266,953

Sul17,799,21020,253,34721,226,91622,486,7621.91.921,666,20922,044,873

Centro-Oeste7,511,1339,238,5729,722,05810,472,2083.02.59,997,39910,233,011


Brasil65,977,19777,243,16680,346,97587,165,3842.32.883,050,25384,730,086

Metropolitano20,313,15224,460,82826,385,28028,709,4922.72.927,479,35427,709,505



Urbano31,168,36637,794,92742,058,27146,351,8602.83.343,506,36145,054,643

Rural14,495,67914,987,41111,903,42412,104,0320.50.612,064,53811,965,938

Grandes Regies

Norte2,719,5083,664,1764,203,2314,914,2594.45.34,474,7384,723,251

Nordeste18,314,01021,173,41321,088,85922,815,0272.12.721,849,94022,148,428

Sudeste29,146,29534,262,00636,057,69138,824,5232.32.537,221,12137,950,133

Sul11,226,81412,561,60813,084,12714,168,8771.62.713,429,53413,737,834

Centro-Oeste4,570,5705,581,9635,913,0676,442,6982.92.96,074,9206,170,440



D2



199242.388674.975358.2348

199342.244174.420257.8815

1994

199543.438873.621058.0890

199642.207571.513156.3988

199743.115472.297457.2702

199843.686471.906657.3732

199944.872671.979658.0022

2000

200145.571971.044157.8622

200246.650471.398258.5847

200347.671870.890558.5797

200448.188271.113859.2140


G2

58.2347763374.9752939742.38863848

57.8814907674.4201553342.24405088

199419941994

58.089013273.6210050443.43881457

56.3987643271.513090542.20749707

57.270155272.2974072443.11540546

57.373207171.9065575643.68641265

58.002209671.9796244444.87263105

200020002000

57.8621518771.0441224145.57185235

58.5847181571.3981546846.65035101

58.5797187770.8904826747.67180919

59.2139785171.1137653448.18823903

Masculina

Total

Feminina

33 p.p.

23 p.p.


Total

Masculina

Feminina


D3



199265.2034.90

199364.3137.36

1994

199563.1340.90

199660.8642.61

199761.2244.59

199861.1147.26

199961.4248.67

2000

200160.0648.59

200261.2248.65

200360.8048.97

200461.9747.72


G3

65.20134.9

64.30737.36

19941994

63.13140.9

60.85842.61

61.22144.59

61.11447.26

61.41748.67

20002000

60.05848.59

61.21648.65

60.79948.97

61.9747.72


Frequncia Escolar

Taxa de Participao

Taxa de Participao

Frequencia Escolar

(%)


D4



199261.2318.3342.90

199362.3918.7343.66

1994

199565.3920.1445.24

199664.3019.9044.40

199765.5820.0445.54

199866.1420.2245.92

199969.1820.9548.23

2000

200172.2722.9549.32

200274.8523.7851.07

200375.8523.8052.05

200478.6924.8453.85


Total de Pessoal Ocupado


199261,229,42718,333,31342,896,114

199362,390,58418,727,81343,662,771

1994

199565,386,63020,144,69445,241,936

199664,299,68519,895,95544,403,730

199765,576,71720,035,36145,541,356

199866,139,77120,222,83545,916,936

199969,181,05720,947,45848,233,599

2000

200172,270,92222,952,64449,318,278

200274,854,80023,782,74951,072,051

200375,851,16023,797,64352,053,517

200478,693,97824,844,48753,849,491


78,693,978

G4

61.22942718.33331342.896114

62.39058418.72781343.662771

199419941994

65.3866320.14469445.241936

64.29968519.89595544.40373

65.57671720.03536145.541356

66.13977120.22283545.916936

69.18105720.94745848.233599

200020002000

72.27092222.95264449.318278

74.854823.78274951.072051

75.8511623.79764352.053517

78.69397824.84448753.849491


Brasil

Metropolitano

No Metropolitano

Milhes


T2



Brasil61,229,42769,181,05772,270,92278,693,9781.802.90

Metropolitano18,333,31320,947,45822,952,64424,844,4871.902.70



Fonte: Pnads 1992, 1999, 2001 e 2004


T3



Brasil61,229,42774,110,70978,693,97812,881,28221.0-17,464,55128.5-

Metropolitano18,333,31323,518,09424,844,4875,184,78128.31.796,511,17435.51.63



Urbano28,671,84338,949,78242,119,42010,277,93935.85.7313,447,57746.96.70

Rural14,224,27111,642,83311,730,0712,581,438-18.1-7.522,494,200-17.5-8.33

Grandes Regies

Norte2,478,8433,931,9384,461,4081,453,09558.61.261,982,56580.01.62

Nordeste17,052,16719,675,50820,512,5832,623,34115.4-1.303,460,41620.3-1.78

Sudeste26,803,74232,667,70034,558,3105,863,95821.90.307,754,56828.90.14

Sul10,631,17712,361,10213,271,1861,729,92516.3-0.682,640,00924.8-0.50

Centro-Oeste4,263,4985,474,4615,890,4911,210,96328.40.421,626,99338.20.52



T4



Brasil2,922,6661,471,7911,092,844161,208.3126,315.7

Metropolitano303,310163,603126,25215,523.012,450.3

Metropolitano "PME"228,206119,58992,54712

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