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    ICL

    the Indian Cricket League (ICL) was a private cricket league funded by Zee

    Entertainment Enterprises that operated between 2007 and 2009 in India.

    notionally located in major Indian cities as well as the champions Lahore

    Badshahs who were based in Lahore, Pakistan. The matches were played in

    the Twenty20 format. There was also a planned domestic 50-over

    tournament, but this did not eventuate. While its establishment pre-dated the

    Indian Premier League, the ICL folded in 2009. Aside from commercial factors,

    the ICL lacked the support of the Board of Control for Cricket in India and

    International Cricket Council.

    Contents

    ICL World Teams

    1 History

    2 League structure

    2.1

    2.2 ICL Domestic Teams

    3 Tournaments

    3.1 First season

    3.2 Second season

    4 Reasons for creation

    4.1 The "Inverted Pyramid" cricket structure

    4.2 Zee Telefilms desire to create sports content

    5 Support for the league

    6 Controversy

    6.1 BCCI Response

    6.1.1 ICL takes BCCI to court

    7 Pressure on Players from Other National Organisations

    8 The Downfall of the ICL

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    8.1 Transparency Issues

    9 The end of ICL

    10 Broadcasting of ICL

    10.1 Broadcasting Ban

    11 Other private cricket leagues

    12 References

    13 External links

    History

    Zee Telefilms, part of the Essel group promoted by Subhash Chandra, had bid

    for the telecast rights to the 2003 Cricket World Cup. Although the highest

    bid, it was unsuccessful. In 2004, Subhash Chandra again bid for telecast

    rights and ended up in an inconclusive court battle. He made another bid for

    the 2006 ICC Champions Trophy rights and once again lost. He responded by

    creating the ICL. They denied us the cricket content, said Himanshu Mody,

    business head of ICL and Zees sports,so, we had to create our own

    content. [1] Zee Telefilms announced that it would partner with major

    infrastructure group IL&FS to create a new, ambitious cricket organisation,

    the Indian Cricket League.[2] with prize money of one million US dollars in theinitial edition for the winning team.

    The ICL was set up with a billion dollar Indian Rupee corpus, and was to

    initially comprise six teams playing Twenty20 cricket, with plans to expand to

    sixteen teams within three years and to eventually move to 50-over matches.

    These plans, if they had been realised, would have made the ICL the richest

    professional league in India. On 24 July 2007, some famous international

    names were announced to have signed to play in the ICL, including highest

    innings record-holder Brian Lara.[3]

    Due to the unofficial nature of the league, most of the national cricket boards

    warned their players against joining it and as a result most of the

    international players who signed for the first edition were retired

    internationals, such as Brian Lara, Chris Cairns and Craig McMillan, or former

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    players no intention of breaking back into their national team, such as Chris

    Read and Daryl Tuffey (who has since broken back in the New Zealand team,

    after breaking ties with the league). A notable exception was Imran Farhat,

    who chose to opt out of his Pakistan Central contract to sign with the League.

    [4] Former Pakistan captain Javed Miandad said he was not able to

    understand why the PCB would not allow its players to participate in theleague and why it was threatening players with a lifetime ban.[5] The PCB

    subsequently banned players involved in the ICL from playing domestic

    cricket, a move that prompted some players, notably Farhat and Taufeeq

    Umar, to threaten court action.[6]

    The opposition to the league from the national cricket boards across the

    world and the International Cricket Council (ICC) was continued into the

    league's second edition. Several international ICC players who were signed to

    play domestic cricket for teams in the English County Championship,including Shane Bond, Rana Naved-ul-Hasan, Mushtaq Ahmed and Jason

    Gillespie were unable to fulfill their County Championship contracts because

    the home counties cricket boards refused to grant them the necessary

    documents to play in England.[7]

    The first edition of the league commenced on 30 November 2007. The league

    consisted of six teams with the matches played at Panchkula, near

    Chandigarh. Matches were initially held at Tau Devi Lal stadium in Panchkula,

    near Chandigarh, Lal Bahadur Stadium in Hyderabad, and at Tau Devi LalStadium in Gurgaon [1], near New Delhi. In 2008, ICL games were played at

    more venues.

    The first edition had 6 teams; this was expanded to 8 in early 2008, and one

    more team was added in the second half of that year. Players participating in

    this league had been threatened with bans by the cricket boards of their

    respective countries, as the ICL was regarded by them as an unsanctioned

    rebel league.[8][9] However most of the players continue to play first class

    cricket under the control of their respective boards. The first editionconcluded on 16 December 2007 with the Chennai Superstars winning the

    first title. The second edition was a 50 over tournament played from 7

    January 2008 to 28 January 2008 at Mayajaal Cricket Ground, near Chennai,

    with Chennai Superstars winning again. A third edition which commenced on

    9 March 2008 saw the league expanded to eight teams and matches being

    played at two further venues, Hyderabad and Gurgaon. The Hyderabad

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    Heroes won the 3rd edition. The fourth edition was a domestic Twenty-20

    tournament won by Chandigarh Lions.

    The second season, which added Ahmedabad as a venue, commenced in the

    last quarter of 2008, with the Lahore Badshahs from Pakistan winning.

    League structure

    Each team was coached by a former international cricketer and comprised

    four international, two Indian and eight budding domestic players. Essel

    Group also planned to set up cricket academies all over the country. The

    Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) was assured that it was free to

    draw from ICL's talent pool. The league became active in November 2007

    with matches in the Twenty20 format.

    Former international cricketers including Kapil Dev, Tony Greig, Dean Jones

    and Kiran More were hired as board members of the Indian Cricket League.

    [10] The board positions will be paid positions.[11]

    Nine teams of private clubs :

    Mumbai Champs

    Chennai Superstars

    Chandigarh Lions

    Hyderabad Heroes

    Royal Bengal Tigers (Kolkata)

    Delhi Giants

    Ahmedabad Rockets

    Lahore Badshahs

    Dhaka Warriors

    Each team had a paid mentor, media manager, psychologist and

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    physiotherapist

    There was a US$ 1 million prize for the winning club team

    An Ombudsman is available to look into grievances of players

    ICL World Teams

    The World

    John Emburey - Coach,

    Chris Cairns - Captain

    Andrew Hall,

    Chris Harris,

    Damien Martyn,

    Daryl Tuffey,

    Ian Harvey,

    Jimmy Maher,

    Johan van der Wath,

    Lou Vincent (Wicketkeeper),

    Marvan Atapattu,

    Matthew Elliot,

    Michael Kasprowicz,

    Russel Arnold

    India

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    Steve Rixon - Coach

    Rajagopal Satish - Captain

    Abbas Ali,

    Abhishek Jhunjhunwala,

    Abu Nacheem,

    Ali Murtaza,

    Ambati Rayudu,

    Ganapathi Vignesh,

    Ibrahim Khaleel (Wicketkeeper),

    Love Ablish,

    Ravi Raj Patil,

    Rohan Gavaskar,

    Stuart Binny,

    Syed Mohammed,

    Thiru Kumaran,

    TP Sudhindra,

    Sarbjit Singh,

    Tejinder Pal Singh,

    V. Sarvanan

    Pakistan

    Moin Khan - Coach

    Inzamam-ul-Haq - Captain

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    Azhar Mahmood

    Taufeeq Umar

    Imran Farhat

    Rana Naved-ul-Hasan

    Abdul Razzaq

    Naved Latif

    Humayun Farhat

    Arshad Khan

    Shahid Nazir

    Hasan Raza

    Mohammad Sami

    Imran Nazir

    Riaz Afridi

    Shabbir Ahmed

    Bangladesh

    Balwinder Sandhu - Coach

    Habibul Bashar - Captain

    Aftab Ahmed

    Alok Kapali

    Dhiman Ghosh

    Farhad Reza

    Manjural Islam

    Golam Mabud

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    Mahbubul Karim

    Mohammad Rafique

    Mohammad Sharif

    Mosharraf Hossain

    Shahriar Nafees

    Tapash Baisya

    ICL Domestic Teams

    Main articles: Chandigarh Lions, Chennai Superstars, Delhi Giants, Hyderabad

    Heroes, Kolkata Tigers, Mumbai Champs, Ahmedabad Rockets, Lahore

    Badshahs, and Dhaka Warriors

    Tournaments

    First season

    Main article: ICL 20-20 Indian Championship 2007/08

    Main article: ICL 50s 2007/08

    Main article: ICL 20s Grand Championship 2007/08

    Main article: ICL 20s World Series 2007/08

    Second season

    Main article: ICL 20-20 Indian Championship 2008/09

    Main article: ICL 20s World Series 2008/09

    Reasons for creation

    Question book-new.svg This section does not cite any references or

    sources. (October 2008)

    Several factors have played a role in formulation of a cricket league which

    may run in parallel to the current official Indian cricket control body, BCCI.

    The "Inverted Pyramid" cricket structure

    Question book-new.svg This section does not cite any references or

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    sources. (May 2010)

    There is wide disparity between the facilities enjoyed by the national team

    and the regional ones. This makes the regional players far from finished

    products when they are called to represent their country, preventing a huge

    country like India from having adequate reserve strength in the national

    squad when key players are injured or retire. Also, the regional cricket boards

    depend on the BCCI for hand-outs of funds for infrastructure and grassroots

    development. The players who are entrenched at the top have strong backing

    from sports management firms and also can afford the best in personal

    trainers, physiotherapists and technical consultants, which are well beyond

    the scope of the average player.

    Zee Telefilms desire to create sports content

    Question book-new.svg This section does not cite any references or

    sources. (October 2008)

    The Essel group has expressed a keen desire to help India develop cricketing

    talent, as well as provide lucrative sports programming for Zee Telefilms,

    which lost out on the rights to broadcast all BCCI-sanctioned cricket matches

    in India until 2011.

    Essel Group had originally launched Zee Sports earlier with the anticipation of

    bagging at least some of the BCCI telecast rights in 2006. This was followed

    by Zee acquiring 50 percent in TEN Sports in November 2006 for Rs. 257

    crore (Rs. 2.57 billion). This gave the company a few international cricket

    rights West Indies, Sri Lanka and Pakistan.

    Cricket played in India generates Rs. 1,000 crore (Rs. 10 billion) in advertising

    and subscription revenue and Subhash Chandra has been acutely aware of

    his company missing out on this lucrative cricket pie.

    During his battle with BCCI and ESPN Star Sports for the five-year telecast

    rights in AugustSeptember 2004 in the Bombay High Court, Chandra was

    present every day for the hearings. Despite Zee bidding the highest at $307

    million, BCCI and its then president Jagmohan Dalmiya denied him the rights.

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    The pain of denial has been with Chandra since 2000 when the ICC World Cup

    rights were sold to NewsCorps Global Cricket Corporation (GCC) for $550

    million despite Zee bidding the highest at $650 million citing Zee's

    insufficient sports marketing experience.

    In August 2005, Zee again emerged as a forerunner with a pitch of over $340

    million while ESPN Star Sports, the other principal contender, is believed to

    have offered around $325 million. BCCI took the stance that Zee was not

    qualified as a specialist broadcaster and refused to consider Zees proposal.

    The matter expectedly went to court and Doordarshan emerged the

    beneficiary.

    Chandra then tried the political route too and supported Sharad Pawars

    candidature as BCCI president against Dalmiya. Pawar emerged victorious but

    not Chandra. In the last round of bidding in February, last year, it was Nimbus

    who bagged BCCIs telecast rights till 2011 for $613 million with Zee trailing

    at $513 million.

    Since there was a Zee-Nimbus alliance before the bidding, media pundits

    thought Nimbus bid was a Zee front. But Nimbus chose to go its own way

    and launched its own sports network NEO Sports.

    Support for the league

    This section needs additional citations for verification. (May 2010)

    The ICL has received support from some unexpected quarters. There was a

    fear that lack of access to infrastructure, like the premier cricket stadiums,

    would limit the success of the operation of the league, but support from

    various government bodies has boosted the league. Camps will be held atMayajaal in Chennai, which is a private resort with good cricket facilities.[12]

    Indian Railways chief Lalu Prasad has shown his backing by opening all the

    cricket stadiums controlled by the Indian Railways to the league. Describing

    the ICL as a good initiative, Prasad has issued a statement saying that the

    BCCI and ICL should each come up with a cricket team and play against each

    other to show who's the best. [2] The state government of West Bengal has

    also agreed to rent its cricket grounds, notably Eden Gardens, to the league.

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    [13]

    Controversy

    BCCI Response

    This section needs additional citations for verification. (May 2010)

    The BCCI refused to recognise the ICL as a cricket league, and criticised Kiran

    More and Kapil Dev for joining the ICL.[14] Kapil Dev's association with ICL

    was seen by the establishment as a conflict of interest as he was also the

    chairman of National Cricket Academy, a BCCI owned cricket facility.[15] On

    August 21, 2007 Kapil Dev was sacked from his NCA post.[16] Subhash

    Chandra had earlier stated that the ICL will go ahead regardless of the BCCI's

    stance. The International Cricket Council gave a statement through its chief

    executive, Malcolm Speed, that the ICC would not recognize the ICL unlessthe BCCI chooses to recognise it. The ICC looks at the ICL as an issue to be

    sorted out by the BCCI. On July 25, 2012 Kapil Dev informed BCCI that he has

    resigned from the rebel league ICL and will continue supporting them,

    thereby paving way to get back into the BCCI fold. [17]

    Faced with the threat of young players joining the ICL, the BCCI jacked up

    prize money for winners, runners-up and losing semi-finalists across all

    tournaments. An average domestic cricketer can hope to make around Rs

    35,000 per match day from the season of 2007-08: more than double the Rs16,000 they got in 2005-06. The BCCI has also planned to do away with

    honorary selectors, who will be paid professionals from September 2008

    onwards.[18]

    The BCCI started its own international Twenty20 league. The official league,

    which launched in April 2008, is called the Indian Premier League Twenty20

    cricket. The league model is revolutionary, based on the franchise model of

    the National Football League and Major League Baseball in the USA.[19]

    ICL takes BCCI to court

    This section needs additional citations for verification. (May 2010)

    In August 2007, the ICL filed a petition against the BCCI in the Delhi High

    Court accusing the BCCI of threatening and intimidating them and other state

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    organisations, and asked the court to stop BCCI from interfering with its

    attempts to sign up players for its tournaments. It also petitioned that the

    BCCI stop trying to "out-hire" cricket stadiums in India that are owned by the

    state governments, in anti-competitive attempts to stop the ICL from using

    them to play matches.

    On August 27, 2007, the Delhi High Court ruled in favour of the ICL. In its

    ruling, the Delhi High Court said that players should not suffer in the battle

    between corporate giants. The court has issued notices to all corporate

    sponsors, the state cricket associations & the BCCI against terminating valid

    contracts of players joining the ICL.[20]

    The Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Practices Commission (MRTPC) of India

    had asked its Director-General of Investigation to do an initial investigation

    into the BCCI's action against players who had joined the ICL. The

    investigation was based on media reports of the BCCI giving an open

    statement that it will ban players who join ICL. It was also reported in the

    media that all state associations, under direction from the BCCI, have

    cancelled contracts with players.[21]

    Pressure on Players from Other National Organisations

    This section needs additional citations for verification. (May 2010)

    In considering rejoining the ICL former England wicketkeeper Paul Nixon was

    said to have put his career in jeopardy because any player that signs up with

    the ICL, which does not have official status from the International Cricket

    Council, risks losing their registration.[22]

    The addition of a new team from Dhaka in Bangladesh, consisting largely of

    Bangladesh internationals caused more controversy as the cricket board of

    that country banned the players for 10 years for joining the 'rebel' ICL.[23]Faced with the departure of so many players the board appealed to other

    Bangladeshi players to reject the new ICL team, stay loyal to the board and

    embrace the opportunity to play for their country.[24]

    The Downfall of the ICL

    This section needs additional citations for verification. (May 2010)

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    The future of ICL has become dark when BCCI allowed ICL players to play

    international matches.Since then many ICL players have returned to their

    national team including famous players like Shane Bond (now retired) and

    Abdul Razzaq.

    The huge success of IPL is also a reason of the coming down of ICL.

    Shortly before the conclusion of the inaugural tournament, the ICL announced

    its plans for expansion, which include a fifty over tournament in February

    2008, and the expansion of the ICL Indian Championship to eight teams for

    the second tournament, due to be held in September and October 2008.[25]

    A similar initiative has been launched in United States by the PayAutoMata

    group but details have yet to emerge.[26]

    In October 2008, the promoters of the ICL, Zee and its parent company Essel

    Sports Pvt. Ltd, had applied for trademark registration of T20 under Class 28

    of the Trade Mark Rules, 2002.[27] [28]

    Transparency Issues

    Question book-new.svg This section does not cite any references or

    sources. (May 2010)

    Independent analysts have had difficulty gauging the financial viability of the

    ICL due to the lack of transparency of the leagues operations. Terms of

    contracts are hidden and advertising revenue from match telecasts

    considered to be a major contributor to revenues have never been

    disclosed. Because they are unsanctioned by the ICC, the teams do not haveaccess to the best facilities across the whole country or access to the best

    players, limiting their ability to generate high gate revenues. This lack of

    transparency leads to questions regarding the overall viability of the ICLs

    business model.[citation needed]

    The end of ICL

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    The ICL has now come to an end after all its players dropped out.This was

    because of the offer of amnesty given by BCCI to players choosing to leave

    the ICL.

    Broadcasting of ICL

    Since the ICL was conducted by Zee Telefilms, the ICL was broadcast in most

    domains on the Zee network.[29]

    Broadcaster Regional Broadcast Rights

    Zee Sports

    Global Rights, India -- Hindi, Bangladesh & USA

    Ten Sports

    India -- English, Bangladesh, Pakistan & Middle East

    BTV

    Bangladesh

    ATN Bangla

    Bangladesh

    Gateway

    North Africa

    Telkom-Malaysia

    Malaysia

    Astro TVIQ

    Malaysia

    Fox Sports

    Australia

    Zee Music

    UK

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    Zee Smile Asia[citation needed]

    Zee TV

    Africa

    Caribbean Media Corporation

    Caribbean

    Broadcasting Ban

    In November 2008, the Bangladeshi government set a ban on the

    broadcasting of live matches of the ICL on a the private held Diganta TV

    channel in the country. This would extend to the ICL World Series featuring

    the country's national team.[30]

    Other private cricket leagues

    Most professional cricket around the world is run by the national cricket

    boards of the full members of the ICC, but there have been several previous

    attempts to create professional leagues outside the established system. Like

    the ICL, each of them came into conflict with the establishment:

    World Series Cricket was formed by Australian media tycoon Kerry Packer

    in the late 1970s, and played a major role in the development of limited overs

    cricket and commercialisation of the game.

    Pro Cricket League in USA formed by Kalpesh Patel. It started with eight

    teams on 2 July 2004 and expired the same year.[31]

    Indian Cricket League (USA) formed in 2005 by PayAutoMata Group in the

    U.S. state of Florida.

    Stanford 20/20 formed in 2006 by billionaire Sir Allen Stanford in the West

    Indies. It has since reconciled with the cricket establishment, gainingrecognition by the West Indies Cricket Board.

    References

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    ^ Ekbaat staff (September 15, 2007). "Why and how was ICL created".

    Ekbaat. Retrieved 2007-09-15.

    ^ Cricinfo staff (3 April 2007). "Business mogul announces new cricket

    league". Cricinfo. Retrieved 2007-06-13.

    ^ Cricinfo staff (July 26, 2007). "Warne and McGrath set to join ICL: Kapil".

    Cricinfo. Retrieved 2007-07-26.

    ^ Cricinfo staff (August 16, 2007). "Farhat released from central contract".

    Cricinfo. Retrieved 2007-08-16.

    ^ . http://cricketnext.in.com/news/recognise-icl-says-miandad/26518-

    13.html. Retrieved 2008-10-20.

    ^ CricketWorld (December 24, 2007). "Pakistan Bans ICL Players FromDomestic Cricket". CricketWorld. Retrieved 2007-12-26.

    ^ Andrew McGlashan (13 March 2008). "ICL-county situation as clear as

    mud". Cricinfo. Retrieved 2008-03-24.

    ^ Indian Board Threatens To Ban Players Who Play In ICL, Cricket World,

    retrieved August 3, 2008

    ^ South African players warned over rebel league, Reuters, retrieved

    August 3, 2008

    ^ Cricinfo staff (14 May 2007). "Zee Sports denies signing of stars".Cricinfo. Retrieved 2007-06-13.

    ^ Khanna, Roma (14 May 2007). "BCCI's own now have a new job".

    CricketNext. Retrieved 2007-06-13.

    ^ Vasu, Anand (22 August 2007). "ICL to hold camp at Mayajaal in

    Chennai". cricinfo.com. Retrieved 2007-08-23.

    ^ Press Trust of India (23 August 2007). "State minister allows ICL use of

    Eden Gardens". cricinfo.com. Retrieved 2007-08-23.

    ^ Press Trust of India (13 June 2007). "BCCI shoots down ICL". Rediff.com.

    Retrieved 2007-06-13.

    ^ Shanbhag, Sudhakar (13 June 2007). "BCCI Not To Recognise Zee-

    Promoted Indian Cricket League". Worldcuplatest.com. Retrieved 2007-06-13.

    ^ Press Trust of India (21 August 2007). "Kapil sacked as NCA Chairman".

    Rediff.com. Retrieved 2007-08-21.

    http://cricketnext.in.com/news/recognise-icl-says-miandad/26518-13.htmlhttp://cricketnext.in.com/news/recognise-icl-says-miandad/26518-13.htmlhttp://cricketnext.in.com/news/recognise-icl-says-miandad/26518-13.htmlhttp://cricketnext.in.com/news/recognise-icl-says-miandad/26518-13.html
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    ^ "Kapil Dev resigns from ICL, returns to BCCI". Wisden India. Retrieved 25

    July 2010.

    ^ Press Trust of India (21 June 2007). "BCCI hikes domestic match fees".

    Rediff.com. Retrieved 2007-08-22.

    ^ Jamie Alter (13 September 2007). "International Twenty20 leaguelaunched". Cricinfo.com. Retrieved 2007-09-13.

    ^ "Delhi HC orders companies to let players join ICL". Reuters. 27 August

    2007.

    ^ "Cricket row under MRTPC scanner".

    ^ Hoult, Nick (1 October 2008). "Paul Nixon may put county career in

    jeopardy by rejoining 'rebel' Indian Cricket League". The Daily Telegraph

    (London). Retrieved 5 May 2010.

    ^ "Bangladesh vow to ban ICL rebels". BBC News. 17 September 2008.

    Retrieved 5 May 2010.

    ^ http://sify.com/sports/fullstory.php?id=14759551

    ^ Indian Cricket League Announce Plans For 2008

    ^ "Indian Cricket League invades the Americas".

    http://www.mmdnewswire.com/the-indian-cricket-league-invades-the-

    americas-2626.html.+4 December 2007. Retrieved 2007-12-04.

    ^http://www.livemint.com/2008/09/23000301/2008/09/17232516/2008/10/030

    05121/Zee-Twenty20-cricket-league-se.html?d=2

    ^ http://thecricketingleague.blogspot.com/2008/10/zee-promoted-icl-

    planning-to-patent-t20.html

    ^ http://www.indiancricketleague.in/news/inner-news.aspx?

    xfile=data/news/2008/October/news_20081007_20.xml

    ^ http://www.hindustantimes.com/StoryPage/StoryPage.aspx?

    id=8f2e6595-6447-4110-b354-d3d1595530d0^ Giri, Nisha (5 August 2005). "The ICC Is Not Against Procricket". Little

    India. Retrieved 2007-06-13.

    External links

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    This page was last modified on 25 July 2012 at 08:25.

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    Indian Cricket League Sport Cricket

    Founded 2007

    No. of teams 9 city teams, 4 international teams

    Country(ies) India India

    Pakistan Pakistan

    Bangladesh Bangladesh

    World

    Most recent champion(s) Lahore Badshahs, 2008

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    IPL

    he Indian Premier League (IPL) is a professional league for Twenty20 cricket

    championship in India. It was initiated by the Board of Control for Cricket in

    India (BCCI), headquartered in Mumbai,[3][4] and is supervised by BCCI Vice

    President Rajeev Shukla,[5] who serves as the league's Chairman and

    Commissioner. It is currently contested by nine teams, consisting of players

    from around the world. It was started after an altercation between the BCCIand the Indian Cricket League.[6]

    In 2010, IPL became the first sporting event ever to be broadcast live on

    YouTube in association with Indiatimes.[7] Its brand value is estimated to be

    around US$2.99 billion in fifth season.[8] However, the league has been

    engulfed by series of corruption scandals where allegations of cricket betting,

    money laundering and spot fixing were witnessed.[9][10]

    Contents

    1 History

    1.1 First season

    1.2 Second season

    1.3 Third season

    1.4 Fourth season

    1.5 Fifth season

    2 IPL Trophy

    2.1 20082010

    2.2 20112013

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    3 League organisation

    3.1 Franchises

    3.2 Rules

    4 Statistics and records

    4.1 Winners

    5 Prize money

    6 Television rights and sponsorships

    6.1 Television rights

    6.2 Sponsorships

    6.3 Revenue and Profits

    6.4 Controversy about tax exemption

    6.5 Mobile applications

    6.6 Official website

    7 Global interest

    8 See also

    9 References

    10 External links

    History

    First season

    Main article: 2008 Indian Premier League

    The inaugural season of the tournament started on 18 April 2008 and lasted

    for 46 days with 59 matches scheduled, out of which 58 took place and 1 was

    washed out due to rain. The final was played in DY Patil Stadium, Nerul, Navi

    Mumbai. Every team played each other both at home and away in a round

    robin system. The top four ranking sides progressed to the knockout stage of

    semi-finals followed by a final. Rajasthan Royals defeated Chennai Super

    Kings in a thriller and emerged as the inaugural IPL champions.[11]

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    Second season

    Main article: 2009 Indian Premier League

    The 2009 Indian Premier League season, abbreviated as IPL 2 or the 2009 IPL,was the second season of the Indian Premier League. The tournament was

    hosted by South Africa and was played between 18 April and 24 May 2009.

    IPL 2 was the second biggest cricket tournament in the world, after the

    Cricket World Cup,[3] and was forecast to have an estimated television

    audience of more than 200 million people in India alone. The top four ranking

    sides progressed to the knockout stage of semi-finals followed by a final.

    Deccan Chargers defeated Bangalore Royal Challengers in a thriller and

    emerged as the second IPL champions.

    Third season

    Main articles: 2010 Indian Premier League and List of 2010 Indian Premier

    League personnel changes

    The third season opened in January 2010 with the auction for players. 66

    players were on offer but only 11 players were sold. In this season, Deccan

    Chargers did not play at their preferred home location of Hyderabad, India

    due to the political crisis in the Telangana region . The new bases for the

    champions this season were Nagpur, Navi Mumbai and Cuttack. Four teams

    qualified for the semi-finals. The first semi-final was won by Mumbai Indianswho defeated Bangalore Royal Challengers by 35 runs. Chennai Super Kings

    defeated Deccan Chargers in the second semi-final. The final was played

    between Chennai Super Kings and Mumbai Indians. Chennai Super Kings won

    by a margin of 22 runs.

    Fourth season

    Main articles: 2011 Indian Premier League and List of 2011 Indian Premier

    League personnel changes

    Chennai Super Kings are the most successful team in the tournament winningthe championship twice and qualifying for the top four every time.

    On 21 March 2010, it was announced in Chennai that two new teams from

    Pune and Kochi will be added to the IPL for the fourth season. However, the

    bid around the kochi franchisee turned controversial resulting in the

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    resignation of minister, Shashi Tharoor from the Central Government and

    investigations by various departments of the Government of India into the

    financial dealings of IPL and the other existing franchisees. Later, Lalit Modi

    was also removed from IPL chairmanship by BCCI. On 5 December 2010, it

    was confirmed that Kochi will take part in the fourth season of IPL.[12]

    The addition of teams representing Pune and Kochi was to have increased the

    number of franchises from 8 to 10. The BCCI originally considered extending

    the tournament format used in previous season to ten teams, which would

    increase the number of matches from 60 to 94. Instead, the round-robin

    stage of the tournament was to have been replaced by a group stage with

    two groups of five, limiting the number of matches to 74.[13] But this format

    was replaced by another one in which each team would play 5 other teams in

    a two-way round robin format and there would be 2 teams against whom they

    would play only at home and remaining 2 teams against which they wouldplay only away matches.Thus each team plays 14 matches.Top four teams

    would qualify for the semi-finals.

    In October 2010, the Rajasthan Royals and Kings XI Punjab had their

    franchises terminated for breaching ownership rules. The new Kochi franchise

    was also issued a warning to resolve all their ownership disputes.[14] Two

    months later both teams were finally allowed to take part in the 2011 edition

    after a court ruling.[15]

    Chennai Super Kings won their second consecutive title after defeating the

    Royal Challengers Bangalore by 58 runs in the final.[16] This is the first time

    a franchise has won two titles. The top four teams qualified for the 2011

    Champions League Twenty20, which the Mumbai Indians won.

    Fifth season

    Main articles: 2012 Indian Premier League and List of 2012 Indian Premier

    League personnel changes

    Kolkata Knightriders are the most recent champions of the IPL.

    The fifth season featured nine teams after the termination of the Kochi

    franchise and the players auction was held on 4 February 2012. The season

    saw an increase in the allowed maximum number of players in each squad

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    from 30 to 33. The season of 76 matches began and ended in Chennai with

    the opening match on 4 April and the final on 27 May.[17] The Delhi

    Daredevils, Kolkata Knight Riders, Mumbai Indians and Chennai Super Kings

    qualified for the playoffs. Delhi daredevils was the top in the table.

    This edition of the IPL was the most competitive with 14 matches producing

    results in the last over, and a couple in the last ball.[18][19] Towards the end

    of the league, the season faced various hurdles including a spot fixing case,

    which allegedly included 5 players caught on a sting operation carried on by

    a local news channel; India TV.[20]

    The final of the season was played at the Chidambaram Stadium on 27 May,

    where the defending champions Chennai Super Kings played against Kolkata

    Knight Riders. Kolkata Knight Riders won the match in the last over riding on

    the backs of Manvinder Bisla and Jacques Kallis with 5 wickets and 2 balls to

    spare, thereby ending Chennai Super King's two year winning streak.

    IPL Trophy

    20082010

    The diamond-encrusted trophy of DLF Indian Premier League (IPL) Cricket was

    designed by Orra brand, owned by Antwerp-based Rosy Blue Group. Itcomprises a player in a gold leafing. He is shown holding a bat in his hand,

    next to a map of India. On the map, the names of all the IPL teams have been

    engraved by rubies. It took a team of as many as 14 craftsmen to make the

    trophy. Every year, the winners of the IPL T20 tournament are presented with

    a replica of this trophy, along with the prize money.

    20112013

    A new trophy was designed for IPL 4 in view of the It has been changed to a

    large cup.[citation needed]

    League organisation

    Franchises

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    The winning bidders for the eight franchises were announced on 24 January

    2008.[21] While the total base price for auction was US $400 million, the

    auction fetched US $723.59 million.[22]

    On 21 March 2010, Pune and Kochi were unveiled as the two new franchises

    for the fourth edition of the Indian Premier League. The base price was $225

    million. While Pune was bought by Sahara Adventure Sports Group for $370

    million, the Kochi franchise was bought by Rendezvous Sports World Limited

    for $333.3 million. The process was to have been completed on 7 March but

    was postponed by two weeks after many bidders and the BCCI objected to

    stiff financial clauses.[23] The second franchise auction fetched total $703

    million.

    Indian Premier League is located in India

    Chennai Super Kings

    Mumbai Indians

    Pune Warriors India

    Royal Challengers Bangalore

    Delhi Daredevils

    Kings XI Punjab

    Rajahstan Royals

    Kolkata Knight Riders

    Deccan Chargers

    Locations of IPL teams

    Team Name City Owner(s) Captain Head Coach

    Chennai Super Kings Chennai Gurunath Meiyappan

    India Cements Mahendra Singh Dhoni Stephen Fleming

    Deccan Chargers Hyderabad T Venkattram Reddy

    Deccan Chronicle Group Kumar Sangakkara Darren Lehmann

    Delhi Daredevils New Delhi GMR Group Virender Sehwag Eric Simons

    Kings XI Punjab Mohali Ness Wadia, Preity Zinta,

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    Dabur, Apeejay Surendera Group Adam Gilchrist Michael Bevan

    Kolkata Knight Riders Kolkata Shahrukh Khan

    Red Chillies Entertainment

    Juhi Chawla, Jay Mehta Gautam Gambhir Trevor Bayliss

    Mumbai Indians Mumbai Mukesh Ambani

    Reliance Industries Harbhajan Singh Robin Singh

    Pune Warriors India Pune Subrato Roy Sahara Sourav Ganguly

    Dermot Reeve

    Rajasthan Royals Jaipur Lachlan Murdoch

    Emerging Media

    Shilpa Shetty, Raj Kundra Rahul Dravid Monty Desai

    Royal Challengers Bangalore Bangalore Vijay Mallya

    UB Group Daniel Vettori Ray Jennings

    Kochi Tuskers Kerala

    (Defunct) Kochi Kochi Cricket Private Ltd

    Rules

    There are five ways that a franchise can acquire a player: In the annual

    auction, signing domestic players, signing uncapped players, through trading,

    and signing replacements.[24][25] In the trading window, the player can only

    be traded with his consent. The franchise will have to pay the difference

    between the old contract price and the new contract price. If the new

    contract is worth more than the older one, then the difference will be shared

    between the player and the franchise selling the player.[26][27]

    Some of the team composition rules are:

    Minimum squad strength of 16 players plus one physio and a coach.

    No more than 11 foreign players in the squad and maximum 4 foreign

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    players should be in the playing eleven.

    Minimum of 14 Indian players must be included in each squad.

    A minimum of 6 players from the BCCI under-22 pool in each squad.

    IPL games utilize television timeouts, hence there is no time limit for teams to

    complete their innings. However, there may be a penalty if the umpires find

    teams misusing this privilege at their own choice. Additionally, each team is

    awarded two strategic timeouts of 2:30 each per inningsthe teams can take

    the timeout when instructed, but is necessary to take it from 6th to 9th and

    13th to 16th over.

    The total spending cap for a franchisee in the first player auction was US $5million. Under-22 players are to be remunerated with a minimum annual

    salary of US $20,000 while for others it is US $50,000. The most expensive

    players in the IPL to date is Gautam Gambhir of India fetched the highest

    price of $2.4 million from Kolkata Knight Riders at the auction for season 4

    Statistics and records

    Main article: List of Indian Premier League records and statistics

    Winners

    Season Winners Runners-up Semi-finalists Teams

    2008 Rajasthan Royals Chennai Super Kings Kings XI Punjab, Delhi

    Daredevils 8

    2009 Deccan Chargers Royal Challengers Bangalore Delhi Daredevils,

    Chennai Super Kings 8

    Season Winners Runners-up Third place Fourth place Teams

    2010 Chennai Super Kings Mumbai Indians Royal Challengers

    Bangalore Deccan Chargers 8

    2011 Chennai Super Kings Royal Challengers Bangalore Mumbai

    Indians Kolkata Knight Riders 10

    2012 Kolkata Knight Riders Chennai Super Kings Delhi Daredevils

    Mumbai Indians 9

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    \

    Prize money

    [icon] This section requires expansion. (May 2011)

    The IPL offers a total INR25 crore in prize money.[28]

    Champions: INR10 crore

    Runner-up: INR7.5 crore

    Third place: INR3.75 crore

    Fourth place: INR3.75 crore

    No prize money for remaining teams

    The IPL is expected to bring the BCCI an income of approximately US$1.6billion, over a period of five to ten years. All of these revenues are directed to

    a central pool, 40% of which will go to IPL itself, 54% to franchisees and 6%

    as prize money. The money will be distributed in these proportions until 2017,

    after which the share of IPL will be 50%, franchisees 45% and prize money

    5%. The IPL signed up Kingfisher Airlines as the official umpire partner for the

    series in a INR106 crore (US$19.19 million) (approximately 15 million) deal.

    This deal sees the Kingfisher Airlines brand on all umpires' uniforms and also

    on the giant screens during third umpire decisions.[29]

    Television rights

    On 17 January 2008 it was announced that a consortium consisting of India's

    Sony Entertainment Television network and Singapore-based World Sport

    Group secured the global broadcasting rights of the Indian Premier League.

    [30] The record deal has a duration of ten years at a cost of US $1.026 billion.

    As part of the deal, the consortium will pay the BCCI US $918 million for the

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    television broadcast rights and US $108 million for the promotion of the

    tournament.[31] This deal was challenged in the Bombay High Court by IPL,

    and got the ruling on its side. After losing the battle in court, Sony

    Entertainment Television signed a new contract with BCCI with Sony

    Entertainment Television paying INR8,700 crore (US$1.57 billion) for 10 years.

    One of the reasons for payment of this huge amount is seen as the moneyrequired to subsidise IPL's move to South Africa which will be substantially

    more than the previous IPL. IPL had agreed to subsidise the difference in

    operating cost between India and South Africa as it decided to move to the

    African nation after the security concerns raised because of its coincidence

    with India's general elections.

    20% of these proceeds would go to IPL, 8% as prize money and 72% would be

    distributed to the franchisees. The money would be distributed in these

    proportions until 2012, after which the IPL would go public and list its shares(But in March 2010, IPL decided not to go public).[32]

    Sony-WSG then re-sold parts of the broadcasting rights geographically to

    other companies.It is officially broadcasted on Set Max and in internet in

    Times internet.

    On 4 March 2010 ITV announced it had secured the United Kingdom

    television rights for the 2010 Indian Premier League. ITV will televise 59 of

    the 60 IPL matches on its ITV4 free to air channel.[33]

    On 1 April 2011, Rogers Media announced that it signed a four year exclusive

    deal in Canada to broadcast 36 group stage matches, 3 playoff matches and

    1 championship match on its channel Sportsnet One.[34] In the 2012 season,

    its coverage will also include a weekly highlight show and four matches on its

    Omni Television multicultural stations, and the IPL Final will be broadcast on

    the main Sportsnet regional channels.[35]

    Winning Bidder Regional Broadcast Rights Terms of Deal

    Sony Entertainment Television/World Sport Group Nepal, Bangladesh

    10 years, 20082017 at INR8,700 crore (US$1.57 billion) (revised)[30]

    The Times Group Worldwide Global Rights to distribute on broadband,

    mobile and radio. 4 Years 20112014, Terms not released.[36]

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    GEO Super Pakistan Terms not released.

    Carlton Sports Network Sri Lanka Terms not released.

    Network Ten (2008)

    One (20092010) Australia: Free-to-air HD and SD television. Owned byNetwork TEN. 5 years, 20082012 at A$1015 million.[37]

    Sky Network Television (20082010, 2012present) New Zealand Terms

    not released.

    PCCW Hong Kong: Broadcast rights on Now TV. 2 years, 2010

    2011 terms not released.

    StarHub Singapore: Broadcast rights on Cricket Extra. Terms not

    released

    Astro Malaysia Terms not released.

    SuperSport South Africa, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso,

    Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros,

    Ivory Coast, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia,

    Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya,

    Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia,

    Niger, Nigeria, Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Saint Helena, Ascension

    and Tristan da Cunha, So Tom and Prncipe Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra

    Leone, South Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia,

    Zimbabwe 10 Years, 20082017 terms not released.Arab Digital Distribution United Arab Emirates, Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt,

    Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Oman,

    Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, Yemen

    Broadcast rights on CricOne

    10 Years, 20082017 terms not released.[38]

    ITV (2010) Setanta Sports (20082009) United Kingdom: Broadcast onITV4. 4 Years 20112014, Terms not released.

    SportsMax Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, British Virgin

    Islands, Barbados, Bermuda, Cayman Islands, Dominica, Grenada,

    Guadeloupe, Guyana, Jamaica, Martinique, Montserrat, Saint Kitts and

    Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Martin, Sint Maarten, Saint Vincent and the

    Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands,

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    United States Virgin Islands Terms not released

    Sportsnet One/World/Omni (2011present) Asian Television Network (2008

    2010) ATN-Asian Radio (2008present) Canada: Exclusive broadcast

    rights. 4 years, 20112014 terms not released.

    Willow TV (20082010) United States Rights to distribute ontelevision, radio, broadband and Internet, for the IPL in North America. 5

    years, 20082012, terms not released.[39]

    NEO Cricket (2013) Dish Network (2008, 2013) DirecTV (20082010)

    United States Terms not released.

    Sponsorships

    India's biggest property developer DLF Group paid US$50 million to be thetitle sponsor of the tournament for 5 years from 2008 to 2012.[40]

    Other year sponsorship agreements include a deal with motorcycle maker

    Hero Honda worth $22.5-million, one with PepsiCo worth $12.5-million, and a

    deal with beer and airline conglomerate Kingfisher at $26.5-million.[41]

    Revenue and Profits

    The UK-based brand consultancy, Brand Finance, has valued the IPL at $4.13

    billion (Rs 18,998 crore) in 2010.[42] It was valued at US$2.01 billion in 2009

    by the same consultancy.[43]

    There are disputed figures for the profitability of the teams. One analyst said

    that four teams out of the eight made a profit in 2009.[44] While The Times

    said that all but Kings XI Punjab made a profit.[45]

    In 2010, the IPL expects to have 80 official merchandising deals. It has signed

    a deal with Swiss watchmaker Bandelier to make official watches for the IPL.

    [46]

    According to a recent study by a UK-based brand valuation consultancy, the

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    brand value of the IPL has more than doubled to USD 4.13 billion (over Rs

    18,000 crore) from USD 2.01 billion in 2009.[47]

    The franchises have been a part of this growth. The Mumbai Indians have a

    brand value of USD 79.13 million which places them at the top of the table.

    The csk franchise has moved up the ladder with a valuation of USD 63.58

    million. Kolkata Knight Riders co-owned by Bollywood actor Shahrukh Khan

    comes in third with a valuation of USD 57.59 million and the Rajasthan

    Royals, co-owned by Bollywood actress Shilpa Shetty comes in last with USD

    33.78 million. The Royal Challengers Bangalore, owned by Vijay Mallya, is

    ranked fourth with a valuation of USD 55.13 million and is followed by the,

    Delhi Daredevils (USD 40.85 million) and Kings XI Punjab ( USD 35.75 million).

    The Deccan Chargers are at the sixth with a valuation of USD 38.76 million.

    Rank Franchise Brand Valued

    1 Mumbai Indians $79.13 m

    2 Chennai Super Kings $75.58 m

    3 Kolkata Knight Riders $57.576 m

    4 Royal Challengers Bangalore $55.13 m

    5 Delhi Daredevils $40.85 m

    6 Deccan Chargers $38.76 m

    7 Kings XI Punjab $35.75 m

    8 Rajasthan Royals $33.78 m

    Controversy about tax exemption

    A controversy was triggered when the Centre gave away potential revenue of

    INR 45 crore by granting exemption to International Cricket Council (ICC) on

    the revenue generated from the recently concluded World Cup Cricket

    Tournament.[48][49] In connection the PIL filed by Shiv Sena leader Subhash

    Desai seeking a direction to the Maharashtra government and the Income Tax

    Department to recover entertainment tax from IPL. He also asked the

    petitioner to make Sharad Pawar a party if he wanted to make allegations

    against him as he headed the apex cricketing body two years ago.[50]

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    In August 2011, Finance minister Pranab Mukherjee said Tuesday that the

    Income Tax Department is probing allegations of financial irregularities and

    "criminal activities" against some of the franchisees in the Indian Premier

    League (IPL)[51]

    In June 2011, the Chennai High Court said it could not appreciate the tax

    exemption to the Indian Premier League and sought a response from Tamil

    Nadu government on the issue. The PIL filed by Vasan, alias Sakthi Vasan, had

    contended that the matches conducted by the IPL are for the entertainment

    of the public.He submitted that the tickets for the IPL matches were being

    sold at exorbitant rates and the higher range of tickets are purchased by the

    rich and the affluent. The petitioner said the Income Tax Department was the

    authority for regulating the tariff for entertainment, which he said would

    include the IPL matches, but the department failed to regulate the (IPL) tariff.

    [52]

    Mobile applications

    DCI Mobile Studios (A division of Dot Com Infoway Limited), in conjunction

    with Sigma Ventures of Singapore, have jointly acquired the rights to be the

    exclusive Mobile Application partner and rights holder for the Indian Premier

    League cricket matches worldwide for the next 8 years (including the 2017

    season). Recently[when?], they have released the IPL T20 Mobile applications

    for iPhone, Nokia Smartphones and BlackBerry devices. Soon it will be madeavailable across all other major Mobile platforms including the Android,

    Windows Mobile, Palm & others.[53]

    Official website

    The IPL negotiated a contract with the Canadian company Live Current Media

    Inc. to run and operate its portals and the minimum guarantee has been

    negotiated at US $50 million over the next 10 years.[54] The official website

    of the tournament is www.iplt20.com. Incorporating popular forms of social

    media, the website now contains a more holistic presence across all online

    mediums to empower user interaction.

    Global interest

    The third season of the IPL saw interest rise dramatically in the United

    http://var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_3/www.iplt20.comhttp://var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_3/www.iplt20.com
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    Kingdom, due to telecasts being moved from the subscription-based Setanta

    Sports to the free-to-air ITV4. Lalit Modi, then Chairman and Commissioner,

    also expressed immense satisfaction on the way IPL has been accepted by

    the British audience. "ITV beats Sky Sports over the weekend in number of

    viewers. This is great going. The ITV numbers are double that of rugby

    league. This is huge by all imaginations. UK figures for viewership on ITValready 10 times that of last year. This is just fantastic news," he said.[55]

    See also

    Portal icon cricket portal

    List of controversies involving the Indian Premier League

    Players in Indian Premier League

    Champions League Twenty20

    References

    ^ "Indian Premier League / Records / Most runs". Cricinfo.

    ^ "Indian Premier League / Records / Most wickets". Cricinfo.

    ^ Income Tax team visits IPL headquarter in Mumbai,chennai. in.com

    ^ I-T Raids at IPL Headquarter at [[Board of Control for Cricket in India|BCCI

    in Mumbai, reports NDTV]

    ^ "BCCI AGM 2011: Rajiv Shukla appointed IPL chief". Sahara Samay. 19

    September 2011. Retrieved 12 December 2011.

    ^ "BCCI asks players, officials to steer clear of ICL". The Hindu (Chennai,

    India). 25 June 2007. Retrieved 23 March 2010.

    ^ "IPL matches to be broadcast live on Youtube". Cricinfo. 20 January 2010.Retrieved 21 January 2010.

    ^ "Brand IPL comes under a cloud". Business-standard. 8 April 2011.

    Retrieved 12 December 2011.

    ^ "Why is the Indian Premier League floundering?". BBC News. Retrieved

    15 May 2012.

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    ^ "A Tax Inquiry Jolts the World of Indian Cricket". New York Times.

    Retrieved 15 May 2012.

    ^ "2008 ipl". cric.info.

    ^ Finally, Kochi IPL franchise gets go-ahead from BCCI Times of India,

    published: 6 December 2010, accessed: 18 December 2010

    ^ IPL to have 74 matches for next three seasons, Times of India

    ^ Indian Premier League expels two teams in ownership row BBC Sport,

    published: 10 October 2010, accessed: 11 October 2010

    ^ In 2011 IPL , there will be a total of 10 teams with 5 teams in each pool.

    Its going to be a different game altogether this year The winner of top two

    position will have a match against the winner of match of third and fourth

    position for the championship position.

    ^ Dinakar, S. (28 May 2011). "Dhoni and his men are toast of Chennai".

    The Hindu (Chennai, India).

    ^ "IPL 2012". Dainik Jagran. jagran.com. 20 April 2012. Retrieved 20 April

    2012.

    ^ CricketCountry Staff (6 May 2012). "IPL 2012: Most close finishes this

    year". New Delhi: Cricketcountry.com. Retrieved 26 May 2012.

    ^ "Last-gasp IPL thrillers stressful for players, spectators: Morkel". The

    Times of India. IANS (New Delhi). 18 May 2012. Retrieved 18 May 2012.

    ^ Basu, Indranil (16 May 2012). "BCCI suspends 5 cricketers for IPL spot

    fixing". The Times of India (New Delhi). Retrieved 26 May 2012.

    ^ "Cricket". The Times Of India.

    ^ "Cricinfo Big business and Bollywood grab stakes in IPL". ESPNcricinfo.

    24 January 2008. Retrieved 12 December 2011.

    ^ Pune and Kochi unveiled as new IPL franchises

    ^ Slow trading with all eyes on auction, Brief discussion of IPL rules on

    acquiring players.

    ^ IPL lays down guidelines for replacements, Discusses IPL rules on buying

    replacement players players.

    ^ IPL rules when trading players. Cricinfo.com

    ^ "New Rules of IPL 5". http://www.invectura.com. 2012-03-30. Retrieved

    http://www.invectura.com/http://www.invectura.com/
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    2012-03-30.

    ^ Live Match: IPL 2011 MI vs RCB, Match 54 ROW (Television

    production). Indiatimes. 2011. Event occurs at 1:31. Retrieved 2011-05-10.

    ^ "Kingfisher Airlines named IPL's umpire partner". The Economic Times

    (India). 20 March 2008. Retrieved 8 May 2009.

    ^ a b "Sony and World Sports Group bag IPL television rights". Cricinfo. 14

    January 2008. Retrieved 12 April 2008.

    ^ "Billion dollar rights deal for IPL". The Australian. 15 January 2008.

    Retrieved 12 April 2008.

    ^ IndranilBasu (27 January 2008). "Does the IPL model make sense?". The

    Times of India. Retrieved 21 March 2008.

    ^ "ITV to screen IPL in 2010". ITV. 4 March 2010.^ "IPL Cricket live on Sportsnet". Rogers Sportsnet. 1 April 2011.

    ^ http://www.sportsnet.ca/pressroom/2012/04/02/indian_premier_league/

    ^ "Times Group-led consortium wins IPL internet, mobile rights". The Times

    Of India.

    ^ "Cricinfo Australia to get live coverage of IPL". 2 February 2008.

    Retrieved 12 April 2008.

    ^ ADD secures IPL telecast rights for Middle East and North Africa^ "IPL: Willow TV gets TV rights for the Americas". Cricket Next. 9 April

    2008. Retrieved 12 December 2011.

    ^ "Kushal Pal Singh". Forbes. 031109. Retrieved 9 March 2010.

    ^ "Five-year sponsorship agreements". Globe and Mail (Toronto). 230310.

    Retrieved 23 March 2010.

    ^ "Stiff clauses leave only 4 in race for IPL teams". The Economic Times

    (India). 6 March 2010. Retrieved 9 March 2010.

    ^ Brand IPL touches the sky. Iplt20.com

    ^ IPL teams become hot commodity LiveMint article

    ^ Lalit Modi ambition could create problems for IPL franchises

    ^ IPL targets 80 licensing and merchandising deals this year

    http://www.sportsnet.ca/pressroom/2012/04/02/indian_premier_league/http://www.sportsnet.ca/pressroom/2012/04/02/indian_premier_league/
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    ^ "Indian Premier League | IPLT20 Brand IPL touches the sky". Iplt20.com.

    22 March 2010. Retrieved 12 December 2011.

    ^ Rs. 45 crore tax exemption to ICC for World Cup unjustified

    ^ Tax exemptions for rich costs govt Rs 4.6L cr

    ^ Make Pawar party in IPL tax exemption case: Bombay HC

    ^ Govt agencies probing irregularities in IPL, franchisees

    ^ Cannot appreciate tax exemption to IPL: Madras HC

    ^ DCI Mobile studios and; Sigma Ventures acquire global mobile

    Applications rights for IPL T20

    ^ "Live Current Media Inc. and DLF Indian Premier League To Launch

    IPLT20.com as Official IPL Online Destination". livecurrent.com. 18 April 2008.

    ^ "Record ratings for IPL in the UK". http://www.iplt20.com.

    External links

    Official website

    2012 Indian Premier League at ESPNcricinfo

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