IR Spectroscopy 紅外色譜學

Wu L.M.

http://walk.to/wu

Salesians of Don Bosco Ng Siu Mui Secondary School

天主教慈幼會伍少梅中學

簡介內容 HKAL 要求 儀器的簡單認識 簡單介紹理論 實驗過程 基本圖譜認識 譜峰認識及練習 ( 下一堂： * 請預備胡老師手冊

* 完成手冊習作 )

HKAL 課程中對紅外色譜學的要求Syllabus: Instrumentation Analysis

An awareness that spectroscopic methods such as

infra-red spectroscopy

and

nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)

can provide information about the structure

of a molecule.

nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) NMR spectroscopy typically gives the

hydrocarbon fragments

infra-red spectroscopy the most useful information obtained from

an IR spectrum is what functional groups are present within the molecule

Topic: Use of infra-red (IR) spectrum in the identification of functional groups IR spectrum and its use in the identification of the

following groups: C-H O-H N-H C=C C≡C C=O and C ≡ N (Instrumentation is not required)

Suggested Experiments / Activities

 Inspection of IR spectrum of

organic compounds.

紅外線化學儀器IR Spectroscopy Instrument

伍少梅紅外線化學分析網頁

http://hk.geocities.com/tempalbum/

7 IR Characteristic peaks

7 vibrational movement (covalent bond ) 共價鍵

7 個主要官能基 分子的指紋 (peak)

IR spectrum analysis

紅外光譜術 (infrared spectroscopy) 是用來偵測分子的振動能量 ( 或頻率 ) 的技術 鍵長 鍵角

精確地預測分子振動頻率

震動方法

官能基 譜峰位置 / cm-1 Alkane, C–H 2850–2960 Alkene, =C–H 3020–3100 Alkene, C=C 1650–1670 Alkyne, ≡C–H 3300 Alkyne, –C≡C– 2100–2260 Alcohol, O–H 3400–3640 Alcohol, C–O 1050–1150 Carboxylic, O–H 2250-3100 Amine, N–H

3310–3500 Amine, C–N

1030, 1230 Carbonyl, C=O 1670–1780 Nitrile, C≡N 2210–2260

Characteristic Infra-red Absorption Wave number Ranges(Stretching modes)

HKAL

IR spectrum

IR Real Spectrum

IR Spectroscopy Experiment

實驗過程短片 香港科技大學

Learning time……….

Are you read to examine some

IR Spectrum?

Alkane

C-H ： 2840-3095

Alkene

C=C ： 1610-1680=C-H ：3020-3100

Alkynes

C ≡ C ： 2100-2260

≡C-H ： 3300

Alcohol

O-H ： 3400-3640

Alkanoic acid

O-H ： 2250-3100

Amine

N-H ： 3310-3500

Ketone

C=O ： 1670-1780

Aldehyde

C=O ： 1670-1780

Nitrile CN

C≡N ： 2200-2260

Test time……….

Are you read to identify

one unknown IR Spectrum?

EsterQuick Test

C=O ： 1670-1780

C-H ： 2840-3095

自學網頁 胡老師網頁 及 其他參考網頁

http://walk.to/wu http://hk.geocities.com/tempalbum/ http://orgchem.colorado.edu/hndbksupport/irtutor/tutorial.html http://www.hkedcity.net/resources/ires/ires_browse.phtml?

res_cat_id=2870 http://www.chem.ucalgary.ca/courses/351/Carey/Ch13/ch13-ir-

1.html http://www.cofc.edu/~chem/organic/Slides/IR2c/sld019.htm

拜拜！