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896 the University students to take at least part of their clinical work in the Royal and Victoria icnrmaries. Dr. M’Vail argued that the clinical classes of the university professors are much overcrowded whilst other clinical teachers are to a large extent neglected. This state of matters, he contended, is due to the fact that the professors have a predominating influence in the degree examinations. The various physicians and surgeons are already recognised as teachers whose classes qualify for graduation, and in order to promote a more equal distribution of students and to make clinical teaching more practical and effective he proposed that all these gentlemen should take part in the professional examinations for degrees. The Senate, who had been asked to report on the proposal, advised against it and an amendment adopting the view of the Senate was moved by Professor Adamson who expressed his sympathy with the desire to secure the clinical facilities of the several hospitals for the benefit of the students. He, however, refused to believe that the large attendance in certain classes was to be explained by the mere fact that the teachers were also examiners. He opposed Dr. M’Vail’s proposal on the ground that its adoption meant the trans- ference of the appointment of examiners from the University authorities to the governing boards of the hospitals. Whilst willing to consider any reasonable p’an fcr restricting the size of clinical classes he could not assent to a scheme which would remove the control of the University from examina- tions which admitted to a university degree. On being put the amendment was carried by 5 votes to 4.-The Senate have resolved, at the graduation ceremony in April, to confer the honorary degree of LL D. on Mr. Andrew Cecil Bradley, M.A., formerly Professor of English Literature in the Uni- versity ; Mr. Charles 83ott Dickson, K.C., M.P., Solicitor- General for Scotland; and Dr. Arthur William Ruoker, F.R.S., secretary of the Royal Society. From some statistics recently collected it appears that since women were admitted to graduation in the University 49 have taken the degree of M.A., 15 with honours, four have graduated in the science faculty, and 52 have taken the degrees of Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery. The special organisa- tion and facilities provided at Queen Margaret College are evidently appreciated, as Glasgow can claim more medical women graduates than can any other Scottish University. Meat Inspection igi Glasgow. A special committee of the town council has reported that in addition to the detective system of meat inspection at present in operation in the city it is necessary for the security of the public health to make further regulations for the examination of meat which is to be offered for public consumption. The committee advises the provision of suit- able and convenient premises for such inspection and favours the proposal to provide some form of marking or stamp for meat which has been approved, so that firms using meat in large quantities may have a ready guarantee that no diseased meat passes into their premises. The need for some effective supervision is emphasised by a recent case in which the owner of a condemned carcass actually produced a certifioate from a local veterinary surgton stating the meat to be fit for human food, though on cross-examination he admitted that he was aware that the animal was diseased. The late Dr. James Dunlop. I By the death of Dr. James Dunlop, a well-known figure has been removed from the medical world of Glasgow. Dr. Dunlop had re ached the age of 67 years and had been engaged in active practice since he graduated at the UnivEr- sity of Glasgow in 1857. His earliest experience was gained as house surgeon to Lord Lister in the Royal Infirmary, and almost from the outset he devoted his chief attention to surgical practice. At an early age he became Professor of Surgery in Anderson’s College Medical School, a position which he held for more than 20 years. Until he retired a few years ago he also held the position of senior surgeon to the Royal Infirmary For many years he dis- played a keen and enthusiastic interest in the medical branch of the volunteer service ; his first commission was dated November, 1860, and in 1890 he became Brigade-Surgeon- Lieutenant-Colonel to the Glasgow Brigade. Advancing age hardly checked his devotion to this work, and in January of last year he went out to South Africa, where he was appointed one of the surgeons to the Wynberg Base Hospital. His return in August was celebrated by a banquet, at which he gave a lively and incitive account of his experiences. In addition to his connexion with the Royal Infirmary, Dr. Dunlop was surgeon to the Lock Hospital and a governor of t the Samaritan and Victoria infirmaries ; in the promotion of l the last-mentioned institution he took a prominent part. 3 He was also for many years medico-legal adviser to the Crown, and in this capacity his name has been , associated with many of the great criminal trials of the last ; generation. His other professional positions were largely ! connected with the Faculty of Physicians and Surgeons, in I which he held at different times various cfficee, including L those of examiner and visitor. To many Dr. Dunlop was i known as an ardeL sportsman and i3aturalibt, and his letters descriptive of his fishing holidays on the Scottish coast con- tain many valuable observations on natural history and have a full measure of the saving faIt of humour. Possibly Dr. Dunlop was concerned in too many directions to obtain great, excellence in any, but his force of character secured wide recognition and his genial and kicd]y disposition made for him a wide circle of appreciative friends Dr. Dunlop is- survived by his widow, six fon, and one daughter; one of i the sons is at present serving as a civil surgeon with tbe- army in South Africa. March 19tb. IRELAND. (FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENTS.) The HealtA of ZM&M. THE above title is almost paradoxical. The exceptionally- high death-rate which has recently been notified in Dublin, has caused much comment in the public journals and many letters and suggestions from the citizens. The wretched and overcrowded state of the tenement houses has long been looked upon as a foremost factor in the spread of disease. The matter is dealt with in a letter from Sir Charles Cameron in the Irish Times of March 19th, which contains some interesting statements and figures. The evil of overcrowdirg, he says, does not now largely exists, for the census which has just been taken in reference to the dwellings of 15,000 families occupying the lowest-class houses shows that the number of persons in those houses is in the ratio of 2 5 per room. This is a great improvement on the state of things disclosed by a similar census in 1881 when it appeared that- 32,000 families occupied 48,000 rooms, or cue family per- one and a half rooms. The Irish Workhouse AssotJiation. The annual meeting of the Irish Workhouse Association took place in the Mansion House on March 8th and was to a. large extent a medical function. The Right Hon. Lord Monteagle, K.P., the President, occupied the chair, and resolutions were proposed by Dr. T. Mvles, President of the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Sir William Thomson, Sir Philip C. Smyly, and Colonel Everard, D.L. Public attention was called to the fact that although the association has been but a comparatively short time in existence it has been the means by which a great deal of good has been effected. One of the speakers remarked that if the associa- tion bad done nothing beyond inducing the Government to pay half the salaries of the trained nurses in workhouse hospitals it would have fully justified its existence. Sir William Thomson said that he was delighted to notice in the report that the Government bad consented to a reform, and that the first step had been taken in the appointment of a medical inspector whose duty it would be not alone to look after the buildings, but also to see that the infirm and sick were taken the best possible care of. , the Royal College of Surgeons in I’l’eland. At a meeting of the Fellows of the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland on March 19th, Sir William Thomson and Mr. Robert H. Woods were elected members of the council to fill two vacancies. The Royal University of Ireland. A deputation from the Royal University of Ireland waited upon Earl Cadcgan, the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, on March 9th, for the purpose of requesting the appointment of a Royal Commission to inquire into the woxking of the Royal University as an examining and teaching body in relation to the educational needs of the country at large. After several members of the deputation had spoken his Excellency made a very conciliatory reply and stated that he had brought the matter before the Cabinet and that a Royal Commission would be appointed. Of course, a great deal will now depend
Transcript
Page 1: IRELAND

896

the University students to take at least part of their clinicalwork in the Royal and Victoria icnrmaries. Dr. M’Vailargued that the clinical classes of the university professorsare much overcrowded whilst other clinical teachers are to alarge extent neglected. This state of matters, he contended,is due to the fact that the professors have a predominatinginfluence in the degree examinations. The various physiciansand surgeons are already recognised as teachers whose classesqualify for graduation, and in order to promote a more equaldistribution of students and to make clinical teaching morepractical and effective he proposed that all these gentlemenshould take part in the professional examinations for degrees.The Senate, who had been asked to report on the proposal,advised against it and an amendment adopting the view ofthe Senate was moved by Professor Adamson who expressedhis sympathy with the desire to secure the clinical facilitiesof the several hospitals for the benefit of the students.He, however, refused to believe that the large attendancein certain classes was to be explained by the mere fact thatthe teachers were also examiners. He opposed Dr. M’Vail’sproposal on the ground that its adoption meant the trans-ference of the appointment of examiners from the Universityauthorities to the governing boards of the hospitals. Whilstwilling to consider any reasonable p’an fcr restricting thesize of clinical classes he could not assent to a scheme whichwould remove the control of the University from examina-tions which admitted to a university degree. On being put theamendment was carried by 5 votes to 4.-The Senate haveresolved, at the graduation ceremony in April, to confer thehonorary degree of LL D. on Mr. Andrew Cecil Bradley,M.A., formerly Professor of English Literature in the Uni-versity ; Mr. Charles 83ott Dickson, K.C., M.P., Solicitor-General for Scotland; and Dr. Arthur William Ruoker,F.R.S., secretary of the Royal Society. From some statisticsrecently collected it appears that since women were admittedto graduation in the University 49 have taken the degree ofM.A., 15 with honours, four have graduated in the sciencefaculty, and 52 have taken the degrees of Bachelor ofMedicine and Bachelor of Surgery. The special organisa-tion and facilities provided at Queen Margaret College areevidently appreciated, as Glasgow can claim more medicalwomen graduates than can any other Scottish University.

Meat Inspection igi Glasgow.A special committee of the town council has reported

that in addition to the detective system of meat inspectionat present in operation in the city it is necessary for the

security of the public health to make further regulationsfor the examination of meat which is to be offered for publicconsumption. The committee advises the provision of suit-able and convenient premises for such inspection and favoursthe proposal to provide some form of marking or stamp formeat which has been approved, so that firms using meatin large quantities may have a ready guarantee that nodiseased meat passes into their premises. The need forsome effective supervision is emphasised by a recent case inwhich the owner of a condemned carcass actually produceda certifioate from a local veterinary surgton stating the meatto be fit for human food, though on cross-examination headmitted that he was aware that the animal was diseased.

The late Dr. James Dunlop. I

By the death of Dr. James Dunlop, a well-known figurehas been removed from the medical world of Glasgow.Dr. Dunlop had re ached the age of 67 years and had beenengaged in active practice since he graduated at the UnivEr-sity of Glasgow in 1857. His earliest experience was gainedas house surgeon to Lord Lister in the Royal Infirmary, andalmost from the outset he devoted his chief attention to

surgical practice. At an early age he became Professor ofSurgery in Anderson’s College Medical School, a positionwhich he held for more than 20 years. Until he retireda few years ago he also held the position of senior

surgeon to the Royal Infirmary For many years he dis-

played a keen and enthusiastic interest in the medical branchof the volunteer service ; his first commission was datedNovember, 1860, and in 1890 he became Brigade-Surgeon-Lieutenant-Colonel to the Glasgow Brigade. Advancing agehardly checked his devotion to this work, and in January oflast year he went out to South Africa, where he was appointedone of the surgeons to the Wynberg Base Hospital. Hisreturn in August was celebrated by a banquet, at which hegave a lively and incitive account of his experiences. Inaddition to his connexion with the Royal Infirmary, Dr.Dunlop was surgeon to the Lock Hospital and a governor of

t the Samaritan and Victoria infirmaries ; in the promotion ofl the last-mentioned institution he took a prominent part.3 He was also for many years medico-legal adviser to

the Crown, and in this capacity his name has been, associated with many of the great criminal trials of the last; generation. His other professional positions were largely! connected with the Faculty of Physicians and Surgeons, inI which he held at different times various cfficee, including

L those of examiner and visitor. To many Dr. Dunlop wasi known as an ardeL sportsman and i3aturalibt, and his letters

descriptive of his fishing holidays on the Scottish coast con-tain many valuable observations on natural history and havea full measure of the saving faIt of humour. Possibly Dr.Dunlop was concerned in too many directions to obtain great,excellence in any, but his force of character secured wide

recognition and his genial and kicd]y disposition made forhim a wide circle of appreciative friends Dr. Dunlop is-survived by his widow, six fon, and one daughter; one of

i the sons is at present serving as a civil surgeon with tbe-army in South Africa.March 19tb.

IRELAND.

(FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENTS.)

The HealtA of ZM&M.THE above title is almost paradoxical. The exceptionally-

high death-rate which has recently been notified in Dublin,has caused much comment in the public journals and manyletters and suggestions from the citizens. The wretchedand overcrowded state of the tenement houses has long beenlooked upon as a foremost factor in the spread of disease.The matter is dealt with in a letter from Sir Charles Cameronin the Irish Times of March 19th, which contains someinteresting statements and figures. The evil of overcrowdirg,he says, does not now largely exists, for the census whichhas just been taken in reference to the dwellings of 15,000families occupying the lowest-class houses shows that thenumber of persons in those houses is in the ratio of 2 5 perroom. This is a great improvement on the state of thingsdisclosed by a similar census in 1881 when it appeared that-32,000 families occupied 48,000 rooms, or cue family per-one and a half rooms.

The Irish Workhouse AssotJiation. -

The annual meeting of the Irish Workhouse Associationtook place in the Mansion House on March 8th and was to a.large extent a medical function. The Right Hon. LordMonteagle, K.P., the President, occupied the chair, andresolutions were proposed by Dr. T. Mvles, President of theRoyal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Sir William Thomson,Sir Philip C. Smyly, and Colonel Everard, D.L. Publicattention was called to the fact that although the associationhas been but a comparatively short time in existence it hasbeen the means by which a great deal of good has beeneffected. One of the speakers remarked that if the associa-tion bad done nothing beyond inducing the Government topay half the salaries of the trained nurses in workhousehospitals it would have fully justified its existence. SirWilliam Thomson said that he was delighted to notice in thereport that the Government bad consented to a reform, andthat the first step had been taken in the appointmentof a medical inspector whose duty it would be not alone tolook after the buildings, but also to see that the infirm andsick were taken the best possible care of.

, the Royal College of Surgeons in I’l’eland.At a meeting of the Fellows of the Royal College of

Surgeons in Ireland on March 19th, Sir William Thomsonand Mr. Robert H. Woods were elected members of thecouncil to fill two vacancies.

The Royal University of Ireland.A deputation from the Royal University of Ireland waited

upon Earl Cadcgan, the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, on

March 9th, for the purpose of requesting the appointment ofa Royal Commission to inquire into the woxking of the RoyalUniversity as an examining and teaching body in relation tothe educational needs of the country at large. After severalmembers of the deputation had spoken his Excellency madea very conciliatory reply and stated that he had brought thematter before the Cabinet and that a Royal Commissionwould be appointed. Of course, a great deal will now depend

Page 2: IRELAND

897

on those who may be appointed on this body, but as theCommission is a Royal one it is expected that there will bemembers from other parts of the United Kingdom than fIreland ; indeed, many think it would be wiser to appoint tno one from Ireland on it as sectarian and political bias is r

so rampant in this country at present, even in educational Imatters. I

Ulster Medical Society, (

The fifth meeting of the session of the Ulster Medical N

Society was held in the Physiological Laboratory, Queen’s 13College, Belfast, on March 15tb, the President, Professor tW. H. Thompson, being in the chair. The President showed a tconvenient form of Kjeldahl apparatus for estimating the total 1amount of nitrogen and a new apparatus for making standard falkaline solutions. Dr. Robert Allen gave a demonstration 13of Microscopic Sections of Granular Cells in Tnmonrs. 1Professor J. Symington gave a lantern demonstration of thePre-natal and Post-natal Development of the Cerebral Hemi-spheres. Dr. R J. Johnstone gave a demonstration of aseries of pathological specimens mounted dry with gl3cerinein the lower part of the j jirs, which were hermeticallysealed. Professor J. Symington and Dr. J. A. Craigshowed (1) a specimen of Hypertrophy of the NasalTurbinals (with lantern slides) ; (2) specimens of Caeca andVermiform Appendices; (3) a Skull with Defective Tegmen-tum Tympani ; and (4) an Impacted Fracture of the Neck of ‘the Femur. Professor J. Symington and Dr. J. Tennant-exhibited a Section of a Female Pelvis containing a Tumour. IDr. J. Lorrain Smith and Mr. Robert Campbell showed (1) aCongenital Cystic Sarcoma removed from a child three weeksold, and (2) a Sarcoma of the Upper Third of the Femur of

v

a Child. Dr. Thomas Houston read a paper on Anaemia in aCase of Typhoid Fever. He first pointed out that enteric

1

fever was one of the few septic conditions of the blood in 1

which the number of leucocytes per cubic millimetre weredecreased ; that this decrease was due to an apparent"decrease of the polymorphonuclear elements. The differ--ential coants made in this case showed a high percentageof lymphocytes and large mononuclear leucocytes. The usualexplanation of this disease as given by Ehrlich and others isthat the toxins of the typhoid bacilli repel the polymorpho-nuclear elements (negative chemotaxis). The reader went onto adduce evidence from the determinations made in thiscase that this theory of negative chemotaxis was not

applicable to typhoid fever. He showed that there were manyreasons for believing that in typhoid fever there was atendency to dilation of the blood and that this tendencywould fully account for the peculiarities of the blood as illus-trated by the differential counts given. He quoted a caseof typical chlorosis which had apparently been set up bytyphoid fever, and he pointed out that this disease was alsoone in which there was a marked dilation of the blood, asshown by the work of Dr. Lorrain Smith on Anaemia. Theblood determinations illustrating the paper were those ofpatients in the Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast. An

interesting discussion followed in which the President, Dr.Lorrain Smith, Professor J. A. Lindsay, Dr. W. Calwell, andColonel J. Moorhead took part.

Agmondisham B. Vesey, M.R.C.P. Irel., J. P.I regret to announce the death of Mr. A B. Vesey of

Magherafelt, co Derry, a practitioner who was much respectedin the north of Ireland. On the evening of March 12th,while proceeding on his way home from the dispensarysituated a short distance from his residence, he fellsuddenly in an anginous attack and expired. Duringthe past 12 months Mr. Vesey has been in declininghealth and in August, 1900. he was compelled to relin-

quish his duties as medical officer of the dtspen-sary and workhouse for six months, and this leave ofabsence was further extended at the last meeting of theboard of guardians. Mr. Vesey studied in Dablin, at theRichmond Hospital. He qualified in 1873 and was a Memberof the Royal Col’ege of Physicians of Ireland and a Licentiateof the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland. Returning to hisnative place. Magherafelt, where his grandfather was rector,he succeeded his father as medical officer of the workhouseand dispensary, and as physician to the fever hospital. Mr.

Vesey was greatly respected by both rich and poor, who hadthe utmost confidence in his professional skill, and hissudden death is universally deplored. He was a J.P. for the

county of Derry. He was buried on March 15, a largeconcourse of patients and friends following his remains totheir last resting-place.

Sam1tel Doake, M.A., M.D. R. U.I.I regret also to chronicle the death of a distinguished

former student of Belfast, Dr. S. Doake, which occurred athis residence, The Hill, Dromara, co. Down, on March 14th.A very able student during his Queen’s College course, Dr.Doake graduated M.D. of the Old Queen’s University in 1862.He then entered the army, but residence in India so brokedown his constitution, which was never a robust one, that hewas obliged to retire on half-pay. Coming home he wasappointed medical officer of the Dromara Dispensary, butthis office he had to relinquish owing to ill health. Sincethen he has lived in retirement with his children atThe Hill, the house in which he was born. A great personalfavourite, and a man of thorough ability, Dr. Doake was

always handicapped by a weak physique. He was buried onMarch 16th.March, 19th.

PARIS.(FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.)

Legal Action on Account of X-Ray Burns.THE Civil Tribunal of Paris has just given judgment in

a case which lasted for some time and which raised aninteresting point as to the responsibility of a medical man.A lady named M- prosecuted a medical radiographer forhaving, as she alleged, committed an error in having injuredher by burns produced by the x rays. Madame M- hadsuffered for some years from acute sciatica and on theadvice of her family medical attendant she had consentedto have her leg radiographed by Dr. B-, who gave herthree sittings. The first lasted 40 minutes, the second 45minutes, and the third one and a quarter hours. Before thislast sitting the skin of Madame M-’s thigh was noticed tobe somewhat red and inflamed from the preceding sittings.But although Madame M- mentioned this Dr. B madelight of it and went on with the third sitting of one and aquarter hours, at the end of which time Madame M- hada burn of the third degree which confined her for fourmonths to her bed. On this account she claimed 5000 francsdamages from Dr. Buzz. . Dr. Brouardel and M. Ogier,who had been nominated as expert witnesses by the tribunal,sent in a very remarkable report according to which Dr.B - was not responsible for the damage. In theirviews the method of application in radiography is not yetformulated and no one knows the conditions which giverise to the fact that some patients are burned while otherswith even longer exposures are unhurt. In the same way it is

impossible to foresee out of a body of men marching in thesun who will be affected by sunstroke. It was, however, tobe regretted that Dr. B- did not pay attention before thecommencement of the long third sitting to the inflammationwhich had appeared after the second sitting. Despite thisdefinite report the court gave Madame M- the full

damages asked for-namely, 5000 francs-declaring that Dr.B- had acted imprudently, more like a workman than amedical man, and that his apparatus was defective. Thisjudgment, however, is subject to appeal.

Sllbcutaneolls Injections of Chauli2ioogra Oil in Leprosy.M. Hallopeau and M. du Castel have made known to

the Academy of Medicine some results, founded on someresearches of Tourtoulis Bey, which they had obtained incases of leprosy by the use of cbaulmoogra oil given by sub-cutaneous injection. If given by the mouth the drug wasoften badly borne and so its use had to be given up too soon,for it is a remedy which has to be employed for a long time todo any good. M. Hallopeau remarked that from the composi-tion of the oil not being exactly known it was often suppliedin an adulterated condition, whence the variable results andoften-times the ill success obtained in the hospitals by thistreatment. When the subcutaneous injections were wellborne they gave in certain cases excellent results and evenbrought about apparent cure, but it must be rememberedthat cases of leprosy often underwent unexpected and

spontaneous amelioration and that the injections were

sometimes very badly borne. M. du Castel said that hehad obtained good results in the tubercular form but practi-cally no result in the nervous form. In his opinion thetreatment should be reserved for the grave cases, for it was

painful and like all oily injections was wont to produce,despite every precaution, painful abscesses or pulmonaryembolism.


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