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IRIS: Iowa Rivers Information System Provide a consistent base layer for locational accuracy Document the health of Iowa’s riverine environments through data coordination Track biodiversity locally within a global perspective Helping to direct management, protection, restoration, and educational efforts within Iowa’s river resources Prioritizing conservation efforts Easy accessibility to all information Consistent Hydrologic Base Layer Attribute Database Coordination IRIS Goals Tracking Biodiversity & Prioritizing Conservation Efforts When first envisioning how we were going to get the IRIS database into the hands of users, we thought using the Illinois Stream Information System (ISIS - above) method Accessibility of Information The IRIS Team: Kevin Kane, IRIS Coordinator, Co-PI ISU GIS Facility, ISU, [email protected] Clay Pierce, Co-PI Dept. Animal Ecology, ISU, [email protected] Robin McNeely, IRIS Attribution, IRIS Base Layer Dept. Animal Ecology, ISU, [email protected] Patrick Brown, IRIS User Interface, IRIS Base Layer ISU GIS Facility, ISU, [email protected] Aquatic Habitat Biologist Dept. Animal Ecology, ISU Please visit the following webpages for more information about Aquatic Gap Analysis: IRIS and Aquatic GAP - mombasa.gis.iastate.edu/iris/iris.htm Iowa Gap Analysis - www.iowagap.iastate.edu National Gap Analysis - www.gap.uidaho.edu/gap Final Products / Credits: The Iowa Aquatic Gap Analysis Program will publish a final report explaining the biodiversity status of breeding aquatic species in the state. In conjunction with this biodiversity analysis, an atlas of land cover and the rivers database will also be published. The documents will be available on CD and on the Iowa Aquatic GAP website in Adobe Acrobat .pdf format. The GIS datasets used to create the land cover, stewardship and aquatic species layers will be available for downloading via ftp service. This same GIS data will be available for interactive viewing and querying over the Internet using ESRI’s Internet Map Server software. Credits: Missouri Resource Assessment Partnership National Gap Analysis Program Illinois Stream Information System IRIS Overview IR IS (D N R/G SB & ISU ) IO W ATER M ussel Survey M any, m any others DNR EPD In-Stream H abitat ISU/D NR Fisheries DNR GSB N ature M apping W atershed/ Stream Bio-Prediction Aquatic GAP ISIS •R each •Valley Seg •D yn.Seg. • Using National Hydrography Dataset (NHD) • Two phases of development: • Phase I – Reach based inventory • Phase II – Dynamic Segmentation model • Linkages by reach to other attribute databases Phase I Reach Based Percent Cropland By Reach Phase II Dynamic Segmentation Begin Reach End Reach Begin Sample End Sample Ecoregions Landcover Watersheds Rivers Land Stewardship IS IS IR IS AGAP Stream access sites Yes ?? Bankside land cover Yes No EPA BIO STO R ET C ross-Index Yes Yes Bridges Yes ?? Biological Stream Characterization Rating Yes ?? Channelization Yes No D am s and levees Yes Yes Elevation Yes Yes Fish kills Yes Yes Historic sites Yes No Lake endpoints Yes ?? Stew ardship (natural and recreation areas) Yes Yes W atersam pling stations Yes ?? Gradient Y es Substrate Y es Current Y es Turbidity Y es Physical Structure Y es Flow Y es Temperature Y es Aquatic Vegetation Y es (pre-NH D ) IS IS IR IS AGAP S tream IDs Yes No W atersheds Yes Yes -14 S tream nam es Yes ??? S tream length Yes No S tream route Yes No S tream order Yes No Yes C ounties Yes Yes P ublic land survey Yes Yes USG S quads Yes Yes S tream Type Y es Iowa Rivers Information System (IRIS) focuses on the need for a comprehensive database relating physical, chemical, and biological information on a broad spatial scale to in-stream habitat and fishery resources in interior Iowa rivers. The approach is to develop a geographic information system (GIS) focusing on Iowa rivers incorporating geology, land cover and use, watershed, channel morphology, hydrology, water quality, biological information, etc. Numerous existing databases available from a variety of sources and in a variety of formats will be incorporated. These existing databases will be integrated into a common GIS format tailored specifically for exploring data relationships with specific points along rivers. The resulting Iowa Rivers Information System enables quantitative analysis of a tremendous amount of information covering a broad spatial scale, facilitate visualization of relationships using the graphic flexibility of the GIS approach, and provide the framework to continuously add new information as it becomes available from data providers and fieldwork. IRIS will first be used to explore differences in physical and chemical characteristics associated with Iowa rivers and among sites within rivers. The Nature Conservancy’s Aquatic Classification System will be used for this classification. This analysis will provide quantitative as well as graphic comparisons among rivers, ecoregions, The Need for IRIS and Iowa Aquatic GAP and large drainage units and will help focus potential research and management efforts. For example, rivers will be characterized by variables such as sinuosity, gradient, watershed area, percent of watershed by land cover and use, wooded riparian zone, discharge variability, average nitrate concentration, etc. Sites for detailed study of in-stream habitat and fish populations will then be chosen to represent the broad ranges of these variables. Results of previous studies in the literature will provide a basis for predicting relationships between these variables and in-stream habitat and fish populations, providing a valuable interim management tool before detailed studies in Iowa rivers are completed. IRIS is designed to accommodate data from detailed field studies in Iowa rivers as they become available. Inclusion of these data will permit direct evaluation of relationships between database variables and in-stream habitat and fishery resources in Iowa rivers as well as building a standard database of Iowa river data. IRIS will be an exceptionally powerful tool for directing management, protection, restoration, and educational efforts with Iowa rivers. Questions as broad in scope as, “Does percent in-stream cover vary between ecoregions?”, or as narrow as, “Does percent in-stream cover vary with sinuosity?” can be answered in both quantitative and graphic formats. Example Species Habitat Affinity Database (MO) Watershed / Stream Bio-prediction General Approach Step 1. Classify Iowa’s riverine resources into distinct valley segment types Step 2. Assess the relative conservation status of each valley segment type and develop initial conservation priorities (quality and quantity) Step 3. Predict the biological potential of each valley segment Step 4. Revise initial conservation priorities using biological information Step 5. Identify valley segments which are both biologically significant and of relatively high quality NHD Developing a Digital Data Layer of Valley Segment Types Purpose Delineate distinct stream environments Evolutionary and Ecologically Meaningful Units (See EDUs below) Serve as the habitat template for predicting biological potential Protocol The Nature Conservancy’s Aquatic Community Classification Framework Based on Ecoregions and Watersheds aka EcoDrainage Units (EDUs) * Ecoregion: Des Moines Lobe * Basin: Des Moines * River Size: Medium * Structure: Unconfined valley * Flow: Perennial * Temperature: Warm * Gradient: Moderate * Substrate: Fine * Hydrograph: Stable Example of Distinct Valley Segment Type IRIS and Aquatic GAP Predictive Modeling Habitat Affinity Databse Historic and Sampled Distributions Predictive Model Watershed Influence to Habitat Classifying Rivers Habitat Affinity Database Statewide Known Distributions by Hydrologic Unit Valley Segment Data layer Predicting the Biological Potential of each Valley Segment Build a consistent hydrologic base layer (the spatial database) for IRIS (and Aquatic GAP) in cooperation with the Iowa DNR's GIS Section using the National Hydrographic Dataset (NHD) including: • coding stream IDs, • watersheds, • stream names, • stream length, • stream route and order, and • boundaries, • counties, • TRS (public land survey), • USGS quads, etc. for every reach in the state. When the idea of creating a statewide stream database for Iowa was first being discussed there were several existing models we were able to look at for guidance. One of theses, the Illinois Stream Information System (ISIS), was extremely useful for us because of the similarities between our river systems and our familiarity with the ISIS staff. For this reason, the first set of attributes per reach on our wish list were those that were collected for ISIS. Attributes needed to complete Iowa’s Aquatic Gap Analysis were also added to our collection list. These two sets of attribute variables were then compared to what had already been collected for IRIS. Those comparison tables are shown to the left. The official start of the IRIS project has allowed us to begin the process of attributing the new NHD reach coverages (see below). IRIS interface showing attributes as themes Comparison of ISIS, IRIS and Aquatic Gap Attributes These two figures show examples of the initial IRIS attributions that will be completed for all Iowa watersheds by stream reach (attributes from the table circled in red above). On the left, each of the NHD reaches has been assigned a stream order by spatial conflation with the DNR’s stream order coverage. On the right, each reach is evaluated by the percent of deciduous forest within 90m of the reach. IRIS will use the completed Iowa GAP landcover map for this type of analysis for all landcover types. Percent Cropland By Reach of dissemination through a CD product was the way to go. As time has gone by and map serving via the internet has matured, we are now proposing to provide IRIS users with on-line, real time access through an ArcIMS Server (see figure left below). Access via the internet map server will allow users to have the latest versions of the data without relying on updates to CDs plus the ability to analyze the data using GIS tools without having to purchase costly software. Predefined queries such as those show below will help novice users gather information from the data to make timely management decisions. IRIS ArcIMS interface showing river attributes (http://siberia.gis.iastate.edu/iris) IRIS application showing percent cropland per reach and inset with orthophoto and GAP landcover Kevin Kane, ISU GIS Facility, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa Kevin Kane, ISU GIS Facility, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa IRIS Cooperators:
