Disclosure to Promote the Right To Information

Whereas the Parliament of India has set out to provide a practical regime of right to information for citizens to secure access to information under the control of public authorities, in order to promote transparency and accountability in the working of every public authority, and whereas the attached publication of the Bureau of Indian Standards is of particular interest to the public, particularly disadvantaged communities and those engaged in the pursuit of education and knowledge, the attached public safety standard is made available to promote the timely dissemination of this information in an accurate manner to the public.

इंटरनेट मानक

“!ान $ एक न' भारत का +नम-ण”Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda

“Invent a New India Using Knowledge”

“प0रा1 को छोड न' 5 तरफ”Jawaharlal Nehru

“Step Out From the Old to the New”

“जान1 का अ+धकार, जी1 का अ+धकार”Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan

“The Right to Information, The Right to Live”

“!ान एक ऐसा खजाना > जो कभी च0राया नहB जा सकता है”Bhartṛhari—Nītiśatakam

“Knowledge is such a treasure which cannot be stolen”

“Invent a New India Using Knowledge”

है”ह”ह

IS 2179 (1979): converted timber for lorry bodies [CED 9:Timber and Timber Stores]

IS : 2179 - 1979

Indian Standard SPECIFICATION FOR

CONVERTED TIMBER FOR LORRY BODIES

( First Revision )

Timber Sectional Committee, BDC 9

Chairman

Sam B.P. SRIVASTAVA

Members

SHRI S. S. ABHYANXAR

Representing

Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation

Engineer-in-Chief’s Branch, Army Headquarters SHRI S. K. GUPTA ( ~Iltcrnate )

Railway Board ( Ministry of Railways ) . . ADDITIONAL DIRECTOR ( TIMBER ) JOINT DIRECTOR ( WORKS ) ( &tcrnate )

CHIEF CONSERVATOR OF FORESTS, Agriculture, Forests and Cooperation Department, VADODARA Government of Gujarat, Ahmadabad

ADDITIONAL CHIEF CONSER- VATOR OF FORESTS ( Alternate )

CHIEB CONSERVATOR OB FIJRESTS Forest Department, Government of Himachal Pradesh, Simla

CONSERVATOR OB FORESTS ( Alternate ) SHRI G. C. DAS National Test House, Calcutta DEPUTY INSPECTOR GENERAL OB Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation

FORESTS DIRECTOR, FOREST RESEARCH AND Forest Department, Government of Karnataka,

UTILIZATION Bangalore GAP'7 v.f'. GARB Naval Headquarters

SERI R. S. CHAUDHARY ( Alternate ) DK JOSEPH GEORGE Indian Plywood Industries’ Research Institute,

Bangalore SARI V. SIVANANDA ( Alternate )

SHRI D. P. JOSHI Forest Department, Government of Uttar Pradesh,

SHRI K. S. LAULY Lucknow

Federation of Indian Plywood and Panel Industry, New Delhi

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR ( Alternate ) SHRI P. V. MEHTA Directorate General of Technical Development,

New Delhi LT-COL S. A. MOHILE Ministry of Defence ( R & D )

SHRIU.B.KANCEAN (Alternate)

( Continued on page 2 1

Q Copyright 1979 INDIAN STANDARDS INSTITUTION

This publication is protected under the Indian Copyright Act ( XIV of 1957 ) and reproduction in whole or in part by any means except with written permission of the publisher shall be deemed to be an infringement of copyright under the said Act.

i

IS : 2179 - 1979

( Continued from page 1 )

PBESIDENT DR S. K. PURKAYA~THA

SHRI B. M. PRASAD ( Alternate ) Forest Research Institute and Colleges, Dehra Dun Forest Research Institute and Col!eges ( Wood

Anatomy Branch ), Dehra Dun Indian Plywood Manufacturing Co Ltd, Bombay DR A. PURUSHOTHAM

DE V. RANQANATHAN In pert&al capacity ( C-198 D&once Colony, Now Delhi )

DR R. S. RATRA SERI S. N. SANYAL

SHRI A.C. SEKHAR

SHRI SEARAN SIN~H

National Buildings Organization, New Delhi Forest Research Institute and Colleges ( Timber

Mechanics Branch ), Dehra Dun In personal capacity ( Srrkalpnm, Lawsonr Bay,

Pedawaltair P. O., Visakhapatnam 530017 ) Directorate General of Supplies and Disposals,

New Delhi SHRI F. C. SHARMA

SHRI D. V. VERXA SHBI J. K. SINEA ( Altcrnotr )

SHRI D. AJIT~A SIMHA, Director ( Civ Engg )

Directorate General of Civil Aviation ( Ministry of Tourism and Civil Aviation ), New Delhi

Ministry of Defence ( DGI )

Director General, IS1 ( Ex-oficio Member )

Members

DR A. N. NAYER SHRI J. N. PANDEY

Representing

In personal capacity ( C-59 Indorpuri, .New Delhi ) Bihar State Forests Development Corporatton Ltd,

Patna

SARI J. R. MEHTA Deputy Director ( Civ Engg ), IS1

Timber Conversion and Grading Subcommittee, BDC 9 : 10

Convcncr

SHRI A. C. SEKHAB ‘ Srikalpam ‘, Lawsons Bay,

Pedawaltair P.O., Vishakhapatnam 530017

Members

ADDITIONAL DIRECTOR ( TIMBER ) Railway Board ( Ministry of Railways ) JOINT DIRECTOR ( WORKS ) ( Alturnate )

CHIEB CONSERVATOR OF FORESTS Forest Department, Government of Himachal Pradesh, Simla

CONSERVATOR OF FORESTS ( Altcrnqte ) CF~I~~I~~~~~E~VATOR OB FOBE~TS, Agriculture, Forests and Cooperation Department,

Government of Gqarat, Ahmadabad ADDITIONAL CHIEF CONSER- VATOR OF FORESTS ( Alternate )

( Continued on puge 12 )

2

IS : 2179 - 1979

Indian Standard SPECIFICATION FOR

CONVERTED TIMBER FOR LORRY BODIES

( First . Revision 1

0. FOREWORD

0.1 This Indian Standard ( First Revision ) was adopted by the Indian Standards Institution on 31 January 1979, after the draft finalized by the Timber Sectional Committee had been approved by the Civil Engineering Division Council.

0.2 Timber is invariably used for lorry body manufacture and since all the species are not considered suitable for different components/parts, this standard has been prepared to cover the species considered suitable for different parts, namely, body/sides, floor, front and tail board, etc. Also, the standard specifies the requirements of such timber in converted form.

0.2.1 This standard was first published in 1962 and this is the first revision. In this revision, provisions relating to seasoning of converted timber have been introduced. Provisions relating to measurements and permissible defects have been modified. Also, moisture content limitations in conformity with the permissible moisture content limits in different zones have been prescribed.

0.3 In the formulation of this standard due weightage has been given to international co-ordination among the standards and practices prevailing in different countries in addition to relating it to the practices in the field in this country

0.4 For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this standard is complied with, the final value, observed or calculated, expressing the result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded off in accordance with IS : Z-1960*. The number of significant places retained in the rounded off value should be the same as that of the specified value in this standard.

*Rules for rounding off numerical values ( revised ).

3

IS:2179-1979

1. SCOPE

1.1 This standard covers the specification for converted timber in the form of planks and scantlings for lorry bodies and includes a list of species of timber suitable for manufacturing the same ( see Appendix A).

2. TERMINOLOGY

2.1 For the purpose of this standard, the definitions given in IS : 707-1976* shall apply.

3. SPECIES OF TIMBER

3.1 A list of species of timber suitable for different components of lorry bodies are given in Appendix A.

4. REQUIREMENT

4.1 The timber shall, be free from centre-heart ( pith), any kind of decay ( rot), shakes, spike or slay knots, spiral or twisted grain, twist, live insect attack and any other defect except the permissible defects ( see 7 ).

4.2 All pieces shall have fairly straight and parallel sides and square trimmed at the ends.

5. MOISTURE CONTENT

5.1 The timber shall be properly seasoned by any of the methods described in IS : 1141-19737.

5.2 Unless otherwise specified, the moisture content of planks and scantlings at the time of initial supply shall be 10 to 16 percent within a depth of 20 mm from the surface for timber 50 mm and above in thickness and 8 to 14 percent for timber less than 50 mm in thickness for different zones as specified in IS : 287-1973:.

5.3 During rainy season or in humid areas like Assam, Malabar, etc, a tolerance of + 3 percent in moisture content shall be permissible.

6. DIMENSIONS, TOLERANCES AND MEASUREMENTS

6.1 Dimensions - The dimensions of planks and scantlings shall be as ordered.

*Glossary of terms applicable to timber technology and utilization ( second rteision ). tCode of practice for srasoning of timber ( first reuision ). fRecommendations for maximum permissible moisture content for timber used for

different purposes ( srcond revision ) .

4

IS:2179- 1979

6.2 Tolerances-The tolerances on width and thickness on the unplaned cut sixes shall be as follows:

a) Width ( irrespective of the width of the piece ) f3 mm - I.5 mm

b) Thickness:

1) For pieces up to 5 cm in thickness

2) For pieces over 5 cm in thickness

(+: mm mm

J+3 mm I-1 mm

6.2.1 The minus tolerance on width and thickness as specified in 6.2 shall not be permitted in more than 25 percent of the total number of pieces accepted at any one time.

6.2.2 When pieces of definite width, say, 150 mm wide are demanded, a plus or minus tolerance as permitted in 6.2 shall be permitted.

6.2.3 When pieces of definite width range, say, 150 to 250 mm, are demanded the minus tolerance on the minimum width, say, 150 mm and plus tolerance on the maximum width, say 250 mm, shall not be permitted.

6.3 Measurements -The measurements of length, width and thickness and the computation of the volume shall be made as follows:

a) The length shall be measured in metres in midline of a piece. The fractions of a metre shall be rounded off to the nearest lower 0’05 of m.

b) The width shall be measured at the narrowest place in centimetres or millimetres and shall be rounded off to the nearest centimetres.

c) The thickness shall be measured at the narrowest place in centimetres or millimetres and shall be rounded off to the nearest centimetres.

d) The volume shall be computed in cubic metres correct to three places of decimal on the basis of accepted sizes.

7. PERMISSIBLE DEFECTS

7.1 Plugging or covering of visible defects shall not be permissible in any form.

7.2 Permissible defects shall be considered collectively and not singly.

7.3 Defects to the extent specified in 7.3.1 to 7.3.8 shall be permissible.

5

ISr2179-1979

7.3.1 Distortion - or Waq!hg

7.3.1.1 Bow - shall be permissible up to a maximum of 0’5 cm/m length of the piece.

7.3.1.2 Cup - shall be permissible up to a maximum of 0.5 cm/ 30 cm width of the piece.

7.3.1.3 Spring - shall be permissible up to a maximum of 0’3 cm/m length of the piece.

7.3.2 End Splits - The longest end-split at each end of the piece shall be measured and the lengths added together. The total length of these shall not exceed 3 cm/m length of the piece.

7.3.3 Knots

7.3.3.1 Planks

a) Live knots - Live knots measuring up to 10 mm diameter shall be permissible provided they are not so numerous or located/grouped as to affect unduly the strength and usefulness of timber. Live knots measuring over 10 mm and up to 35 mm in diameter shall be permissible to the extent of two knots per metre length of the piece provided that:

1) no knot is nearer than 10 mm from any edge;

2) the distance between any two knots is not less than 30 cm;

3) the section of the knot in the direction of the width is not more than one-eighth of the width of the piece in case of planks up to 10 cm in width; and

4) the section of the knot in the direction of the width is not more than one-fourth of the width of the piece in case of planks over 10 cm in width.

b) Dead knots- Dead knots measuring up to 6 mm diameter shall be permissible provided they are not so numerous or located/grouped as to affect unduly the strength and usefulness of timber. Dead knots measuring over 6 mm and up to 25 mm in diameter shall be permissible to the extent of one knot per metre length of the piece provided that:

1) no knot is nearer than 10 mm from any edge; and

2) the section of the knot in the direction of the width is not more than one-fourth of the width of the piece.

6

IS t 2179 - 1979

7.3.3.2 Scantlings

a>

b)

Live knots - Live knots measuring up to 10 mm in diameter shall be permissible provided they are not so numerous or located/ grouped as to affect unduly the strength and usefulness of timber. Live knots measuring over 10 mm and up to 35 mm diameter shall be permitted provided that:

1) the distance between any two knots is not less than 30 cm; and 2) the maximum number of such knots ( live and dead

combined ) is not more than 2 per metre length of the piece, [ see 7.3.3.2 (b) (2) 1.

Dead knots - Dead knots measuring up to 6 mm diameter shall be permissible provided they are not so numerous or located/grouped as to affect unduly the strength and usefulness of timber. Dead knots measuring 6 mm and up to 25 mm in diameter shall be permitted provided that:

1) the distance between any two knots is not less than 30 cm; and

2) the maximum number of such knots ( live and dead combined ) is not more than 2 per metre length of the piece [ see 7.3.3.2 (a) (2) I.

7.3.4 Pin-Holes ( Dead Infestation ) - shall be permissible provided they are scattered and not concentrated or located as to affect unduly the strength and usefulness of timber.

7.3.4.1 Pin-holes made by powder post beetles shall not be permissible.

7.3.4.2 Pin-holes ( dead infestation ) shall not be present in more than 10 percent of the total number of pieces accepted at any one time.

7.3.5 Sap-Stain ( Blue-Stain ) - shall be permissible.

7.3.6 Sapwood - shall be permissible to the extent of 124 percent of the cross-sectional area of any piece over 35 cm4 in cross-sectional area.

7.3.6.1 Unlimited sapwood shall be permissible provided the timber has been pressure treated with an approved preservative according to 5.5 of Is : 401-1967*.

7.3.7 SIo&e of Grain ( Cross Grain ) - shall be permissible maximum deviation of 1 in 12.

up to a

*Code of practice for preservation of timber ( second rrvision ).

7

IS : 2179 - 1979

7.3.8 Surface Cracks - shall be permissible on any surface ( excluding the ends ) as follows:

Thickness of the Piece Depth of the Deekest Crack 1 cm mm

Upto 1.5

Over 5 and up to 10 3

Over 10 6

8. PRESERVATIVE TREATMENT

8.1 All timbers containing sapwood and those marked with asterisk in Appendix A shall be given prophylactic treatment as specified in Group 7 of Table 2 of IS : 401-1967*.

9. END COATING

9.1 The ends of each accepted piece of timber shall be end-coated up to a distance of at least 2’5 cm more than the length of the longest endsplit with any of the following compositions:

a> b) cl 4 e> f)

Thick coal tar or bituminous paint/solution;

Rosin and lamp black ( 10 : 1 ), melted, mixed and applied hot;

Hardened gloss oil for end-coating;

Paraffin wax;

Molasses and lime ( 3 : 1 ); and

Anti-splitting-cum-preservative compound of the following composition:

H.S.P., bitumen MexR 115/15 L.S.P, bitumen MexR IO/20 Creosote fuel oil ( 50 : 50 ) Soap stone Cinder ( boiler ash )

37.5 1 12.5 1 5.00 ) parts by weight

30.00 1 15.00 _J

---- 100~00

----

g) Tar acid-pitch ( 1 : 1 )

h) Bitumen paint - pitch ( 4 : 3 )

*Code of practice for preservation of timber ( second reoisim ).

8

IS:2179 -1979

10. MARKING

10.1 Each piece of timber shall be legibly and indelibly marked on one of the broad faces at a distance of about 30 cm from the end with the following information:

a) Abbreviated symbol for the name of the species as given in Appendix A;

b) Size ( dimensions in which accepted );

c) Supplier’s name or initials or recognized trade-mark, if any; and

d) Year of supply.

10.1.1 The piece of timber may also be marked with the IS1 Certification Mark.

NOTE - The use of the HI Certification Mark is governed by the provisions of the Indian Standards Institution ( Certification Marks ) Act and the Rules and Regulations made thereunder. The ISI Mark on products covered by an Indian Standard conveys the assurance that they have been produced to comply with the requirements of that standard under a well-defined system of inspection, testing and quality control which is devised and supervised by ISI and operated by the producer. IS1 marked products are also continuously checked by IS1 for conformity to that standard as a further safeguard. Details of conditions under which a licence for the use of the IS1 Certification Mark may be granted to manufacturers or processors, may be obtained from the Indian Standards Institution.

9

ISr2179-1979

APPENDIX A ( CZaws 1.1, 3.1, 8.1 and 10.1 )

SPECIES OF TIMBER FOR LORRY BODY MANUFACTURING

A-l. SPECIES OF TIMBER FOR CROSS-BEARERS AND LONGITUDINAL RUNNERS

A-l.1 The following species of timber shall be used for cross-bearers and longitudinal ru&ers of lorry bodies:

SL TRADENAYB BOTANICALNAME NO.

1. *Aini Artocarjus hirsutus

2. Bijasal Ptcrocarpus mar&urn

3. Deodar Cedrus dcodara

4. Hathipaila Ptcrosficrmum acerifolium

5. Kala-siris Albizia odoratissima

6. Kokko Albizia lebbeck

7. Mundani Acrocarpus fraxinifolius

8. *Padri Stereospermum spp.

9. Safed-siris Albizia procera

10. Sissoo Dalbergia sissoo

11. Teak Tectona grandis

12. Thingan Hopea odorata

ABBREVIATED

SYMBOL

AIN

BIJ DE0

HAT

KS1

KOK

MUN

PAD

SSI

SIS

TEA

THI

A-2. SPECIES OF TIMBER FOR BODY SIDES, FLOOR, FRONT AND TAILBOARD

A-2.1 In addition to the species of timber specified for cross-bearers and longitudinal runners ( A-l.1 ) the following timbers shall be permitted for body sides, floors, front and tailboards:

I%. TRADENAME BOTANICAL NAME ABBREVIATED

SYMBOL

1. Amari Amoora spp. AMA

2. Benteak Lagerstroemia lanceolata BEN

3. Bonsum Phoebe spp. BON

4. Chaplash Artocarpus Chaplasha CHP

*Subject to prophylactic treatment as given in 8.1.

10

SL No.

5.

TRADE NAME

*Chickrassy

6. Dhaman

7. Gurjan

8. Hollock

9. Hollong

10. Kail

11. Kathal

12. Kindal

13. Laurel

14. Lendi

15. Piney

16. Poon

17. Sal

18. White bombwe

19. White chuglam

IS t 2179 - 1979

BOTANICAL NAME ABBREVIATED SYMBOL

Chukrasia vclutina CHI ( Syn. C. tabularis )

Grcwia tiliaefolia DHA

Dipterocatpus spp. GUR

Terminalia myriocarpa HOL

Dipterocarpus macrocarpus HON

Pinus wallichiana KAL

Artocarpus hetcrophyllus KAT ( Syn A. integriflius )

Terminalia paniculata KIN

Terminalia alata LAU ( Syn. TT. coriacea ) ( Syn. T. crenulata )

Lagerstroemia parvifora LEN

Kingiodendron pinnatum PIN ( Syn. Hardwickia pinnata )

Calophyllum spp. PO0

Shorea robusta SAL

Terminalia procera WBO

Terminalia bialata WCH ( Sapwood )

*Subject to prophylactic treatment as given in 8.1.

11

IS : 2179 - 1979

( Continued from page 2 )

Membns

CHIEF CO~SEERVATOE OF FORESTS

SERI B. R. Grr~ra

SEBI D. P. JOSHI

SHBI N. LAXMINAEAYAN

Forest Department, Government of West Rengal, Calcutta

Forest Department, Government of Jammu and Kashmir, Jammu Tawi

Forest Department, Government of Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow

Andhra Pradesh Timber Merchants Federation, Hyderabad

SHRI V. SUDB~R~HAN ( Aftsrnak ) SHEI P. V. MEEITA Directorate General of Technical Development,

New Delhi OFFICER-IHCHAROE Forest Research Institute and Colleges (Timber

Logging Branch ). Dehra Dun PRESIDENT Himachal Pradesh Forests Lessees Association, Simla SBRI S. S. RAJPUT Forest Research Institute and Colleges ( Timber

Mechanics Branch ), Dehra Dun SHRI B. S. RAWAT Forest Research Institute and Colleges ( Wood

Working, Saw Milling and Finishing Branch ), Dchra Dun

SHRI F. C. SHARXA Directorate General of Civil Aviation ( Ministry of Tourism and Civil Aviation ), New Delhi

SHRI J, K. SINHA Ministry of Defcnce ( DGI ) SHRI GULAM ALAM ( Altcmatc )

SHRI R. T. SOMAIYA Bombay Timber Merchants Association, Bombay SHRI JIMMY WADIA ( Alternate )

SEBI T. C. Srra Forest Department, Government of Madhya Pradesh, Bhopal

SHRI S. K. AWASTHY ( A~t6rnatc) .

12

a: ( Reaffirmed 2005 )