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IS 466 ADVANCED TOPICS IN INFORMATION SYSTEMS
LECTURER : NOUF ALMUJALLY
19 – 9 – 2011
College Of Computer Science and Information, Information Systems Department
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Teaching Staff
Nouf Almujally - Unit Lecturer• Office: 9 \ 2003• Email: [email protected]• Consultation Hours:
Saturday 11-12 am Monday 9-10 am Other time welcome but please email first
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Timetable
LOCATION TIME DAY CLASS
10 \ 2037 12:30 – 1:20
Monday Lecture
10 \ 2037 10 - 12 Wednesday Lecture
11 \ 2007 10 - 11 Saturday Tutorial
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Assessment
Item No. Type Individual or
Group Weight Due Date
1 Tutorial Individual 5% submission5% class work Weekly
2 Case Study Group 10% Week 9
3 2 Quizzes Individual 10% Week 5Week 12
4 Midterm Exam Individual 20% Week 9
5 Final Exam Individual 50% Exams Week
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What you need to do to get A+
• To gain a good understanding of the unit and of course to pass the unit Attend the lectures and tutorial
All lecture and tutorial material is examinable Including tutorial case studies
Attempt ALL tutorial Questions prior to the tutorial Participation Required Reading
Consult with the Lecturer If you have any difficulties or problems with the
assignments please don't hesitate to contact me. I will try to be as helpful as possible.
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Course Policies
Assignments deadlines are very strict Tutorials are due on Friday of each week Participation = Marks Daily penalties apply to late work Students who are absent on the quiz day will
not be allowed to make up the quiz. Students who are absent on Midterm exam day
due to illness are required to bring a signed medical excuse letter.
It is the student’s responsibility to contact the Lecturer if the midterm exam was missed within one (1) day following the scheduled exam date.
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Course Objective
This course intends to introduce special topics of current trends in information systems and information technology:
• Enterprise resource planning (ERP)• Requirements Engineering• Geographical Information System (GIS)• Telemedicine and Medical Informatics• Human Computer Interface (HCI)• Simulation
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Questions?
9Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) - Overview
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Objectives
ERP Definition The History of ERP ERP Characteristics Example: Before & after ERP The benefits of the ERP System ERP Disadvantages ERP Components ERP Vendors
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Current Situation
Islands of information
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The Problems?
Difficult to get timely & accurate information Heterogeneous hardware & software
platforms & practices Poor connectivity between different
organizational locations Sticking with out of date technology Resist to change Lack of proven man-power to develop
integrated software
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!!The Solution
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What is ERP?
• Enterprise Resource Planning = ERP
• ERP systems are packaged software systems that
Automates and integrates business processes
Shares common data and practices across the entire
enterprise
Produces and accesses information in a real-time
environment
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Formal Definition..
• It is a company-wide computer software system that allows companies to integrate all their operations and resources founded in the core business areas such as accounting, human resource management, manufacturing and sales and distribution, and manage them through one program.
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History of ERP
1960’s - Systems Just for Inventory Control
1970’s - MRP – Material Requirement Planning (Inventory with material planning & procurement)
1980’s - MRP II – Manufacturing Resources Planning (Extended MRP to shop floor & distribution Mgnt.)
Mid 1990’s - ERP – Enterprise Resource Planning (Covering all the activities of an Enterprise)
2000 onwards – ERP II – Collaborative Commerce (Extending ERP to external business entities)
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History of ERP
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ERP Characteristics
• attempts to integrate all data and processes of an organization into a unified system.
• provide information updated and on real time People in different departments all see the same
information and can update it
• A typical ERP system will use multiple components of computer software and hardware to achieve the integration.
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ERP Characteristics (con.)
• A key ingredient of most ERP systems is the use of a unified database to store data for the various system modules.
• Less Management• Less Complexity • Less Integration
• In ERP , you can get answer of any query by its powerful query and filtering facility
• ERP system can easily use in Government , healthcare , financial , retail and other service sectors
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ERP Characteristics (con.)
• Computer security is included within an ERP system to protect against both outsider and insider crime User / Password level authentication Tracking of changes made by users Restriction in modifying the transaction after
approval is done
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Example of QU
• QU wants to buy a new Printer.• For this reason Secretary gives a
purchasing order by filling purchasing order forms.
• Next slide shows how this purchasing request process flow was working before ERP systems.
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New Printer Purchasing Process1. Purchase order form for a new printer
2. Head of Department Confirmation- Faculty Head
3. Purchase order document sent to QU Account Office
4. Account Office Secretary sents the purchase order to the Responsibles
5. Purchase order- Responsible personal Confirmation
6. Purchasing department- Manager Confirmation
7. Transfer to Finance Department Secretary for processing
8. Finance Department Responsible’s Confirmation
9. Transfer to Rector’s Office
10. Rector’s Secretary- Confirmation
11. Confirmation Transfer, to Purchase Department Secretary
12. Purchase Responsible personal commends with Purchase
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Example : before using ERP system
Department x Account Office
Purchasing Dept.
Finance Dept. Manager
1 2
4
5
6
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before using ERP system!!
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QU after ERP Systems
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Example QU - IT Faculty
• Information TechnologyFaculty wants to buy a new HP Printer.
• For this reason Secretary gives a purchasing order with using QU Online ERP systems.
• Next slide shows the purchasing order process flow with ERP Systems.
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QU After ERP Systems
SAP SYSTEM ONLINEHEAD OF DEPARTMENT
REQUEST OF NEW HP PRINTER
CONFIRMATION
SAP SYSTEM ONLINEPURCHASE
RESPONSIBLE
FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING
SAP SYSTEM ONLINE PURCHASEING MANAGER
CONFIRMATION
SECRETARY
SAP SYSTEM ONLINEFINANCE DEPARTMENT
CONFIRMATION SAP SYSTEM ONLINE
RECTORS OFFICECONFIRMATION
SAP SYSTEM ONLINEPURCHASE DEPARTMENT
PURCHASE OF NEW
HP PRINTER
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Online data flow decreases the process time One common system – less duplication – more
efficient Fast & online confirmation Less paperwork No need for folder storage Database security Open communication among business partner Less employee needed Easy financial management Better ınventory management
The benefits of the ERP System
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Disadvantages
There are several disadvantages to enterprise resource planning:
• Cost Implementing ERP is very expensive, price can range
from $30,000 - $500,000, depending on the size of the company.
ERP vendors can charge a license renewal fee annually which can also be costly for any business.
Consultants may need to be used for installation or to maintain the ERP.
Employees may need to be trained in ERP so they can fully utilize the system. Training times takes away from work time and can also cost additional funds.
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Disadvantages (con.)
• Expertise Success of ERP depends on the skill level
and experience of the company’s work force.
Proper training of the workforce is dependent to success with ERP.
New employees must be trained before they can properly start working because of the ERP system
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Disadvantages (con.)
• Flexibility ERP’s can be very rigid and may not fit the
business flow of the company trying to use it.
Company’s may need to customize their ERP package which isn’t allowed by most ERP vendors.
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Disadvantages (con.)
• Change Employees may be needed to change the
way they work to become more efficient. They may feel resistant to change which can be a negative.
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ERP Component
An ERP System includes:
• Business Processes ERP has been promoted as solutions for
supporting or streamlining business processes at all levels.
• Users of ERP systems The users of ERP systems are employees of
the organization at all levels, from workers, supervisors, mid-level managers to executives.
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ERP Component (con.)
• Hardware and Operating Systems that run ERP applications Many large ERP systems are UNIX based.
Windows NT and Linux are other popular operating systems to run ERP software. Legacy ERP systems may use other operating systems.
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ERP Component (con.)
• ERP software Module based ERP software is the core of an ERP
system. Each software module automates business activities of a functional area within an organization.
Common ERP software modules include:
production planning, purchasing, inventory control, sales and distribution, finance, accounting and human resources aspects of an organization.
• Note: The failures in one or more of those four components could cause the failure of an ERP project. The failures of multi-million dollar ERP projects are reported once in a while even after 20 years of ERP implementation.
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ERP Vendors
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ERP Vendors (con.)
• SAP Systems Application and Products Honda - IBM – Almarai – Aramco
• Oracle The leading provider of relational database
management systems Kodak
• The Sage Group Provider of human resources software Adidas - Helton Hotels
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Questions ??