To,To,

Miss.Prerna Mishra(Lect.VITS)Miss.Prerna Mishra(Lect.VITS)

Mr.Sanjay Sir(H.O.D – IT)Mr.Sanjay Sir(H.O.D – IT)

From-Nidhi Kumari From-Nidhi Kumari

Branch-ITBranch-IT

Roll no-0214IT081032Roll no-0214IT081032

Seminar ReportSeminar Report On On

Integrated Services Digital Integrated Services Digital Network Network

(ISDN)(ISDN)

What is What is ISDNISDN??INTEGRATED SERVICES DIGITAL NETWORKINTEGRATED SERVICES DIGITAL NETWORK

ISDN is a set of standards ISDN is a set of standards which define an end to end which define an end to end Digital NetworkDigital Network

WAN TechnologyWAN Technology

What is ISDN?What is ISDN?

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ISDN - Integrated Services Digital Network

ISDN - is a set of communication standards for simultaneous Digital Transmission of voice, video, data, and other network services over the traditional circuits of the public switched telephone network(PSTN)

Used for voice, image and data

Features of Features of ISDNISDN Uses Digital SignalUses Digital Signal Uses Existing telephone wiringUses Existing telephone wiring Charges are generally based on the Charges are generally based on the

duration of call (How long the WAN link duration of call (How long the WAN link was used)was used)

Alternate to using leased linesAlternate to using leased lines Can transport many types of Network Can transport many types of Network

traffic (Voice, Data, Video, Text, traffic (Voice, Data, Video, Text, Graphics etc)Graphics etc)

Faster Data transfer rate than modemsFaster Data transfer rate than modems Faster Call setup than ModemsFaster Call setup than Modems

Types of channelsTypes of channels

– Bearer channel (B-channel=64 Bearer channel (B-channel=64 kb/s) clear pipe for datakb/s) clear pipe for data

Carries user service information Carries user service information including: digital data, video, and including: digital data, video, and voice.voice.

– Delta channel (D-channel, 16 kb/s Delta channel (D-channel, 16 kb/s or 64 kb/s) call signaling or 64 kb/s) call signaling information:information:• who is callingwho is calling• type of calltype of call• calling what numbercalling what number

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ISDNISDN Service ServicePRI (Primary Rate Interface)PRI (Primary Rate Interface)

ISDN Services – ISDN Services – PRI PRI Primary Rate Interface (PRI)Primary Rate Interface (PRI)

› A PRI connection can assign various 64 Kbps channels to both A PRI connection can assign various 64 Kbps channels to both ISDN and analog modem connectionsISDN and analog modem connections

› North America and Japan – PRI service has 23 64 Kbps B channels, North America and Japan – PRI service has 23 64 Kbps B channels, one 64 Kbps D channel, and 8 Kbps of synchronization and framing one 64 Kbps D channel, and 8 Kbps of synchronization and framing for a total bit rate of up to 1.544 Mbps (same as T1)for a total bit rate of up to 1.544 Mbps (same as T1)

› Europe, Australia, and other parts of the world – PRI service has Europe, Australia, and other parts of the world – PRI service has 30 64 Kbps B channels, one 64 Kbps D channel, and 64 Kbps of 30 64 Kbps B channels, one 64 Kbps D channel, and 64 Kbps of framing and synchronization for a total bit rate of up to 2.048 framing and synchronization for a total bit rate of up to 2.048 Mbps (same as E1)Mbps (same as E1)

Each B channel to be used for separate applications including voice, Each B channel to be used for separate applications including voice, data and Internetdata and Internet

Multiple B channels can be Multilinked togetherMultiple B channels can be Multilinked together

ISDN BRIISDN BRI

ISDN Services – BRIISDN Services – BRI Basic Rate Interface (BRI)Basic Rate Interface (BRI)

› Two 64 Kbps B channels, one 16 Kbps D channel, and 48 Kbps Two 64 Kbps B channels, one 16 Kbps D channel, and 48 Kbps worth of framing and synchronization. worth of framing and synchronization.

› Available data bandwidth: 128 Kbps (2 x 64 Kbps)Available data bandwidth: 128 Kbps (2 x 64 Kbps)› User bandwidth: 144 Kbps (128 Kbps + a 16 Kbps D channel)User bandwidth: 144 Kbps (128 Kbps + a 16 Kbps D channel)› Total line capacity: 192 Kbps (144 Kbps + 48 Kbps framing)Total line capacity: 192 Kbps (144 Kbps + 48 Kbps framing)

Each B channel can be used for separate applicationsEach B channel can be used for separate applications› Such as Internet and VoiceSuch as Internet and Voice

Allows individual B channels to be aggregated together into a Allows individual B channels to be aggregated together into a Multilink channelMultilink channel

ISDN Reference ISDN Reference PointsPoints

ISDNISDN Reference points Reference pointsISDN specifies a number of reference points that ISDN specifies a number of reference points that

define logicaldefine logical

interfaces between functional groupings, such as interfaces between functional groupings, such as TAs and NT1s.TAs and NT1s.

RR------The reference point between non-ISDN equipment The reference point between non-ISDN equipment and a TA. and a TA.

SS------The reference point between user terminals and The reference point between user terminals and the NT2. the NT2.

TT------The reference point between NT1 and NT2 devicesThe reference point between NT1 and NT2 devices. .

UU------The reference point between NT1 devices and line-The reference point between NT1 devices and line-termination termination equipment in the carrier network. The equipment in the carrier network. The U reference point is U reference point is relevant only in North America, relevant only in North America, where the NT1 function is not provided by the carrier where the NT1 function is not provided by the carrier networknetwork

ISDN ArchitectureISDN Architecture

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TE1

TE2 TA

NT1

ISDN devices

Analog devices:phone, Fax III,...

ISDN ISDN ComponentsComponents Terminal Equipment type 1 (TE1)Terminal Equipment type 1 (TE1)

** ISDN compatible device ISDN compatible device (Router with ISDN Interface)(Router with ISDN Interface)

* TE1s connect to the ISDN network through a four-* TE1s connect to the ISDN network through a four-wire, wire, twisted-pair digital linktwisted-pair digital link

Terminal Equipment type 2 (TE2)Terminal Equipment type 2 (TE2) ** ISDN Non-compatible devices.ISDN Non-compatible devices.** Will require a terminal adapter.Will require a terminal adapter.

Terminal Adapter (TA)Terminal Adapter (TA) ** Converts standard electrical signals into the form Converts standard electrical signals into the form used by ISDNused by ISDN** Needed for connection with TE2 devicesNeeded for connection with TE2 devices** The ISDN TA can be either a standalone device The ISDN TA can be either a standalone device or a board inside or a board inside the TE2the TE2

ISDN ISDN ComponentsComponents Network termination type 1 (NT1)Network termination type 1 (NT1)

* * Network-termination devices that connect the four-Network-termination devices that connect the four-wire Subscriber wiring to the conventional two-wire wire Subscriber wiring to the conventional two-wire local looplocal loop

** Is aIs a customer premises equipment customer premises equipment (CPE) device (CPE) device (North America)(North America)

Network termination type 2 (NT2)Network termination type 2 (NT2) ** Intelligent device that performs switching & Intelligent device that performs switching & concentrating.concentrating.

** Provides multiple ISDN interfaces on an ISDN Provides multiple ISDN interfaces on an ISDN line. The NT2 line. The NT2 may be as simple as a bridging may be as simple as a bridging device connected to an NT1 unit device connected to an NT1 unit or it may be as or it may be as complicated as a PBX (complicated as a PBX (Private Branch Private Branch exchanges) exchanges)

ISDN ProtocolsISDN Protocols E-series protocolsE-series protocols—Telephone —Telephone

network standards for ISDN.network standards for ISDN. I-series protocolsI-series protocols—Specify ISDN —Specify ISDN

concepts and interfaces.concepts and interfaces. Q-series protocolsQ-series protocols—Standards for —Standards for

ISDN switching and signaling.ISDN switching and signaling. Operate at the physical, data link, Operate at the physical, data link,

and network layers of the OSI and network layers of the OSI reference modelreference model

ISDN ISDN Encapsulation Encapsulation

The two most common The two most common encapsulations:encapsulations:– PPPPPP– HDLCHDLC

ISDN defaults to HDLC.ISDN defaults to HDLC. PPP is much more robust.PPP is much more robust.

– Open standard specified by RFC 1661 Open standard specified by RFC 1661 – Supported by most vendorsSupported by most vendors

ISDN BenefitsISDN Benefits Carries a variety of user traffic, Carries a variety of user traffic,

such as digital video, data, and such as digital video, data, and telephone network services, using telephone network services, using the normal phone circuit-switched the normal phone circuit-switched networknetwork

Offers much faster call setup than Offers much faster call setup than modems by using out-of-band modems by using out-of-band signaling (D channel)signaling (D channel)– Often less than one second Often less than one second

Provides a faster data transfer rate Provides a faster data transfer rate than modems by using the 64-kbps than modems by using the 64-kbps bearer channel (B channel)bearer channel (B channel)– Can combine multiple B channels to Can combine multiple B channels to

bandwidth of 128 kbpsbandwidth of 128 kbps Can negotiate PPP links Can negotiate PPP links

Telecommuter/Remote Telecommuter/Remote UserUser

Using ModemUsing Modem>>

Using ISDNUsing ISDN>>

ISDN Uses ISDN Uses

Remote Access (Telecommuters)Remote Access (Telecommuters) Remote Nodes (Voice and Data)Remote Nodes (Voice and Data) SOHO Connectivity (Small SOHO Connectivity (Small

Branches)Branches)

Telecommuter/Remote Telecommuter/Remote OfficeOffice

Components & ConsiderationsComponents & Considerations ISDN RouterISDN Router Multiple remote users at the same locationMultiple remote users at the same location

B-ISDNB-ISDN

BISDN is an extension of ISDN in BISDN is an extension of ISDN in terms of capabilities, i.e. it not only terms of capabilities, i.e. it not only has the narrowband capability of has the narrowband capability of ISDN but also the broadband ISDN but also the broadband capability.capability.

Any service inquiry with a speed Any service inquiry with a speed greater than 600 Mbpsgreater than 600 Mbps

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Remote Access Remote Access (Telecommuters)(Telecommuters)

Remote Nodes Remote Nodes (Voice and Data)(Voice and Data)

SOHO ConnectivitySOHO Connectivity(Small Branches)(Small Branches)

ISDN Global and ISDN Global and Interface Interface

Configuration Tasks Configuration Tasks