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Information Sharing and Privacy

Mike AndersonMechanical Engineering

anderson@uidaho.edu

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Preparatory Remarks• When I was your age, “..I walked to school, through the snow,

both ways…”

• The next 40 years….

• What will “thinking” mean in 40 years? From our text, p37:

..Havelock focused on the process of converting, mentally, from a “prose of narrative” to a “prose of ideas”; organizing experience in terms of categories rather than events; embracing the discipline of abstraction. He had a word in mind for this process, and the word was thinking. This was the discovery, not just of the self, but of the thinking self- in effect, the true beginning of consciousness.

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ISEM301 DemographicsSections 12, 13 Fall 2014 Tu Thur Total Tu Thur Total

Agricultural a& Life Sciences 3 1 4 7.9 3.3 5.9Education 4 1 5 10.5 3.3 7.4Art & Architecture 4 2 6 10.5 6.7 8.8Business & Economics 2 2 4 5.3 6.7 5.9Engineering 7 8 15 18.4 26.7 22.1Letters Arts & Social Sciences 11 13 24 28.9 43.3 35.3Natural Resources 1 1 2 2.6 3.3 2.9Science 6 2 8 15.8 6.7 11.8Totals 38 30 68

Numbers of Students Percent of Students

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Social Network SoftwareSurvey Results

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Social Network SoftwareSurvey Results

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Todays Topics• How much information can be stored?

• Privacy, how do we give it away?

• What can be learned from stored information?

• Web analytics

• Government access, Facebook and Google

• Edward Snowden

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How Much Can Be Stored?Domestic Surveillance Directorate- Utah Data Center

"..first facility in the world expected to gather and house a yottabyte...“, yottabyte=1 trillion terabytes

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How Much Is a Yottabyte?

• 3125 Tb per person in the US (based on 320 million population!

• 142 Tb per person on the planet!

• 1080pi (25Mbit/sec=3.13Mbytes/sec), 35.2Mb/min, 2.11Gb/hr, 25.4Gb/12 hr day, 9.26Tb/yr!

How Big is a Yottabyte?

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We Give it Away

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The Fine Print!

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Someone Takes It Away- Financial Breaches

Home Depot Data Breach, New York Times, September 8, 2014

“…what could be the largest known breach of a retail company’s computer network.”

“…total number of credit card numbers stolen at Home Depot could top 60 million.”

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For Target, the Breach Numbers Grow, New York Times, January 10, 2014.

“Target on Friday revised the number of customers whose personal information was stolen in a widespread data breach during the holiday season, now reporting a range of 70 million to 110 million people.”

Target Struck in Cat-and-Mouse Game of Credit Theft, New York Times, December 19, 2013

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5 Million Gmail Usernames, Passwords Hacked and Posted to Russian Bitcoin Forum, International Business Times, September 10, 2014

“The database (which International Business Times will not link to) contains 4.93 million Google accounts belonging to English-, Russian- and Spanish-speaking users. “

“A Google spokesperson has confirmed what many security experts had already suggested, that many of the passwords in question were likely taken from a website other than Google.“

Someone Takes It Away- Social Network Software Breaches

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Apple, Google, Encryption and the FBI, New York Times, October 16 2014.

“Apple and Google have announced new software that would automatically encrypt the contents of cellphones, using codes that even the companies could not crack.”

“The director of the F.B.I., James B. Comey, said on Thursday that the “post-Snowden pendulum” that has driven Apple and Google to offer fully encrypted cellphones had “gone too far.” He hinted that as a result, the administration might seek regulations and laws forcing companies to create a way for the government to unlock the photos, emails and contacts stored on the phones.”

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What Can Be Learned? How?Kosinski, et al., Private Traits and Attributes are Predictable from Digital Records of Human Behavior, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of Ameria, 2013

AbstractWe show that easily accessible digital records of behavior, Facebook Likes, can be used to automatically and accurately predict a range of highly sensitive personal attributes including: sexual orientation, ethnicity, religious and political views, personality traits, intelligence, happiness, use of addictive substances, parental separation, age, and gender. The analysis presented is based on a dataset of over 58,000 volunteers who provided their Facebook Likes, detailed demographic profiles, and the results of several psychometric tests. The proposed model uses dimensionality reduction for preprocessing the Likes data, which are then entered into logistic/linear regression to predict individual psychodemographic profiles from Likes. The model correctly discriminates between homosexual and heterosexual men in 88% of cases, African Americans and Caucasian Americans in 95% of cases, and between Democrat and Republican in 85% of cases. For the personality trait “Openness,” prediction accuracy is close to the test–retest accuracy of a standard personality test. We give examples of associations between attributes and Likes and discuss implications for online personalization and privacy.

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Kosinski M et al. PNAS 2013;110:5802-5805

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Web AnalyticsME313 Class Website Google Analytics

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Government Facebook Requests

Facebook Government Requests Report

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Government Google Requests

Google Transparency Report

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Edward Snowden: Here's how we take back the Internet | Talk Video | TED.com

Government Access?

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AssignmentView the following TED talkRichard Ledgett: The NSA responds to Edward Snowden’s TED Talk | Talk Video | TED.com