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ISLAM - “to submit”
“There is no god but Allah: Muhammad is the prophet of Allah”
Call to prayer
Muhammad “The Prophet” born @ 570 CE in Mecca raised by an Uncle
– Quraish clan
Hermit: spent time in solitude– prayed in mtn caves– Angel Gabriel appeared to him
“RECITE” became QURAN Ramadan was t/month that Quran was recited to Mu.
Khadija – 1st convert to Islam– Muhammad’s 1st wife– merchant
FIVE PILLARS of ISLAM Proclamation of Faith Prayer five times a day
– facing Mecca
Alms (charity) to the poor & aged Fasting during Ramadan
– Gabriel spoke to Mu– month of Hejira– no food/water btwn sunrise &
sunset
Hajj: pilgrimage to Mecca ONCE in a lifetime
KA’ABA
The QURAN Muslim holy book
– sits at the right hand of Allah
exact word of Allah as revealed to Mu. by Angel Gabriel
– God becomes the Word
authority on religion, politics, law, economics & social life
forbidden to translate from Arabic
link btwn all Muslims
Muhammad’s Miracles
Heart cleansed with snow by two angels
ascension to heaven:– Dome o/t Rock
1500 Muslims drank water from one vessel from Mu’s hand
Quranic teachings “people of the book”– Jews & Christians– treat w/ tolerance
be merciful & compassionate repeat 1st Pillar three times in front of male
Muslim to become a Muslim “I divorce you” x3 Paradise or Hell (Judgment Day) SHARIA: Islamic Law Hadith: traditional sayings o/t prophet Inshallah (the will of God)
– Belief in predestination– God controls all that happens
EXPANSION OF ISLAM
Islamic Sects (divisions) Sunni Muslims
– any devout male Muslim can be Caliph– high moral character– majority
Shi’ites (Shiah or Shia)– only descendents of Ali can be Caliph– 12th Imam will return on Judgement
Day– only Imams can guide Muslims to
salvation– minority (except Iran & Iraq)
Sufism: mystical Islam
Mosques
What is a minaret?
What is a muezzin?
Islamic Customs and Laws Follow strict dietary laws-
– HALAL - name of Allah must be mentioned while animal is slaughtered –
– Can’t eat pork Can’t drink alcohol No gambling Can’t kill animals for sport Strict punishments for crimes- In some strongly
Muslim countries there’s little difference between religious laws and country laws. (i.e. Shari’ah)
99 names for God/Allah: http://www.islamicity.com/Mosque/99names.htm
How to pray: http://muslim-canada.org/salaat.html
Women in Islam Men & women are spiritual equals Hijab shows Muslim identity
– recognize intelligence, not sexuality– seen as feminine
Surah 4:3: If you fear that you shall not be able to deal justly with the orphans, marry women of your choice, two or three or four; but if you fear that you shall not be able to deal justly, then marry only one.
Hadith: “seeking knowledge is mandatory for all Muslims”