ISO/TC 213/WG 17 Facilitation of GPS implementation Convenor : E-mail: Mr. Kim Spence [email protected]Secretar y: E-mail: Mr. Brian Such [email protected]Date: 2006-01-15 N 040 rev 4 http://www.ds.dk/isotc213 E-mail: [email protected]Prepared at 8 th meeting of ISO/TC 213/WG 17 January 2006- Charlotte, USA International organization for standardization Organisation Internationale de Normalisation Internationale Normenorganisation This header slide not intended for display
All aspects of technical product documentationAll aspects of technical product documentation Coordinated and mutually consistent terminologyCoordinated and mutually consistent terminology Timely standards introduction to meet the needs Timely standards introduction to meet the needs
of new systems eg 3D CAD software of new systems eg 3D CAD software developmentdevelopment
ISO/TC 213ISO/TC 213 Tool box - Coordinated system facilitating the Tool box - Coordinated system facilitating the economic management of variability in products economic management of variability in products and processes and processes – Reduce costs Reduce costs – Effective communicationEffective communication
(designer – manufacturer – inspector)(designer – manufacturer – inspector)– Improve "time to market" performanceImprove "time to market" performance– Enhance product qualityEnhance product quality– Optimum allocation of resourcesOptimum allocation of resources
The elements
of an Engineering
Drawing
Introduction Introduction (summary)(summary)
TTPPDD + + GGPPSS==
TTPPSS
SynergySynergy
Mechanical EngineeringMechanical Engineering
worldwide, needs the joint outputworldwide, needs the joint output
of these standards committeesof these standards committees
more than ever. more than ever.
Module 2Module 2
The case forThe case forInternational standardization.International standardization.
The case for International StandardizationThe case for International Standardization
World industry/ business scenario -World industry/ business scenario -increasing tendency to apply:increasing tendency to apply:
To provide components of increasing To provide components of increasing complexity at a commercially viable cost in complexity at a commercially viable cost in
an environment that demands ever improved an environment that demands ever improved “time to market”.“time to market”.
Internal technical needsInternal technical needs
1.1. universal languageuniversal language
2.2. precise specificationprecise specification
Provided in a manner that improves access Provided in a manner that improves access and applicationand application
Give us the tools...Give us the tools...
Technical ExpertsTechnical Expertsin relevant ISO Standards Committeesin relevant ISO Standards Committees
have been busy providing the toolshave been busy providing the tools
... and we’ll finish the job!... and we’ll finish the job!
ISO/TC 213/WG 17 experts have also been ISO/TC 213/WG 17 experts have also been developing a tool-box (model standard) to developing a tool-box (model standard) to
facilitate take-up of the standards, simplify facilitate take-up of the standards, simplify identification of the appropriate toolidentification of the appropriate tool
Application levelsApplication levels
Recent enquiry has shown that,Recent enquiry has shown that,worldwide, the level of application isworldwide, the level of application isonly a fraction of what it should beonly a fraction of what it should be
DriversDrivers
»Increasing use of outsourcingIncreasing use of outsourcing»Increasing use of automated productionIncreasing use of automated production»Growing reliance on analysis of the virtual Growing reliance on analysis of the virtual
product product »Ongoing need for manufacturing cost reductionOngoing need for manufacturing cost reduction»Increasing expectation of shorter time to Increasing expectation of shorter time to
marketmarket»Modern metrology makes targeted specification Modern metrology makes targeted specification
possible possible
Major market playersMajor market players
((e.g. National Defence Authoritiese.g. National Defence Authorities))
in many parts of the worldin many parts of the world
are seekingare seeking
to enhance specification effectiveness to enhance specification effectiveness
Drivers!Drivers!
Application requires investment and Application requires investment and planningplanning
For training and retrainingFor training and retrainingFor implementationFor implementationFor system changeFor system change
To varying degrees dependent upon starting level
The financial caseThe financial case
But why make such an investment?But why make such an investment?
The argumentsThe arguments
Potential to reduce scrap and rework costsPotential to reduce scrap and rework costs Potential to reduce time delays - caused by Potential to reduce time delays - caused by
poor communication poor communication Potential to reduce quality incidentsPotential to reduce quality incidents
– risk of disputes with and to lose customersrisk of disputes with and to lose customers– reduce liability costsreduce liability costs
on mechanical engineering activityon mechanical engineering activity
2003 survey result:2003 survey result:
$14 trillion*$14 trillion*( including $25 billion( including $25 billion
devoted to measurement activities )devoted to measurement activities )
Investment opportunityInvestment opportunity
Global manufacturing Global manufacturing sector expected to be stable sector expected to be stable
for at least the next ten yearsfor at least the next ten years
Global problem Global problem
Specification inadequacy is the Achilles heel for Specification inadequacy is the Achilles heel for many of today’s technologically advanced many of today’s technologically advanced
companies.companies.
Tighter tolerances can often prove Tighter tolerances can often prove phenomenally expensive to applyphenomenally expensive to apply
Newly developed functional tolerancing (GPS), Newly developed functional tolerancing (GPS), hhas the potential to reduce tooling, set-up and as the potential to reduce tooling, set-up and
manufacturing costs significantly and will manufacturing costs significantly and will deliver improved “time to market” through deliver improved “time to market” through appropriate application of a comprehensive appropriate application of a comprehensive
technical product specification systemtechnical product specification system
Global solutionGlobal solution
Module 3Module 3
What is GPSWhat is GPSand why the Model Standard?and why the Model Standard?
An integrated system for product An integrated system for product specification founded on the principles specification founded on the principles
and practices of dimensioning and and practices of dimensioning and tolerancing on a geometrical basis.tolerancing on a geometrical basis.
A real solutionA real solutiontoto
real industry needsreal industry needs
and Geometrical Product Specification?and Geometrical Product Specification?
Born out of the need to improve Born out of the need to improve communication between:communication between:
Addresses everything from basic drawing rules and Addresses everything from basic drawing rules and formats to improved surface definition techniquesformats to improved surface definition techniques
Use of any particular cross referenced standard, Use of any particular cross referenced standard, applicable where relevant to the content of the TPSapplicable where relevant to the content of the TPS
So how can the implementation ofSo how can the implementation ofthe model standard (toolbox)the model standard (toolbox)
assist in improving the situation?assist in improving the situation?
The objective for the Model The objective for the Model Standard for TPS (toolbox)Standard for TPS (toolbox)
To encourage and facilitate theTo encourage and facilitate the– implementation of the entire suite of TPS implementation of the entire suite of TPS
standards by National Standards Bodies.standards by National Standards Bodies.
– integration of the TPS standards into industry.integration of the TPS standards into industry.
The model standardThe model standard
Provides a Comprehensive catalogue and route map to Provides a Comprehensive catalogue and route map to ISO standards in TPS field.ISO standards in TPS field.
–Reflects the relevant aspects of the design definition Reflects the relevant aspects of the design definition processprocess
–Links the related standards to process stagesLinks the related standards to process stages–IdentifiesIdentifies
»Normative elementsNormative elements» Informative elementsInformative elements
Provides:Provides: cross reference to 100 ISO standardscross reference to 100 ISO standards traceability between relevant ISO standards from traceability between relevant ISO standards from
main text and/or standard numbermain text and/or standard number a unified system requiring complete application a unified system requiring complete application
across industryacross industry a format that facilitates electronic presentation by a format that facilitates electronic presentation by
National Standards Bodies either in CD ROM or National Standards Bodies either in CD ROM or On-Line (with relevant standards hyperlinked from On-Line (with relevant standards hyperlinked from main text)main text)
The model standard The model standard (continued)(continued)
applicable to all presentation formatsapplicable to all presentation formats
e.g. 2D and 3D e.g. 2D and 3D
focus on application of dimensioning and focus on application of dimensioning and tolerancing of Size, Geometry and Surface Texturetolerancing of Size, Geometry and Surface Texture
also includes suggestion for document security and also includes suggestion for document security and electronic document managementelectronic document management
Clarifies the GPS principles Clarifies the GPS principles
The model standard The model standard (continued)(continued)
The Fundamental PrinciplesThe Fundamental Principles
Underpinning Underpinning
TPSTPS
ISO 17450ISO 17450
The fundamental principlesThe fundamental principles
The operator principleThe operator principle An operator defines a characteristic based upon An operator defines a characteristic based upon
operations.operations.
– Specification operators are formulated as virtual Specification operators are formulated as virtual measuring procedures.measuring procedures.
– Verification operators define the sequence of Verification operators define the sequence of operations used during the measuring process.operations used during the measuring process.
The fundamental principles The fundamental principles (continued)(continued)
The default principleThe default principle A complete specification operator can be indicated A complete specification operator can be indicated
by the most concise indication for the relevant by the most concise indication for the relevant geometrical characteristicgeometrical characteristic. This basic geometrical . This basic geometrical specification constitutes the default definition of the specification constitutes the default definition of the specification operator which may not be visible in specification operator which may not be visible in the TPD (see TS 17450 - 2).the TPD (see TS 17450 - 2).
The fundamental principles The fundamental principles (continued)(continued)
The reference condition principleThe reference condition principle If not otherwise indicated in the TPD, the reference If not otherwise indicated in the TPD, the reference
temperature for the characteristics given in that TPD temperature for the characteristics given in that TPD is 20is 20o o C (see ISO 1).C (see ISO 1).
The fundamental principles The fundamental principles (continued)(continued)
The uncertainty principleThe uncertainty principle Within this TPS system, three prime categories of Within this TPS system, three prime categories of
uncertainty are defined (TS 17450-2)uncertainty are defined (TS 17450-2)– Correlation uncertaintyCorrelation uncertainty
(attributed to the designer)(attributed to the designer)– Specification uncertaintySpecification uncertainty
(attributed to the designer)(attributed to the designer)– Measurement uncertaintyMeasurement uncertainty
(attributed to the metrologist)(attributed to the metrologist)
The fundamental principles The fundamental principles (continued)(continued)
Where no prior agreement as to the application of Where no prior agreement as to the application of uncertainty exists, between two (or more) parties uncertainty exists, between two (or more) parties
where conformance with a specification is to be proven, where conformance with a specification is to be proven, measurement uncertainty (U) reduces the specification to the measurement uncertainty (U) reduces the specification to the conformance zone at bothconformance zone at both tolerance limits and shall always tolerance limits and shall always be applied in the interest of the customer purchasing the be applied in the interest of the customer purchasing the part.part.
where non-conformance with a specification is to be proven, where non-conformance with a specification is to be proven, measurement uncertainty (U) expands the tolerance at both measurement uncertainty (U) expands the tolerance at both tolerance limits. Uncertainty of measurement shall always tolerance limits. Uncertainty of measurement shall always be applied in the interest of manufacturer/ seller of the part.be applied in the interest of manufacturer/ seller of the part.
The fundamental principles The fundamental principles (continued)(continued)
If you want the benefitsIf you want the benefitsmake the investmentmake the investment
Purchase the standardPurchase the standard Invest in the trainingInvest in the training
Apply the systemApply the system
Reap the rewards
Module 4Module 4
The way forwardThe way forward
To get the most out of the implemented model To get the most out of the implemented model standard, it is necessary that it be applied. To do standard, it is necessary that it be applied. To do this companies will need:this companies will need:
A corporate training programme to assist A corporate training programme to assist practical applicationpractical application
Personal training focussed on company products Personal training focussed on company products and existing specification problems and existing specification problems
Some form of mentoring to ensure application Some form of mentoring to ensure application remains to the requirements of the standardremains to the requirements of the standard
It is obvious that possession of the It is obvious that possession of the standards is not enoughstandards is not enough
Investigate national/company needs in this area, in Investigate national/company needs in this area, in the light of the points made in this presentation.the light of the points made in this presentation.
Encourage NSB and industry representative Encourage NSB and industry representative groups to adopt GPS/TPD concepts through the groups to adopt GPS/TPD concepts through the development of a National Standard based on ISO development of a National Standard based on ISO TRXXXX.TRXXXX.
Implement programme of national/company Implement programme of national/company adoption.adoption.
Promote and encourage national participation in Promote and encourage national participation in the ongoing programmes of work in ISO/TC 10 the ongoing programmes of work in ISO/TC 10 and TC 213.and TC 213.
How could this be achieved?How could this be achieved?
Stimulate National DiscussionStimulate National Discussion
EstablishEstablish The current level of awareness of the Technical The current level of awareness of the Technical
Specification problems actually being experienced Specification problems actually being experienced in industry, at the present time.in industry, at the present time.
Level of industry recognition of the benefits that Level of industry recognition of the benefits that could accrue from the development / implementation could accrue from the development / implementation of a national applications standard, embodying the of a national applications standard, embodying the 100 ISO standards.100 ISO standards.
Understanding of the advantages that could result Understanding of the advantages that could result from (virtually) simultaneous implementation by the from (virtually) simultaneous implementation by the widest possible cross-section of standards bodies widest possible cross-section of standards bodies around the world.around the world.
Review education / training requirements :Review education / training requirements :
Adequate training resource not readily available – Adequate training resource not readily available – need to plan and sourceneed to plan and source
Consider the risk of doing nothingConsider the risk of doing nothing Recognise that this will not be a quick-fixRecognise that this will not be a quick-fix Necessary to work towards the medium termNecessary to work towards the medium term
therefore therefore Essential to start an introduction process Essential to start an introduction process
immediately immediately
There is reason to believe that Industry/ business is There is reason to believe that Industry/ business is becoming aware that it has a problem in this area, becoming aware that it has a problem in this area, even if it doesn’t fully recognise the nature of the even if it doesn’t fully recognise the nature of the problemproblem
There is an increase in the number of companies There is an increase in the number of companies seeking training , especially in the TPS areaseeking training , especially in the TPS area
Where such schemes have been introduced, there Where such schemes have been introduced, there is evidence of rapid growth in participationis evidence of rapid growth in participation
Will industry support an implementation Will industry support an implementation scheme?scheme?
Many companies claim to work to standards, but are rarely challenged to substantiate the claim.Many companies claim to work to standards, but are rarely challenged to substantiate the claim.
The concept of an accreditation / certification programme could be appropriate in the long term.The concept of an accreditation / certification programme could be appropriate in the long term.
Beyond training: Beyond training: recognition of TPS competencerecognition of TPS competence
Closing PointClosing Point
Standards adoptionStandards adoption
Implementing of the model standard as National Implementing of the model standard as National Standards by National Standards Bodies and their Standards by National Standards Bodies and their full adoption by industry world wide will facilitate full adoption by industry world wide will facilitate
the sharing of a uniform understanding of the the sharing of a uniform understanding of the design intent of products, between specifiers and design intent of products, between specifiers and verifiers (component suppliers, sub-contractors verifiers (component suppliers, sub-contractors
and customers) around the world.and customers) around the world.
Thank you for your attentionThank you for your attention
Note:
Not intended as part of the presentation.
It is recommended that for audiences constituted primarily of technically oriented individuals (practising designers, engineers, metrologists), additional modules presenting information about the detailed technical aspects of the current TPS
standardization programme, should be added.
Information providing example of appropriate content for such modules can be obtained on request to ISO/TC 213.
