ISSN 0725-914X

progenitor

QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE Volume 31 GENEALOGICAL SOCIETY OF THE Number 3 NORTHERN TERRITORY INC. September 2012

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THE GENEALOGICAL SOCIETY OF THE NORTHERN TERRITORY INC

The Family History Place PATRON - His Honour the Honourable Austin Asche AC QC HONORARY OFFICE BEARERS:

President: Keven Young Senior Vice President: Flora Love Vice President: Dianne Tessmann Secretary/Public Officer: June Tomlinson 0412 018 015 Treasurer: Elaine Barry Committee Members: Robyn Pinkerton Loretta Grimster Bev Davis Research Officer: Vern O'Brien Assistant Research Officer: Beatrice Mayo Cemetery Coordinator: Vern O'Brien Pioneer Coordinator: Keven Young Editor Progenitor: Dianne Tessmann Web Administrator: Auditor: Sue Lee and Associates

OBJECTS OF THE SOCIETY The basic aims of the Society are to promote genealogical and family history research; to further the study of genealogy by the collection of historical data; to educate in genealogy and family history methods; and to urge the preservation of personal historical records. MEMBERSHIP Ordinary membership of the Society shall be open to all whom apply for membership, and are accepted by the Executive Committee of the Society and pay the annual subscription. SUBSCRIPTIONS Joining Fee $10.00 (for one address) Family* $48.00 for 1

st person plus $40 per additional family member at same address

Single* $48.00

Family Country $33.00 for 1st person plus $25 per additional family member at same address –

available to those living beyond Batchelor in the Northern Territory Single Country $33.00

Family Pensioner $33.00 for 1st person plus $25 per additional family member at same address –

available to those living beyond Batchelor in the Northern Territory Single Pensioner $33.00

Overseas AUD $25.00 (Journal only)

The membership year is from 1 July through to 30 June.

Those membership categories marked with * maybe used in conjunction with the Northern Territory Seniors Card to receive a 10% discount.

Payment:- cheque, cash, bank transfer BSB 035 306 Account 229051 (Westpac Casuarina) Quote Surname as a reference

DARWIN LIBRARY Located on the first floor, Cavenagh Court, 25 Cavenagh Street, Darwin (Northern Territory Archives building). Library Hours: Saturday 1.00 pm - 5.30 pm Monday 9.30 am - 5.15 pm Tuesday 9.30 am - 5.15 pm MEETINGS The General Meetings of the Society are held at 1.30pm on the second Saturday of every month except January, in the Society's Library, first floor Cavenagh Court, 25 Cavenagh Street Darwin. The Annual General Meeting is held on the second Saturday in September each year commencing at 1.30pm. Visitors welcome

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RESEARCH FEES Members free. Non members $20 per person per visit to the Society's Library. Postal enquiries - $33 per hour with minimum deposit of $33 incl. GST. Photocopying and certificate purchases if needed, will be an additional fee. Country members -(those living outside the Darwin Rural area) 4 free hours in a financial year, additional hours $16.50 per hour. A stamped self addressed envelope please. Overseas correspondents should remit cheques in Australian currency with three International Coupons and a self addressed envelope. PUBLICATIONS A full listing of publications for sale is available from the Secretary and our website. ADVERTISING IN PROGENITOR Full page for four consecutive issues -$160 Full page for one issue S50 Half page for four consecutive issues -$100 Half page for one issue $30 Memberships can advertise their research name free of charge. Advertisements for members less 5% ENQUIRIES All correspondence to be addressed to: The Honorary Secretary, Genealogical Society of the Northern Territory Inc. PO Box 37212 Winnellie NT 0821 AUSTRALIA Email: gsntinc@bigpond.net.au Web Page: www.gsnt.org.au Telephone 08 89817363 Fax 08 89817383. Donations to the Genealogical Society of the Northern Territory over $2.00 are tax deductible.

PROGENITOR THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE GENEALOGICAL SOCIETY OF THE

NORTHERN TERRITORY INC.

This Society does not hold itself responsible for statements made or opinions expressed by authors of papers published in this journal. The accuracy of offers, services or goods appearing in Progenitor cannot be vouched for by this Society.

CONTENTS PAGE

Northern Territory A Postal History Mail Services and Cattle 56

Researching and Marking Pioneer Cemeteries of the

Northern Territory 58 Southport Cemetery 64

Book Review Walking my Baby Back Home By Valerie Asche AM 65 From the Journals 65

New to the Library 66 Member‟s Interests 67 Johnston Descendants Reunion 68

FRONT COVER: The Plaque marking the last resting place of residents of the Town of Southport 1873 – 1887 Please note members of the Society. We have been informed of the passing of Paul Hedrick. Paul has been a member of the Society since 1996. Our condolences go to his family at this sad time.

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NORTHERN TERRITORY:

A POSTAL HISTORY

1824 – 1975

E Williams and P Collas – Society of Australasian Specialists 1977

Mail Services and Cattle

The opening of the Palmerston-Pine Creek railway brought about numerous changes in the inland mail routes and contracts. The long existing boat service to Southport and the road service thence to Pine Creek, and points enroute, were cancelled even before completion of the line. The Post Office entered into an arrangement with the railways for all mails to be placed on the line to be carried for the sum of £700 a year, on the basis of three mails each week. In 1890 the rail service was reduced to twice weekly and mails diminished accordingly. In that year there was only one spur service, between Burrundie and the silver diggings at Eveleen, where a post office had been opened in 1889. The mailman was allowed 15 hours for his trip in either direction.

The Eveleen mines were forced to close eventually because of the lack of a labour force. This was a rich silver area, and the silver export figure for 1887 alone was 295 tons, then valued at £13,675. Early in 1892 the Burrundie-Eveleen mail route was abandoned and a new route, Union Town-Eveleen, established. This route was in existence for a few months only, both the mail route and the post office ceased operations later in the same year. Eveleen had respectable postal revenues, even up to £30 in 1889, but in its final year 1892, the recorded figure was on 1/3d.

South of the railway terminus at Pine Creek, the main route extended to Katherine and Maude Creek. By the „90‟s, this was conducted on a weekly basis, the mailman leaving Pine Creek at 5am every Saturday, reaching Katherine on Sunday at noon. He left Katherine on Monday at 1pm to reach Pine Creek at 7pm on Tuesday. The Maude Creek post office had been opened in 1888 con-currently with the extension of the mail service from Katherine, but both post office and mail service ceased in 1892 when the local minefields had become almost deserted.

A new gold area name Wandi, sometimes call Wandie, 30 miles east of Pine Creek, came into prominence in 1896, and in that year a weekly mail service with Pine Creek was established and a post office opened. Wolfram (tungsten) was discovered in the Wandi area in 1901. Like so many other mining fields, Wandi ran its course, and as the field became abandoned both the main route and the post office ceased to function at the end of 1906. There were then no other official mail services from Palmerston extending any further southward than Katherine and Maude Creek. Such mails as there might be for the cattle stations and for the staffs of the telegraph repeater stations were entrusted to the Overland Telegraph maintenance men, to travellers, and to the occasional police trooper who might have business along the lonely track.

In the Centre, other routes had developed from the South Australian side. In 1888, The Peake-Alice Springs service was being maintained on a five weekly basis. When The Peake was renamed Oodnadatta following the extension of the southern railway to that point in 1891, the service continued in operation. The Northern Territory administration was responsible only for the costs of the service above latitude 26 degrees south, extending over about 200 miles.

For a period over 1888-89, a mail service was also maintained from Crown Point, north of the Charlotte Waters telegraph station, to the Lutheran mission station known as Hermannsburg, on the Finke River, but later this route was changed to Horseshoe Bend-Hermannsburg. At one time camels were used by the mail contractors instead of horses because of the shortage of water.

The Hermannsburg Mission was established by two young Germans, Pastors FAH Kempe and WF Schwarz, in October 1875. The non-official post office at Hermannsburg was opened in 1891. The Hermannsburg post office remained in continuous operation until 1917, when it was closed. In 1959 this post office was again opened.

Not until 1 January 1891 was there a secondary mail service out of Alice Springs, this being operated every five weeks to the little settlement of Arltunga, 65 miles distant, where Joseph Hale had discovered gold in 1887. The Arltunga post office opened its door on the day the mail service commenced and was maintained, more or less continuously, until 1928. Alice Springs was then a very small community and not of much importance postally. It was not even a money order office until 1903. A new post office of 1903 was Winnecke, sometimes called Winnecke‟s Depot, 52 miles out from Alice Springs and a gold prospecting area.

At the eastern end of the Territory the overland mail service linking Rocklands in Queensland and Top Camp was discontinued on 31 March 1886, mainly because of the closing of the Rocklands post office in the previous year. The Rocklands-Top Camp mail route became merged into a new Borroloola-Camooweal service, a distance of 432 miles, which opened 1 April 1886. The first contractors were Messrs Lawless and Fraine, who engaged to run the mail twice a month between the terminals for the sum of £650 per annum. A fresh contract, for the same service, for five years, was entered into 1 April 1890, with Messrs Clark and Scott for £480 per annum and with HE Lawson from 1 April for £320 per annum.

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At most times the route was a difficult one to within about 80 miles of Borroloola because of scarcity of water in the dry season. In the wet season the flooded countryside presented a different set of problems for travellers. The stages were from Borroloola to Top Springs (78 miles), to Walhallow Downs (40 miles), to Anthony‟s Lagoon (22 miles), to Corella Downs(60 miles), to Brunette Downs (35 miles), to Alexandria (Top Camp) (52 miles), to Rankine Dam (40 miles), to Avon Downs (55 miles), to Happy Creek (37 miles) and to Camooweal (13 miles). This service was maintained, with slight variations in the route, until the end of 1945.

The subsequent opening of other mail routes across the Barkly Tableland came as a logical sequence to the establishment of the great cattle stations in that region and elsewhere in the Territory. Attempts to introduce herds had been made as early as 1824 at Melville Island, in 1827 at Raffles Bay and in 1835 at Port Essington – the periods of the military settlements. Both Finniss and Goyder had brought livestock when they established their little colonies, but at that time the immediate purpose was to provide a store of food for the colo9nists.

The first cattle to be brought overland had been driven from the south during the period of the construction of the Overland Telegraph line and proved to be of great value at time when meat was urgently needed to augment the scanty rations of the construction gangs. Also, because of the primary need of cattle for local food requirements at Palmerston, herds were driven across from Queensland, the first contingent arriving in 1872 with Wentworth D‟Arcy Uhr in charge. He had come 1,500 miles from Charters Towers with 400 bullocks and provided the Palmerstonians with the first fresh beef they had had for two years.

Thereafter, the tempo increased and the era of the great cattle stations dawned. By 1877, the great Nathaniel Buchanan and others, were moving substantial numbers of cattle into the Territory, but the first real stocking of the North may be said to have begun in 1881, when Buchanan overlanded 20,000 cattle from southwest Queensland to stock Glencoe and Daly River stations. Shortly afterwards, the Durack family were bringing large mobs of cattle across. The subsequent development of the cattle industry was advanced by other pioneers, notably the late Sir Sidney Kidman.

By 1886, more than 270,000 square miles of the Territory were held under pastoral leases. Cattle stations engulfed almost the whole of the Tableland, stretched westward to the Western Australian boundary, and beyond, and reached south was to embrace most of the suitable available lands. Explorer AC Gregory and reported very favourably on the Victoria River area following his 1855-56 Northern Australian expedition, but although cattle were moved into the region comparatively early, it was a Cinderella land so far as postal and mail services were concerned and was not favoured with anything better than a very irregular mail service until comparatively late in its history. The Victoria River might well have developed more quickly if earlier colonizing proposals had been implemented. As early as 1879, some efforts were being made to establish a settlement of not less than 500 persons at that place but the project lapsed for want of government support.

Glencoe was the first cattle station in the Territory. It was near Brock‟s Creek and had been taken up in 1878 by Travers and Fibson of Punjab station near Aramac in Queensland. The second station was Springvale, eight miles west of Katherine, and the third was the Elsey, formed in 1880 by Abraham Wallace of Stuart‟s Meadow, north of Broken Hill. The Victoria River Downs station was the first in the northwest and was formed by N Buchanan in 1883. The Big Run of this station was established in the following year by Lindsay Crawford, who left the key at the Daly Waters telegraph office to undertake the assignment for Fisher and Lyons of Adelaide. Crawford later re-joined the O.T. Another Overland Telegraph man, Tom Nugent, a lineman at Tennant‟s Creek, later relinquished the wires to form the Banka Banka station.

The Glencoe, Springvale and Elsey stations were fortunately situated with reasonable distance of the mail routes which paralleled the telegraph line from Port Darwin as far south as Katherine and beyond. When circuit routes became the practice, the stations were visited by the mailman at regular although lengthy intervals.

Almost every Australian has read, at some time or another, Mrs Aeneas Gunn‟s enduring saga,‟ We of the Never Never‟. The Never Never of the story was the Northern Territory and, in particular, the Elsey cattle station where the loved Maluka, Aeneas Gunn, was part owner and manager. The book introduces a host of unusual characters and provides a fascinating introduction to life in the Territory as it was in 1902, the year of the story. And of those characters, one of the most captivating was the Fizzer, the mailman, whose route was that long and lonely one between Katherine and Anthony‟s Lagoon.

Of the Fizzer, Mrs Gunn had much to say, and it can only be repeated in her own words:

The Fizzer is unlike every type of man excepting a bush mailman. Hard, sinewy, dauntless, and enduring, he travels day and day and month after month practically alone – “on me Pat Malone” – he calls it – with or without a blackboy according to circumstances, and five trips out of his yearly eight throwing dice with death along his dry stages, and yet at all times as merry as a gig, and as chirrupy as a young grasshopper . . .

A thousand miles on horseback, . . . into the Australian interior and out again, travelling twice over three long dry stages and several shorter ones, and keeping strictly to the government time – limit, would be a life experience to the men who set that limit – if it wasn‟t a death experience. “Like to see one of „em doing it „emselves,” says the Fizzer. Yet never a day late, and rarely an hour, he does it eight times a year, with a “So long, chaps,” and a “Here we are again” . . .

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At all seasons of the year he calls the first two hundred miles of this trip a “kid‟s game”. “Water somewhere nearly every day, and a decent camp most nights.” And although he speaks of the next hundred and fifty as being a “bit off during the Dry”, he faces its seventy – five mile dry stage, sitting loosely in the saddle, with the same cheery, “So long, chaps.”

Five miles to “get a pace up” – a drink, and then that seventy miles of dry, with any “temperature they can spare from other parts” and not one drop of water in all its length for the horses. Straight on top of that, with the same horses and the same temperature, a run of twenty miles, mails dropped off at Newcastle Waters, and another run of fifty into Powell‟

S Creek, dry or otherwise, according to circumstance.

“Takes a bit of fizzing to get into the Powell before the fourth sundown,” the Fizzer says – for, forgetting that there can be no change of horses, and leaving not time for a “spell”, after the “seventy-five mile dry” – the time limit for that one hundred and fifty miles in a country where four miles an hour is good travelling on good roads, has been fizzed at three and a half days. “Four, they call it,” says the Fizzer, “forgetting I can‟t leave the water till midday. Takes a bit of fizzing all right,” and yet at Powell‟s Creek no one has discovered whether the Fizzer comes at sundown, or the sun goes down when the Fizzer comes.

The years 1902-05 were those of the Great Drought. Vast areas of northern Australia were dry and waterless. FA Stibe, who was the first mailman to Anthony‟s Lagoon from the Katherine side before the Fizzer‟s time, had perished on the Downs, and he was but one of many travellers who failed to reach their destinations. The Fizzer, whose real name was Henry Ventlia Peckham, eventually grew tired of the lonely Anthony‟s Lagoon route, with its long, monotonous stages and dried out waterholes, and thereupon arranged a change to the Katherine-Victoria River route upon which a six weekly service was maintained. This service, first established 5 January 1908, had taken the place of the unsatisfactory sea service. It was strictly a route for horsemen; there was no road, just an ill-defined track.

Because there was need for cattlemen in the Victoria River area to have ready communications with the southern cattle markets, there were unusual features associated with the area even before the mail route came into being. Telegrams regarding the purchase of cattle were carried by packhorse courier from Wyndham or Katherine – the distance was about the same either way – at a delivery cost of £25, which was a very reasonable amount considering that the round trip of 500 miles entailed three weeks‟ hard riding with little water, and the ever present threat of attack from wild blacks. This was a very lonely track, yet sometimes foot travellers essayed the crossing. Madrill, the earlier mailman from Katherine, sometimes came across the bodies of travellers who had died of thirst. In the wet season, because of flooded rivers, the route was also perilous.

In the days before the opening of the mail route the all-important telegrams might lie at Wyndham or Katherine for weeks, although with the introduction later of the £25 delivery fee there was usually no lack of aspiring telegraph messengers. And it was for the unknown excitements of the new mail route that the Fizzer left his old round, with all its known perils and hardships. The Fizzer always had a fear that he would die of thirst, somewhere on the Downs, as did Stibe, the pioneer of the route.

The Fizzer set out for the first time, in April 1911, with mails for the Victoria River and reached his destination without mishap at the end of the wet season. But disaster overtook him on the return trip, and, ironically, he met death by drowning while attempting to save the mailbags when his horses were swept away at a flooded river crossing. The Fizzer, like others before him, had given his life for the mails. The body of the Fizzer, and of others who lived in „We of the Never Never‟ today lie together in the Never Never memorial cemetery, hard by the Stuart Highway, 12 miles south of Mataranka.

Readers interested in life in the outback would enjoy Mary Durack‟s „Kings in Grass Castles‟ and Ion Idriess‟s „Cattle King‟ (Kidman).

RESEARCHING AND MARKING PIONEER CEMETERIES OF THE

NORTHERN TERRITORY June Tomlinson

Genealogical Society of the Northern Territory Inc

We were starting to grow as a family history organisation and research queries soon started rolling in. Someone was always looking for the burial place of a missing relative – the Territory was an ideal place to “disappear”, to some it was the furthest you could go without leaving the country, they left family behind and didn‟t say where they were heading.

Others liked the wandering life of being on the road and sleeping under the stars, whilst some saw the Territory opening opportunities for them personally, there were big events like the discovery of gold at Pine Creek, the building of the overland telegraph line to connect Australia with the rest of the world, land sales, droving cattle, owning/working

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on cattle stations, mining wolfram etc. People were enticed by the thought of making big money. Some brought their families, some came alone.

Bicentennial celebrations were only a few years off and there was an upsurge in Australia of people wanting to trace their family history. The population of the NT appeared relatively unaffected by this curiosity toward their ancestors.

So how were we going to help family researchers find the burial place of their relatives? I struck on this brilliant idea that I would write to all the local Councils and ask for a copy of their Burial Register. I also approached the Conservation Commission and asked if they had any information on “Lone Graves”. This is where my plan came unstuck. I did not get one reply that said they could assist. Most of them said when you find out who is buried in our area can we have a copy of any information you find. Coming from a suburb of Sydney I was horrified that no one had been keeping track of who was buried where.

The only Burial Register to exist was for Palmerston (now the Pioneer Cemetery in Darwin), which had a faulty recording system.

My next guess was, if no burial register existed then the local church would have some knowledge. This concept doesn‟t work in the remote Northern Territory or even urban Darwin, some were very suspicious of our requests.

When the Society made overtures to various local repositories about access to their records, the response, with the exception of the Northern Territory Archives, was one of horror that the public actually wanted access to what the NT deemed as highly confidential records.

The change in attitude took a considerable time, but thankfully it did happen. However some still found the process difficult to accept. They did not understand why on a certificate say for 1905 you would want to know the cause of death or the actual place of death. This information can be a vital clue in the quest to not only record the deceased in the correct cemetery, but to explore other associated records to find out more about the person, eg Coroner Inquests, Testamentary Causes, newspapers or a report in a Police Journal, all these sources help paint the picture about the person.

WHERE TO NEXT?

In the mid 1980‟s the Society struck a deal with the local office of the then Australian Archives. Volunteers worked one night a week transcribing old Commonwealth records. We discovered that in many cases the records were very fragile and there were times when as a page was turned a piece of brittle paper would break off. In a few instances Archives advised that once we had transcribed these records the originals would not be available for further research. They would be microfilmed to preserve the records. The Society published many of these indexes which coincided with a bookstall at the 1986 Fourth Australasian Congress on Genealogy and Heraldry in Canberra. Indexes like the Northern Territory Census Records for 1881, 1891 and 1901, Pastoral Permits and Leases, Mortuary Returns, Aliens Indexes etc were well received as they were the first Northern Territory Indexes to become available. The information gave researchers a point in time when their relative was known to be in the Territory, in some cases their question was “well where did they die”. We were still sadly lacking information on Northern Territory deaths. About 1985 the Society had approached Birth, Deaths and Marriages and started to campaign for the release of the early records for the Northern Territory. There was a great deal of reluctance in having the registers indexed. It was viewed as very confidential material. Whilst this to a degree was so, we were the only State/Territory in Australia who did not have an early index published. Years later it was agreed that an index would be released covering the period 1870 – 1902. However the Society would have to provide the manpower to transcribe the Registers.

Compared with the rest of Australia, the NT does not have a long history therefore the Genealogical Society did not consider the task of transcribing the records to 1902 to be arduous. There were approximately 1,700 deaths, 650 births and 150 marriages. Finally in 1990 the BDM indexes were completed, checked, triple checked and the microfiche was then available to the public.

There were essentially four Genealogical Society members who worked on these indexes, one in particular was the late Len Cossons. By the time the indexing was completed Len was a fully paid up member of the BDM‟s tea club.

While indexing these records the Society decided that we should make the most of our opportunity. In particular we were looking for the place of death. This was considered an ideal way, by the number of deaths occurring in any one location to reveal the possibility of a “potential cemetery”. Some of these death places had actually featured in “Lone Graves of the Northern Territory compiled by Elizabeth Estbergs in 1986 but because only isolated graves had been found it was not known at that time if areas might have had a wider potential. This was the beginning of locating our cemeteries.

POTENTIAL CEMETERIES The “potential cemeteries” list meant that we could approach the NT Department of Lands Planning and Environment to see if surveys had been carried out on any of the cemeteries on our list. Lands were asked for their comments on twelve cemeteries. The advice we received varied from “areas being set aside, some surveyed, some gazetted, some just proposals”.

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WHERE ELSE COULD WE LOOK? In the 1980‟s the late Lawrie Debnam of South Australia donated to the then State Reference Library of the Northern Territory a copy of indexes he and his wife had compiled whilst researching Northern Territory Police. We immediately started negotiations with Lawrie for the GSNT to microfiche these records. Lawrie was a bit apprehensive at first, he said the cost of reproducing the indexes was way beyond him. GSNT had been very successful in marketing their own microfiche and in the end Lawrie agreed that microfiching was the only way these indexes would be available to a researcher. So in 1989 another dimension was added to our indexes. We looked for other ways to broaden our approach; some of these we stumbled across, like the Northern Territory Police Journals, which we discovered, were a magnificent source. A research query for a “Lizzie Argyle” who had been taken from her mother at Argyle Station WA meant we had to visit the Northern Territory Archives to search Police Journals. As a result of searching the Darwin Mortuary Return and the Police Journals around the area Lizzie Argyle lived, an index was made of the information found in those records. In discussions with Len Cossons, who was the mainstay of the Australian Archives and the BDM index, the Lizzie Argyle index was shown to Len as an example of the information that could be found. There was just so much information in these journals it was viewed as a „gold mine” for trawling through to find mention of people of whom we previously had no documentation to which to refer. Whilst local historians used these sources regularly, I was viewing them as a way in which we could find additional information on deaths. Len was a retired Assistant Commissioner of the Northern Territory Police Force, so he was very interested in what I had found even though he told me in no uncertain terms he was not interested in being involved in another index. He mellowed; this was just Len‟s style. Sometime later, unbeknown to the Society, Len had been visiting the Northern Territory Archives with his lap top computer. He showed me an index that he had commenced. This was the start of the “Len Cossons Index” which has produced indexes for Northern Territory Mortuary Returns, Police Journals and Probates. Our Probate Index goes further than most, everyone who is mentioned in a Will is listed, their relationship to the deceased, the decease person‟s date and place of death and where they lived. Often there are additional notations which also appear in these Probate records. WE USED OTHER SOURCES South Australia South Australian Birth Death and Marriage Indexes Biographical Index of South Australian 1836-1885 Edited by Jill Statton South Australian Government Gazette Northern Territory Testamentary Causes Jurisdiction Notices Whilst these notices are issued some weeks after a death, they do give notice of a death. The very early notices were just a statement of name and that a death had occurred. The later notices vary but usually are more informative with name, occupation and last known place of residence in the NT which are a useful means for identification, coupled with probate records, this assists in arriving at a particular persons date of death. Obituary Notices sometimes appear in the local newspaper and can add further to the record. Pioneer Index for the Northern Territory 1824-1939 In 1996 the Society commenced to compile a Northern Territory Pioneer Index. The span of years included those people who took part in the three British Settlements at Melville Island and Cobourg from 1824 to 1849 and those people resident in the Northern Territory up to and including 1939. ANOMALIES NT Birth Death and Marriage Indexes The Society had, for some time, believed there was a problem with the BDM indexes. On checking reported deaths against the NT BDM Index, the Society found that they were not always recorded in the NT and only sometimes recorded in South Australia and sometimes they were not recorded in either. Missing deaths were not confined to any period. For some unexplained reason some deaths occurring in the NT between 1887 and 1895 were only recorded in South Australia. In 1996 when the Genealogical Society took this issue up with the NT Registrar, the advice received was they were unaware that not all deaths were captured in the 1870 to 1902 Death Index. Subsequent to this NT BDM arranged for the South Australian Indexes to be searched for the missing deaths but unfortunately the deaths were only extracted for the period around 1890/91. These deaths are now included in the second release of NT Death Indexes (1903 – 1913).

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BDM Death Indices are sorted in three different ways, alphabetically by surname, by date of death, by place of death. The alphabetical sort includes the earlier deaths, these deaths have a prefix of 1A. There is a further complication to this sort. It is in two parts. Where no specific surname or given name is recorded, the name appears in a second alphabetical sort. For instance Ah Chong appears under „A‟ in the 1903 - 1913 Index, yet in the 1870 – 1902 Index this name would appear under “C”. An unnamed death appears in the 1903 – 1913 Index as “Non” or “Not named”. In the 1870 – 1902 Index this appears as “Unknown Chinese, or “Unknown European” or if the nationality was not known the entry read “unknown” these descriptions help the researcher to eliminate a person or help them to decide if they should do a further search. Pre 1902 deaths have been included on the 1903 – 1913 fiche, the sort by date of death would have the earlier deaths of around 1890 at the beginning of this index. Examples of the type of BDM anomalies are:- The first British settlement in the Top End occurred at Fort Dundas on Melville Island between 1824 and February 1829. The Territory was part of the Colony of NSW until 1863 so this settlement was administered from that state.

Fort Wellington in Raffles Bay on Cobourg Peninsula was established in 1827 and ran to about 1829. Port Essington (or Victoria Settlement) also on Cobourg Peninsula was established in 1838 and ran to 1849. These first attempts were under harsh conditions and failed. The Territory wasn‟t actually settled until Goyder‟s Party arrived in Palmerston (now Darwin) in late 1869 with the first wave of residents arriving at the start of 1870.

An example of deaths occurred during this time but not recorded in either the NT or the NSW BDM Index:

Patrick Tiernan died 28 January 1826 at Fort Dundas

John Henry Green and John Gold died on 2 November 1827 at Fort Dundas

Sophia Hicks died on 2 November 1827 at Fort Dundas

Emma Jan Dillion died in October 1846 at Port Essington

George Lambrick died in 1867 at Port Essington

Male child of George Lambrick died in 1846 at Port Essington

McDonald The Society had received a query from the family of Christopher Alexander James McDonald @ Alex McDonald, asking if we could assist in establishing the actual death of Christopher. They had tried many avenues but could not find where the death was registered. The family had in their possession a copy of a telegram which was sent on 16 June 1921 from Christopher‟s brother Charles to another member of the family, it read “just received sad news Alick‟s death Murranji River. No particulars”. The Society applied to NT BDM for a copy of Christopher‟s death certificate, we received a “No record result”. A search was then undertaken, reference was found in an historical report on the Murranji Track Ghost Road of the Drovers by Darrell Lewis. A search of the Joy Davis Index for the Northern Territory Times and Gazette lists Alex McDonald in the issue for the 4 June 1921. The reference read “A wire has been received from Newcastle Waters stating that Alex McDonald contract drover in charge of 1250 bullocks owned by Kidman, died last night from fever”. A further reference in Stockman’s Hall of Fame February 1996 – The Murranji Track – ‘ghost road of the drovers’ stated “Perhaps the last to die on the Murranji was a man named McDonald who died at Murranji Waterhole in 1921 from the effects of malaria” another reference in Across Unknown Australia by Michael Terry in the chapter Breaking-In a new Track page 193 “A. McDonald, died May 1921.” “Here lay a brave man claimed by the remorseless Bush, while breaking in the track for future generations”. The above references were supplied to the Registrar of NT BDM, who advised us to return the certificate of “No record result”. A Death Certificate was subsequently issued for an Alexck J. MacDonald who died on 28 May 1921 at Murranji Northern Territory, age 47 years, a Drover from Kamilaroi Queensland. No marriage details were given on the certificate, children were listed as “one male and two females”. The cause of death was “Malarial Fever”. The informant was R.R. Bridgland, Mounted Constable 50000326, Newcastle Waters, 25 June 1921. Now I wonder where this informant‟s information was when we first received a “No record result” certificate? Recorded in the South Australian Government Gazette but not recorded in the Palmerston Burial Register or in the NT BDMs Andrew Swalldon died about 12 November 1887 in Palmerston Hospital John Seater died on or about 5 January 1883 at the Exchange Hotel Palmerston Buried Palmerston Cemetery but not recorded in BDM Index Fannie Dool a Malayan died on 21 November 1897 Kitchie Ging died 26 October 1899 R.W Thompson died 25 February 1899

Progenitor Vol 31 No 3 Page 62

Edward Prosser Henry Hopewell died on the 2 May 1888 at his establishment the “Palmerston Club Hotel ” which at that time was the principal hotel in Palmerston. In 1874 he owned the Q.C.E. Hotel (Quality, Comfort Ease) at Adelaide River and another hotel in Southport, he also owned the mail run between Southport and Pine Creek. He was a member of the old Palmerston District Council and he had interests in race horses. Edward‟s death was reported in the Northern Territory Times and Gazette newspaper May 1888. He has a large headstone in the Palmerston Cemetery and the symbol of the Free Masons is also included on this headstone. Hopewell Road and Hopewell Street Adelaide River were named after Edward. Listed in the Darwin Inquest Book 1876 – 1905 but not recorded in BDM Index Ah Man Tepp died on 9 May 1877 Ah Tong died 15 February 1881 – A Prisoner in the Palmerston Gaol Chen Cheok died 31 October 1881 – A Prisoner in the Palmerston Gaol Musutaro a Diver from Palmerston died on 31 October 1899 when his helmet accidentally came off whilst diving near the Vernon Islands. Article appearing in the Northern Territory Times and Gazette but death not included in NT BDM Index The death of an unknown person occurred sometime between 5 – 8 March 1884, 120 Miles North of Peak Station near Charlotte Waters. Found in the Anthony’s Lagoon Police Station Mortuary Book (1890 – 1949) but not included in the NT BDM Index George Clarke and Charles De Bailleucourt Deloitte died 31 January 1892, they were murdered by Aboriginals and found dead at Creswell Downs. Died in the Northern Territory but not recorded in the BDM Index1870 – 1902 is now listed in the BDM Index for 1903 - 1913 Henry Kilian died in the Northern Territory on 20 November 1890 Palmerston Burial Register This was the Northern Territory‟s first cemetery, the only Register found for early graves. Senior Surveyor A.T. Woods recorded the square area of some 48 acres for the cemetery in 1869. Today there are approximately 90 graves, but in reality there were hundreds more. The Society obtained a microfilm copy of the Palmerston Burial Register from the NSW State Library. Instead of solving some of the mysteries associated with this Cemetery, the film highlights more anomalies. For instance each grave has been allocated a grave and disc number, there is no explanation as to why it was necessary to have two numbering systems. In some cases these have been confused and there are graves with the same disc number, in fact there are several with the same grave number even though they are in a different part of the cemetery. There are also graves with no numbers and unexplained gaps in the allocation of numbers. There is even a record of a person being buried twice several days apart. The Burial Register has also been used to record the Minutes of a few meetings, which were unrelated to Cemetery business. OTHER SIGNIFICANT CONTRIBUTORS The Joy Davis Index has also made a large contribution to our quest in finding references to early Territorians. Lawrie Debnam had indexed the Northern Territory Times and Gazette from 1873 to 1914. Joy took up further indexing of this newspaper from 1915 to 1921. The index has proved invaluable particularly when we are looking for a death, more so when this death has not been recorded in the BDM Index. The newspaper article forms part of our evidence to support our application for inclusion. Northern Territory of Australia – Deaths 1824 to 2004 Part 1 (A BTM Index)

This index consolidates all information extracted on Northern Territory related deaths from cemetery registers, headstones, newspapers, probates, police journals, Coroner Inquests and Testamentary Causes. It was published as a CD containing 31,000 deaths, however the work on researching deaths has continued and this number has grown to around 45,000. The index also lists some Territorians who died and/or were buried outside the Territory.

The Edna Pratt Index – Edna indexed Northern Territory newspapers after the 1921 period, these indexes covered the Northern Standard and the Northern Territory Times and Gazette after the 1921 period, and progressed into the current newspaper the NT News and other associated publications. Elaine Barry – started to make an index of historical articles in Darwin newspapers, this is a well worn index – some of us can recall an article but not when, this index has been very useful in assisting many people find their relatives. Elaine is also indexing the Darwin newspapers following on from the late Edna Pratt‟s work, so this is another very useful resource which continues to grow.

Progenitor Vol 31 No 3 Page 63

Nancy Eddy a local historian had the foresight to photograph all the monumental structures in what was left of the Palmerston Pioneer Cemetery and the Gardens Road Cemetery. Vandals over the years have desecrated many of the monuments, but Nancy‟s effort ensured that we were left with a photographic reference. Vern O’Brien has been a significant contributor to the recording of Northern Territory Cemeteries. Vern commenced his survey career in 1946. He was Surveyor General in the Northern Territory during 1966, Director of Lands in 1967 and the Secretary of the Department of Mines and Energy after Self Government in 1978 until his retirement in 1980. Vern was awarded the OBE for services to surveying and the community. His interest in cemeteries is total. Through his expertise, his inside knowledge and his ability to recall places and events in Northern Territory history he has proved to be a driving force with our project. Over the years he has amassed a large collection of photographs, which assists in referencing gravesites.

WHERE ARE WE NOW? In researching remote cemeteries the Society put forward to the Heritage Branch of the Northern Territory Government, a proposal to install bronze markers in our early rural cemeteries. These cemeteries are no longer in use but they remain a significant part of our history – they are the resting place of pioneers who helped make the Territory what it became. Eight cemeteries have these markers installed, Brock‟s Creek (Zapopan), Port Darwin Camp, Stapleton, Emungalan, Southport, Rum Jungle, Maranboy and Fort Dundas. The Heritage Branch of the Northern Territory Government is working towards having these cemeteries signposted and incorporated into a heritage trail for locals and tourists. Each marker states the names of those who are buried there and their date of death. It is a fitting mark of respect to our Pioneer Territorians. REFERENCES Adams Jill – unpublished - Northern Territory Consolidated Death Index Northern Territory of Australia – Deaths 1824 to 2004 Part 1 (A BTM Index) Cossons Len – 1990 - Borroloola Inquest Book, 28 December 1889 to 10 November 1930 - microfiche Cossons Len – 1990 - Anthony‟s Lagoon Mortuary Book 1890 – 1948 - microfiche Cossons Len – 1990 - Newcastle Waters Police Station Mortuary Book 1893 –1951 - microfiche Cossons Len – 1992 – 1993 - Northern Territory Probate Index - microfiche Cossons Len – unpublished - Northern Territory Police Journals indexed by Davis Joy – 1993 – 1999 - Index to the Northern Territory Times and Gazette 1915 – 1921 – microfiche Pratt Edna and Beatrice Mayo – Newspaper Index from the Northern Standard in 1921 – onwards, Edna Pratt – Index to Public Notices in the Northern Territory News, Sunday Territorian and Suburban Newspapers Elaine Barry – Index to historical articles and Index to Darwin Newspapers Debnam Lawrie – 1989 - Index of people in the Northern Territory Times and Gazette November 1873 – December 1914 - microfiche Debnam Lawrie – 1989 - Index of people mentioned in the Northern Territory Government Gazette November 1883 – December 1914 - microfiche Debnam Lawrie – 1989 - Men of the Northern Territory Police 1870 – 1914 - microfiche Estberge Elizabeth – 1986 Lone Graves of the Northern Territory - microfiche Lewis Darrell – 1992 - The Ghost Road of the Drovers – Report on The History and Historic Sites of the Murranji Stock Route prepared for The National Trust of Australia (N.T.) Member of the Genealogical Society of the Northern Territory Inc – 1988 - Northern Territory‟s Palmerston Cemetery and Some of its Occupants O‟Brien O.B.E. Vernon T.- 1996 - Elsey Cemetery Northern Territory (We of The Never Never) compiled by O‟Brien O.B.E. Vernon T – 1993 - Northern Territory Cemetery Book No. 1 compiled by O‟Brien O.B.E. Vernon T & Adams Jill – 1999 - Borroloola and Gulf District Deaths compiled by 1990 - Place Names Unit, Department of Lands, Planning and Environment - Northern Territory Street Names and their Origins complied by Terry F.R.G.S., F.R.A.I., F.R.C.I. Michael - Across Unknown Australia - Chapter - Breaking-in New Track Northern Territory Birth, Death and Marriage Index 1870 to 1902 - microfiche 2000 - Northern Territory Birth Index 1903 – 1918 - microfiche 2000 - Northern Territory Marriage and Death Index 1903 – 1913 - microfiche Testamentary Causes from various Northern Territory newspapers South Australian Government Gazette various dates - microfiche South Australian Birth Death and Marriage Indexes - microfiche Palmerston Cemetery Burial Register – microfilm

Progenitor Vol 31 No 3 Page 64

SOUTHPORT

Surveyor Goyder‟s first report of September, 1869 merely reports the main satellite port came into existence during the operations of the Northern Territory Survey Expedition commanded by Surveyor General George W. Goyder.

Palmerston (Darwin) was surveyed as the main centre and satellite towns (but not by name) completed at Fred‟s Pass; on the “Elizabeth River and the Blackmore River” during survey, the three town sites were named in 1870 when he returned to Adelaide. They were to be called DALY, VIRGINIA and SOUTHPORT respectively.

Archive papers have not shown how Virginia got its name, but the Township of Daly at Fred‟s Pass was tied to the Daly Range named by Stuart in 1862 after Dominick Daly, then Governor of South Australia. Southport, we conclude, took the name as part of the south outlet for the Darwin harbour at Middle Arm. Parliamentary Papers as a result of Goyder‟s report on his return in September 1869 showed the plans of the Townsite at the junction of the Blackmore and the Darwin Rivers and adjoining the Hundred of Cavenagh in 1870 and the town as SOUTHPORT.

The surveyors William Harvey and A H Smith (after whom Darwin‟s main street is named) showed the layout of the town in April, 1869. Cadet W W Mills, who was later to find the Alice Springs waterhole in 1871, surveyed much of the Hundred of Cavenagh adjoining the Southport town site. Somewhere in the process before 1870, the Cemetery square area, south west of the Town was laid out. The Town‟s 12 streets were named by Goyder in 1870, ten of which carried the names of the men who figured in the major survey. They are: Aldridge J, Austin Job, Barrow R W, Cherry Tom, Collett W, Kersley G, Musgrave W C, Price, Alex Ringwood, Ned Tuckwell and East Terrace and South Terrace. These tow Terraces form the eastern and southern boundaries of the Town.

William Collett was on the first boat which came ashore from the “Moonta” in February 1869 with Goyder and the ship‟s Captain. In the second boat was Ned Tuckwell, Barrow and Kersley were with Stephen King, timber cutting with the first group of surveyors on the survey of the Town of Palmerston (Darwin), but many of them moved over to Southport as the survey progressed with Senior Surveyor W Harvey and A H Smith.

With the arrival of the main settlers on the “Kohinoor” in January, 1870 and the arrival of Captain W Bloomfield Douglas, the first civilian Government Resident, in the “Bengal” in June, the first moves were made to open up the southern port – “Southport” and Douglas had additional waterfront sites laid out. In 1871 and 1872 the main impetus was to put into the construction of the Overland Telegraph Line to connect the cable between Java and Palmerston and across the harbour to Southport with the rest of Australia.

As the route south of Southport was laid out to Collect Creek, Rum Jungle and Stapleton, the old coach road was delineated as part of the Hundreds of Sections laid out by Goyder‟s surveyors. The Overland Telegraph Line was laid out within the eastern boundary of the old coach road reserve within heading south from Southport towards Tumbling Waters. In post war years, an old cypress pole was retrieved from the coach road and is on display at the Alice Springs Telegraph Station with the other types of poles erected in the Territory, showing the various timbers used along with the metal Oppenheimer poles.

In 1873, work progressed on the Telegraph Line, a John O‟Donnell aged 26 from Mount Gambier had joined the Telegraph parties. In November of that year he became ill and died on the river between Southport and Port Darwin on the „Mary Sophia. He is one of the first recorded deaths of a Southport resident. The Hon Thomas Reynolds, Commissioner for Crown Lands, visited the Territory in 1873 and commented on the lack of water at the Southport Township and referred to the necessity of laying out a town at nearby Tumbling Waters.

Surveyor A L McKay arrived at Port Darwin in 1873 and had been registered as a surveyor of the Goldfields. He was later to survey an extension of the town site at “Tumbling Waters” on the east side of the Blackmore River in 1874. This became one of the roadside stop over‟s when hotels had sprung up on the wagon road to Stapleton and Adelaide River. Southport had progressed from one Government shed on the jetty to a number of stores, dwellings and tents. . that clearly made Southport „the second Town of North Australia‟. The second Government resident G B Scott received a deputation from men mining in the area to lengthen the jetty in 1873.

A year after O‟Donnell‟s death in 1873, Richard Carveth, a storekeeper at Southport died on 2 December, 1873. Dr S K Ellison and Captain F J Lathlain, a mining manager attended Carveth. William French drowned in the Blackmore River on 3 May 1874 and an inquest was held before Mr Liston at Southport and reported both in the Northern Territory Times and the South Australian Chronicle. Herbert Ring, a Police Trooper at Southport and others testified. References were made to Somner‟s Hotel at Southport and French getting into a boat. He later drowned.

On 24 September, another John O‟Donnell, a gold miner, aged 35 at Yam Creek died of consumption at Southport. A Police Trooper Herbert Ring certified his death there. Ring later worked as a boat builder at Southport. When the District Council of Palmerston was constituted in 1874 moves were made to bring the Palmerston Cemetery under their control. Some residents were concerned at the non segregation of Europeans and Asians. The effect of these statements being made about the burials at Palmers (Goyder Road, Parap) Cemetery had some bearing on burials at Southport.

The Re-Discovery of the Southport Cemetery

In early 1983 consideration had been given by the Northern Territory Government to the use of the Cemetery Reserve at Southport. It was certainly intended by the Surveyor General Goyder as one of the Cemetery Reserves to serviced the satellite towns he proposed at Southport and Daly (Fred‟s Pass). The Cemetery at Southport had appeared on

Progenitor Vol 31 No 3 Page 65

public plans as such, but may not have been officially gazetted in the 1870‟s. As some of the first Europeans deaths occurred in the Territory in that year, there was a need to use the burial ground in the Reserve created. Thirty had died in various locations in the Territory by that date, including Alphonse Nienaber, Privetts and George McLachlan.

When the first deaths occurred at or near Southport and at Tumbling Water, four miles south on the coach road, some discussion occurred in the Northern Territory Times about the state of the Cemeteries at Palmerston and Southport. The District Council of Palmerston made the first bid to control the main cemetery, but this was later delayed until March/April 1883 when the freehold of the Cemetery area in Darwin was transferred to the Council. By this stage 700 deaths had been recorded in the Territory. Large numbers of Chinese particularly, had died on the Goldfields in 1879, 1880 and 1881. A group of about fifty Chinese had died of fever at Southport. These show dramatically in the Cemetery listing between 1879 and 1887, particularly in 1880 when 15 died at Southport alone.

In recent years, The Genealogical Society has been able to secure Heritage grant finance to assist them to mark some appropriate early Cemeteries with a bronze plaque remembering those early Territorians who had passed away in the 1873 to 1887 period. The Southport Cemetery marker covers some 60 odd Territory residents who pass away in this period. A great deal of the early history of these folk is being recorded in the Pioneer Register files of the Society. In drawing attention of the relevant authorities who have a responsibility to care for these Cemeteries, we can ensure that efforts of those early Territorians are not forgotten.

BOOK REVIEW WALKING MY BABY BACK HOME My journey with TB before antibiotics By Valerie Asche AM What a book! Once I started to read it I could not put it down. It truly astounds me that Valerie has lived to tell the tale of her journey during her illness with TB. This story is about young lady who is full of life and enthusiasm starting off her studies at University only to become ill with pleurisy, which did not improve, the result was a break in University studies, bed rest and a referral to the part-time Director of Tuberculosis in Victoria. Frightening stuff. Valerie describes the different phases of her illness, her life at Greenvale Sanatorium, her friendships with other patients, her family and the subsequent treatment in the 1940‟s for people suffering with TB. There were some parts of this book I read several times; I could not believe the barbaric treatment. Greenvale was a close knit environment, everyone was fighting to stay alive, most didn‟t, some did, this was another part of the illness which was depressing, knowing that others had TB and were dying. As I read this I was astounded that anyone could live through the treatment, yet Valerie did – what an amazing person. Thanking you for sharing your story, June Tomlinson FROM THE JOURNALS. FAMILY TREE UK APRIL 2012

Chris Paton takes a look at the fast-changing world of the FamilySearch project and the ways in which we can participate in its various initiatives. FAMILY TREE UK JUNE 2012

Ireland‟s genealogical journey. An very interesting article by Chris Paton about the major changes to Irish genealogy and the areas still to be addressed. Key websites Ireland. Mary Evans supplies many websites for Ulster folk. This is Part 1 and is full of information and websites so look for further articles. AUSTRALIAN FAMILY TREE CONNECTIONS JUNE 2012

England The National Archives www.nationalarchvies.gov.uk National Archives has replaced its DocumentsOnline facility with a service called Discovery which makes it easier to search the records it holds and download digitised copies. Discovery also allows records to be tagged to improve their descriptions and records to be previewed before purchase. Search results can be filtered by subject, date range and collection which returns results in order of relevance. You can test drive Discovery by selecting „Discover our collections‟ from the home page. THE CQ GENIE-OLOGIST JUNE 2012

A Bit of Blarney by Margaret Larner Certificate of Irish Heritage. For people with Irish ancestry you can obtain a Certificate of Irish Heritage. This article will tell you how.

Progenitor Vol 31 No 3 Page 66

FIND MY PAST IRELAND. www.findmypast.ie

Has now released the Irish Prison Registers 1790-1924. Information may include name, address, place of birth, occupation, religion, education, age, physical description, name and address of next of kin, crime committed, sentence, dates of committal and release/decease. In some cases the name and address of the victim is also included. This wonderful resource records more than four million names from all over the country with the most significant detail being the place of birth. Northern Territory Genealogy Society has a subscription to find my past.ie, view on Computer WHAT’S NEW AT THE QUEENSLAND STATE ARCHIVES www.archives.qld.gov.au

Wills Index 1857-1935. This is a new index compiled from the original Supreme Court Files. Index to the Administration Register to the Industrial and Reformatory School for Boys, 1871-1906. New Photographic Records of Prisoners now online: QSA is currently adding digital scans of photographic records of prisoners to the ArchivesSearch catalogue. These records are usually dated prior to 1900 and can include a physical description and criminal history for the individual. Already, there have been a large number of digital scans made available in the ArchivesSearch catalogue which are linked to QSA Item ID654069, QSA Item ID 654070 and QSA Item ID 341532. To access digital scans of these prison records, simply scroll down to the „Digital Images‟ section of the „Item Details‟ page, and click on the links you are interested in. Alternatively, you can search the Image Queensland catalogue using the name of your prisoner to locate possible matching records. BALLARAT CEMETERIES www.ballaratcemeteries.com.au

New searchable database containg deaths up to 2011. On the home page of the website, click on „visiting‟. When that page opens, to to the bottom of the page and click on „online database‟. PLACENAMES DATABASE OF IRELAND. www.logainm.ie

This massive database contains 100,000 names of towns, villages, parished, rivers and much more. From all accounts, it is a great resource for tracking down that elusive town/village mentioned in family papers.

NEW TO THE LIBRARY

Booklets

Some Overseas Shipping Arrivals in Melbourne and Geelong 1856 - 1860 - Jack Loney

Your Family History Archives – A Brief Introduction – Shauna Hicks

DNA for Genealogists – Kerry Farmer

Social Medial for family historians – Carole Riley Books

Brighton General Cemetery Personal Notices, Obituaries, Inquests, Deaths and Funeral Notices found in the Argus Newspaper

Brighton General Cemetery through the eyes of the Trove digitised newspapers

Brighton Cemetery Artists

Monash – The Man, The Leader, The City

A drift of Derwent Ducks - Trudy Mae Cowley - lives of the 200 female Irish convicts

Distant Settlements: Convicts in remote Australia – by Edward Street Biographical details of the convict mechanics who served at the settlements of Melville Island (1824-1829), Raffles Bay

(1827-1829), Western Port (1826-1827) and King George‟s Sound (1827-1830)

After Midnight - Robert Ryan

They Dared Mightily- Lionel Wigmore

A Time For Trumpets-Charles B Mcdonald

Soldiering On- Australian War Memorial

Khaki and Green- Australian War Memorial

The Seawatchers- Lawrence Durrant

East Wind Rain- Stan Cohen

Changi Photographer- Tim Bowden

Commandos and Rangers of WW2- James Ladd

World War 2 -Strange and Fascinating Facts- Don Mcombes and Fred L. Worth

Tobruk- Peter Fitzsimons

The Pacific War- Larry Sowinski

On Guard With the Volunteer Defence Corps- Australian War Memorial

Jungle Warfare- Australian War Memorial

Active Service- Australian War Memorial

H.M.A.S. Mark II (N0.2) - Australian War Memorial

H.M.A.S. Mark II (No.4) - Australian War Memorial

An Australian Story - Roy Kent

Defying The Odds- Michelle Cunningham

The Rats In New Guinea- Lawson Glassop

Pegasus Bridge- Stephen Ambrose

Cosgrove - Patrick Lindsay

The Great Tropical Drive - An Historic Journey

Origin of the O'Donoghues by Anthony Mathews

Pioneers of Liverpool (NSW)

Fitted for the Voyage Part 1 and Part 2

Progenitor Vol 31 No 3 Page 67

Outback Towns and Pubs - Bill "Swampy" Marsh

The Marriott Family in Australia 1871-1986

Tracing your British Indian Ancestors – A Guide for Family

Steele‟s Terrace – More than A Century of History Picture and Memories (Location – North of Ennis Town and west of the Fair Green is a terrace of thirty houses built as artisan‟s dwellings called Steel‟s Terrace Clare Ireland)

Farewell my children - Irish Assisted Emigration to Australia 1848 - 1870

Darling Downs Biographical Register to 1920

Nanango Pioneers and News Folder

History of Hillston NSW

The American Civil War by John Keegan CDs

Victoria's Early Church Records

The Grazier's Review Volume 10 - April 1930 - March 1931

Index to the Irish Marriages 1771 - 1812

Index of Wills and Marriage Licences for Dublin Diocese up to 1800 (Marriage, Death and other information for 40,000 Irish people in Dublin, Wicklow and Kildare from 1200 to 1800)

Bellarine Cemeteries

Mysteries, Motives and Murders of early Geelong & District 1839-1887

St Andrew's Parish Dunedin (NZ) Marriages 1863 – 1920

Passengers' List S.S. Eastern Darwin to Melbourne 15 September 1919

Passengers' List M.V. Malabar Singapore to Melbourne 12 January 1931

Index to the Marriage Licence Bonds of the Diocese of Cloyne (Cork) 1630 – 1830

GSNT Inc members interests. Please contact the Society if you are researching these Families.

Janet Leather and Eddie Webber Adams Yorkshire England 1780-1930, Plumb Devon England 1840 Julian Schuller Lyon Scotland 1830s, Lyon Liverpool Lancashire England 1870-1886, Lyon India 1900-1908 (Army), Lyon South Africia 1900-1903 (Army), Pool(e) Borders England/Wales 1800, Openshaw Wolverhampton Staffordshire England 1860-1874, Reynolds

Killishandra Cavan Ireland pre 1840 Burniece Cross Randall Enstone Oxfordshire England, McCreghan Ireland, Cooley Tasmania Australia or England, Mead New Zealand or

Tasmania Australia Rhondda Tomlinson Townley Dutton Lancashire England 1650 to 1800, Enthwisle Dutton Lancashire England 1650-1800, Pye Ribchester Lancashire England 1650-1800, Fox Osbaldeston Lancashire England 1650 to 1800, Cottam Blackburn Lancashire England 1750 to 1850, Waddington Ribchester Lancashire England 1750 to 1850, Colthurst Burnley Lancashire England 1600 to 1800

Judy Boland Boland Clare Ireland pre 1850, Hogan Tipperary Ireland, Aylward and Smith Kilkenny Ireland, Waterford Ireland, Lynch Meath Ireland, Westmeath Ireland, Mills Offaly Ireland

Carly Tsangaris Aitken Troon, Kilmarnock, Glasgow 1800-1888, Ferguson Limavady Derry Northern Ireland 1800-1890, Neale Cerne Abbas

Dorset England 18th and 19th Century Russell Williams Primmer Brighton Sussex England pre 1800, Williams Gloucestershire England pre 1830, Black Paisley Renfrewshire Scotland pre 1800, Anderson Lanarkshire Scotland pre 1820

Susan and Gary Carter Forder Broken Hill NSW Australia 1860+ Mim Regan Sutcliffe Haworth Yorkshire England pre 1850, Walsh Castlecomer Killkenny Ireland pre 1850, Magree Castlecomer Killkenny Ireland pre 1850, Lyons Castlecomer Killkenny Ireland pre 1850, Johnston Fife Scotland pre 1840 Linda Robson Brook-Booth England 1850 - 1960 Glover Bathurst NSW Australia 1850-1900, Gibbons Tichborne NSW Australia 1850-1900 Nerilie Heikkinen

Callister Isle of Man - anytime, Johnson Country South Australia 1850+, Godden James Wiltshire England 1810+, Wilkins Charlton Victoria Australia 1860, Johnson Pernambucco Brazil 1820, Lockyer Bridgewater Somerset England 1780+, Carpenter Bramshott Hampshire England 1800, Liston Midlothian Scotland 1820+ Margret Curry Lawler Lynally Offaly Ireland pre 1870, Bledden Lynally Offaly Ireland pre 1870

Progenitor Vol 31 No 3 Page 68

Georgina Bliss Crittenden Chatham Kent England pre 1870, Castleton Chatham Kent England pre 1870, Casselton Chatham Kent England pre

1870 Linda Robson Brook-Booth England 1880-1960, Glover Bathurst NSW Australia 1850-1900, Gibbons Tichborne NSW Australia 1850-1900

Toni Osborne

Osborne London England 1848 – 1852, McPhaidan Isle of Coll Scotland 1848+, McLean Isle of Coll Scotland 1848+

Susan Murdoch Leggo St Just Cornwell England pre 1865, Lithgow Morden Dorset pre 1849, Rowe St Levan Cornwall pre 1865, Hillier Morden Dorset pre 1850, Buxton Sth Elmham St James Suffolk England pre 1860, Cheadle Priors Lee Shropshire England pre 1850, Croft Battle Sussex pre 1850, Woolley Wellington Shropshire England pre 1850, Hyland Battle Sussex pre 1850 Kerry Bishop Bishop Gloucestershire Prison (Born Crawley Oxfordshire 1833) England 1851

Lorraine and Brian Martin Henstock Derbyshire England, Gordon London Middlesex England

Steven Bone

Bone, Duckworth, Elkington, Vitnell

Johnston Descendants Reunion Searching for any descendants of William Johnston & his wife, Isabella (nee Cunningham) who arrived in Sydney in

1817 from Scotland, In 1823 William accepted the position of Superintendent of Agriculture at Bathurst. This involved taking Isabella and their 4 very young children across the perilous Blue Mountains track by dray, probably enduring many dangers during the crossing. Eight more children were born in Bathurst. William & his family moved to the North Coast of NSW in 1839. A Johnston family Reunion is planned for Easter 2013 in Bathurst, during which a plaque will be dedicated and placed on the Bathurst Memorial wall as a tribute to William & Isabella, recognizing their incredible story and legacy left through their many descendants.

Anyone interested in receiving information on this Reunion could contact Margaret Bottom at 5 Allambie Cres., Inverell or email byronspares42@hotmail.com Yours sincerely

Margaret Bottom (Phone: 02 67210541)