7/29/2019 Issues of Food Borne Diseases 2009 01 19

1/19

Issues of food-bornediseases/illnesses

presentacion

7/29/2019 Issues of Food Borne Diseases 2009 01 19

2/19

Food Poisoning

Most food-borne diseasesfood poisoning

any condition in which a food

causes a toxic reaction Generally:

affecting the stomach andintestines

= gastrointestinal diseaseresulting from bacterial (orsometimes viral) contaminationof foods

7/29/2019 Issues of Food Borne Diseases 2009 01 19

3/19

Bacterial Food Poisoning

contamination of foodswith bacteria that do

not cause any obviousspoilage, food is still apparently

fit to eat, but may contain hazar-

dous amounts ofharmful organisms ortoxins

7/29/2019 Issues of Food Borne Diseases 2009 01 19

4/19

Bacterial Food Poisoning

or

sufficient

numbers ofbacteria to causean infection

Some bacteriaalready haveinfected theanimal or plant

7/29/2019 Issues of Food Borne Diseases 2009 01 19

5/19

Symptoms

in other cases there maybe a delay of severaldays, or even weeks,

before there are anysigns of infection

The symptoms poisoningrange from mild diarrhea,through severe diarrhea

and vomiting, topotentially life-threateningillness.

In some cases the

symptoms develop withina few hours of eating thecontaminated food

7/29/2019 Issues of Food Borne Diseases 2009 01 19

6/19

Food-poisoning Organisms

With most food-

poisoning organisms,an intake of severalthousand is requiredfor infection,

but consumption of asfew as 10 of the

virulent entero-haemorrhagic E.colistrain 0157 can causelife-threatening illness.

7/29/2019 Issues of Food Borne Diseases 2009 01 19

7/19

Causes Of Food Poisoning

The way animals areraised + crops cultivated

The way in which thefood is handled andprepared

esp. lack offood

hygiene + personalhygiene

Inadequate cooking ofcontaminated raw food(under-cooking)

Bacillus cereus:causes the "Fried Rice Syndrome"

7/29/2019 Issues of Food Borne Diseases 2009 01 19

8/19

Causes ...

Inadequate reheating

Keeping cooked food at

temperatures that favorthe growth of bacteria

Cross-contaminationbetween raw and

cooked food Poor personal hygiene

in food handlers

7/29/2019 Issues of Food Borne Diseases 2009 01 19

9/19

Major food-borne illnesses

Salmonellosis

Campylo-

bacteriosis E.coli infection,

esp. E.coli O157

Listeriosis

Cholera

(WHO ranking)

Special case: Botulism

7/29/2019 Issues of Food Borne Diseases 2009 01 19

10/19

Salmonellosis

Transmitted throughcontaminatedpoultry, eggs, and

certain other foods Also found on citrus

fruits

Causes abdominal

pain, fever, nauseaand vomiting, anddiarrhea

Incubation period

is 8 to 48 hours,and an attack maylast from three toseven days

7/29/2019 Issues of Food Borne Diseases 2009 01 19

11/19

Salmonella

Usually destroyedby adequatecooking

Some types canlead to typhoidfever

The bacteriasurvives indried food

7/29/2019 Issues of Food Borne Diseases 2009 01 19

12/19

Campylobacter jejuni

probably most commonbacterial cause ofgastroenteritisworldwide

incidence of humancampylobacter

infections has beensteadily increasing

Gastroenteritis

inflammation of the liningmembrane of the stomach and

7/29/2019 Issues of Food Borne Diseases 2009 01 19

13/19

Campylobacter jejuni

Bacteria, which isnaturally part of the

intestinal microflora Cannot be treated

with antibiotics

Can be caused bycross-contaminationduring foodpreparation

7/29/2019 Issues of Food Borne Diseases 2009 01 19

14/19

Campylobacteriosis

Most people whobecome ill develop

diarrhea, cramping, abdominal

pain and fever

Symptoms: anywherefrom 2 to 5 days afterconsuming acontaminated food

7/29/2019 Issues of Food Borne Diseases 2009 01 19

15/19

Campylobacteriosis

Poultry (raw chicken)is recognized as the

primary pathway other sources include

unpasteurized milk

and non-chlorinatedwater

common in cattle, pigsand other animals

7/29/2019 Issues of Food Borne Diseases 2009 01 19

16/19

Escherichia coli Infection

Some 5 million E. colibacteria normallyinhabit intestinal tract

Vital to processingvitamins in the diet

Several strains arepathogenic and cause

gastroenteritis Strain E. coli 0157:H7

potentially fatal form offood poisoning

7/29/2019 Issues of Food Borne Diseases 2009 01 19

17/19

E. coli 0157:H7

Outbreaks in the USlinked to spinach

and other leafyvegetables

E.coli 0157:H7probably originates

from cattle

7/29/2019 Issues of Food Borne Diseases 2009 01 19

18/19

Botulism

Caused by a toxin produced by the bacteriaClostridium botulinum

especially dangerous because a large

number of people can be poisoned byeating a batch of contaminated food

derived from the soil, grows in many meatsand vegetables

Develops in anaerobeconditions such ascanned food

7/29/2019 Issues of Food Borne Diseases 2009 01 19

19/19

Thank you!