IT in the AEC IndustryFall, 2002

The Need for Data ExchangeAs computer applications became more numerous in every domain, the need and value for exchange data between systems is an obvious benefitPreparing are report:

Word, Photoshop, Illustrator, video clip

Preparing a design: 3D Massing, detail construction model, rendering package, various analyses

IT in the AEC IndustryFall, 2002

IT in the AEC IndustryFall, 2002

Custom Translators

DXF

IGES

ISO-STEP

1970s

1980s

1990s

2000s

Evolution of Translator and Exchange Technology

IT in the AEC IndustryFall, 2002

What is a Building Product Model?

An electronic database or file incorproates 3D geometry, possibly presentation

geometry includes functional, material specs, surface

information, critical relations, esp. between multiple representations

a standard representation used for exchange between applications (CAD, engr., simulation, production)

interfaces between building aspect models, for system integration, system design/fabrication/assembly

IT in the AEC IndustryFall, 2002

The Basic Definition of the Building Product Model

Subsystem detailing

Material/Part Ordering(BOM)

Fabrication Automation

Architectural Design

Analysis Applications

Erection Planning

Construction Scheduling

Cost Estimation

A common data structure that provides two-way exchange between muliple applications

Site Planning

IT in the AEC IndustryFall, 2002

How is a Data Model Defined?1. Scope defined

2. From process models, derive significant applic.interactions

3. From process models, define entities and attributes

4.Check with applications, to derive needed entities/attributes/structures

5. Define structure how entities are related

6. Test in trial translators

7. Document spec. as an open standard

8. Work with application vendors to implement

IT in the AEC IndustryFall, 2002

Current IT Efforts to Support Integration

MEPEngr

Actors

Phase

StructuralEngr

consultants

Mech.sub

struct.sub

Other subs.

Client Program

ArchitecturalDesign

GeneralContractor

•IAI Model (IFC2.x) architectural feasibility, design, facility mgmt. IAI Architectural

Bldg. Model

AISC-CIS/2Steel Model

•AISC CIS/2 Model steel design and fabrication

PCI-CPM projectprecast model

•PCI precast concrete design and fabrication project

IT in the AEC IndustryFall, 2002

CIS/2 Structural Steel Language

ProductionPlanning

SteelDetailing

What does CIS/2 mean to a design or fabrication shop?

•Fast design coordination•Faster detailing/engineering•fabrication automation

IT in the AEC IndustryFall, 2002

Complex Joints and Detailing

IT in the AEC IndustryFall, 2002

201: explicit draughting202: associative draughting203: configuration controlled design204: mechanical design using boundary rep.205: mechanical design using surface rep.206: mechanical design using wire-frame rep.207: sheet metal die planning and design208: life cycle product change process209: design through analysis of composite and metallic structures210: electronic printed circuit assembly, design and manufacture211: electronic test, diagnostics and remanufacture212: electro-technical plants213: NC process plans for machined parts214: core data for automotive design processes215: ship arrangements216: ship moulded forms217: ship piping218: ship structures

219: dimensional inspection process planning220: printed circuit assembly mfg. planning221: functional and schematic representation of AEC process plants222: exchange between design and manufacturing for composite structures223: exchange between design and manufacturing for cast parts224: mechanical product definition for process planning using form features225: structural building elements using explicit shape representation226: ship mechanical systems227: plant spatial configuration228: building services: HVAC229: forged parts230: building structural frame: steelwork231: process engineering data

GENERIC41: fundamentals of product description and support42: geometric and topological rep.43: representation structures44: product structure configuration45: materials46: visual presentation47: shape variation tolerances48: form features49: process structure, property and representation

APPLICATION101: draughting 103: electrical applications104: finite element analysis105: kinematics106: building core model

11: the EXPRESS language reference manual APPLICATION REFERENCE MODEL LANGUAGES -12: the EXPRESS-I language reference manual NIAM - IDEF1x - EXPRESS-G

IMPLEMENTATION METHODS21: clear text encoding (file format)22: standard data access interface (SDAI)23 Early C++ bindings24: Late c++ bindings

CONFORMANCE TESTING31: general concepts32: requirements on testing laboratories33: abstract test suites34: abstract test methods

ABSTRACT TEST SUITES1201: ATS for 2011202: ATS for 2021203: ATS for 203

CONSTRUCTS501: edge-based wireframe502: shell-based wireframe503: geometry bounded 2-D wireframe504: draughting annotation505: drawing structure and administration506: draughting elements507: geometry bounded surfaces508: non-manifold surfaces

INTEGRATED RESOURCES

APPLICATION PROTOCOLS

DESCRIPTION METHODS

IT in the AEC IndustryFall, 2002

STEP Architecture

EXPRESS Data Modeling Language,

description methods:

generic and application integrated resources: re-usable EXPRESS

constructs

integrated resources

Database Schema generators

Implementation methods

EXPRESS Graphical Language,

EXPRESS-G

description methods:

ConceptualModel

ApplicationReference

Model (ARM), defined in: EXPRESS-G

application protocols

Require-ments Model

application protocols:

Application Interpreted Model

(AIM): in EXPRESS

Implement-ation Model

physical file fomat or other implementation

method(SPF)

Implement-ation Medium

Implementation methods

IT in the AEC IndustryFall, 2002

expandedEXPRESS

model(DICTIONARY)

11000000110101010101010100000101010011110011000010101010101010110010101001010101000010111100010101010110010101110010101010010101

EXPRESSdata model

Language Bindings:objects thatrepresent data modelin various languages(C, C++, Java) andfunctions to create,read and writeinstances

StandardDataAccessInterface

engineeringapplication

source code

EXPRESSlibraries

(IntegratedResources)

Software Exchange Process

IT in the AEC IndustryFall, 2002

DataStructure

DataStructure

Export

Translator

Source

Application

Import

Translator

Receiving

Application

Data

Exchange

Part 21File

Part 021 Translator Part 021

Translator

Product ModelConformance Class Subset

Typical Data Exchange Process

IT in the AEC IndustryFall, 2002

XML and Product Models

Design/Engineering/Manufacturing processes

EXPRESS-based product model

Complex engineering data, including geometry, behavioral properties, layout

Business and product information design in text

Business processes

XML

IT in the AEC IndustryFall, 2002

Design Application1

Design Application2

Design & Analysis Application3

Complex Exchanges:

Design Application4

Analysis Application5

Analysis Application6

Data Repository

Some Example Types of Exchange

IT in the AEC IndustryFall, 2002

Criteria for selection:

•real-time vs. asynchronous exchange

•passing data vs. algorithms

•narrow vs. wide semantic domain

•internal network vs. Web-based open exchanges

• total passing of dataset vs. repository with incremental additions and extractions

•who will be responsible and maintain exchange SW?

General Strategies for Exchange

IT in the AEC IndustryFall, 2002

Many possible ways to carry out Building Data Exchange:

•write to, then read from an ASCII file in some agreed upon format (DXF, IGES, STEP Part 21 file format)

•pass data between programs as C++ objects, wrapped as CORBA or COM objects (used in Intranet and file server networks)

•pass data in HTML or XML across Web (being used in e-commerce efforts)

•send JAVA objects that carry exchange data (approach being developed by Bentley)

Some Example Types of Exchange

IT in the AEC IndustryFall, 2002

The Scope of the Precast Engineering Software Product

completeproject

abandonproject

Acquire Project Do Detail Design Fabricate

Prepare Molds

Move to Yard

Schedule Engr.Staff

Material CostDatabase

Labor CostDatabase

Plant Scheduling

Prepare ProjectSchedule

Billing for Project

Deliver to Site Erect Structure

Yard LayoutPlanning

Prepare Reinf. &Hardware

Prepare/track billof Material

Prepare BatchInstructions

Note: Quality Control is performed within each high-level activity. It is not represented as distinct high-level activities .

Design IndividualPieces

Define BuildingAssembly by Copying

Drawings or fromScratch

Detail Piece-marks

Lay Out BuildingAssembly

Automated BuildingAssembly Layout

Expert

Future Add-On

CAD / IFCModel

ProjectDocuments

Import BuildingAssembly

FabricationDetail Building

Assembly

Layout IndividualPiece

1.3

1.2a*

1.1a*

1.1b*

1.2b*

Data after structuralanalysis

Complete Layout Data

Basic Layout Only

Basic Layout Only

Determine DesignLoads

review pieces forcost

Acquire Project5.1

Building Assembly Provides Crucial Information for:§ General mold and mold feature definition§ Approximate Material Quantities§ Delivery and Erection Sequence§ Cost Estimate based on Materials and Erection§ General Design, Production and other Scheduling§ Finish Layout

Detail Piece-marks ProvidesCrucial Information for:

§ Mold Feature Placement§ Detail Material Quantitiesand BOM§ Designs for plate, reinforcingand Implant fabrication§ Costs checks based onnumber of Pieces,

assembly operations§ Detail Plant Scheduling

Component Supply Contract*Routes 1.1a and 1.1b arealternative, as are 1.2a and 1.2b

Define CustomPieces

Define CustomPiece Geometry

1.4

11.3.1

11.3.3

11.3.2

11.3.4

11.3.5

Precast Product Model