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INFORMATION INFORMATION TECHNOLOGYTECHNOLOGY

CREATED BY GROUP NO. 03

POINTS COVERED UNDER

INTRODUCTION TO MICROSOFT EXCEL

Microsoft excelMicrosoft excelMicrosoft Excel is a Microsoft Excel is a commercial commercial

spreadsheet applicationspreadsheet application written and written and distributed by distributed by Microsoft for  for Microsoft Windows

 and  and Mac OS X. It features calculation, . It features calculation, graphing tools, graphing tools, pivot tables, and a macro , and a macro

programming language called Visualprogramming language called Visual Basic for Applications. It has been a very widely . It has been a very widely

applied spreadsheet for these platforms, applied spreadsheet for these platforms, especially since version 5 in 1993, and it has especially since version 5 in 1993, and it has almost completely replaced almost completely replaced Lotus 1-2-3 as the  as the

industry standard for spreadsheets. Excel industry standard for spreadsheets. Excel forms part of forms part of Microsoft Office. The current . The current

versions are 2010 for versions are 2010 for Microsoft Windows and  and 2011 for2011 forMac OS X. .

Basic operationBasic operationMicrosoft Excel has the basic features of all Microsoft Excel has the basic features of all

spreadsheetsspreadsheets It can display data as line graphs, histograms and It can display data as line graphs, histograms and

charts, and with a very limited three-dimensional charts, and with a very limited three-dimensional graphical display. It allows sectioning of data to view graphical display. It allows sectioning of data to view its dependencies on various factors from different its dependencies on various factors from different perspectives.perspectives.

It has a programming aspect, It has a programming aspect, Visual Basic for Visual Basic for ApplicationsApplications,, allowing the user to employ a wide allowing the user to employ a wide variety of numerical methods, for example, for variety of numerical methods, for example, for solving differential equations of mathematical solving differential equations of mathematical physics and then reporting the results back to the physics and then reporting the results back to the spreadsheetspreadsheet..

Finally, it has a variety of interactive features Finally, it has a variety of interactive features allowing user interfaces that can completely hide the allowing user interfaces that can completely hide the spreadsheet from the user, so the spreadsheet spreadsheet from the user, so the spreadsheet presents itself as a so-called application, or decision presents itself as a so-called application, or decision support system (DSS), via a custom-designed user support system (DSS), via a custom-designed user interface, for example, a stock analyzer, or in interface, for example, a stock analyzer, or in general, as a design tool that asks the user questions general, as a design tool that asks the user questions and provides answers and reports. and provides answers and reports.

VBA programming The Windows version of Excel supports The Windows version of Excel supports

programming through Microsoft's programming through Microsoft's Visual Basic for Applications (VBA), which is a  (VBA), which is a dialect of dialect of Visual Basic. Programming with VBA . Programming with VBA allows spreadsheet manipulation that is allows spreadsheet manipulation that is awkward or impossible with standard awkward or impossible with standard spreadsheet techniques. Programmers may spreadsheet techniques. Programmers may write code directly using the Visual Basic Editor write code directly using the Visual Basic Editor (VBE), which includes a window for writing (VBE), which includes a window for writing code, debugging and code module organization code, debugging and code module organization environment.environment.

VBA was removed from Mac Excel 2008, as the developers did not believe that a timely release would allow porting the VBA engine natively to Mac OS X. VBA was restored in the next version, Mac Excel 2011..

VBA programming

ChartsCharts Excel supports charts, graphs or histograms

 generated from specified groups of cells. The generated graphic component can either be embedded within the current sheet, or added as a separate object.

These displays are dynamically updated if the content of cells change. For example, suppose that the important design requirements are displayed visually; then, in response to a user's change in trial values for parameters, the curves describing the design change shape, and their points of intersection shift, assisting the selection of the best design.

ChartsCharts

HistoryHistoryof Microsoft excel.of Microsoft excel.

Excel 2.0 Excel 5.0 Excel 2000 Excel 2007 Excel 2010

Excel 2.0

Microsoft originally marketed a spreadsheet program Microsoft originally marketed a spreadsheet program called called Multiplan in 1982. Multiplan became very popular  in 1982. Multiplan became very popular on on CP/M systems, but on  systems, but on MS-DOS systems it lost  systems it lost popularity to popularity to Lotus 1-2-3. Microsoft released the first . Microsoft released the first version of Excel for the Mac in 30 September 1985, and version of Excel for the Mac in 30 September 1985, and the first Windows version (numbered 2.05 to line up with the first Windows version (numbered 2.05 to line up with the Mac and bundled with a run-time Windows the Mac and bundled with a run-time Windows environment) in November 1987.environment) in November 1987.

Early in 1993 Excel became the target of a trademark Early in 1993 Excel became the target of a trademark lawsuit by another company already selling a software lawsuit by another company already selling a software package named "Excel" in the package named "Excel" in the finance industry.

Excel became the first spreadsheet to allow the user to Excel became the first spreadsheet to allow the user to define the appearance of spreadsheets define the appearance of spreadsheets 

Since 1993 Excel has included Since 1993 Excel has included Visual Basic for Applications (VBA), a programming language based on  (VBA), a programming language based on Visual Basic which adds the ability to automate tasks in Excel and to  which adds the ability to automate tasks in Excel and to provide user-defined functions (UDF) for use in provide user-defined functions (UDF) for use in worksheets. worksheets.

Excel 5.0

Versions 5.0 to 9.0 of Excel contain Versions 5.0 to 9.0 of Excel contain various various Easter eggseggs (an intentional  (an intentional hidden message in message in joke or feature in  or feature in a work such as a a work such as a computer program, , web page, , video game, , movie, , book or  or crossword) , although since version ) , although since version 10 10 Microsoft has taken measures to  has taken measures to eliminate such undocumented eliminate such undocumented features from their products .features from their products .

Excel 2000

For many users, one of the most obvious changes introduced with Excel 2000 (and the rest of the Office 2000 suite) involved a clipboard that could hold multiple objects at once. In another noticeable change the Office Assistant, whose frequent unsolicited appearance in Excel 97 had annoyed many users, became less intrusive.

Excel 2007

The most obvious change is a completely The most obvious change is a completely revamped user interface called the revamped user interface called the Ribbon menu system, which means a user must  menu system, which means a user must abandon most habits acquired from previous abandon most habits acquired from previous versions. Some practical advantages of the new versions. Some practical advantages of the new system are greatly improved management of system are greatly improved management of named variables through the Name Manager, named variables through the Name Manager, and much improved flexibility in formatting and much improved flexibility in formatting graphs, which now allow (x, y) coordinate graphs, which now allow (x, y) coordinate labeling and lines of arbitrary weight. The labeling and lines of arbitrary weight. The number of rows is now 1,048,576 and columns number of rows is now 1,048,576 and columns is 16,384. Several improvements to pivot is 16,384. Several improvements to pivot tables were introduced. tables were introduced. Office Open XML file  file formats were introduced, including .xlsm for a formats were introduced, including .xlsm for a workbook with macros and .xlsx for a workbook workbook with macros and .xlsx for a workbook without macros. without macros.

Excel 2007

Excel 2010The changes in Excel 2010 are listed below

Access the right tools, at the right time

Improved ribbon Microsoft Office Backstage view Workbook management tools

Make fast, effective comparisons from lists of data

Sparklines Improved PivotTables Slicers Improved conditional formatting

Obtain powerful analysis from your desktop

Power Pivot for Excel add-in Improved Solver add-in Improved function accuracy Improved filter capabilities 64-bit Excel Performance enhancements

Access workbooks in new ways Microsoft Excel Web Applications Excel Mobile 2010 for Windows Phon

e 7 Create workbooks with more visual i

mpact Improved charting Support for equations More themes Paste with live preview Improved picture-editing tools

Collaborate on workbooks in new ways

Co-authoring workbooks Improved Excel Services Accessibility Checker Improved language tools

Extend workbooks in new ways Improved programmability features Support for high-performance compu

ting

Excel 2010

Versions of Microsoft excel.In Microsoft windows. 1987 Excel 2.0 for Windows 1990 Excel 3.0 1992 Excel 4.0 1993 Excel 5.0 (Office 4.2 & 4.3, also a 32-bit version for 

Windows NT only on the x86, PowerPC, Alpha, and MIPS architectures)

1995 Excel for Windows 95 (version 7.0) included in Office 95 1997 Excel 97 (version 8.0) included in Office 97 (for x86 and

Alpha). This version of Excel includes a flight simulator as an Easter Egg.

1999 Excel 2000 (version 9.0) included in Office 2000 2001 Excel 2002 (version 10) included in Office XP 2003 Office Excel 2003 (version 11) included in Office 2003 2007 Office Excel 2007 (version 12) included in Office 2007 2010 Excel 2010 (version 14) included in Office 2010

Versions of Microsoft Versions of Microsoft excel.excel. In Apple Macintosh 1985 Excel 1.0 1988 Excel 1.5 1989 Excel 2.2 1990 Excel 3.0 1992 Excel 4.0 1993 Excel 5.0 (part of Office 4.X—Motorola 68000

version and first PowerPC version) 1998 Excel 8.0 (part of Office 98) 2000 Excel 9.0 (part of Office 2001) 2001 Excel 10.0 (part of Office v. X) 2004 Excel 11.0 (part of Office 2004) 2008 Excel 12.0 (part of Office 2008) 2011 Excel 14.0 (part of Office 2011)

Versions of Microsoft Versions of Microsoft excel.excel. OS/2

1989 Excel 2.2 1990 Excel 2.3 1991 Excel 3.0 Versions of Excel up to 7.0 had a

limitation in the size of their data sets of 16K (2^14=16384) rows. Versions 8.0 through 11.0 could handle 64K (2^16=65536) rows and 256 columns (2^8 as label 'IV'). Version 12.0 can handle 1M (2^20=1048576) rows, and 16384 (2^14 as label 'XFD') columns.

OPENING MICROSOFT OPENING MICROSOFT EXCELEXCEL

CLICK ON START CLICK ON START BUTTON.BUTTON.

CLICK ON CLICK ON PROGRAMS.PROGRAMS.

CLICK ON CLICK ON MICROSOFT MICROSOFT EXCEL.EXCEL.

MICROSOFT EXCEL

IDENTIFY EXCEL COMPONENTS

Descriptions of Excel Descriptions of Excel componentscomponents

Navigate within Navigate within worksheetsworksheets

To navigate within a workbook, you use the arrow keys, Page Up, Page Down, or the Ctrl key in combination with the arrow keys to make larger movements.

The most direct means of navigation is with your mouse.

Scroll bars are provided and work as they do in all Windows applications.

Navigation keystrokes

NAVIGATION THROUGH A NAVIGATION THROUGH A WORKSHEETWORKSHEET

The Active CellThe Active Cell

Developing a Developing a WorksheetWorksheet Determine the worksheet’s purpose. Enter the data and formulas. Test the worksheet and make any

necessary edits / corrections. Document the worksheet and

improve appearance. Save and print the complete

worksheet.

Entering Data into a Entering Data into a WorksheetWorksheet

To enter data, first make the cell in which you want to enter the data active by clicking it.

Enter the data (text, formulas, dates, etc.) into the active cell.

Use the Alt+Enter key combination to enter text on multiple lines within the same cell.

Use TAB key, arrow keys, or ENTER key to navigate among the cells.

Entering Data into a Entering Data into a WorksheetWorksheet

Entering FormulasEntering Formulas A formula is a mathematical A formula is a mathematical

expression that calculates a value.expression that calculates a value. In Excel, formulas always begin In Excel, formulas always begin

with an equal sign (=).with an equal sign (=). A formula can consist of one or A formula can consist of one or

more arithmetic operators.more arithmetic operators. The order of precedence is a set of The order of precedence is a set of

predefined rules that Excel follows predefined rules that Excel follows to calculate a formula.to calculate a formula.

Arithmetic Operators

Order of Precedence Rules

Resize worksheet rows and Resize worksheet rows and columnscolumns

There are a number of methods for altering row height and column width using the mouse or menus:

Click the dividing line on the column or row, and drag the dividing line to change the width of the column or height of the row

Double-click the border of a column heading, and the column will increase in width to match the length of the longest entry in the column

Widths are expressed either in terms of the number of characters or the number of screen pixels.

Resize a columnResize a column

Identify cell rangesIdentify cell ranges A group of worksheet cells is known as a cell

range, or range. Working with ranges in a worksheet makes

working with the data easier. Ranges can be adjacent or nonadjacent.

An adjacent range is a single, rectangular block of cells Select an adjacent range by clicking on a cell and

dragging to an opposite corner of a rectangle of cells A nonadjacent range is comprised of two or more

adjacent ranges that are not contiguous to each other To select a nonadjacent range, begin by selecting an

adjacent range, then press and hold down the Ctrl key as you select other adjacent ranges

Select and move Select and move worksheet cellsworksheet cells To select a large area of cells, select the first

cell in the range, press and hold the Shift key, and then click the last cell in the range.

Once you have selected a range of cells, you may move the cells within the worksheet by clicking and dragging the selection from its current location to its new one.

By pressing and holding the Ctrl key as you drag, Excel will leave the original selection in its place and paste a copy of the selection in the new location.

To move between workbooks, use the Alt key while dragging the selection.

Adjacent and nonadjacent Adjacent and nonadjacent rangesranges

Range selection Range selection techniquestechniques

Moving selected cell Moving selected cell rangesranges

Insert worksheet rows and Insert worksheet rows and columnscolumns

You can insert one or many additional You can insert one or many additional rows or columns within a worksheet with rows or columns within a worksheet with just a few steps using the mouse or menu just a few steps using the mouse or menu options.options.

You can insert individual cells within a You can insert individual cells within a row or column and then choose how to row or column and then choose how to displace the existing cells.displace the existing cells.

You can click the Insert menu and then You can click the Insert menu and then select row or column, or right click on a select row or column, or right click on a row or column heading or a selection of row or column heading or a selection of cells and then choose Insert from the cells and then choose Insert from the shortcut menu. shortcut menu.

Delete worksheet rows and Delete worksheet rows and columnscolumns

To delete and clear cells, rows, or To delete and clear cells, rows, or columns, you can use the Edit menu, or columns, you can use the Edit menu, or right click on a heading or a selection right click on a heading or a selection of cells and choose Delete from the of cells and choose Delete from the shortcut menu.shortcut menu.

Clearing, as opposed to deleting, does Clearing, as opposed to deleting, does not alter the structure of the worksheet not alter the structure of the worksheet or shift uncleared data cells. or shift uncleared data cells.

What can be confusing about this What can be confusing about this process is that you can use the Delete process is that you can use the Delete key to clear cells, but it does not key to clear cells, but it does not remove them from the worksheet as you remove them from the worksheet as you might expect.might expect.

The Insert dialog boxThe Insert dialog box

Use the Undo and Redo Use the Undo and Redo featuresfeatures

Editing is an intrinsic task in any Editing is an intrinsic task in any document, and especially useful are the document, and especially useful are the Undo and Redo actions. Undo and Redo actions.

The Undo feature allows you to The Undo feature allows you to sequentially back up to a certain action, sequentially back up to a certain action, such as a delete, a move, an entry, etc. such as a delete, a move, an entry, etc. and allows you to reverse those actions. and allows you to reverse those actions.

Redo allows you to reapply actions one Redo allows you to reapply actions one step at a time that you have previously step at a time that you have previously undoneundone

Insert, move, and rename Insert, move, and rename worksheetsworksheets Worksheets are much like pages within a Worksheets are much like pages within a

book; you peruse through them like you flip book; you peruse through them like you flip the pages of a book. the pages of a book.

There are several ways to move, copy and There are several ways to move, copy and work with worksheets.work with worksheets.

Right click on the sheet tab and choose Right click on the sheet tab and choose Move or Copy. Select a new position in the Move or Copy. Select a new position in the workbook for the worksheet or click the workbook for the worksheet or click the Create a copy checkbox and Excel will paste Create a copy checkbox and Excel will paste a copy of that worksheet in the workbook. a copy of that worksheet in the workbook.

The same shortcut menu for the sheet tab The same shortcut menu for the sheet tab also gives you the option to insert, delete or also gives you the option to insert, delete or rename a worksheet.rename a worksheet.

Print a workbookPrint a workbook To Print a worksheet, you can use:To Print a worksheet, you can use:

A menuA menu The Print button on the standard The Print button on the standard

toolbartoolbar The Ctrl-P keystroke to initiate a The Ctrl-P keystroke to initiate a

printout of the worksheetprintout of the worksheet Excel uses the same basic methods Excel uses the same basic methods

for printing as other Windows and for printing as other Windows and Microsoft Office applications.Microsoft Office applications.

The Print dialog boxThe Print dialog box

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

BIBLIOGRAPHY

……………….THANK .THANK YOU.YOU.