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Italy: Dictatorships and the Second World War, 1919-1945
Pages 886-920
Lecture 1-Conservative Authoritarianism and Radical
Totalitarian Dictatorships• Fascist Governments
Conservative Authoritarianism and Radical Totalitarian Dictatorships
• Totalitarianism
Communism and Fascism
• Race and Eugenics
Unified?
• Ummmmm….no
• Unemployment and inflation high
• Radical workers and peasants seized and occupied factories
• Citizens still tied to local areas
Benito Mussolini
• 1882-1945
• Who was he?!?
• Radical combination of nationalism and socialism
• 1920 – followed fascism to gain support
• Led the Red Shirts
Mussolini and Fascism in Italy
• The Seizure of Power
Mussolini and Fascism in Italy
• The Matteotti Murder and its Aftermath
1922• Victor Emanuel III appointed Mussolini Prime
Minister• Majority control of Parliament• Gov’t ruled by decree• Abolished freedom of press• Disbanded labor unions• Took control of public education• Worked with elite who controlled the army,
economy, state
Mussolini and Fascism in Italy
• The Lateran Agreement (1929)
Mussolini and Fascism in Italy
• Strong use of Propaganda
• Anti-Jewish laws
The Spanish Civil War: 1936 - 1939
The Spanish Civil War: 1936 - 1939
Francisco Franco
The Spanish Civil War:A Dress Rehearsal for WW II?
The Spanish Civil War:A Dress Rehearsal for WW II?
Italian troops in Madrid
“Guernica” by Pablo Picasso
“Guernica” by Pablo Picasso