IT e-Magazine

Issue 5, March 2015

The growth of Information Technology has been phenomenal since the middle of the 21 century. It has

affected all aspects of life in one way or another. So the objective of this magazine, which released by the

department of Information Technology – Lebanese French University (LFU), is to disseminate information on

the application of IT and to be a platform for discussing its benefits and its impact on society.

We welcome articles that cover and analyze the benefits and impacts of IT applications on the society and

which elaborate on their implementation issues. The criteria for selecting articles for the magazine include: the

subject area of the article; new ideas about applications and implementation techniques; how well the

information is presented; level of interest to other readers; and, the importance to the IT community. All articles

will be subject to a reviewing procedure.

Hopefully, contributions to this magazine will 'enhance readability for the general IT reader' and 'help direct

society towards a more beneficial use of IT'.

Editorial Committee

item @ lfu-erbil . net

1975, Microsoft ® was began as a software company

by 'Bill Gates' and 'Paul Allen' in Albuquerque.

The current best-selling products for Microsoft are the

Microsoft Windows operating system, Microsoft Office

suite of productivity software, Xbox a line of

entertainment of games, music and video and Bing, a

line of search engine.

The name "Microsoft" is a portmanteau of words

microcomputer and software.

Million+ Apps

To date, Over 1300000 apps

officially available on the

Google Play Store

Facebook’s First User

The first user at the Facebook was Mark Zuckerberg.

Facebook’s first user actually holds the user ID number

four (the first three accounts having been blocked off

for testing).

Within twenty-four

hours, Facebook has

more than hundred and

fifteen hundred

registrants. You can

check the other first

facebook's users by

replace # with a number in the following address

(www.facebook.com/#).

People who changed the Internet

Father of the Web

The Father of Web (WWW) 'Tim Berners-Lee' invented the World Wide Web. He wrote the first web

client and server and designed a way to create links, or hypertext, amid different pieces of online

information.

He now maintains standards for the web and continues to refine its design as a director of the W3C.

ITeM Website: http://www.lfu-erbil.net/item

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INSIDE THIS ISSUE

Mazin S Al-

Hakeem

Page 4

Academic Plagiarism

The issue of plagiarism is becoming more and more prevalent, and some fields,

particularly in academia. Plagiarism is the "wrongful appropriation" of an ideas,

thoughts, expressions or works from another author(s) and represent it as one's own

original work. In simply it’s a "stealing and publication". Plagiarism “is not a crime per

se”, but the plagiarism by students, reporters, professors, or researchers “is considered

academic dishonesty and serious ethical offense”, and it is a subject to sanctions (for

examples: penalties, suspension, and even expulsion).

Who can read this article: Researcher, Reporter, Educators and Students

Ahmed

Abduladheem

Abdulwahid

Page 5

Drupal Content Management System

Drupal is one of the most popular Content Management Systems (CMS) these days. It is

an open source Content Management System, and it is free. Drupal system is used for

several kinds of purpose of contents, and it presents a service for the people and the

companies to publish, organize, and manage their work without higher knowledge of

the programming (Douglass, Little, & Smith, 2006).

Who can read this article: Web Designers, Web Developers, & CS lecturers

Harith Abdullah

Page 6

E-learning, Online Learning and Distance Learning: Are they the same?

E-learning, Web-based learning, online learning, and distance learning are widely used

as interchangeable terms. However, these terms represent concepts with subtle, yet

consequential differences. In this article, we reveal the differences, review the meanings

of these terms, and suggest definitions.

Who can read this article: Educational and Training Communities

Mohammad

Salim

Page 7

Ethical Hackers

Undoubtedly, since you know about hackers, you also want to know about ethical

hackers. For making you aware of ethical hacking concept, this article will answer three

important questions, "who is an ethical hacker?", "what the importance of ethical

hacking is?", and finally "how to become an ethical hacker?".

Who can read this article: IT Lecturers, IT Students and anyone interested in IT field

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I T e M | I s s u e 5 , M a r c h – 2 0 1 5

Yahya Tariq

Hussaen

Page 9

NFC and its Applications

Near Field Communication (NFC) system is designed from the collaboration of many

technologies like wireless communications, mobile devices, mobile applications, and

smart card technology and cloud services. NFC is a short-range wireless connectivity

standard that uses magnetic field induction to enable smartphones and other devices

to establish radio communication with each other when they're touched together, or

bringing them into proximity, typically a distance of 4 cm or less. Based on RFID

technology, NFC provides a medium for the identification protocols that validate secure

data transfer. Developed by Philips and Sony.

Who can read this article: General Smartphone Users

Ihsan Sayyid

Salman

Page 10

OneNote in Education: An Effective Way to Enhance Approaches of Teaching

and Learning in Classroom

Last year, Microsoft Company has been developed a new powerful teaching and

learning tool which known as OneNote Class Notebook Creator. It can be defined as a

digital platform that enable educators to build electronic classroom through creating

notebooks to share their training materials effectively with the rest of their classmates.

Additionally, it helps teachers to monitor interaction of each student through using

various activities in the class such as sharing digital handouts, take notes easily and fast

synchronisation on pages. This essay will highlight the ways and benefits of using

OneNote in education.

Who can read this article: IT, Educational

Ali Rabee

Page 12

Port Channel Technology: Advantages and Uses

A trunk is a physical path or link in a communications system that is designed to handle

many transmissions simultaneously and that interconnects major switching centers or

nodes. Depending on the system, a trunk may carry transmissions in analog or digital

form. Transmission content may include voice (as in the conventional telephone

system), text, computer programs, images, and video or control signals.

Who can read this article: Network Administrator , IT

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Academic Plagiarism

Mazin S. Al-Hakeem (Ph.D)

Department of Information Technology, Lebanese French University - Erbil

dr.mazin@lfu-erbil.net

Introduction

The issue of plagiarism is becoming more

and more prevalent, and some fields,

particularly in academia.

Plagiarism is the "wrongful appropriation"

of an ideas, thoughts, expressions or

works from another author(s) and

represent it as one's own original work. In

simply it’s a "stealing and publication".

Plagiarism “is not a crime per se”, but the

plagiarism by students, reporters,

professors, or researchers “is considered

academic dishonesty and serious ethical

offense”, and it is a subject to sanctions

(for examples: penalties, suspension, and

even expulsion).

"The use of ideas, concepts, words, or

structures without include quotations or

appropriately acknowledging or citation

to the sources or the references

unintentionally" is also plagiarism.

“One form of academic plagiarism involves

appropriating a published article and

modifying it slightly to avoid suspicion”.

Preventing Plagiarism

In academia, we have to come up with

original ideas and at the same time

making reference to other works.

If change some of what an author said

("restatement in own words of someone

else's ideas"), do we still have to cite that

author?

The confusion about the answers to these

questions often leads to plagiarism.

And actually, the other sources support

own ideas.

“Not all sources are worth citing-- in fact, many of them are just plain wrong”.

Plagiarism Detection

Lots of people have impressions about

detection tools like (Turnitin, writecheck,

etc.). Unfortunately, many of these

impressions are based on

misconceptions, because they are not

for plagiarism detector?

These tools does not detect plagiarism

per se; It is a first step to plagiarism

detection … The originality reports of

these tools are simply tools to help us to

find sources that contain similar to base

on them databases. The originality report

do not reflect the assessment of whether

a work has or has not been plagiarized.

It is important to realize that the similarity

is not a plagiarism – there is no score that

is inherently "good” or "bad”. So, the

important next step for plagiarism

detection is depth examination of both

the work and suspect sources in

accordance with the standards of the

university or institute.

Conclusion

If we make the effort to not plagiarize, we

will be safe, we’ll learn more, and we will

be following the ethical path.

References

1. Bela Gipp, Citation-based Plagiarism

Detection: Detecting Disguised and

Cross-language Plagiarism using

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Citation Pattern Analysis, Springer,

ISBN 978-3-658-06393-1, 2014.

2. en.writecheck.com .

3. Oxford English Dictionary.

4. www.turnitin.com .

5. www.ithenticate.com .

6. www.plagiarism.org

Drupal Content Management System

Ahmed Abduladheem Abdulwahid (MSc)

Department of Computer Science, University of Central Missouri – USA

ahmed_z_1987@yahoo.com

Introduction

Drupal is one of the most popular

Content Management Systems (CMS)

these days. It is an open source Content

Management System, and it is free.

Drupal system is used for several kinds of

purpose of contents, and it presents a

service for the people and the

companies to publish, organize, and

manage their work without higher

knowledge of the programming

(Douglass, Little, & Smith, 2006).

Moreover, the concept of Drupal is a

deeper concept than simply software.

Drupal is a content management system

that has great features that allow for

each developer or programmer to use it

with less time, money, and effort (Byron,

& Berry, 2012).

The Reasons for Choosing Drupal

There are several reasons that make the

developer choose Drupal system:

Drupal can operate with ease or

complex websites with a variety of

contents .

It works with a variety of operating

system such as Windows، Linux، and

Mac (Quadri, 2011).

Drupal has a big community that

provides some important services

such as the security and testing

documentation for the system, as well

as support for different kinds of

languages (Patel, Rathod, & Parikh,

2011).

It has a huge number of themes and

modules that allow any developer to

feel very comfortable choosing an

appropriate theme or module.

According to the official website of

Drupal: https://drupal.org/, there are

more than 26,359 modules and 1,978

themes.

The ability of updating the content

with Drupal system is very flexible,

easy, and reliable .

The Drupal System Requirements

Drupal content management system

contains four parts: language, database,

webserver, and operating system

(Quadri, 2011) as shown in the next

Figure.

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References

1. Douglass, R. T., Little, M., & Smith, J. W.

(2006). Building online communities

with Drupal ,phpBB, and WordPress.

Apress.

2. Byron, A., Berry, A., Haug, N., Eaton, J.,

Walker, J., & Robbins, J. (2012).Using

Drupal .‘O’Reilly Media, Inc.

3. Quadri, S. A. (2011). Developing,

Managing and Maintaining Web

Applications with Content

Management Systems: Drupal and

Joomla as case study.

4. Patel, S. K., Rathod, V. R., & Parikh, S.

(2011, December). Joomla, Drupal

and WordPress-a statistical

comparison of open source CMS. In

Trends in Information Sciences and

Computing (TISC), 2011 3rd

International Conference on (pp.

182-187). IEEE.

E-learning, Online Learning and Distance Learning:

Are they the same?

Harith A. Hussein (MSc)

Department of Information Technology, Lebanese French University - Erbil

harith_abd1981@lfu-erbil.net

Introduction

E-learning, Web-based learning, online

learning, and distance learning are

widely used as interchangeable terms.

However, these terms represent

concepts with subtle, yet consequential

differences. In this article, we reveal the

differences, review the meanings of

these terms, and suggest definitions. [1]

A clear understanding of these concepts

and their fundamental differences is

important for both the educational and

training communities. A thorough

familiarity with each concept and its

distinctive characteristics is a critical

factor in establishing adequate

specifications, evaluating alternative

options, selecting best solutions, and

enabling and promoting effective

learning practices. [2]

Definitions of terms

E-learning is mostly associated with

activities involving computers and

interactive networks simultaneously. The

computer does not need to be the

central element of the activity or provide

learning content. However, the

computer and the network must hold a

significant involvement in the learning

activity. To apply e-learning normally, we

use Learning Management System (LMS)

for distributing online or blended/hybrid

college courses over the Internet with

features for online collaboration.

Learning management system (LMS) is

a software application for the

administration, documentation, tracking,

reporting and delivery of

electronic educational technology education

courses or training programs. The most

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popular used software's are moodel as

an open-source system and Blackbord as

commercial product. [3]

Online learning is associated with

content readily accessible on a

computer. The content may be on the

Web or the Internet, or simply installed on

a CD-ROM or the computer hard disk.[2]

Distance learning involves interaction at

a distance between instructor and

learners, and enables timely instructor

reaction to learners. Simply posting or

broadcasting learning materials to

learners is not distance learning.

Instructors must be involved in receiving

feedback from learners.[1]

Though e-learning, Web-based learning,

and distance learning are all related to

each other, they have significant

differences. Failing to recognize the fine

differences between these concepts

limits the pace of development of

expertise, precludes precise

communication with team members and

stakeholders, and often reflects a poor

understanding of available alternative

solutions.

References

1. Joi L. Moore a., Camille Dickson-

Deane b. and Krista, G. (2011), e-

Learning, online learning, and

distance learning environments.

2. Susanna, T. and Paulo. (2013) E-

learning, Online Learning, Web-

based Learning, or Distance

Learning.

3. Ellis, Ryann K. (2009), Field Guide to

Learning Management Systems, ASTD

Learning Circuits

Ethical Hackers

Mohammad Salim Abdulrahman (MSc)

Department of Information Technology, Lebanese French University - Erbil

mohammads@lfu-erbil.net

Introduction

Undoubtedly, since you know about

hackers, you also want to know about

ethical hackers. For making you aware of

ethical hacking concept, this article will

answer three important questions, "who is

an ethical hacker?", "what the

importance of ethical hacking is?", and

finally "how to become an ethical

hacker?".

Ethical Hacker

An ethical hacker is a professional person

in computers and networks who run

many attacks on a network system with

the knowledge of its owners, looking for

vulnerabilities that a criminal hacker

might use to check a network security

system; ethical hackers practice similar

techniques to that used by criminal

hackers, but report weaknesses instead

of misuse them. Ethical hacking

expressed by different terms such as

penetration attack, intrusion testing,

penetration testing and red teaming [1].

In a simple word, ethical hacker works as

good people who "hack a system to

discover vulnerabilities for the purpose of

protecting computers against illicit entry,

abuse, and misuse [2].

Importance of Ethical Hacking

Ethical hacking considered as useful

because of the following reasons [3] :

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Protection from any potential

outsiders attacks such as social

engineering, automated attacks,

organizational attacks, unplanned

gaps in security, Trojan horses, viruses,

and worms and Denial of Service.

Testing of networks

Supports both of saving money and

reputation in the end

To preserve information assets.

Ethical Hacking method includes several

phases: preparations, foot printing,

enumeration and finger printing,

identification of vulnerabilities, and

attack-exploit the gaps. These processes

will presented in issue 5 of IT e-Magazine.

Become an Ethical Hacker

Ethical hackers should stay a step in

advance of bad hackers; they must be

networks systems specialists and very

familiar with computer networking,

programming, and operating systems.

Comprehensive awareness regarding

most under attack systems such as

Windows, Unix, and Linux is considered as

necessity. “Patience, persistence, and

immense perseverance are important

qualities for ethical hackers because of

the length of time and level of

concentration required for most attacks

to pay off. Networking, web

programming, and database skills are all

useful in performing ethical hacking and

vulnerability testing” [4].

According to [5] , to start your steps and

become as an ethical hacker this relies

on your current location in the field of IT.

As a beginner, you must begin with the

fundamentals: get your A+ Certification

then become in a tech support position.

After getting experience and more

certifications (Network+ or CCNA), go up

to a network support or admin role

positions, then move to network engineer

after a few years. Afterward, spend part

of your time in getting additional security

qualifications (Security+, CISSP, or TICSA)

then look for a computer security

position. Whereas you are there, make

your focus on penetration testing to

acquire some of the necessary

experience with the tools of the trade. At

that time, try to get the Certified Ethical

Hacker (CEH) certificate, which given by

the International Council of Electronic

Commerce Consultants (EC-Council).

After done of the previous

accomplishments, you will probably be

able to find your job and working an

ethical hacker.

For a hacker, networking knowledge is

crucial; however, ensure that you get

experience in related areas also. Learn

and engage with Unix/Linux commands.

Take care of learning some programming

languages such as C, LISP, Perl, or Java.

In addition, try to learn databases such as

SQL.

References

[1] A. A. Farsole, A. G. Kashikar and a. A.

Zunzunwala, "Ethical Hacking,"

International Journal of Computer

Applications, vol. 1, no. 10, pp. 14-20,

2010.

[2] K. Beaver, Hacking for Dummies.,

Wiley, 2004.

[3] P. Sheoran and S. Singh,

"Applications of Ethical Hacking,"

International Journal of Enhanced

Research in Science Technology &

Engineering, vol. 3, no. 5, pp. 112-

114, 2014.

[4] K. Graves, Official Certified Ethical

Hacker Review Guide: Exam, John

Wiley & Sons, 2007.

[5] E. Geier, "How to Become an Ethical

Hacker," PCWorld, 2012.

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Near Field Communication NFC and its Applications

Yahya Tareq Hussein (PhD)

Department of Information Technology, Lebanese French University - Erbil

dr.yahya@lfu-erbil.net

Introduction

Near Field Communication (NFC) system

is designed from the collaboration of

many technologies like wireless

communications, mobile devices, mobile

applications, and smart card technology

and cloud services. NFC is a short-range

wireless connectivity standard that uses

magnetic field induction to enable

smartphones and other devices to

establish radio communication with each

other when they're touched together, or

bringing them into proximity, typically a

distance of 4 cm or less. Based on RFID

technology, NFC provides a medium for

the identification protocols that validate

secure data transfer. Developed by

Philips and Sony.

How it works

NFC allows for a simple data exchange

between two devices by a way of

physical touch. NFC requires an initiator

and a target, the initiator produces a

radio frequency (RF) field within a range

of 4cm. The target picks up the RF field

and receives the data it contains.

NFC can operate in three modes

The reader/writer mode enables NFC

enabled devices to exchange data

with NFC tags.

The Peer-to-Peer mode enables two

NFC enabled mobile devices to

exchange data.

The card emulation mode, the NFC

enabled mobile device acts as a

smart card or contactless card.

There are three smart devices use NFC

technology

NFC Tags

NFC tags are a small device which is

cheap and require no power. They can

store up to 4KB of data which can be

read by active NFC devices. They share

information interactively, similar to QR

code.

NFC in Mobile Device

The smartphone are able to make

payment transfer data between tow

phones. Credit card, bus pass and train

ticket have gone digital. All will be

accessible through your phone. Google

Wallet released in 2011, it was NFC's

biggest push, allowing Android users to

pay using NFC technology. Apple Pay

released in October 2014, allowing

iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus users to pay

using NFC at participating retailers.

NFC Reader

This is capable of transferring data to

another component. The example for this

is contactless point of sale (POS) terminal.

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Applications of NFC

Mobile and contactless payment: Make

payment using NFC credit card or use

smart phone. To do so, just touch your

card or phone on the reader at the

checkout.

Advertising: Get all the information you

need by tapping on advertising board.

File sharing: User can share contact

details or sending file using NFC.

Device pairing: User is able to pair with

the device just by touching them.

Conclusion

Many services today like ticketing,

payment, tracking and etc. can be

performed by the NFC enabled mobile

phones. NFC can be well adapted for all

kinds of situations ranging from bank

cards to transit passes, movie passes,

reward systems and even keys. NFC will

also impact a wide spectrum of

enterprises like transportation,

healthcare, telecom and etc.

References

1. Durga Priya, E.Ramakotaiah, a Short

Range Wireless Communication

Using Android NFC API, (IOSR-JCE),

Issue 2, Ver. V (Mar-Apr. 2014).

2. Jamie Carter, Cameron Faulkner,

What is NFC and why is it in your

phone? Available at:

http://www.techradar.com/news/ph

one-and-communications/what-is-

nfc-and-why-is-it-in-your-phone-

948410 (Accessed: November 20,

2014).

3. Technology Reporter: What Is NFC,

and Why Does It Matter for the iPhone

6?. Available at:

https://www.yahoo.com/tech/what-

is-nfc-and-why-does-it-matter-for-

the-iphone-6-96456683964.html.

(Accessed: September 3, 2014).

OneNote in Education: An Effective Way to Enhance Approaches

of Teaching and Learning in Classroom

Ihsan Sayyid Salman

Department of Computer Science and Digital Technologies,

Northumbria University, Newcastle – UK

ihsan.rukaibawi@northumbria.ac.uk

Introduction

Last year, Microsoft Company has been

developed a new powerful teaching

and learning tool which known as

OneNote Class Notebook Creator. It can

be defined as a digital platform that

enable educators to build electronic

classroom through creating notebooks to

share their training materials effectively

with the rest of their classmates.

Additionally, it helps teachers to monitor

interaction of each student through using

various activities in the class such as

sharing digital handouts, take notes

easily and fast synchronisation on pages.

This essay will highlight the ways and

benefits of using OneNote in education.

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The ways of using OneNote in education

OneNote Class Notebook Creator is a

flexible framework that includes three

sections as shown in a below figure. The

first one is student notebooks that allow

educators for creating private student

notebooks.

The second one is content library which

helps educators to upload or updated

their course materials and deliver them to

the learners and the last one is

collaboration space which enables both

educators and learners to organize,

share and collaborate in one place.

The benefits of using OneNote in

Education

OneNote is a convenient way for

studying and learning on any device

anywhere at any time.

OneNote is an interactive way for

accessing to a digital repository of

knowledge and information such as

academic materials, libraries and

assignments or exams.

OneNote is a collaborative way for

encouraging students to study and

work as group.

OneNote helps students to edits their

notes together in real time wherever

they are in the same class or in

different place.

OneNote enable both students and

teachers to exchange their

feedback automatically in one place

virtually anytime, anywhere.

Conclusion

In conclusion, OneNote Class Notebook

Creator is becoming one of powerful

tools for helping teachers or students to

enhance their traditional approaches of

teaching or learning in terms of flexibility

to use on any devices, observe the

engagement of students and

collaborate creatively with each other.

References

Moxon, S. (2014) OneNote Class

Notebook Creator: Making

Collaboration between Students and

Teachers Easy. Available at:

http://blogs.technet.com/b/nzedu/archive

/2014/10/16/onenote-class-notebook-

creator-available-today.aspx

(Accessed: 07 March 2015).

Frank, B. H. (2014) New OneNote Tool

lets Teachers Manage Microsoft's

Note Taking Software in the

Classroom. Available at:

http://www.geekwire.com/2014/new-

onenote-tool-lets-teachers-manage-

microsofts-note-taking-software-

classroom/ (Accessed: 07 March

2015).

OneNote (2014) Introduction

OneNote Class Notebooks: A Flexible

Digital Framework for Teaching and

Learning. Available at:

http://blogs.office.com/2014/10/07/introd

ucing-onenote-class-notebooks-flexible-

digital-framework-teaching-learning/

(Accessed: 07 March 2015).

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Port Channel Technology: Advantages and Uses

Ali R. Hashim (MSc)

Department of Information Technology, Lebanese French University - Erbil

alirh@lfu-erbil.net

Introduction

A trunk is a physical path or link in a

communications system that is designed

to handle many transmissions

simultaneously and that interconnects

major switching centers or nodes.

Depending on the system, a trunk may

carry transmissions in analog or digital

form. Transmission content may include

voice (as in the conventional telephone

system), text, computer programs,

images, and video or control signals. [1]

Trunk Technology

In Cisco networks, trunking is a special

function that can be assigned to a port,

making that port capable of carrying

traffic for any or all of the virtual LANs

(VLANs) accessible by a particular switch.

Such a port is called a trunk port, in

contrast to an access port, which carries

traffic only to and from the specific VLAN

assigned to it. A trunk port marks frames

with special identifying tags as they pass

between switches, so each frame can be

routed to its intended VLAN. An access

port does not provide such tags,

because the VLAN for it is pre-assigned,

and identifying markers are therefore

unnecessary.[2]

Trunking, also known as VLAN trunking,

enables interconnected ports to transmit

and receive frames in more than one

VLAN, over the same physical link.

Trunking and port channels function as

follows:

Port channels enable several

physical links to be combined into

one aggregated logical link.

Trunking enables a link to carry (trunk)

multiple VLAN traffic.[1]

Ether-Channel (Port­ channel)

Ether-Channel or (port­ channel) is a port

link aggregation technology used

primarily on Cisco switches. It allows

grouping of several physical Ethernet links

to create one logical Ethernet link for the

purpose of providing fault tolerance and

high speed links between switches,

routers and servers. An Ether-Channel

can be Ether-Channel between a switch

and a server. Created from between two

to eight active Fast, Gigabit or 10­Gigabit

Ethernet ports. Ether-Channel is primarily

used in the backbone network, but can

also be used to connect end user

machines. [1]

A port channel performs the following

functions:

Increases the aggregate bandwidth

on a link by distributing traffic among

all functional links in the channel.

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Load balances across multiple links

and maintains optimum bandwidth

usage.

Provides high availability. If one link

fails, traffic previously carried on this

link is switched to the remaining links.

If a link goes down in a port channel,

the upper protocol is not aware of it.

To the upper protocol, the link is still

there, although the bandwidth is

diminished. The MAC address tables

are not affected by link failure.[2]

References

1. The free encyclopedia Wikipedia,

"Ether-Channel"

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EtherCh

annel.

2. Cisco Systems, Inc., Americas

Headquarters, "Cisco Nexus 1000V

Troubleshooting Guide", Release

4.0(4) SV1 (3), October 30, 2010.

Readers of IT e-magazine are invited to submit their articles that are consistent with the

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