Iteraction design

WEB DESIGN NABA 2014 Roberto DADDA 1

WEB DESIGNMater of Arts in Communication Design

Interaction design

Interaction design

WEB DESIGN NABA 2014 Roberto DADDA 2Interaction design


Don Norman

Interaction design


Interaction with word

Interaction design

receptor

affector

mechanism


The seven stages of action (1)

• Forming the Goal• Something to be achieved. Can be stated in a very imprecise

way, e.g., "make a nice meal“

• Forming the Intention• Goals must be transformed into intentions, i.e., specific

statements of what has to be done to satisfy the goal. E.g., "Make a chicken casserole using a can of prepared sauce.“

• Specifying an Action Sequence• What is to be done to the World. The precise sequence of

operators that must be performed to effect the intention. E.g., "Defrost frozen chicken, open can, ...“

• Executing an Action• Actually doing something. Putting the action sequence into

effect on the world. E.g., “actually opening the can”

Interaction design

2

1

3

4

Goal

Execution


The seven stages of action (2)

• Perceiving the State of the World• Perceiving what has actually happened. E.g., “the

experience of smell, taste and look of the the prepared meal”.

• Interpreting the State of the World• Trying to make sense of the perceptions available.

E.g., “Putting those perceptions together to present the sensory experience of a chicken casserole”.

• Evaluating the Outcome• Comparing what happened with what was

wanted. E.g., “did the chicken casserole match up to the requirement of 'a nice meal?”

Interaction design

5

6

7

Evaluation


How do we make things?

Interaction design

Set goa

lForm intention

Specify actions

Execute actions

Get status of word

Understand status

Evaluate outcome

Gulf ofexecution

Gulf ofevaluation



Interaction design

Set goa

lForm intention

Specify actions

Execute actions

Get status of word

Understand status

Evaluate outcome

Gulf ofexecution

Gulf ofevaluation

WHAT SHOULD I

DO?

WHAT IS

HAPPENING?



Interaction design

Set goa

lForm intention

Specify actions

Execute actions

Get status of word

Understand status

Evaluate outcome

Gulf ofexecution

Gulf ofevaluation



Interaction design

Set goa

lForm intention

Specify actions

Execute actions

Get status of word

Understand status

Evaluate outcome

Gulf ofexecution

Gulf ofevaluation

CORRECT

AGAIN


Objective of good design• Help users cross the two gulfs• Without manuals!

Interaction design


When a device as simple as a door has to come with an instruction manual—even a one-word manual—then it is a failure, poorly designed.

Donald Norman

Not always possible, but is a good target!Minimize needs for help!


Help vs manuals• Help is when I get info during the process• Manual is something I’m supposed to read before and it is not context

sensitive

Interaction design



Sony – 65 buttons!


Affordance

Interaction design

An affordance is a property of an object, or an environment, which allows an individual to perform an action. For example, a knob affords twisting, and perhaps pushing, while a cord affords pulling.

Vital instrument to help customer to cross easily the gulf of evaluation.Evaluation makes by feedback analysis easier the execution!




Buttons

Interaction design


More an assistant than a guide

Interaction design

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The ISO Dialogue Principles• ISO9241-10

Interaction design


Suitability for the Task• A dialog supports suitability for the task, if it supports the user in the

effective and efficient completion of the task. The dialog presents the user only those concepts which are related to the user's task.

Interaction design


Self-Descriptiveness• A dialog supports self-descriptiveness, if each dialog step is

immediately comprehensible through feedback from the system or is explained to the user on his or her requesting the relevant information.

Interaction design

Microsoft Word for WindowsT


Controllability• A dialog supports controllability, if the user is able to maintain

direction over the whole course of the interaction until the point at which the goal has been met.

Interaction design


Conformity with User Expectations• A dialog supports conformity with user expectations, if it corresponds

to the user's task knowledge, education, experience, and to commonly held conventions.

Interaction design


Error Tolerance• A dialog supports error tolerance if, despite evident errors in input,

the intended results may be achieved with either no or minimal corrective action having to be taken. Errors should be explained to the user for him or her to correct them.

Interaction design


Suitability for Individualization• A dialog supports suitability for individualization, if the dialog system

is constructed to allow for modification to the user's individual needs and skills for a given task.

Interaction design


Suitability for Learning• A dialog supports suitability for learning, if it guides the user through

the learning stages minimizing the learning time.

Interaction design


Choose the best (1)

Interaction design




Choose the best (2)




“There are no simple answers, only tradeoffs”

Donald A.Norman

WEB DESIGN NABA 2014 Roberto DADDAInteraction design 37

Roberto [email protected]+39 338 775 22 03Twitter, facebook, linkedin: robertodadda

http://www.dadda.it/

mailto:[email protected]

Date post:	16-Apr-2017
Category:	Design
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