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1 March 9, 2007 Robert S. Jaffe, Ph.D. President Consensus Systems Technologies Corp. [email protected] www.consystec.com ITS ARCHITECTURE for South Africa
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March 9, 2007
Robert S. Jaffe, Ph.D.
President Consensus Systems Technologies Corp.
[email protected] www.consystec.com
ITS ARCHITECTURE for South Africa
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What is ITS? l Intelligent Transportation System
Could be: l Integrated Transportation System l One Definition: l “The application of data processing and data communications to surface transportation, to increase safety and efficiency.”
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National ITS Architecture National ITS Architecture National ITS Architecture
Subsystem Diagram Subsystem Diagram
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National ITS Architecture
• Continuing evolution of the architecture over 10 years
National ITS Architecture is National ITS Architecture is a a “ “Living Document Living Document” ”
MCO Update Ver 4.0
1993 19936
1996
1997 1999 2002
User Services
Phase I & II Development
Architecture Published HRI
Update ADUS Update Ver 3.0
1998
Version 2.0
Transportation Security Update Version 5.0
2003
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Regional ITS Architecture Layers
Communications Layer • How information transferred between ITS elements
Communications
Transportation
Institutional Institutional Layer
• Policy, Relationships, Strategies
Transportation Layer • What information is transferred between ITS elements
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Market Packages
Transit Vehicle Transit
Management Market Packages Pieces of the architecture that provide a particular transportation service.
Architecture Framework spanning all of ITS
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Automated Transit Fare Payment
Insert this way. This side up.
TM
Enforcement
Financial Institution
Transit Management
Center
Point of Sale / Kiosk
Transit Vehicle
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Enforcement Agency
Automated Transit Fare Payment Market Package
Financial Institution
Traveler Card
violation notification payment
request
fare and payment status
payment
request for payment
request for payment
transaction status
payment
transit fare payment request
bad tag list
transit fare payment responses
Remote Traveler Support
Transit Vehicle
Transit Management
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ITS Standards Mapping During Architecture Development
NTCIP 1209 – Traffic Sensor Systems TMC ßà Veh Detectors traffic sensor control traffic flow
NTCIP 1205 – CCTV TMC ßà CCTV traffic images video surveillance control
NTCIP 1203 – Dynamic Message Signs TMC ßà DMS roadway information system data roadway information system status
ITS Standard Interface Architecture Flow
Mapping of ITS Architecture Flows to ITS Standards
City of Rio de Janeiro City of Rio Barra TMC
City of Rio de Janeiro City of Rio CCTV
City of Rio de Janeiro City of Rio Vehicle Detectors
City of Rio de Janeiro City of Rio DMS
traffic sensor control traffic flow
traffic images traffic sensor control
traffic flow traffic images
roadway information system data roadway information system status
Existing Planned
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Project Identification from Architecture
State DOT First Division State DOT Traffic Management Center
City Police Agencies City Police Dispatch Centers
State DOT and State Department of ... State Police Dispatch Center
State DOT First Division State DOT TMC Field Equipment
County Traffic Engineering Department County Traffic Operations Center
City Traffic Engineering Department City Traffic Management Center
road network conditions road network conditions
roadway information system data roadway information system status
road network conditions
road network conditions
road network conditions
road network conditions
Existing Planned
Project A
Project C
Project B
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ITS Architecture Relationships
National ITS
Architecture
Regional ITS
Architecture
ITS Standards
Project Architecture
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Using ITS Architecture for Short Term Planning
l Use Regional ITS Architecture for budgeting ITS projects l Define near term projects in more specificity to feed into budgeting processes
l Promote integration projects in region l Establish a process using your Regional ITS Architecture to work with your existing planning process
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Project Life Cycle
Long Range Planning
Long Range Planning
Programming/ Budgeting
Programming/ Budgeting
Operations & Maintenance Operations & Maintenance
Identified Projects
Implementation Implementation
Funded Projects
Monitoring & Evaluation
Implemented Projects
Regional Architecture and ITS Standards Use
=
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Time Line
System Requirements
System Verification & Deployment
Subsystem Verification
Unit / Device Testing
HighLevel Design
Detailed Design
Software / Hardware Development
Field Installation
System Validation Plan
System Verification Plan (System Acceptance)
Subsystem Verification Plan
(Subsystem Acceptance)
Unit / Device Test Plan
Document/Approval
Operations and
Maintenance
Changes and
Upgrades Retirement/ Replacement
System Validation
Regional Architecture(s)
Feasibility Study / Concept Exploration
Concept of Operations
Decomposition and D
efinition Integration and Recom
position
Project Systems Engineering “VEE” Diagram
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What is the Purpose of Systems Engineering?
l It improves the chances of developing a system ontime and onbudget that meets the users’ needs l Reduce Risk
l Control Cost and Schedule
l Satisfy users’ needs
l Improve system quality
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Architecture and Standards Support for ITS Project Design
Concept of Operations
System Requirements
HighLevel Design
Detailed Design
National ITS
Architecture
Regional ITS
Architecture
ITS Standards
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Regional ITS Architecture
l Regional Needs l Stakeholders l Roles and
Responsibilities l ITS Element
Interfaces l ITS Services
traffic operator data
traffic operator inputs
traffic control coordination
traffic control coordination
Traffic Operations Personnel
Other Center Operator
Other Traffic Management
Other Center
Traffic Management
TMC 1
Traffic Operations Personnel
TMC 1 Operator
traffic operator data
traffic operator inputs
Example “Customized” Market Package
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Concept of Operations l Project Needs
l CostBenefit Assessment l Metrics / Measures for System
Validation
l Identification of l Users l Roles and Responsibilities
l Operational Scenarios l Defines how workflow (system and non
system elements) satisfy user needs l Optimization opportunities l More efficient use of resources
l System Overview l Traceable to
l Regional ITS Architecture Elements l User Needs
1
2 traffic operator data
traf fic operator inputs
traffic control coordination
traffic control coordination
Traffic Operations Personnel
Other Center Operator
Other Traffic Management
Other Center
Traffic Management
TMC 1
4
Roadway
TMC 1 DMS
roadway information system data
roadway information system status
Notification of control request in queue
3
Traffic Operations Personnel
TMC 1 Operator
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traffic operator data
traf fic operator inputs
traffic operator data
Other center request for control action.
Example System Overview
Example Operational Scenario
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Concept of Operations
1
2 traffic operator data
traffic operator inputs
traffic control coordination
traffic control coordination
Traffic Operations Personnel
Other Center Operator
Other Traffic Management
Other Center
Traffic Management
TMC 1
4
Roadway
TMC 1 DMS
roadway information system data
roadway information system status
Notification of control request in queue
3
Traffic Operations Personnel
TMC 1 Operator
5
traffic operator data
traffic operator inputs
traffic operator data
Other center request for control action.
Operational scenario shows workflow steps of system and non system elements to satisfy user needs.
Functional details are filled in during requirements gathering phase.
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Use Case and Requirements Development l Use Cases Analysis is
used to define / refine interfaces in operational scenarios. l Traceable to Steps of
the Operational Scenario
l Approach guarantees consistency in detail and completeness. l User Interface Dialogs l System to System
Dialogs l Processing Details
l Requirements written as “shall” statements.
1()
2() traffic operator data
traffic operator inputs
traffic control coordination
traffic control coordination
Traffic Operations Personnel
Other Center Operator
Other Traffic Management
Other Center
Traffic Management
TMC 1
4()
Roadway
TMC 1 DMS
roadway information system data
roadway information system status
Notification of control request in queue
3()
Traffic Operations Personnel
TMC 1 Operator
5()
traffic operator data
traffic control coordination
traffic control coordination
Other center request for control action.
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Use Case and Requirements
Example Use Case and Requirements traceable to Step 2 of the Operational Scenario
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High Level Design l Engineering Alternatives
Analysis l Requirements are partitioned to
system components l Computing Architecture Trade
off is performed: l ClientServer l Web Services
l User Interface Alternatives: l Mobile l Web Browser l Mapbased l Formsbased
l Communications Alternatives l Data Storage / Retrieval
l Data Warehouse l Geographic Information Systems
l Cost Assessment l BuildBuy
User Interface
Use Cases & Requirements
Center Systems
Commu nications
Field Elements
Alternatives Analysis
Data Storage Retrieval
$ $ $ $ $
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High Level Design ITS Communications Analysis Framework
Fiber Plant Level
Coax Twisted Pair Telco Line Wireless
cdma2000 WiFi WiMax
Private Wireless Network
Cellular, PCS SONET
ATM FDDI Ethernet SLIP PPP PMPP
V Series Modem FSK Modem Subnetwork Level
Transport Level
Application Level
TPNULL UDP TCP
IP
DATEX HTTP
XML SOAP GZIP
FTP TFTP SNMP STMP
Dynamic Objects
MIB Data Objects Message Sets
Message Dialogs
Data Dictionary
Files
Information Level
CentertoField CentertoCenter Wide Area Wireless WAVE / DSRC
ASN.1 Objects
WAVE / DSRC
802.11 p
PER OER
Information Level
Application Level
Transport Level
Plant Level
Subnetwork Level
OER
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Example: Wide Area Wireless Communications Packages Wide Area Wireless CP 1 Mobile XML Messaging over Cellular Networks
FCC E.g., Spread Spectrum Radio 800 Mhz (Cellular) / 1900 Mhz (PCS)
Plant Level
Standards of the 3G Wireless Partnership (3GPP2)and TIA (Telecommunications Industry Association).
3GPP2 P.R0001 Wireless IP Architecture Based on IETF
Protocols cdma2000 1xRTT 1xEVDO
Subnetwork Level
IETF RFC 793 (TCP) IETF RFC 791 (IPv4) IETF RFC 2460 (IPv6)
TCP IP
Transport Level
NTCIP 2306 references the following:
IETF RFC 2612 (HTTP) IETF RFC 959 (FTP)
HTTP/ HTTPS
Application Level
NTCIP 2306 Application Profile. References IETF and W3C Standards for XML, SOAP, WSDL, and Gzip.
Gzip, XML Application Level
IEEE 1512.x APTA TCIP TMDD SAE J2354
XML Schema WSDL
Information Level
Standards Technology/Implementation ITS Standards Framework
Vehicles
Centers Travelers
Wide Area Wireless (Mobile) Communications
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Detailed Design Human and Standards Based System Interfaces l Detailed Design Specifications are based on interface dialogs l Human: User Interface
Form l CentertoCenter: WSDL
and XML Schema l CentertoField: MIB
l Test Procedure Development l Dialog Verification l Information Verification
l Traceable to Use Case and Requirements l Document in Requirements
Traceability Matrix (RTM)
Center Other Center
OP_DeviceInventoryUpdateSubscription()
OP_SubscriberDMSInventoryUpdate()
MSG_DeviceArchiveStatusSubscriptionAZTech
MSG_DeviceControlSubscriptionResponseAZTech
MSG_DMSInventoryPublicationAZTech
MSG_DeviceControlSubscriptionResponseAZTech
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Example Specification Development Web Site: www.consystec.com/c2cxml/rtm/rtm.htm.
l Project Documents
l Process Descriptions
l Hyperlinked, Navigable Specifications
l Ease of Review and Comment by Stakeholders
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ITS System Journey from Plan to Deployment
ATMS06 – Traffic Information Dissemination
broadcast advisories
Maintenance and Construction Management
Traffic Operations Personnel
Information Service Provider
Emergency Management
Transit Management
Traffic Management
Roadway
driver information road netwo rk conditions
roadway information system da ta
roadway information system sta tus
M edia
traffic operator inputs
traffic o pera tor data
media information request
road network conditions
road netwo rk conditions
current asset restrictions
road netwo rk conditions TMC T raffic Informati on Dissemination
Roadway T raffic Information
Dissemina tion
Roadway Equipment Coordina tion
Driver Bas ic Vehicl e
Other Ro adway
roadway equipment coordination
News Media
TMC Dynamic Message Signs
Motorist Web Site
Statewide Specification
ITS Project Specification
National ITS Standards
New York State Requirements
Statewide Test Plan Test Plan Test Procedure 1 Test Procedure 2 Test Procedure 3 …
Spec Requirements Req #1 Req #2 Req #3 … St
atew
ide ITS Standards
Specifications Catalog
ITS Project Test Plan
National ITS Architecture
Regional ITS Architecture
Specifications and Test Plans
Implementation
Concept of Operations
Requirements
User Interface
Use Cases & Requirements
Center Systems
Commu nications
Field Elements
Alternatives Analysis
Data Storage Retrieval
$ $ $ $ $
Alternatives Analysis (High Level Design)
1
2
5 4
6
3
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l South Africa to host the 2010 World Cup l Many stakeholders, limited time, limited budget l Up front, achieve consensus agreement on ITS integration
(technical and institutional): l Transport Agencies l Public Safety Agencies l Travelers l Other Stakeholders
l à Accelerate investments l à Proceed with confidence
Mobility + Utility + Security
Motivation
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Proposed Process
Needs Analysis
Gather Data
Define Arch Services
Defining the Architecture
Implementation Plan
Use the Architecture
Maintain the Architecture
Using the Architecture •Long Range Project Planning •Short Range Project Programming/Budgeting •Project Development
Stakeholder Training
Define Projects
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Recommended Steps for South Africa
l Adopt/Adapt the US National ITS Architecture l Engage stakeholders to: l Offer a Training Program l Develop a Consensus based Regional ITS Architecture l Publish and make available the developed Regional ITS
Architecture l Develop a Use Plan for the Regional ITS Architecture and
Train Stakeholders l In parallel: Develop a Policy for Use of the Regional ITS Architecture
l Maintain the Regional ITS Architecture as Requirements Evolve
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Relationships between National/Regional ITS Architectures, Standards and Projects
National ITS
Architecture
Regional ITS
Architecture
ITS Standards
Projects
Adopt/Adapt US
National ITS Architecture
and Standards
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Districts
Statewide Services ITS Architecture & Local/Provincial ITS Architectures
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Consensus Systems Technologies Corp (ConSysTec)
Robert S. Jaffe, Ph.D. President
[email protected] www.consystec.com +1 9142488466
Thank You!
