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“ITS Experience in the Philippines”
Ricardo G. Sigua, PhD.
Professor, College of Engineering
Affiliate, National Center for Transportation Studies
University of the Philippines Diliman
Seminar on Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) Applications in the Philippines13 February 2009
Metro Manila’s Urbanization
• Urban Sprawling• Concentration of
economic, commercial and cultural activities
Traffic congestionInadequate transportation
services
MMUTIS 2000
• Land Area: 636 sq.kms.• Population: 10M• Population growth rate: 3%
Traffic Congestion
Negative Impacts •Wastage of time and energy due to delays incurred in congested roadways
Environment
SPM: significantly above the standard of 180 mg/m3. daily ave. in many locations
NO2: has exceeded the standard amount of 0.10 ppm hourly ave. for a healthy environment in some locations
Noise Level: 77-84dB in many locations
•Environmental degradation caused by increased vehicle exhausts in traffic jams
Energy
Road Safety
105,260(US$1.9B)
25,800
27,748
33,119
18,593
Adjusted for under-reporting
973,240
469,090
402,150
93,820
8,180
Adjusted for under-reporting
Based on reported accidents
As reported
(Police)
2,548(U$45M)
12,806 TOTAL
529 9,623 55,000 Damage-Only
115 1,672 69,000 Minor Injury
281797 353,000 Serious Injury
1,623 714 2,273,000 Fatal
Total Cost(million pesos)
Number of AccidentsAverage
Cost (Pesos)
Accident Type
Source: Sigua, UP COE/NCTS 2.6 % of the Philippines’ GDP
MARTE A. PEREZ
Public Transportation
Traffic Demand by ModeSource: MMUTIS, 1996
Mode Person Trips (%)
Vehicle
Trips(%)
Private 21.6 45.8
Semi Public
8.6 12.9
Public 69.8 41.2
ITS Deployment in the Philippines
• Traffic Responsive Signal System– State of the Art Metro Manila Adaptive
Responsive Traffic (SMART) System
• The Metro Manila ETC System
Traffic Responsive Signal System
• Uses Sydney Coordinated Adaptive Traffic System (SCATS)– first used in Cebu City– covers more than 420 intersections
in Metro Manila
ETC System
SLEX NLEX
Length, km. 48 84
Start of Operation
Aug. 2000 Early 2005
Technology
DSRC 5.8Ghz
US-based Transcore
Egis Projects S.A. of France
Daily Volume 270,000 200,000
% ETC Users 20 6.5
Where would ITS fit in?
• Complement the plans and programs of the government:
- urban expressways – ETC
- urban rail – automation; commuter
information; schedule- sustainable data collection system
• Road Pricing
- ERP instead of manual method
Road Pricing
• Possibly the most effective method of alleviating congestion in Metro Manila (Koshi)
• Should be set unrealistically high to achieve meaningful reduction
• Time-based charging
Initial Studies on Road Pricing ( MMUTIS )
Scheme Alleviation of Congestion, %
Revenue
US$ million/year
Along EDSA 5 70
CBD of Makati 5-10 61
Area bounded by EDSA
3-10 174
Urban Expressway Expansion, km.
Metro Manila
Outer Areas
Total
• Existing• Skyway I• Committed• MMUTIS
Proposal
34.0
9.3
45.9
98.9
49.0
---
---
28.0
83.0
9.3
45.9
126.9
Total 188.1 77.0 265.1
Urban Rail Network Expansion
Line Length, km.
No. of Stations
1
2
3
4
5
6
52.7
62.7
29.0
29.0
74.5
79.2
43
43
27
26
40
35
Total 346.2 214
Sustainable Data Collection System
• No sustained traffic data collection effort; data collection largely on a project basis
A data collection system must be established to facilitate
gathering of traffic baseline information
Probe Car Survey System
SRcomm
STATUS
1 2 3 4
Probe car device: data logging system
with built-in GPS
• General information on Metro Manila traffic situation – Yearly evaluation of traffic condition (unbiased)
• Network travel speeds, delays, bottlenecks; may include seasonal variation
• Assessment of changes/improvements introduced to the transportation system– System/area wide
• infrastructure (impacts of newly introduced flyovers, bridges, pavement rehab, pedestrian overpass, etc.)
• traffic management (U-turns, one-way regulation, parking regulation, etc.)
• post TIA for new commercial developments • Influence area of congestion due to road construction,
pipe laying, etc.
– Local • specific problem areas (bottleneck, blackspots, etc. )
Potential uses of the probe car survey system
Issues Related to ITS Deployment in Developing Countries
• Institutional - very high level of cooperation among agencies
• Infrastructure- requires well-developed communications and
uninterrupted power supply• Technology
- should be based on ‘needs assessment’; not just a technology push
• Budget - allocation of funds unfamiliar to transport authorities
Immediate Tasks
• Creation of an ITS organization• Development of ITS master plan for
Metro Manila• Information dissemination to gov’t.
agencies; foster cooperation
• Beneficiaries should not be car users only. (70% trip makers rely on public transport)
• ITS revenues should be earmarked for development of mass transit systems
• Any ITS deployment should not be dependent on costly or massive infrastructure outlays because of limited budget.
Conditions for successful ITS in the Philippines
Thank you!