ITS in Singapore

Deployment and Innovation of ITS in Singapore 

Der-Horng Lee, PhDAssociate ProfessorDepartment of Civil EngineeringNational University of Singapore

ITS in Singapore

ITS in Singapore South East Asia by

SPOT 4 Vegetation Instrument

Singapore is a city state in South East Asia, a garden city.

ITS in Singapore

Independence: 9 August 1965Land: approx. 660 sq kmPopulation: approx. 4 million Vehicles: approx. 700,000

ITS in Singapore

Singapore in Global Transportation

World top airport: Changi Int’l Airport World top airline: Singapore Airlines World busiest port: number 1

transshipment port World top port operator: PSA Comprehensive and efficient land

transport systems: backboned by ITS

ITS in Singapore

ITS in Singapore

Land Transport in Singapore

• Total road length 3,110 km (including 150 km of expressways and 571 km of major arterials)

• Vehicle population: 710,000 (including 400,000 private passenger cars)

• Mass rapid transit: 65 stations, 105 km of tracks

• Bus transport: 3,400 buses serving 200+ routes, 2 operators

• Taxi: 19,000 fleet size, 7 operators

• Mode share: 55% by bus and mass transit

ITS in Singapore

ITS in Singapore

ITS in Singapore

ITS in Singapore

ITS in Singapore

Rapid Transit Network - 2030Rapid Transit Network - 2030

Medium Capacity Strategic LRT

Light Capacity LRT

Heavy Capacity Strategic MRT

JURONG EASTJURONG EAST

WOODLANDSWOODLANDS SELETARSELETAR

TAMPINESTAMPINES

ITS in Singapore

ITS in Singapore

Land Transport Authority (LTA)

• Established in 1995• Under Ministry of Transport• Single agency responsible for land transport

policy, facilities, operations and management• ITS has been adopted as a main strategy

ITS in Singapore

LTA’s White Paper

Multi-pronged strategy

Integrated planning

Expansion of road network

Improve public transport

Demand management

Harness advanced technologies

ITS in Singapore

ITS Deployments in Singapore• Expressway Monitoring and Advisory System

(EMAS)• Adaptive traffic signal control, GLIDE

(Singapore’s version of SCATS)• Transit.Smart• Traffic.Smart• i-transport

ITS in Singapore

ITS in Singapore

Road Pricing

Manual road pricing introduced in the Central Business District (CBD) since 1975

High manpower needs, inconvenient, limited in varying road pricing charges

ITS in Singapore

Electronic Road Pricing (ERP)

Automated with the Road Pricing system (Area Licensing Scheme, ALS) Fully replacing the manual scheme in Sep 98 A new generation of ERP is being studied

ITS in Singapore

Gantry Equipment 1/3

Antennae

ITS in Singapore

Gantry Equipment 2/3

Antennae Vehicle Detectors

ITS in Singapore

Gantry Equipment 3/3

Antennae Vehicle Detectors Enforcement

Cameras

ITS in Singapore

How does it work?

AntennaController

ECS SiteController

DetectorController

AntennaController

AVID Controller

Comms. Controller

CentralComputer

System

LocalControllerHousing

ITS in Singapore

How does it work?

AntennaController

ECS SiteController

DetectorController

AntennaController

AVID Controller

Comms. Controller

CentralComputer

System

LocalControllerHousing

ITS in Singapore

How does it work?

AntennaController

ECS SiteController

DetectorController

AntennaController

AVID Controller

Comms. Controller

CentralComputer

System

LocalControllerHousing

ITS in Singapore

Gantry-less Electronic Road Pricing

ITS in Singapore

Expressway Monitoring & Advisory Systems (EMAS)

• Covers 300 directional-km of expressway network

• 240+ PTZ surveillance cameras

• 57+ detection cameras

• Tow trucks free of charge

ITS in Singapore

EMAS

• 170+ travel time displays

• 140+ VMS

• Total cost S$126 million (US$70 million)

ITS in Singapore Prior Incident Back-up ImagesPrior Incident Back-up Images 03:10

03:14 03:16

03:12

03:18 03:20 03:22 03:24

03:26 03:28 03:30 03:32

ITS in Singapore

Green Link Determining (GLIDE) Systems• Based on SCATS• Implemented since 1988• More than 2,000 intersections in 17 regions• S$27.5 million (US$15 million)• Network pattern

ITS in Singapore

Junction Electronic Eyes (J-Eyes)

• PTZ surveillance cameras at intersections• Started with 5 intersections in 1999• Expanded to 230 intersections in 2004• S$14 million (US$8 million)

ITS in Singapore

Automated Taxi Dispatching System

• Based on DGPS receivers and wireless private networks

• Adopted by all operators

• Approximately 100,000 dispatches a day

ITS in Singapore

TrafficScan• Based on speed gathered by taxis with DGPS

receivers

ITS in Singapore

ez-Link Farecard System• Since April 2002• Contactless smart card• Use in MRT, buses, & potentially taxi

and other business transactions• Tap on processors at entrance & exit• Max fare deducted at entrance but

refund at exit• Fare calculation aided by DGPS

MRT processor

Bus processor

ITS in Singapore

ez-Link Farecard System

• Bus system– 2 bus companies

– 3,400 buses

– 200+ routes

– 3.13 million pax-trips/day

• MRT system– 105 km of parallel tracks

– 65 stations

– 1.3 million pax-trips/day

Bus+MRT• 4.4 million pax-trips/day• 55% of home-to-work trips

ITS in Singapore

Traffic.Smart

ITS in Singapore

• http://www.onemotoring.com.sg• S$3.8 million (US$2 million)

ITS in Singapore

Transit.Smart

ITS in Singapore

Transit.Smart• Phase 1 Phase 1

– Static bus and train informationStatic bus and train information

– Operational at Operational at http://transit.smart.lta.gov.sghttp://transit.smart.lta.gov.sg

• Phase 2 Phase 2 – With real-time vehicle location With real-time vehicle location

systemsystem

ITS in Singapore

SmarTravel@IBP

The On-Board Unit installed in a shuttle bus

SmarTravel@IBP webpage showing the predicted arrival times and the real-time locations of the shuttle buses

The 42” plasma display at Strategy building

ITS in Singapore

i-transport• Integrated control facilities at ITS Centre• Scalable data warehouse for information dissemination

and research• Customized applications such as statistical, inference

and simulation tools• Web-based data pipeline for all authorized users• To be completed by 2005 2003 2005

ITS in Singapore

ITS in Singapore

i-transportModules

Operational I nterf ace Module

External agencies: e.g., traffic police,

media.

LTA’s ITS systems: e.g., GLIDE, J-Eyes, EMAS, ERP, RIMS

LTA’s internal depts.: e.g., planning, traffic

management, maintenance

TI Hub Module

data warehouse data fusion, data mining

Statistical Module

Report generation, statistical analysis

I nf erence Module

Rule-based expert system, selection of pre-defined action plans,

generation of new action plans

Simulation Module

High performance, large-scale

microscopic traffic simulation, evaluation

of action plans

ITS in Singapore

Remarks• >S$420 million (US$233 million) has been spent

– >S$0.6 million per km of major road

– >S$600 per vehicle

• Earlier (pre-2000) systems are independent & isolated

• Already moving into 2nd generation of integrated and interoperable system

ITS in Singapore

Remarks• ITS technology testbed

• Integrations– ITS systems, deployments

– Transport technologies, transport policies, land use, and urban development

• Emphasis on operation and sustainability instead of ad-hoc deployments

• ITS business model