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ITU and its work in the field ofStandardization

Presented at the

Workshop on ITU activitiesBangalore (India), 30-31 August 2001

by

Houlin ZHAODirector, Telecommunication Standardization Bureau (TSB)

International Telecommunication Union, GenevaPlace des Nations - CH-1211 Geneva 20 - Switzerland

Tel: +41 22 730 5851Fax: +41 22 730 5853

E-mail: houlin.zhao@itu.intITU Home page address: http://www.itu.int

2

TSB

1837 Invention of the first electric telegraph1844 Samuel Morse sent his first public message over a telegraph Iine

between Washington and Baltimore1865 Foundation of the International Telegraph Union by twenty States17 May with the adoption of the first Convention. First Telegraph Regulations.1876 Alexander Graham Bell patents his invention of the telephone

1924 Paris - Creation of CCIF (International Telephone Consultative Committee)1925 Paris - Creation of CCIT (International Telegraph Consultative Committee)1927 Washington - Creation of the CCIR (Intl. Radio Consultative Committee)1932 Madrid - Plenipotentiary Conference. Telegraph Union changes name to

International Telecommunication Union

1947 ITU becomes a Specialized Agency of the United Nations1956 Geneva - CCIF and CCIT merged into CCITT (International

Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee)1992 Geneva - Plenipotentiary Conference. Creation of 3 Sectors:

ITU-T replaces CCITT, ITU-R replaces IFRB, CCIR, and ITU-D replaces TCD1999/7 ITU becomes a founding Member of PSO of ICANN

ITU Landmarks

3

TSBNew Structure of the ITU

PlenipotentiaryConference

RadiocommunicationSector

TelecommunicationStandardization Sector Development Sector

World Conferenceson International

Telecommunications

WorldTelecommunication

StandardizationAssembly (WTSA)

Council

Radio RegulationsBoard

StudyGroups

DirectorSecretary-GeneralDeputy Secretary-General

CoordinationCommittee

General Secretariat

StudyGroups

StudyGroups

AdvisoryGroup

Bureau

Director

Bureau

AdvisoryGroup Director

Bureau

AdvisoryGroup

World/RegionalConferences

RadiocommunicationAssembly

World/RegionalConferences

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TSBCCITT and ITU-T

CCITT (International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee):1956 1st Plenary Assembly 1960 2nd Plenary Assembly Red Books1964 3rd Plenary Assembly Blue Books1968 4th Plenary Assembly White Books1972 5th Plenary Assembly Green Books

1976 6th Plenary Assembly Orange Books1980 7th Plenary Assembly Yellow Books1984 8th Plenary Assembly Red Books1988 9th Plenary Assembly Blue Books

ITU-T (International Telecommunication Union - Telecom. Standardization Sector):1993 1st World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (WTSC-93), Helsinki

1996 2nd World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (WTSC-96), Geneva

2000 3rd World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA-2000), Montreal

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TSBINTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION (ITU)

A UN Specialized Agency

Intergovernmental organization, governments represented throughtheir telecommunication Administrations (constitutional Members)

Other entities (Recognized Operating Agencies, Scientific IndustrialOrganizations, regional and international organizations) admitted as Sector members

"Basic Law" = Convention and Constitution, to be modified by Plenipotentiary Conferences

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TSBFunctions of ITU-T

"The functions of the Telecommunication Standardization Sector

shall be, bearing in mind the particular concerns of the developing

countries, to fulfill the purposes of the Union relating to

telecommunication standardization, as stated in Article 1 of this

Constitution, by studying technical, operating and tariff Questions

and adopting Recommendations on them with a view to

standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis."

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TSB

Member States: 189

Sector Members: 180 ROAs (Recognized Operating Agencies - Network and service providers)

232 SIOs (Scientific and Industrial Organiz.s - Manufacturers)

42 others (including ISOC) (regional, International organizations, etc.)

19 Associates

Membership of ITU-T (by 1 August 2001)

8

TSBOrganizational Structure of ITU-T

WORLD TELECOMMUNICATIONSTANDARDIZATION ASSEMBLY

TELECOMMUNICATIONSTANDARDIZATIONADVISORY GROUP

STUDY GROUP

WORKINGPARTY

R

STUDY GROUP STUDY GROUP

WORKINGPARTY

WORKINGPARTY

R R R

R = RAPPORTEUR GROUP

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TSBApproval of new and revised Recommendations -Sequence of events

3 months minimum

1 month minimum

4 weeks

SG or WPmeeting

SG or WPdetermination

Chairman'srequest

Edited textavailable

Consultation period

Director'sannouncement

Director's request

Textdistributed

Director'snotification

Deadline forMember States' replies

SGdecision

SGmeeting

7 working days

maximum

10

TSBAAP Sequence of events

Approved

Director’s Notification

SG or WP

Meeting

Edited Text

for LC

Director’s Announcement

and Posting for LC

(a)

(b)

(c)

Comment Resolution

Edited Text

Available

Director’s Announcement

and Posting

SG Meeting

(a)

(a)

(b)

Director’s Announcement

and Posting for AR

(b)

3 weeks

4 weeks LC

3 weeks AR

LC: Last Call AR: Additional Review

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TSBWorking methodsProcedures for comments and decision-making

ITU-T studies are driven by contributions from its membership

Contributions are discussed at meetings, with assessment made byRapporteurs and management team of Study Groups

Study Group meetings, Working Party meetings, Rapporteur Groupmeetings, Joint meetings, etc.

Electronic consultation, EDH

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TSBApproval and publication time of Recommendations

before 1988 1989-1993 1993-1996 1997-2000 2001-2004

Approval time

4 years

2 years

18 months

9 months

(exceptional case:

5 months)

2-9

months

Publication time

2-4 years

2 years

1-1.5 year

6-12 months

3-9 months

Notes: 1. Pre-published Recommendations, available on ITU-T Website, from a few daysto four weeks after approval of the text.

 2. Recs in force, pre-published, superseded/obsolete: available on ITU-T Website.

 3. Forms of publication: paper, CD-ROM, electronic bookshop, online, etc. 

4. FREE ONLINE ACCESS SINCE JANUARY 2001 (one free access per member,3 free downloads for public) 

5. “Approval time” counted between “determination/consent” and final approval

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TSBComparisons

1981-1984

1985-1988

1989-1992

1997-2000

Recommendations in force by the end of the period

1,280 1,600 1,897 2,625

Total pages by theend of the period

11,600(Red

Books)

18,000(Blue

Books)

26,000 76,180

Note: 1. Approx. 300 texts per year during 1997-2000 2. About 180 common texts between ITU-T and ISO/IEC JTC 1 3. ITU-T publishes handbooks and Operational Bulletin

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TSBITU-T Recommendations Series (1)

Series AOrganization of the work of the ITU-T

Series BMeans of expression: definitions, symbols, classification

Series CGeneral telecommunication statistics

Series DGeneral tariff principles

Series E Overall network operation, telephone service,service operation and human factors

Series F Non-telephone telecommunication services

Series G Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks

Series HAudiovisual and multimedia systems

Series I Integrated services digital network

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Series J Transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals

Series KProtection against interference

Series L Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant

Series M TMN and network maintenance: international transmission systems, telephone circuits, telegraphy, facsimile andleased circuits

Series NMaintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits

Series O Specifications of measuring equipment

Series P Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks

ITU-T Recommendations Series (2)

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TSBITU-T Recommendations Series (3)

Series Q Switching and signalling

Series RTelegraph transmission

Series S Telegraph services terminal equipment

Series T Terminals for telematic services

Series UTelegraph switching

Series V Data communication over the telephone network

Series X Data networks and open system communication

Series Y Global information infrastructure

Series Z Programming languages

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TSBBest Sellers

2000 - Best selling texts (in the order of sales number):

H.323 (09/99) G.703 G.723.1 Q.931 G.711 X.690 G.704

G.723 Annex A+disk V.90 E.164 X.680 H.323 (02/98)

G.692 H.263 G.729 G.826 G.957 H.225.0

G.729 Annex A+disk V.34

Some well-known ITU-T Recommendations:E.164 E.190 E.212G.711 G.720 G.729 G.982 G.990-series (xDSL)H.245 H.248 H.263 H.323 H.324 H.450 I.365 I.432 I.731 J.112 J.117M.3000 M.3200 M.3210Q.1700 Q.1721 Q.1731 Q.1751T.30 T.37 T.38 V.44 V.59 V.90 V.92X.25 X.36 X.208 X.509 X.680 X.840-seriesY.1310 Y.1540

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TSBITU-T's main work areas

Three major items:

- IP-related issues

- IMT-2000

- Accounting rates

Other items:

- Multi-media, access networks (xDSL), security, numbering and addressing, inter-operabilities, IPR,

etc.

Promotion

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TSB

approved the reports for the 1997-2000 activities

approved Recommendations:

- Rec. D.140, Annex E (transitional tariff and accounting arrangements)

- Rec. D.50 (cost-sharing principle for internet traffic)

established a Special Study Group on IMT-2000 and beyond

Chairmen and Vice-Chairmen of SGs nominated

WTSA-2000 results

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TSBWTSA-2000 results

Recommendation A.AAP, now called “Rec. A.8”, (Alternative Approval Procedures), quicker, WEB consultation

EDH (Electronic Data Handling); e-mail, tele-conferencing, e-consulting, paperless meeting

Flexibility: new meeting arrangements

Resolution 17: Telecommunication standardization in relation to the interests of developing countries:- to cooperate with ITU regional office, possibly to hold ITU-T meetings in the region;- to strengthen cooperation with regional organizations;- to provide free electronic access to Recommendations if approved by the Council;- to encourage participation of developing countries in ITU-T activities;- to hold information meetings;- to assist developing countries with technical priority studies;- etc.

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TSBWTSA-2000 results

TSAG (Telecommunication Standardization Advisory Group):

more power, including:

- establishment or discontinuation of Study Group(s)

- endorsement of new working methods

- review of approval procedures

- taking care of external relationships

- strategic guidance

“Associate”: Sfr. 10.500 per year (1/3 of Sector Membership fee)

Reform of ITU-T

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TSBNew structure (1)

Study Group 2: Operational aspects of service provision, networks and performance

Study Group 3: Tariff and accounting principles including related telecommunications economic and policy issues

Study Group 4: Telecommunication management, including TMN

Study Group 5: Protection against electromagnetic environment effects

Study Group 6: Outside plant

Study Group 7: Data networks and open system communications

Study Group 9: Integrated broadband cable networks and television and sound transmission

Study Group 10: Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems

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Study Group 11: Signalling requirements and protocols

Study Group 12: End-to-end transmission performance of networks and terminals

Study Group 13: Multi-protocol and IP-based networks and their internetworking

Study Group 15: Optical and other transport networks

Study Group 16: Multimedia services, systems and terminals

Special Study Group: IMT-2000 and beyond

TSAG

New Structure (2)

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TSBFuture public activities of ITU

WTDC-2002, March 2002, Istanbul, Turkey

PP-02, September-October 2002, Marrakesh, Morocco

World Telecom Exhibition: TELECOM 2003,Geneva, Switzerland, October 2003

World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS),Geneva, Switzerland, December 2003

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Task Force

IETF

IntergovernmentITU

(ITU-T and ITU-R)

NGOsISO,IEC,

IEEE, ETSI, ECMATTC, Committee T1,ARIB, TIA, SCTE

Forums & Consortia1394TA 3GPP 3GPP2 AIM AMF AMI-CAOEMA AOW ATMF BINTERMS Bluetooth Cable ModemsCBOP CDG CIF CII CommerceNetCommerceNet JCOS CTFJ DHF DISA DOPG DSLFECE ECHONET ECOM ECTF EDIFICE EEMAEIDX EMA EMF ERTICO EWOS FCIAFCIA-J FIPA FRF FSAN GSM Assoc. HNFHome API HomePNA HRFWG IDB Forum IFIP IFSAIMTC IMWA IrDA ITS America ITS UK JAVAJCTEA JECALS JEDIC JEMA JICSAP JIMMJMF LONMARK MCPC MDG.org MITF MMCFMobile Web MOPA MPLSF MSForum MWIF OASISODVA OIF OMG OSGi PCCA PCISIGPCMCIA PHS MoU PICMG POF Salutation SCFSDR SSIPG STA TINA-C TMForum TOGTSC UMTS USBIF UWCC W3C WAPWDF Web 3D WfMC WIN Forum WLIF XTP Forum

ITU positioning

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Budget SDO Membership fees NoteAnnual fee

(US$)

(25,000,000 $)

40,000,000 SFr

ITU-TITU-R

choice minimum ½ unit (31,500 SFr) 20,000

20,275,000 $

(21,909,000 Euros)

ETSI obliged turnover 45 units (5,000 Euros/unit) 211,050

IETF Depending on participation

350 $/500 $ per meeting per person,3 meetings per year

1050/1500 x ?

1,200,000 $ ECMA Obliged $ 42,000 / $ 18, 000 / $ 10,000standards free

42,000

(18,300,000 $)

29,305,000 SFr

ISO Through national members

Shared by national members(five big members pay 9% of the budget)

(individual company up to 50,000)

(11,900,000 $)

19,000,000 SFr

IEC

(4,456,200 Euros)

4,000,000 $

3GPP Shared by 6 SDOs Average500,000/SDO

1,840,000 $ 3GPP2 Shared by 5 SDOs Average360,000/SDO

W3C Obliged 50,000 $ / 5,000 $, standards free

50,000

IEEE Obliged 5,000

2,870,000 $ ATM obliged + meeting fees

$ 14,000/5,000/3,500/1,500,$ 250/275 per meeting4 meetings/year, standards free

14,000+1,000/1,100 x?

Company’s dues to SDOs

(Some SDOs receive secretariat support from their members; such expenditures are not counted in the budget.)

(ITU-T Associate fee: US$ 6,000)

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Administrations (96/2208)

ROAs (87/1783) SIOs (167/1875)

U.S.A. 342 NTT 188 Lucent 166+58 +

China 232 FT 184 Ericsson 147+5+

Germany 187 BT 148 Siemens 136+17+

France 106

DT 134 Nortel 91+51+

Russia 99 ATT 77 Alcatel 35+23+40+18+

U.K. 95 KDDI 69 CSELT 69

Canada 63 Telecom Italia 65 NEC 47

Japan 63 Swisscom 65 Nokia 46

India 62 KT 59 Fujitsu 42

Ukraine 58 Telenor 58 Telecordia 36

Italy 56 Royal KPN 58 Motorola 27+8

Syria 53 Telia 46 OKI 32

Korea 50 Telekom Austria 37 ETRI 32

Total: 1466 (66%)

Total: 1188 (67%)

Total: 1126 (60%)(Note – Cisco: 13)

ITU-T Top 13 Members participation (07/98-08/00)

- Increase your participation in the ITU- Increase your participation in the ITU- Present your own ideas/opinions to ITU- Present your own ideas/opinions to ITU- Add your own values to ITU- Add your own values to ITU- See you in ITU activities- See you in ITU activities