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Shipboard Training Performances of Capitol University
Maritime Education Program Cadets for
School year 2008 2009
Chapter I
I. Introduction
Seafaring is one of the quite high demand professions of the
world. The economy and progress of a nation depends upon the
exportation and importation of such materials and products needed to
develop a country. In every delay of transportation of the goods in the
world cause over thousands of people to starve. Hence, demands of
seafarer increase over the years. However, manning agencies and
companies learnt to select the best of the best merchant mariners all
over the world, considering cadets in apprenticeship/shipboard
training, due to the accidents and human errors had happened
onboard. Thus nowadays seafaring is a truly global competition among
merchant mariners from different countries with a goal for the highest
position in a ship
Ensued of this reason, many countries had established a school
for maritime sector industry. Especially in our country, the Philippines,
contributes about 30% of the total seafarers in the world
(http://www.cenpeg.org/2012/governance/august2012/DIASPORA)
In this field surely good amount of salary and benefits are
expected. This is the number one reason why many people would like
to be in this profession. One of the schools here in our country that
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produces well-disciplined cadets, is no other where the proponents of
this research belong, the Capitol University. This school for many years
was known of its best training program for maritime cadets and one of
these is the shipboard training practicum. Capitol University College of
Maritime Education (CU CME) and the shipboard board training office
continuously seek to improve its curricula to meet the international
standards.
After the three years academic requirements of the
BSMT/BSMarE, to fully finish the degree, a cadet is required for
shipboard training/ apprenticeship. This is to apply the knowledge
gained of a cadet from his academic studies about the course to
determine if a cadet can do the works on board. They are observed
and graded from their performances while on board as at the same
time enrolled in the university with 40 units credits, which a pre-
requisite for the completion of the course. However, this is not a one-
time voyage of 1 year or 12 months onboard but as per instruction it is
divided into two set of continuous voyage minimum of six month,
undertaken aboard in a merchant marine vessel of not less than 500
gross tonnage for deck cadets and 750 KW propulsion power for engine
cadets (CU CME Manual 2010, Chapter 6).
This research is to survey and reflect the shipboard training
performances of Capitol University cadets batch 2008 2009. To be
able to make the institution provides what the students lack aside from
academic preparations. This would serve as an advantage for the
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students who are still studying in maritime studies to be mentor
necessary things to uphold during shipboard training, which the batch
2008 2009 good at and needs to improve.
II. Conceptual Framework
This research is a study about the performance of the cadets
during the shipboard training of school year 2008 2009.
The first problem or topic to tackle is the problems of the cadets,
who undergo the training. By using of the instruments of the research,
the researchers can study to give solutions on the common problems
of a cadet in shipboard training that help the next batch how to deal
with problems. Conversely, the researchers could also discover the
quality of the performances of the cadets where they are good at and
improve proficiency that could be maintained and even improved
being a competent one.
It is very essential with regards to this research to find out the
significance in relation between academic and practical knowledge and
skills. In doing so, this research could help enhance in combining the
significance between the two, which is vital for a cadet not only for
Shipboard training but also for the rest of the time in his profession.
Moreover, the area of inadequate performance will also be discussed in
a way that could help the cadets, instructors, and the school to give
attention such things onboard that need attentions and improvements.
The applicability of academic training is the peak of the topics,
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as this is the result of the studies of a cadet in land. This is the last part
of the body of this research that result the topics would be discussed.
In this phase the proponents and readers can obtain the knowledge
and significance of applicability from academic training. This is where
the school can determine which of the academic and practicum
training they need to improve and develop.
This would present the results of the evaluation of the cadets
under the Capitol University Maritime Education (CU MEP), Deck
and Engine Department who underwent the Shipboard Training Course
during the school year 2008 2009. Several officer-in-charged to
whom the cadets or trainees report while on board seagoing vessels
evaluated a total of 86 deck cadets and 13 engine cadets. To
determine the performance of the students, who are enrolled in the
Shipboard Training Course, offered annually by the CU MEP for third
and fourth year level, to accomplish the various tasks for which they
are expected to know and do, to ascertain the strength and
weaknesses of the trainees and the Shipboard Training Program of
Capitol University during the covered period.
The evaluation will be done by utilizing an instrument in the form
of checklist of tasks to be performed by the shipboard trainees, which
was developed by the Maritime Education of Capitol University. The
checklist consists of the following broad categories of tasks that may
be assigned:
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Deck
Hereunder is the list of tasks of the Deck Trainees
1. Plan and conduct a passage and determine ship position
2. Maintain a safe navigational watch
3. Use RADAR and ARPA to maintain safety of navigation
4. Respond to Emergency
5. Respond to a distress signal at sea
6. Transmit and receive information by visual signaling
7. Maneuvering the ship
8. Compliance with the pollution requirement
9. Prevent, Control and fight fires on board
10. Lifesaving appliances and medical first aid
11. Steering the ship
12. Cargo handling and storage/stowage
Engine
Hereunder is the list of tasks of the Engine Trainees
1. Use appropriate tools for fabrication and repair operations
typically perform
2. Use hand tools and equipment for repair
3. Use hand tools electrical and electronic maneuvering and test
equipment for fault finding, maintenance and repair operations.
4. Maintain a safe engineering watch
5. Use of English in written and oral form
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6. Operate main auxiliary machinery and associated control
7. Operate pumping systems and associate control system
8. Operate alternators, generators and control system
9. Maintain marine engineering system, including control system
10. Ensure compliance with pollution prevention requirements
11. Maintain sea worthiness of the ship
12. Prevent, control and fight fires on board
13. Operate lifesaving appliances
14. Apply Medical first aid on board ship
15. Monitor compliance with legislative requirements
16. Start and shut down main propulsion and auxiliary machinery
including associated system
17. Engine Watch keeper
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III. SCHEMATICDIAGRAM
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IV. Statement of the Problem
1. What are the common problems encountered by the cadets
during their Shipboard Training?
Applicability ofAcademic Training
Problems encounterOn Shipboard Training
Area of QualityPerformances
Area of InadequatePerformances
and Practical Knowledgeand Skills
Significances on RelationBetween Academic
Shipboard TrainingPerformance ofCapitol UniversityMaritimeEducationProgram CadetsFor School Year2008-2009
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2. On what area of training do the Shipboard Training cadets
perform better and perform weak?
3. What specific academic training and preparation are applicable
in shipboard training?
4. Is there a significant correlation between the academic and
practical knowledge and skills in the Shipboard Training
performance?
5. What is the level of proficiency of the cadets in navigational skills
and practices?
6. How proficient are the cadets in handling engine operation and
maintenance?
Scope and Limitation
The scope of this research is to determine the performance of
the cadets batch 2008 2009 on shipboard training. Results of their
performance were gathered by Capitol University College of Maritime
Education (CU CME) Shipboard Training Office (STO) from their
respective companies. With these data, their performance will be
observed and studied by the researchers to find out the conclusion of
their performance. The subjects of this research are the following:
Cadets batch 2008 2009, CME instructors and present Cadets of
Capitol University. Any Information that would be added in this
research from the Internet websites will be supplemented accordingly.
The study of this research will be conducted inside this institution.
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Finding companies for the shipboard training of a cadet will not
be included in this research study as this only focuses on the
performance of the cadets who underwent shipboard training.
Significance and objectives of the study
Shipboard Training plays a major role in the Maritime Industry. In
this aspect of developing cadets, it is an important to have the best
training they could to prepare them in the life onboard and in
preparation of handling the ship, as future merchant marine officers.
The significance of this study is to show and give data of the
progress of our cadets in the school year 2008-2009. The data shown
in this research will give hints and samples that would provide precise
data pointing where our cadet doesnt show excellent performance. In
this way of assessing them, the school could answer and provide them
better training which would give them more ideas to do better and
perform well in the training.
The objective of this study is to know which areas our cadets are
performing well and areas where they are not. In this way of
determining their performance, we would know their weaknesses and
strengths in the areas of the training and be able to answer those
problems to better prepare them for the upcoming set of new cadets in
the following years.
Definition of Terms:
1. Apprentice - A minor who has been bound by indentures to serve a
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ship owner for a specified period usually one year in return for
instruction in the duties of deck officers, together with food,
accommodation and such money payments as may be agreed.
2. Deck- Horizontal flooring or plating, above bottom of vessel. May
be continuous of partial.
3. Marine Engineer - Officer who is in-charged of engines for the
time being certificated officer competent to take charge of engine
and to effect repairs and adjustment.
4. Navigation - Is the art and science of conducting a ship from one
place to another.
5. Radar - Electronic system by which the bearing and distance of an
object are found by emission of radio pulse, and observation of
direction of its return and the measurement of time elapse between
emission and return.
6. Sea Going - Applied to men or craft, when differentiating between
sea -service and service in sheltered waters.
7. Seaworthiness - In a limited sense is a vessels fitness to
withstand the action of the sea, wind and weather.
8. Steer - To govern the course of a vessel by controlling, directly or
indirectly, the helm of rudder. To steer a course is to keep ships
head to a given direction. A vessel is said to steer when she
answered the helm.
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9. Survey - To examine and inspect usually. Visual examination or
inspection periodical examination of a vessel, her fittings,
machinery, accommodation, etc. Particularly but casual inspection
of stowage, hatches, cargo, and etc.
10. Voyage - In general, a journey by sea from one place to another,
or to the other places. In certain cases the voyage is considered as
beginning when vessel arrives at her loading port and ending when
she has been moored in good safety at her discharging port for
twenty-four hours.
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Chapter II
Review of Related Literature
The findings of this research would really be of great help to
those cadets who will be engaged in shipboard training. Awareness of
the problems that occur during the shipboard training of the cadets is
one of the primary aim to find out on this research. While the cadets
are engaged with this training, problems are inevitable. It is expected
that cadets unintentionally could commit mistakes. However this could
be avoid by ample training preparation while in land. The trainings of
the cadets vary according to the company. A strong emphasis on the
importance of cadets training may indicate the high quality
performances. So, if the trainings issued to you and the trainings you
have undergone during your academic years are inadequate it would
really be hard for you in dealing such encounters. Especially that you
would be with people in different have adverse personalities by its
different culture, nationality, and religion.
Significance on relation between academic and practical
knowledge and skills Academic, practical knowledge and skills must go
form in one in able to attain a very successful product from these
variables. It deals a lot of perception on how these things must come in
one form, because in the global market today it needs an almost
perfect applicant on able to reach the standards they really implement.
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But, somehow, there are such companies go down to someone's level
in order to meet some matters need to consider. The significance in
these variables is that they must come in complementary mixture.
However, theory cannot stands alone; it needs application to
realize what a cadet has over all learned from the school. Applicability
of academic trainings is really the most important thing in dealing such
career and profession. The success of the shipboard training of a cadet
depends upon the knowledge he/she has and its application
considering the fulfillment of its tasks and its safety in execution.
Local
On January 26, 2012, the Commission on Higher Education
(CHED) issued the implementing guidelines on the shipboard training
requirement for the Bachelor of Science in Marine Transportation and
Bachelor of Science in Marine Engineering programs. The CHED CMO
no. 2 series of 2012 will be the implementing requirement for a
bachelors degree in Marine Transportation or in Marine Engineering,
respectively to be qualified for certification as an officer-in-charge of a
watch. This CHED CMO requires BSMT and BSMARE cadets students to
serve as deck boy, ordinary seaman, able seamen, boatswain, o engine
boy, filter, wiper, oiler, for BSMT or BSMARE, respectively. With this
requirement, it is now very necessary for all manning agencies to
employ cadets on board ship to avoid back of officers-in-charge of a
watch, considering the 36 months period, If otherwise.
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(www.fainship.com.ph).
The shipboard training program provides all cadets with the
opportunity to use a ship as a sea going laboratory where in they are
required to complete their training record books. This record book will
be evaluated and graded and will serve as a requirement for
enrollment in the final stage of the course as fourth year cadets. For
this year, PMMA has entered into a memorandum of agreement with
the twenty-eight 28 shipping companies for shipboard training
program of PMMA cadets. These shipping companies support the
cadets in achieving quality education and training. They train cadets to
become loyal and committed to the tasks assigned to them by the
company. (www.pmma.edu.ph)
International
Despite the various developments in maritime society, human
errors have been continued to be one of the primarily causes of marine
accidents. The outcomes of detailed investigations on the root causes
of human errors can provide valuable support on execution process of
required precautions on board merchant ships. (Identifying the
potential roles of designed based failures on human errors in shipboard
operations, Volume 1 number 3, September 2007 339).
The objectives of the shipboard training program is to assign tasks
which simulate thinking so that the cadet can acquires the skills
required to be a good officer by getting hands-on experience of various
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shipboard tasks. Develops basic instincts of good seamanship. Gain a
well-rounded perspective of all shipboard operations. Duration of the
program: the SSTP is spread over a seagoing period of 24 months. It
compromises of stages, working on the promise of 8 months of sea
time per cadet per ship. Deck cadets who have completed this pre
training and modular courses. They also have to be employed by a
shipping company and medically fit. The SSTP has been found to be a
useful learning tool even for those not seeking a remission of sea time
(e.g. deck cadets who have opted for completing the full 36 months
and for seamen intending to appear for 2 MFG examinations). (www.
wilhalmsen.com)
During the sea training period, the students are embarked
aboard two or three kinds of the training of the ships, sailing ship,
diesel engine ship, and steam turbine, according to their training
course and a variety of maritime institutions they belong to the
students are called Cadets after their embarkation. Through the
entire operation of the training ships, the cadets can ensure what they
have been taught in their maritime institutions and acquire practical
techniques and shipboard skills. Furthermore, through a day-to-day
cohabitation on board the ship, adaptability discipline, endurance,
cooperative spirit, and international sensibility, can be cultivated. The
training ships have different navigation schedules respectively and the
sea training progress step by step formal elementary instruction in
accordance with the training program. The sea training is carried act in
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port, at the domestic sea area and the ocean worldwide by making full
use of characteristics of each training ship. The concept of the sea
training is that the cadets observe, participate, and perform all the
duties of the ships officers as much as possible. (www. Kohkun.com)
All cadets who have finished their academic subject will undergo
and proceed to cadetship service training program or apprenticeship
that this program is designed for deck and engine cadets who are
groomed to be qualified and competent officers of the Marlow fleet.
The training program for the cadets consists of lectures and practical
work on tasks passing through any objective of the ship followed by
the cadetship/sea service as a rating of not less than six months on
board ship. They train to be proficient and competent in various tasks.
Passing through different ranks on the ship. They join the ship with a
daily training record book and workbook which they are task to
accomplish. On the list block, they are assisted in their preparation for
the board examinations for licensure purposes. Total length of the
program is three years and combination of training and on-board
assignments. (www.mntc.com.ph/cadettrainings.php)
One of the cornerstones for the development of our marine
operation team members is the cadetship program. They intended to
attract deck and engine cadets in any maritime universities around the
world. The cadetship program is intended to offer officer candidates
the opportunity to learn and experience the unique operation any large
cruise vessel. Some of our senior officers now are have some
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companies that offer cadetship to the Filipino cadets who are hard
working and dedicated to work on board the vessel. Some companies
on other countries seek students or cadets around the world but before
they are hired they will undergo rigid training and exam to screen out
the best of the best. (www.royalconversation.com)
Hoping for a better accurate procedurals of training on board will
make sense if the individuals itself, work hand in hand to determine
the great result of the observation conducted by some accredited
persons. Shipboard training will always play a big role of molding
cadets to improve their quality of work and knowledge about shipping,
and in time of exact preparation. They will take place of handling the
ships activity and property through what they have aggravated in the
training. (www.royalcareshipping.com/shipboardtraining - encrypted
from a book in the shipping industry by john tom sohaviche).
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Chapter III
Research Methodology
This chapter primarily discusses the research methodology used
in answering the problems presented in chapter 1 of this research. This
includes the research design, research setting, respondent of the
study, and research instrument.
Research Design
The study makes use of quantitative description and data
analysis research design. Quantitative description is a purely narrative
and numerical description. While data analysis is the process of
systematically applying statistical and/or logical techniques to describe
and illustrate, condense and recap, and evaluate data.
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The selection of the designs were based upon the kind of study
that will be conducted wherein quantitative descriptions could help the
Shipboard Training performance of Capitol University Maritime
Education cadets for school year 2008 -2009 study in accounting the
weaknesses and proficiencies of the cadets using the record of their
performance data which will then be evaluated by the use of data
analysis, to enable the researchers to get the findings and answers of
this study. The designs used in this research will be of great help in
tackling the study to make it more simply yet logically understandable.
Research Setting
This study will be conducted at Capitol University in Cagayan de
Oro City during the school year 2013 2014, specifically, in the College
of Maritime Education.
Respondent of the study
The respondent of this study will be the 86 Deck and 13 Engine
Cadets batch 2008 -2009, who underwent shipboard training during
the said year. The record of the engine and deck cadets performance
data evaluated by their company and forwarded to the Capitol
University College of Maritime Education Shipboard Office; for the
completion of a cadets degree, will serve as the basis for the
evaluation of their performances in their Shipboard training.
Through Dr. Romeo B. Mioza, a College of Maritime Education
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