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.Ad. HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT , ,n, MAJOR WORKS PROJECT MANAGEMENT OFFICE .' ~jQ:i- i -:t-.:L:f.I if ff~

AGREEMENT NO. CE 18/86 KENNEDY ROAD IMPROVEMENTS AND QUEEN'S LINES LINK %~~-$t CE 18/86 ~~~~~.~~a~~.*~3_

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT FINAL EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Jf,:i)i f.Hht1t -9Jf iE :-1. .... -tit: i!b :om .t!:­oe ]R'JI"J':s<;:'-'f;;t p

. OCTOBER 1997 --}(, }(, -c it--t }j

Halcrow China Ltd

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Highways Department Major Works Project Management Office Kennedy Road Improvements and' Queen's Lines Link

Environmental Impact Assessment Report Final Executive Summary

Contents

. Chapter

1

2

3

INTRODUCTION

PROPOSED ROAD IMPROVEMENT SCHEME

IMPACT ASSESSMENT

3.1 . 3.2

3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6

Construction Noise Construction Dust Site Run-off Operational Traffic Noise Existing Trees Potential Ecological Impact

4 MITIGATION MEASURES

4.1 Construction Noise 4.2, Construction Dust 4.3 Site Run~off 4.4 Operation Traffic Noise 4.5 Existing Trees 4.6 Ecological Impact 4.7 Residual Impacts and Indirect Mitigatiori

5 CUMULATIVE NOISE IMPACTS

6 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND AUDIT

7 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

7.1 Conclusions 7.2 Recommendations·

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List of Figures

Figure 1 Works Limit of Proposed Road Improvement Works·

Figure 2 Preliminary Construction Programme

Figure 3 2015 Traffic Figures

Figure 4 Noise Sensitive Receivers and Representative Sensitive Facades

Figure 5 . Pla~ting Plan

Figure 6 Possible Sites for Installing Bat Roost Boxes

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" 1 INTRODUCTION

The existing hazardous bend in front of the Electric House reduces road capacity and induces road safety problems along the section of Kennedy Road between Monmouth Terrace and Borrett Road. The Kennedy Road Improvemen~ and Queen's Lines Link project (the Project) is to straighten this hazardous bend and to provide a new road linking Kennedy Road to Justice Drive as an alternative route for traffic between Mid-Levels and Central. Figure 1 shows the layout of the Project.

in view of the close proximity of the noise sensitive receivers (NSRs) to the proposed road improvement works and the extensive tree felling in the study area to make way for the roadwork, the Environmental Protection Department (EPD) called for an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) to address primarily the noise and ecological issues and to propose necessary mitigation measures.

2 PROPOSED ROAD IMPROVEMENT SCHEME

The proposed road improvement works comprise the construction of (a) a 4-lane bridge about 135 m in length to realign Kennedy Road in front of the Electric House, (b) a dual 2-lane road connection of about 400 m in length between Kennedy Road and Justice Drive (Queen's Lines Link). and (c) associated roadworks, drainage works, slope works and landscaping works. Figure 1 shows the layout of the Project. Figure 2 gives the preliminary construction programme for the road improvement works, which are scheduled for completion in 26 months, commencing from February 1998.

A comprehensive traffic survey has been conducted for Kennedy Road, Kennedy Road Bridge, Victoria Barracks Link, Justice Drive, Supreme Court Road and Borrett Road. According to the traffic prediction, 2015 will be the year when the traffic reaches the highest flow within a period of 15 years after opening of the Project. Traffic growth after this year will saturate. Also, the daily traffic peak in the Study Area occurs in the AM period. As such, the subsequent noise impact assessment has been based on the AM p'eak hour traffic in 2015. Figure 3 shows the breakdown of traffic flow for 2015.

3 IMPACT ASSESSMENT

. 3.1 Construction Noise

Construction of the Project will inevitably produce consiruction noise from the use of powered mechanical equipment on site and the haulage traffic on- and off-site. The construction noise levels are predicted to exceed the non-statutory daytime noise limit of 75dB(A)Leq (30 min) by 1 to 5dB(A) at residential dwellings DH-A, '2MMT, MST, MMP, SUT, RC-A, 21MP, 2188, NMMT, STI1, STT2, CMFA, BWP, 10BW and FT as shown in Figure 4. With regard to the educational establishments, NSRs CIS and WEEC, the highest predicted noise levels is 77 dB(A) Leq (30 min) of 7 dB(A) above the noise criterion. As a result, construction noise impacts are considered to be'

significant and appropriate mitigation measures are required to alleviate the impacts.

3.2 Construction Dust

3.3

The improvement works will also generate construction dust from various . earth moving activities, stockpiling and haulage of construction materials.

Large dust particles tend to fall out within, 10 to 30 metres of the construction sites. but finer particles c~n be easily dispersed to over 100 metres from the site, causing more dust nuisances and environmental health problems to the Air Sensitive Receivers (ASRs) .. Given that most of the ASRs are located on higher ground than the roads, the impacts are unlikely to be adverse because of dust fallout.

There are a few isolated ASRs which are below the levels of the road works. For example, the lower floors of Dragon House, STT1 and STT2 are below the level of Kennedy Road, but these receivers are over 70m away from the road works and the dust particles should have fallen out before reaching these receivers. Regent on the Park is close to the road works, but this receiver does not rely on open windows for ventilation, thus the'impact is likely to be minimal.

Site Run-off

The discharge of untreated sewage or surface run-off from the site could contaminate surface water, if uncontroli'ed .. Accidental spillage of fuel oil and chemicals, e.g. solvent, can contaminate run-off. Likely impacts include discoloration, turbidity plumes, and depletion of dissolved oxygen and other aesthetic effects on the receiving water bodies.

3.4 , Operational Traffic Noise,

According to the monitoring and noise modelling results, it is apparent that the existing noise sensitive developments along Kennedy Road are likely 'to suffer from high traffic noise levels. NSRs situated further away from Kennedy Road (e.g. NSRs at Bowen Drive and Barrett Road), however, enjoy a quieter noise environment.

The predicted traffic noise levels in peak hour traffic flow of Year 2015 at the existing NSRs, as indicated in Figure 4, range from 53 to 73 dB(A) L 10 (1 hr), representing noise exceedances up to 3 dB(A) from the noise criteria

, at NSRs RC-B, RC-C, MC-A, SAC and 62KR. The impacts are mainly due to high peak hour traffic flows (i.e. 2599 vehjhr) on the existing Kennedy Road in 2015.

Given that the predicted noise levels at the identified NSRs are in excess of the HKPSG criteria, noise mitigation measures should be considered to remedy the adverse noise en)lironment.

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3.5

3.6

With regard to the representative planned NSR Pl in the design year 2015, the predicted traffic noise level at P1 is 74 dB(A) L10 (1 hr). which is in excess of the HKPSG criterion by 4 dB(A),

Existing Trees

The project involves the straightening of a winding section of Kennedy Road with a new section of the road on structure, and provision of a: road link between Justice Drive and Kennedy Road. The Project will involve extensive felling of trees in the secondary woodland between Kennedy Road and Justice Drive.

The vertical and horizontal alignment of all elements of each of the separate elements of the scheme, together with the proposed structural form of the bridge and retaining structures, have been examined in detail to minimise the effect on the existing trees, with the very tight physicalconstrairits of the existing site. ,

A total of 514 no. of trees surveyed could be retained in position on site. However, in an attempt to retain as many trees as possible on site, som.e of ,these will require special works to be undertaken including crown pruning for 21 nos., root pruning for 20 nos. and root over filling for 46 nos.

A total of. 407 no. of trees will be affected by the proposed works, lying either within the area of the new carriageway, directly under the elevated bridge structure, or would have the majority of their root systems disturbed by the excavation works to build the highway, and retaining structures,

As most of the, trees affected are situated on steep slopes it would not be possible for them to be successfully transplanted and only some 29 no. of trees which currently lie alongside Kennedy Road and Justice Drive are suitable for transplanting. These include three very large banyan trees located at the top of Justice Drive.

The remaining 378 no. of trees will need to be felled. In addition 10 no. of dead trees unaffected by the works will also be removed.

Potential Ecological Impact

A series of surveys conducted in the site during the winter and spring seasons in 1996 and 1997 have revealed that patches of mature woodland on the site provide feeding and roosting habitat for birds, bats and squirrels. No other fauna of, conservation or regulatory' interest was recorded on the site.

The identified ecological impacts of the project are loss of woodland fauna habitat and roosting sites for insectivorous bats due to tree felling, building demolition and road construction.

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4 MITIGATION. MEASURES

4.1 Construction Noise

As discussed in Section 3.1, most of the NSRs are likely to be exposed to construction noise impacts exceeding the daytime construction criteria. Suitable noise mitigation measures such as use' of quieter alternative, minimisation of powered mechanical equipment on-site, and use of temporary noise screening 'structures, etc. should be provided. to protect the affect NSRs throughout the construction period in order that the non­statutory daytime noise limit will be met at all NSRs.

While it is not feasible to dictate the methods and exact schedule of . construction to be employed by the Contractor, noise control requirements

can be incorporated in the Contract Documents, specifying the noise standards to be met and requirements of noise monitoring on the site. A set of recommended pollution control. clauses has been provided in Final Report for incorporation into the Contract Documents. Also, details of the proposed noise monitoring and audit (EM&A) requirements are contained in the EM&A Manual.

4.2 Construction Dust

. While it is not envisaged that construction dust impacts would be adverse, appropriate dust control measures such as Wheel-washing periodic watering of the site, use of side boards and tarpaulin sheets, should be'included as much as practical.

4.3 Site Run-off

Provisions for water pollution control should be included in the Contract. The following measures are recommended:

• All stormwater run-off from the site during the construction sho.uld be routed through oil/grit separators and/or sediment basins/raps before being allowed to discharge into the nearby receiving waters.

• All stockpiles areas should be covered e.g. with tarpaulin and intercepting drains provided ,to prevent site run-off from washing across, exp0ged surfaces or stOCkpiled areas.

In addition, any effluent generated by the site workforce should be treated before disposal. All sewage discharges from the site s!lould meet the Technical Memorandum on Effluent Standards and approval frC!m EPD

, through the licensing process would be required.

4.4 Operation Traffic Noise

Apart from a few existing NSRs as described below, all predicted noise levels in 2015 .are within the HKPSG criteria for noise sensiiive. developments and therefore no mitigation measures are necessary.

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4.5

. 4.6

4.7

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NSRs RC-B, RC-C, MC-A, SAC and 62KR are exposed to high noise levels from the existing Kennedy Road in 2015. Direct technical remedies of the. . new roads are considered ineffective because the dominant noise contribution at these receivers are from existing roads.

As the dominant noise source of the planned NSR Pl, near the junction of Borrett Hoad and Kennedy Road, is from the existing roads, no direct technical remedies of the new roads could effectively mitigate the traffiC noise impacts. Therefore, development constraints such as building setback and .the use of carport underneath podium should be considered during the design stage of the development.

Existing Trees

The loss of native trees due to the Project and associated potential for effects on wildlife will be mitigated by the compensation tree planting proposals which have been prepared as part of the overall landscape proposals for the scheme as presented in details in the Tree Survey Report. In addition to trees to be transplanted back into the final layout, some 211 no. of new Standard and Heavy Standard size trees and 1590 no. of seedlings and whip size trees and tall shrubs will be planted within the scope of the works in compensation for those lost and to help screen the road' and re-establish the existing woodland landscape pattern. Figure 5

.shows the proposed tree planting plan for the Project.

Ecological Impact

Short-term impacts of woodland loss will be partially mitigated by transplanting some trees and planting new large trees, to provide some mature woodland canopy in the short-term. The long-term impacts of woodland loss and associated fauna habitat loss will be mitigated through replanting of appropriate native species on and around the road improvement ar~a.

As a short to medium term mitigation measure for insectivorous bats, the provision of bat boxes will be installed on trees within the sihl in area~ which will not be disturbed by construction. Figure 6 indicates some of the • possible locations for bat boxes. In the long4erm, these bats should be able to colonise new tree plantings, and possibly the Kennedy Road Bridge if suitable crevices are available.

For mitigation of impacts to other fauna, the Compensation Tree Planting Plan is considered to be adequate, pending the addition of tree and palm

. species which have been shown to be important to wildlife using the site.

Residual Impacts and Indirect Mitigation

As discussed above, the noise impacts at NSRs to the east of the Project· site (e.g. Royal Court, Monticello Court, Sakura Court and 62 Kennedy Road) arise mainly from traffic on the existing Kennedy Road. It is apparent that even with the installation of substantial noise screening structures (e.g.

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, partial or full enclosures) on the new road~, noise levelsare unlikely to be reduced to acceptable levels, As such, consideration should be given to indirect mitigation of Royal Court, M'onticello Court, ,Sakura Court and 62 Kennedy Road.

EPD's eligibility criteria have been applied to determine whether the above­mentioned' NSRs are qualified for consideration of indirect' technical remedies through the provision of acoustic insulation and room air' conditioners. However" no dwellings are eligible because the dominant noise source is the existing Kennedy Road.

The only residual ecological impact of'the project will be a small area of woodland which cannot be compensated on 'site due to space limitations. This residual impact is not considered serious enough to warrant off-site mitigation.

CUMULATIVE NOISE IMPACTS

The redevelopment of the Electric House (into an office building) has been scheduled to be commenced in January 1997 and completed by July 1998. As the redevelopment and the Project will be constructed concurrently, cumulative construction noise impacts due to these two projects have , therefore been assessed. According to the noise calculation results, the potential for' cumulative impacts is negligible. , '

, No cum'ulative operational noise impact is envisaged as no concurrent road projects are identified in the Project area,

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND AUDIT

An environmental monitoring and audit (EM&A) programme performs three functions. It ensures that noise from the construction of the project is kept within acceptable levels; it establishes procedures for checking the applicaticin and effectiveness of mitigation measures; and it provides the means by which compliance can be checked, exceedances documented, and corrective action recorded;

In view of the close proximity of ttie Kennedy Road Improvement and Queen's Lines Link to 'the identified NSRs, an EM&A programme is considered necessary during the construction period. The proposed EM&A programme for this Project which forms a part of this EIA is contained and described in a stand-alone document, Environmental Monitoring and Audit (EM&A) Manual.

Detailed monitoring schedules and audit requirements should be incorporated into the construction contract for the improvement of Kennedy Road and Queen's Lines Link. The clauses containing these schedules and requirements should' be formulated in consultation with EPD,

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7 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

7.1. Conclusions

Construction of the Project has been shown to cause significant noise' impacts on the noise sensitive receivers in the Study Area. The predicted maximum anticipated constructio'n noise levels are up to 81 dB(A) at the identified NSRs. However. the impacis can be mitigated through proper implementation of appropriate noise control measures and environmental monitoring programme during the construction of the Project.

Based on the projected traffic figures for 201.~, it has been predicted that the traffic noise levels at many of the existing NSRs are within the HKPSG noise criteria and therefore no mitigation measures are required. However, a few existing NSRs to the east of the Study Area are predicted to be exposed to noise levels exceeding the HKPSG criteria by 1-3 dB(A). As the main- noise contribution at these NSRs comes from the existing Kennedy Road, no effective direct technical remedies can be provided within the scope of the. Project. , Moreover, these affected NSRs are not eligible for indirect technical remedies according to eligibility criteria.

The planned NSR P1 in the Study Area is predicted to be adversely affected by the road traffic noise from the existing roads. Noise levels are expected to exceed the HKPSG criteria by as much as 4 dB(A) .• No effective direct' technical remedies can be provided for this site within the scope of the Project. For future development on this site, development constraints have been proposed for guidance to the future developer .

. Cumulative noise impacts from concurrent projects have been identified and considered. Cumulative construction noise jmpacts due to the construction of the Project and redevelopment of the 'Electric House have been assessed to be insignificant. No other road projects in the close vicinity have been identified and thus no cumulative operations. impact is anticipated.

The identified ecological impacts of the project are loss of some woodland and. fauna habitat. Short-term impacts will be partially mitigated ~y

additional tree plantings and' trans plantings. Long-term impacts of woodland loss and associated fauna habitat loss will be mitigated through

'replanting of appropriate native species on and around the· road improvement area. The potential loss of roosting sites for insectivorous bats due to tree felling and building demolition will be mitigated in the short to medium terms throu,gh provision of bat boxes on the site. In the long term, these bats should be able to colonise new tree plants and possibly the Kennedy Road Bridge. The only residual impact of the Project will be the loss of a small area of woodland which cannot be compensated on site due to space limitations. This residual impact is not considered serious enough to warrant off-site mitigation.

7

7.2 Recommendations

The following recommendations are made:

• Inclusion of pollution control clauses as recommended in Appendix C of the EIA Report to the' C;ontract Documents to control constructicin noise from the improvement works,

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Implementation of the EM&A programme as detailed in the EM&A Manual.

<' Reduction in number of manhole covers and valve chambers in the carriageway.

,Inclusion of development constraints in the development of the R2 site at junction of Borrett Road and Kennedy Road.

Implementation of the proposed Tree Felling Plan and Compensation Tree Planting Scheme.

P'rovision of bat boxes within the site as a short to medium terms mitigation measure.

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