J T Volk Fermilab April 2008

Ground Motion Studiesat Fermi National Accelerator

Laboratory

James T VolkApplications Physicist II

Vladimir Shiltsev, Shavkat Singatulin

J T Volk Fermilab April 2008

Fermilab

• 40 miles due west of Chicago Illinois

• World’s highest energy particle accelerator

• Site is 6800 acres, 10 sections, 2752 hectares

• The Tevatron 1 km radius tunnel 30 feet below surface

• Protons and anti protons collide at center of mass energy of 1.9 Tev

• Beam size is 0.1 mm

• Cultural noise is an issue

J T Volk Fermilab April 2008

Fermilab

• World’s highest energy particle accelerator

• Site is 6800 acres 10 sections 2752 hectares

• The Tevatron 1 km radius tunnel 30 feet below surface

• Protons and anti protons collide at center of mass energy of 1.9 Tev

• Beam size is 0.025 mm

• Cultural noise is an issue

Tevatron 1 km radius

J T Volk Fermilab April 2008

Fermilab

• World’s highest energy particle accelerator

• Site is 6800 acres 10 sections

• The Tevatron 1 km radius tunnel 30 feet below surface

• Protons and anti protons collide at center of mass energy of 1.9 Tev

• Beam size is 0.025 mm in diameter

• Cultural noise is an issue

EJ&E rail road

J T Volk Fermilab April 2008

Future projects at Fermilab

Project X is an 8 GeV Linear Accelerator To replace old LINAC And booster

Muon Collider is a High intensity muon andNeutrino facility

J T Volk Fermilab April 2008

International Linear Collider

Two linear accelerators each 15 miles long colliding electrons and anti electrons.Beam size nanometers (10-9 meters). Cultural and natural sources of noise willcause problems such as beam dispersion and lower luminosity (particles /cm2 sec).Two tunnels are proposed one for the accelerator and the other for power supplies.The US proposed site is at Fermilab in Illinois.

J T Volk Fermilab April 2008

Ground motion at Fermilab

All these accelerators andDetectors are sensitive toCultural noise traffic, HVAC,water, and, vacuum pumps.

Natural noise tides, earth quakesmotion due to ground water

J T Volk Fermilab April 2008

Simple HLS system

h1

h2

J T Volk Fermilab April 2008

Simple HLS system

h1

h2

J T Volk Fermilab April 2008

Plumbing

• There are two types of systems• Fully filled or two pipe systems

– Two pipes one for water one for air– The water pipe can change in elevation i.e. snake around

obstacles– Temperature variations can effect data

• Half filled or one pipe system– One pipe must be level– Problems with air bubbles and water blocks– Less dependence on temperature and pressure variation

J T Volk Fermilab April 2008

Hydro static water Level SystemsHLSBUDKER sensor

Accuracy 1 micrometerCost $1200 per channelUltra sonic sensor better than 1 micrometer$3500 per channel

Capacitive sensor

Water pool

On stand with water and Air line connections

J T Volk Fermilab April 2008

Fermilab HLS sensors

Balluff proximity sensor

Air line

Water line

Accuracy 6 micrometersCost $120 - $140 per channel

J T Volk Fermilab April 2008

HLS systems at Fermilab

• Fermilab system installed on all quads in Tevatron 204 sensors covers 6 kilometers

• 4 BUDKER sensors in MINOS hall 100 meters below grade on top of Galena Platteville dolomite. We have added 3 more sensors at 90 degrees with respect to original line.

• 5 sensors in LaFarge mine in North Aurora Illinois 120 meters below ground in Galena Platteville dolomite (down at present time moving to new drift)

• 11 Fermilab sensor in NMS hall• 7 sensors on the low beta quads at both B0 and D0 collision halls• 40 sensors on Tevatron quads in B sector (no longer operational) • 40 sensors in MI-8 beam line (no longer operational)

J T Volk Fermilab April 2008

MINOS System

Long base line Neutrino experimentAt Fermilab with Neutrinos are also Detected at Soudan Mine in Minnesota

100 meters below Grade on top of Galena PlattevilleDolomite

4 sensors 30 meters Apart along western wall

J T Volk Fermilab April 2008

Layout of MINOS water level

MINOS detector

30 meters30 meters30 meters

Not to scale

direction

Sensor

Water line

Depth of floor 100 meters below grade406 feet above sea level Maquoketa shale

Location of Horizontal andVertical seismometer New

sensors

J T Volk Fermilab April 2008

MINOS Tidal DataDifference in two sensors 90 meters apart

Pressure Kpsa

difference

J T Volk Fermilab April 2008

January 2006 MINOS Difference in two sensors 90 meters apart

temperature

J T Volk Fermilab April 2008

January 2006 MINOS Difference in two sensors 90 meters apart

J T Volk Fermilab April 2008

Sump Pump test

J T Volk Fermilab April 2008

Difference in two sensors 90 meters apart MINOS hall

27 months of data

J T Volk Fermilab April 2008

Subsidence and Tremors

J T Volk Fermilab April 2008

LaFarge Mine North Aurora

There is a dolomitemine 7 km from the MINOS hall.It is in the GalenaPlatteville layer125 meters below the surface.It is room and pillarConstructionThere are 5 HLSsensors in an abandoneddrift in the mine.

J T Volk Fermilab April 2008

Difference in two sensors 60 meter apart

J T Volk Fermilab April 2008

Difference in two sensors150 meters apart 18 months of data

J T Volk Fermilab April 2008

Summary

• There are several HLS system taking data at Fermilab

• The data are available at http://dbweb1.fnal.gov:8100/ilc/ILCGroundApp.py/index

• There are natural sources of motion tides for example

• There are cultural sources such as sump pumps• Plans for new systems in the works