JUDAISM

WHO ARE THEIR GOD/GODS/LEADERS Abraham said: There is only one god he

creates everything The god has relationship with people on

Earth God listens and speaks to people through

prayers 3 main things in their life, God, Torah and Israel The leaders where men and women Chosen by god as prophets to learn and

teach The 12 tribes were headed by princes Also had judges, kings & rabbis as leaders Rabbis has been religious leaders in

orthodox Only men where allowed but with time

women came too They must start praying at the age of 3

WHAT WAS THE HOLOCAUST?

Since 18th century in Europe/USA Jews have suffered Less official persecution Anti-Semitism still exists Worst Anti-Semitism took place in the 20th century In 1930 the Nazi gained control in Germany During the second world war Killed all Jews that lived in countries owned by Germany Killed 6 million Jews Hebrew= Shoah (holocaust) Means ‘whirlwind’ From the 19th century Jews began to come back After the holocaust the United Nation voted that part of

Palestine must become the State of Israel Which is now where most Jews live

JUDAISM CUSTOMSFollows > certain dietary laws = KosherKosher = ritually correct > Jewish lawsDiet laws = no meat + no shell fishMeat + Dairy must be <separated>Meat > obtained = healthy animal slain

> ritualDeath = burial + Shiva ceremony > 7

daysShiva = mourning + prayer > KaddishMarriage under Huppa = Kosher

marriageHuppa = canopy = union < bride +

groomDivorce = wife receives “get” from

husbandWrit of divorce = “get” < only wife gets

one

JUDAISM RELIGION

Two religions > observe Sabbath and attend SynagogueSabbath or Shabbet = day of restSabbath= Friday > Saturday= praying, family

meetingSynagogue on Sabbath= church + service heldBoys > 8 days old > circumcisedTwo high holidays= Rosh Ha-Shanah + Yom

KippurTishri ( Sept. or Oct.) first 2 days = Rosh Ha-

ShanahYom Kippur= day of regret + hopeFollows > Hebrew Calendar= 12 months < moonHebrew Calendar= Tishri, Heshvan, Kislev, Tebet,

Shebet, AdarHebrew Calendar= Nisan, Iyar, Sivan, Tammuz,

Ab, Elul

WHAT DOES THIS RELIGION BELIEVE?

One god-creates everything Communicate with god through prayer Sacred text-Torah Torah- most important part of Jewish Bible All Jews – what they do more important than

what they believe Some Jews- land of Israel most important

part of being Jewish-called Zionists

(CONTINUED)

1 day God will send Messiah to earth – lead them/defeat enemies

Messiah = special person Jewish Sabbath-day of worship (Sundown Fri.-

Nightfall Sat.) Two texts- Hebrew Bible+ Talmud Torah=laws/history Talmud-guide to laws Jews live by

WHAT ARE THE MAJOR HOLIDAYS

High Holy Days=H.H.D Jewish New Year- Rosh Hashana Rosh Hashana -First day of High Holy Days H.H.D. – put right what you do wrong Last Day of H.H.D- Yom Kippur Yom Kippur-fast from sunset to sunset Restrictions- Yom Kippur- no leather shoes+

no washing/bathing +no oils

(CONTINUED)

Hanukkah 8 day celebration in Nov./Dec. Since 200 B.C.E Games- Driedel= Spinning Top Food cooked in oil- Jam Doughnut/ Latkes Light a candle on Menorah for 8 nights Menorah = special candle stand

HOW DID JUDAISM START? Abraham = father of Jewish religion Abraham 1st to worship 1 god only Abram + wife ~ journey led by god Abram circumcised himself ( to mark covenant) during journey God changed Abram + wife’s names -> Abraham + Sarah ( h is for god) Christianity + Islam branched from Judaism One of oldest religions + 1st believe in 1 god

WHAT RELIGIOUS TEXT ARE THERE?

Talmud= Jewish religions + civil lawsTalmud 2nd to bible Mishnal = written Jewish oral law (written A.D -200)Gemara = explanations of mishnal law + debatesMishnal + Gemara = Talmud1st 5 books of bible = Torah ( most important script)Torah = laws of Judaism + history Jews ~ 1200 B.CJews believe Talmud laws as “ oral Torah”

Thank You!

BY: KIANA YARZADEHAnson LawJustin Ho

Shiv Parekh