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Jain PE Piping System, p17_old pipes

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Page 1: Jain PE Piping System, p17_old pipes
Page 2: Jain PE Piping System, p17_old pipes
Page 3: Jain PE Piping System, p17_old pipes

Contents01 The Corporation 01

02 Corporate Philosophy 03

03 Jain PE Pipes 04

04 Jain PE Pipes - Design Details & Technical Characteristics 07

05 Jain PE Pipes – Advantages 18

06 Jain PE Pipes – Applications 19

07 Jain PE Pipes for Potable Water Supply 20

08 Jain Insta Tracer Pipe - For precise location after underground burial 25

09 Jain PE Pipes for House Service Connection 26

10 Jain PE Pipes for Disposal Systems 29

11 B-Sure PE Gas Pipes 34

12 Jain PE Landfill Extraction Pipes 39

13 Jain PE Pipe for Sprinkler & Farm Irrigation System 41

14 Jain Silicoat PE OFC Ducts 42

15 B-Sure Corrugated HDPE Pipes and Fittings 46

16 Jain PE – Fittings 50

17 Turnkey Solutions and Project Execution 53

18 Jain PE – Jointing Methods 54

19 Jain PE – Installation Methods 57

20 Jointing – Do’s and Don’ts 67

21 Frequently Asked Questions 73

22 List of Major Customers 92

23 Application Photographs 93

24 Chemical Resistance Chart 100

25 Material Safety Data Sheet 103

26 Specification, Standards & Product Performance Certifications 106

27 Conversion Factors & Formulas 108

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Jain Irrigation Systems Ltd. (JISL) derives its name from the pioneering work it did for the Micro Irrigation Industry in India. However, there is more to Jain Irrigation than Irrigation.

Jain Piping Division is the largest producer of Thermoplastic piping systems for all conceivable applications with pipes ranging from 3 mm to 1600 mm in diameter and in pressure ratings ranging from 1.00 kgf/cm² to 16 kgf/cm² and above. JISL has a production capacity of over 2,00,000 M.T. per annum and the only manufacturer to own DSIR approved R&D setup with state of the art facilities.

The pipes are manufactured confirming to IS, DIN, ISO, ASTM, TEC and other customised specifications.

Micro-Irrigation Division manufactures full range of precision-irrigation products, provides services from soil survey, engineering design to agronomic support and nurtures a sprawling 2300 acre Hi-Tech Agri Institute. It undertakes turnkey projects for total agricultural development. Division’s pool of over 800 agri scientists, technologists and technicians are well equipped to render consultancy for complete or partial project planning and implementation e.g. Watershed or Wasteland and/or Crop Selection and Rotation.

Tissue Culture Division fully makes Grand Nain Banana plantlets and has established vast primary and secondary hardening facilities and R&D labs.

Agricultural and Fruit processing wastes are converted into Organic Manure. Neem-based pesticides are also formulated. Both are critical inputs for Organic Farming.

Agro Processed Products Division processes tropical fruits into purees, concentrates, juices, while Dehydration facility dehydrates Onions & Vegetables.

The Piping Division also includes PVC range of Pipes and Fittings catering to the urban and rural infrastructure needs of the country apart from irrigation needs of the farmers.

Plastic sheet division’s globally marketed products help conserve forests by providing alternative to wood in home building markets.

Solar Energy Heating and Lighting Equipments and Bio-Energy sources are new additions.

In a nutshell, the Corporation is the only ‘one-stop-shop’ encompassing manufacturing and marketing of hi-tech agricultural inputs and piping services as well as processing of agri produce. No wonder, it has distinguished itself as a leader in the domestic as well as global markets.

The corporate product range improves productivity and adds value to the agri-sector. Conservation of scarce Natural resources, protection and improvement of environment emerge as wholesome blessings. Corporation has 16 manufacturing plants and numerous offices across the globe.

The Corporation has pioneered and raised a new Micro Irrigation industry in India and thereby helped harbinger Second Green Revolution.

The reward has been over millions of smiling farmers and scores of other customers in 107 countries.

The Corporation...

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Corporate Philosophy

Mission :

Leave this world better than you found it.

Vision :

Establish leadership in whatever we do at home and abroad.

Credo :

Serve and strive through strain and stress;

Do our noblest, that’s success.

Goal :

Achieve continued growth through sustained innovation for total customer satisfaction and fair return to all other stakeholders. Meet this objective by producing quality products at optimum cost and marketing them at reasonable prices.

Guiding Principle :

Toil and sweat to manage our resources of men, material and money in an integrated, efficient and economic manner. Earn profit, keeping in view commitment to social responsibility and environmental concerns.

Quality Perspective :

Make quality a way of life.

Work Culture :

Experience : ‘Work is life, life is work.’

Guidelines :

Customer and Market

• Commit to total customer satisfaction.

• Build and maintain market leadership.

Quality Excellence

• Strive continually to reach and maintain quality in every aspect.

Safety and Health

• Secure safety and health of associates and other assets.

Environment and Society

• Protect, improve and develop environment

• Cherish the symbiosis and nurture creative partnership between society and environment.

Development of Other Stakeholders

• Adopt transparency and fair practices for continuous sustainable growth.

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What is Polyethylene?

When scientists first experimented with a reaction between ethylene and benzaldehyde using two thousand atmospheres of internal pressure, their experiment went askew when all the pressure escaped due to a leak in the testing container. On opening the tube they were stunned to find a white waxy substance that looked a lot like some form of plastic. After repeating the experiment, they discovered that the loss of pressure was not due to a leak at all, but was a result of the polymerization process. The residue polyethylene (PE) resin was a milky white, translucent substance derived from ethylene (CH2=CH2). Polyethylene was produced with low to high density.

Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) has a density ranging from 910.0 to 930.0 kg/cm². The molecules of LDPE have a carbon backbone with side groups of four to six carbon atoms attached randomly along the main backbone. LDPE is the most widely used of all plastics, because it is inexpensive, flexible, extremely tough, and chemical-resistant. LDPE is molded into bottles, garment bags, frozen food packages, and plastic toys.

High-density polyethylene (HDPE) has a density that ranges from 940.0 to 970.0 kg/cm². Its molecules have an extremely long carbon backbone with no side groups. As a result, these molecules align into more compact arrangements, accounting for the higher density. HDPE is stiffer, stronger, and less translucent than low-density polyethylene. HDPE is formed into car fuel tanks, packaging and of course piping.

Jain PE Pipes

Production of 1600 mm diameter PE pipe PN6

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Polyethylene Pipe

Polyethylene was first developed in 1933 as a flexible, low density coating and insulating material for electrical cables. It played a key role during World War II - first as an underwater cable coating and then as a critical insulating material for such vital military applications as radar insulation. Because of its light weight, radar equipment was easier to carry on a plane, which allowed the out-numbered Allied aircraft to detect German bombers under difficult conditions such as nightfall and thunderstorms.

High density polyethylene, however, is quite a bit different from the polyethylene used in the 1930s. LDPE was discovered in 1935 and it wasn’t until sixteen years later in 1951 that high density polyethylene appeared on the scene. As a relatively newcomer in the piping industry, polyethylene is constantly making its way into applications normally reserved for the older piping technologies.

It was not until after the World War, though, that the material became a preferred choice with consumers and from that point on, its rise in popularity has been almost unprecedented. Since the late 1950s and early 1960s, polyethylene has made its way into every corner of our lives launching a multi-billion dollar industry. It became the first plastic in the United States to be sold more than a billion pounds a year and it is currently the largest volume plastic in the world. This is partly due to the fact that there are

Jain PE Pipes

certain characteristics (or combinations of characteristics) of high density polyethylene that make it an attractive alternative.

Whether it is an issue of installing a new piping system or rehabilitating an existing system, there are certain requirements placed on the piping material: that it be simple to install, that it doesn’t leak or cost a lot to maintain, and will last a very long time. Effectively, as long as polyethylene can satisfy these demands better than any other material, it will continue its gain in popularity.

PE Family

In the first generation of PE the curve at 60°C and 80°C always showed a knee before 10,000 h, making it possible to calculate the coordinates of the knee at 20°C by extrapolation. They were generally stiff polymers of high density, but unsatisfactory environmental stress crack resistance (ESCR) at 50°C. With the second (PE80 since 1980) and third (PE100 since 1990) generations of PE there is no knee anymore at 60°C and even at 80°C, with hardly any brittle failure ever before 10,000 h.

With second generation (medium density PE80) the ESCR is improved by increasing the chain branching and lowering the density as much as possible. The creep resistance is decreased to its lowest possible value in order to optimize ESCR; the knee

Normally metal pipe after 30 to 40 years will become like this Normally PE Pipe after 50 years will remain same as a new one

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If you are looking for rugged dependability, light weight, long lasting service, trouble-free installation, flexibility, superior flow rates, high chemical resistant and extremely high corrosion resistance without compromising on efficiency Jain PE piping systems are the perfect solution.

If you want to know about this piping system, please contact us and we will gladly answer any of your questions.

Applications of Jain PE pipes

Liquid Gas Solid OtherWater Supply Gas Piping Dredging Electrical Conduits

Drainage & Sewers Land-fill Gas Extractions Mining Telecom Cable DuctsIndustrial Liquids, Chemicals Ventilation Manholes

Marine Works, Sea Water Intake and Outfall

CulvertsGeothermal Heating

Perforated Pipes

For over twenty-five years we have manufactured plastic pipe for a wide range of industrial, commercial and residential applications. Some of the more popular applications of our PE pipe include Gas pipes, Water mains, Sewers, Drainage and Cable duct.

Jain PE Pipes

Jain Irrigation manufactures PE Pipe and Corrugated plastic pipe for Pipe line networks of Gas, Liquid, Solids & Other applications.

What we refer to as PE pipe - also known as Poly Pipe, PE pipe or Polyethylene pipe - is manufactured by extrusion technology in sizes ranging from 3 mm to 1600 mm diameter.

Colour Coding for PE pipes

Sr. No. Colour Application References

1. Black with blue stripes or Blue Water Supply IS 4984

2. Black Sewer/ Drainage/ Effluent IS 14333

3. Gray Treated Effluent General Practice

4. Black with Red stripes Fire Fighting Water General Practice

5. Yellow, Orange or Black Natural Gas Distribution IS 14885

Jointing of PE Pipeline of 280 mm size for Cairn Energy, Barmer

Page 9: Jain PE Piping System, p17_old pipes

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Why Choose Jain PE Pipe?

Choosing the right kind of piping material for your project is not easy when you require Strength, Durability as well as Light weight, Flexibility for easy handling and installation along with Earthquake resistance. As a total piping solution therefore, Jain PE Pipe is chosen above all others.

Jain PE Pipes

Until plastic was invented, this was not even a consideration. Piping users were limited to one of two possibilities: either concrete or metal, both of which were strong with limited durability, but difficult to handle and to install due to their weight and stiffness. Prior to the invention of polyethylene in the 1950s, plastic pipe was easy enough to handle and to install, but limited in strength and durability. That all changed with polyethylene. Piping customer now had the best of both worlds, with one added bonus. Not only was PE pipe durable and easy to install, it could be homogeneously joined together by heat fusion making it completely leak free.

Leak Statistics in Water Distribution Pipes

Pipe Material Installed km % of network Number of Leaks % leaks Leaks / 1000 km

Steel 16379 52.1 3337 70.0 203.7

Polyethylene 2240 7.1 58 1.2 25.9

PVC-U 5416 17.2 848 17.8 156.6

Asbestos cement 7395 23.5 522 11.0 70.6

To select the right piping solution for any project, we provide all kinds of technical specifications and support. In addition to the various dealers that we have, our team is ready to assist you with your technical and design questions. You can also contact by e-mail: [email protected] or postal address: Jain Plastic Park, N.H.No.6, Bambhori, P.O.Box 72, Jalgaon - 425 001, Maharashtra, Phone no. +91-257-225 8011.

Installation of Cross Country PE Pipeline

Page 10: Jain PE Piping System, p17_old pipes

7

Jain PE Pipes - Design Details & Technical Characteristics

before 50 years @ 20°C disappeared, but the short-term resistance decreased due to the lower density.

In third generation (high density PE80 and PE100) ESCR is improved by branching only the long chains, thereby not decreasing the density (maintaining stiffness / creep resistance). Short chain branches inserted on the longer molecules ensure an efficient increase of the resistance to stress cracking in the long term, while creep resistance is maintained through high density (no branches on short chains that crystallize easily).

Property of HDPE Pipes

Surface feel Waxy

Usual colour Black

Sound when dropped Clatter

Combustibility Bright flame : Drops continue to burn while falling

Odour of smoke after flame is extinguished Like candles

Nail test impression Impression possible

Floats on water Yes

Notch sensitivity No

Method of permanent joining Fusion

Linear expansion in/in/0F 9x10-5

Thermal conductivity kcal/mh0C 0.36 to 0.438

Specific heat kcal/mh0C 0.42

Density kg/m³ 940.0 to 958.4 (Base Density)

Tensile strength at 200C MPa 20-26

Modules of elasticity at 200C MPa 900

PE Classification ISO 4427 - 2007(E).

Designation

PE100

PE80

PE63

PE40

PE 100

In the early 1990s, a new type of PE material was developed in Europe with higher hoop strength giving rise to the PE100 classification. These materials are sometimes termed bimodal or 3rd generation because of the two stage polymerization process used to produce them. PE100 materials produce stronger pipes which are used for higher pressure operation in gas and water distribution systems.

A design engineer may wish to apply a greater safety factor depending on operating conditions and environmental considerations.

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S.No. Features Characteristics1 Life Expectancy PE Pipe has a Life Expectancy of 50 - 100 years.

2 Design Value of Frictional coefficient

Measurement Formula Typical Design ValueAbsolute Roughness Colebrooke 0.000005 ft.Friction Factor “C” Hazen Williams 150 - 155Roughness Coefficient Manning Equation 0.009

Remains constant throughout its life span

3 Joint PE pipe is normally joined by butt fusion method which creates a joint that is as strong or stronger than the pipe itself, and is virtually leak free.

4 Leak Proof Butt-fused joints create a homogenous, monolithic joint leading to leak proof system.

5 Corrosion Resistance & Biological Effects

Does not rust, rot, or corrode. Jain PE pipes are non-conducting and inert and hence immune to galvanic and electrochemical corrosion. Jain PE pipes do not rust or corrode, both inside and outside. PE pipes do not degrade due to biological effects. They are not digestible and do not contain ingredients that would attract animals like rodents. The exceptionally smooth and flexible surfaces of the Jain PE pipes do not offer any abrasion effects to rodent’s teeth like steel, CI and DI pipes.

6 Chemical Resistance PE pipe has excellent chemical resistance.

7 UV Protection Black PE pipe containing 2 to 3.0% carbon black can be safely used outside in the sun without damage from UV exposure.

8 Impact & Toughness Tough and good Impact Resistance.

9 Pressure Ratings & Dia.

PE pipe is available in various sizes upto 1600 mm dia. and pressure ratings of PN-2.5, PN-4, PN-6, PN-8, PN-10, PN-12.5 & PN-16 ( PN = kgf/cm²)

10 Lightweight It is lighter than Metal or Concrete pipe.It is easier to handle & install as compared to above materials.

11 Flexibility PE pipe can be bent to a minimum radius of 25 times the pipe diameter. This flexibility of PE pipe allows it to be curved under, over & around obstacles as well as directional changes.

12 Abrasion Resistance Good abrasion resistance as compared to other pipe. The performance ratio is 3:1 in favour of PE

Asbe

stos

cem

ent p

ipe

3.02.52.01.51.00.50

Load

cyc

les

N

Abrasion (mm)

Fibr

e gl

ass

re

info

rced

pip

e

Conc

rete

pip

e

Clay

Pip

e

PVCPE

200

000

400

000

600

000

13 Coiled Pipe PE pipe is also available in coil form upto 140mm dia. with specific SDR.

Jain PE Pipes Design Details & Technical Characteristics

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S.No. Features Characteristics

14 Earth quake / Soil settlement resistance

Found good in case of earth quake and soil settlement. Jain PE pipes have excellent resistance to Environmental Stress Cracking which is due to the combined actions of stress and the environment. The strain ability of Jain PE pipes under stress is higher than any conventional pipes, thereby the pipes never fail due to prism loads and soil settlement due to seasonal changes.

15 Water HammerThe water hammer effect in the Jain PE pipes are the lowest when compared to conventional pipes for similar operating conditions, thereby reducing the number of safety appurtenances necessary in the system as well the cost of maintenance.

16 Average E-Modulus (Mpa) 900 to 1200 Mpa.

Temperature Effect

Jain PE pipes perform well over a wide range of temperatures ranging from -40°C to 45°C for pressure applications and upto 80°C for non-pressure gravity-flow applications. However for higher temperature applications, suitable pressure de-ratings should be applied.

Exposed to sunlight installations of Jain PE pipes will be subjected to temperature rise and fall during day and night which will cause pipe to change in length as it expands and contracts. Proper precautions should be taken for these linear expansions and contractions to avert damages to the pipe joints. System design should accommodate changes in the pipeline due to linear expansion or contraction. Expansion joints should not be used unless they are specially designed for PE pipe systems. In case of above-ground and over head installations exposed to direct sunlight consult JISL Engineer or authorized dealer for proper installation techniques to be adopted.

Temperature De-rating of PE Pipes (as per IS: 4984-1995 specifications)

ServiceTemperature

Multiplication factor for Pressure rating

Pres

sure

Coe

ffic

ient

Temperature °C

20

1.40

1.20

1.00

25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65

0.80

0.60

0.40

0.20

20°C 1.2425°C 1.1230°C 1.0035°C 0.8840°C 0.7645°C 0.6450°C 0.5255°C 0.4060°C 0.2863°C 0.18

Jain PE Pipes Design Details & Technical Characteristics

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Regression Curves (Stress / Time curves)

PE 80

PE 100

Minimum Required Strength (MRS) and Design Stress

The MRS (Minimum Required Strength) classification of pipe is based on a 50 year life-cycle. This does not mean that the pipe will fail at 50 years, because the design stress is calculated using the 97.5% lower confidence limit of the predicted stress, coupled with a minimum safety factor of 1.25 (for water). Consequently when in service, the pipe is operating well below the stress that would cause a failure at 50 years and the actual failure time due to creep is likely to be only after hundreds of years.

Jain PE Pipes Design Details & Technical Characteristics

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All plastic materials used for the manufacture of pipeline systems are classified in accordance with ISO.

Classification is achieved by testing pipe samples at different temperatures and internal pressures and recording the time to failure. The data is then extrapolated in accordance with ISO TR 9080 in order to predict the stress over 50 years. This classification system is based on the predicted minimum required strength (MRS), which is the hydraulic stress that would cause failure after 50 years.

The MRS value increases at lower temperatures and vice versa. When designing pipelines for use at temperatures above 23°C the correct MRS value must be therefore be used for the given operating temperature.

Since these regression curves are the root of the science of plastic piping, a somewhat detailed description is given below.

At a fixed temperature the pipe is put under a fixed hoop stress “s” and the failure time “t” is measured. A whole range of hoop stresses is investigated (from 2 to 20MPa, depending on the polymer and the temperature), resulting in a whole range of failure times (from 1 to 10,000 hours). The regression curve is calculated as log s = f (log t)

The long term hydrostatic strength sLTHS is the predicted mean strength at a given temperature, calculable over the whole range of time (from 1h to 50 years). It is extrapolated from the 20/40/60/80 degree C curves (failure times measured from 1 hour to 10,000 hours = 416 days).

At 60°C and / or 80°C it may be possible to observe the knee before 10000 hours but at 20°C the knee should not be observed before 10000 h - it can only be known through extrapolation. As the behaviour of a resin can not be known before starting its regression curve, the exact failure times can not be predicted. In practice the creation of a regression could take 18 months or more.

The permissible design stress is obtained by applying a safety factor (1,25 - 2,5) to the projected burst strength at 50 years.

The failure can be either ductile (which corresponds to creep rupture) or brittle (which corresponds to environmental stress cracking). Ductile failure occurs at “high” hoop stress and gives a short failure time. Brittle failure occurs at “low” hoop stress and gives a long failure time. The two kinds of failure give rise to a linear curve made of two branches of different slope : almost horizontal for ductile failure (short failure time), and then steep for brittle failure (long failure time). The transition point between the 2 modes of failure, which is represented by a change of slope on the regression curve, is called the knee of the regression curve.

PVC as well as the latest grades of HDPE will not display a “knee” on the curves.

Ductile Failure

Ductile failure is a creep induced failure, or plastic deformation - the pipe stretches and deform itself under pressure. Ductile failure resistance can be enhanced by increasing the crystallinity and therefore the density of the polymer. The material is then stiffer.

In failure induced by creep, the failure time depends on the applied pressure. This means that a small change in pressure implies a large change in failure time.

Brittle Failure

Brittle failure is the result of (ageing induced) environmental stress cracking (slow crack growth) through the disentanglement of the polymeric chains. It can be prevented by increasing the entanglement (higher molecular weight, chain branching) time. On the contrary, environmental stress cracking / slow crack growth corresponds to an ageing induced degradation of the polymer. When the polymer becomes older, the polymeric chains disentangle themselves; micro cracks build and grow, so that the polymer loses its stress resistance.

Jain PE Pipes Design Details & Technical Characteristics

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12

Operating Pressure

Hoop Stress, Internal Pressure & Wall Thickness

Classification of Pipe Material

Sr. No.

Material Grade

MRS (Minimum Required Strength)

of Material in MPA, at 20°C, 50 Years

Maximum Allowable Hydrostatic Design Stress (r), MPa

Water

At 20°CWater

At 30°CFor sewage and

Industrial Efficient

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)

i) PE 63 6.3 5.0 4.0 3.0

ii) PE 80 8.0 6.3 5.0 4.0

iii) PE 100 10.0 8.0 6.3 5.0

Pressure Rating

Pipes shall be classified by pressure rating (PN) corresponding to the maximum permissible working pressure at 30°C, as follows:

Pressure Rating of Pipe (PN) 2.5 4 6 8 10 12.5 16

Maximum Permissible Working Pressure (MPa) 0.25 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.25 1.60

Wall Thickness

Minimum wall thicknesses in mm of the pipe has been calculated as follows and rounded off to the next higher 0.1 mm

S = P x d

2σ + P

where

P = maximum permissible working pressure in MPa at 30°C for 50 years of life;

d = nominal outside diameter in mm;

σ = specified maximum allowable hydrostatic design stress, in MPa at 30°C for 50 years of life.

The wall thickness of pipes are based on the maximum allowable hydrostatic design stress (σ) of 4.0, 5.0 and 6.3 MPa at 30°C water temperature for 50 years of life, for the three grades of materials. In case of variation in water temperature, the working pressure needs to be modified. However, occasional rise in temperature as in summer season with concurrent corresponding reduction in temperature during night has no deleterious efffects on the life and working pressure of the pipes.

Maximum wall thickness has been calculated as follows:

a) For pipes with an outside diameter less than or equal to 355 mm, maximum wall thickness = (1.1 x minimum wall thickness + 0.2 mm).

b) For pipes with outside diameter equal to or greater than 400 mm, maximum wall thickness = (1.15 x minimum wall thickness + 0.2 mm). rounded off to the next higher 0.1 mm.

Jain PE Pipes Design Details & Technical Characteristics

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13

Surge & Fatigue

It should be noted that thermoplastics such as modern HDPE and PVC-U respond to high rates of loading, i.e. as occurs with pressure transients, by exhibiting greater strength and stiffness. This is because the materials’ molecular chain structure reacts to resist the deformation. Hence, at high pressurisation rates pipes are better able to resist the higher stress levels associated with surge. The strength of the material will increase with high rates of loading.

Surge and fatigue are often combined as a collective term. However, although both phenomena arise from the same events (valves closing quickly, pump shut down etc.)

Typical values of E

Material E (MPa)

HDPE 800 - 1200

PP 800 - 900

PVC-U 3000 - 3500

GRP 10000 - 20000

Typical Physical Properties

Physical Properties Values Unit

Density (Base Density) 940.0 to 958.40 kg/m³

Melt Flow Index (190°C/2.16kg) < 0.3 g/10 min.

Melt Flow Index (190°C/5kg) 0.2 to 1.1 g/10 min.

Vicat Softening Point 120 - 130 °C

Crystalline Melting Range 130-133 °C

Viscosity Number 390 cm³/g

Mechanical Properties Values Unit

Shore D, Hardness 58 - 65 –

Tensile @ Yield 20 - 26 MPa

Ultimate Tensile 30 MPa

Ultimate Elongation at brack >600 %

Elastic Modulus 900 MPa

Flexural Stress (3.5% Deflection) 13.8 - 20.3 MPa

Notched Impact (Charpy) AcN 23°C 20 KJ/m²

Notched Impact (Charpy) AcN 30°C 6 KJ/m²

Thermal Stability 210°C >20 min.

Carbon Black content > 2 %

Benefits of PE 100

Operating Pressure

PE80 PE100 Material Saving % Gain in Cross section %

Gain in Capacity %

Water 10 bar SDR 11 SDR 17 33 16 35Gas •<= 4 bar SDR 11 SDR 17 35 17 24

Jain PE Pipes Design Details & Technical Characteristics

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14

PE 100 polymer pipe therefore provides the opportunity to choose either:• Higher operating working pressure• Thinner walls and therefore lighter pipe• Higher safety margin• Bigger cross sectional area and improved flow

Details of Properties & Effect - HDPE Pipes

Time Property Effect

Short term Ductility Impact Resistance to rapid crack growth (RCP)

Long Term Strength Resistance to Internal Pressure

Stiffness Resistance to Loading

Flexibility Deformation under Stress

Short & long term Chemical resistance (ESCR) Resistance to Slow Crack Growth

Relationship between Pipe Stiffness, Pipe Stiffness Factor and Pipe Ring Stiffness

Pipe Stiffness

PS = F/rYWhere - PS is pipe stiffness - F is the force necessary to deflect the pipe 5% - rY is the vertical deflection

This is usually expressed as kPa.

Pipe Stiffness Factor

PSF = EI/r³Where - PSF is the pipe stiffness factor - E is the elastic modulus of pipe material - I is the moment of inertia of the pipe wall - r is the pipe radius

Pipe Ring Stiffness

PRS = EI / D³Where - PRS is the pipe ring stiffness - E is the elastic modulus of pipe material - I is the moment of inertia of the pipe wall - D is the pipe diameter

Jain PE Pipes Design Details & Technical Characteristics

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Jain PE Pipes Design Details & Technical Characteristics

Relationships 0.149 PS = PSF = 8 PRS; PS = 6.71 PSF; PS = 53.69 PRS

Tabulation of relationship between PS, PSF and PRS

Pipe Stiffness Pipe Stiffness Factor Pipe Ring Stiffness

100 kPA 14.9 kN/m/m 1.860 kN / m / m

Design Guidelines1) Survey & Plot L-Section2) Calculate design discharge in LPS.3) Calculate Static Head between starting point & end point4) Finalise residual head required at discharge point5) Find out residual chemical in fluid flowing through pipe and it’s short term and long term effect on piping material

check suitability.6) Select appropriate Pipe Diameter. 7) Calculate Frictional Loss in Pipe.8) Calculate Frictional Loss in Fittings.9) Design in Telescopic Manner i.e. for next lower pressure class of pipe 10) Check surge / Water Hammer effect.11) Abrasion Resistance (if required)12) Check whether installation is Above or Below Ground or Under Water / Sea Water etc & give proper guidelines for installation.

Hydraulic FlowBecause of friction between the fluid and the pipe wall, there are pressure losses along a pipeline and hence the importance of this parameter in the design of the system.Hazen williams co-efficient for different pipe materialsOne method of expressing the roughness and flow in a pipeline is V = 0.849 C x R0.63 x S0.54

Where:C is the ‘Hazen Williams’ co-efficientV is velocity of flowR is the hydraulic radiusS is the head (or pressure ) loss

In the following table are the values for C for different pipe materials.

Pipe New 25 yrs old 50 yrs old 100 yrs old Badly corroded

HDPE, PP & PVC 150 150 150 150 130

Smooth concrete & FRC 150 100 80 NR 100

Steel - Bitumen Lined / Galvanised 150 100 80 NR 60

Cast Iron 130 100 80 NR 50

Vitrified Clay 120 90 80 NR 45

Note: NR-Not Recommend

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Water Hammer and Pressure Surge Considerations

Water Hammer in a piping system conveying any liquid is a high velocity pressure wave caused by a sudden change in liquid flow velocity due to sudden opening or closing of valves, a pump shutdown or start-up, a pump failure or any other dynamic event.

The inherent advantages of Jain PE pipe, when compared to a rigid piping system lie in the materials ability to withstand continous system pressures with additional surges resulting from above described dynamic events.

The flexibility and short term mechanical strengths of Jain PE pressure pipes allow short term surges above the design pressure rating of the pipe. The low elastic modulus provides a quick dampening mechanism for shock loads. This property results in lower surge pressures than in more rigid piping systems like Steel, Ductile Iron or PVC.

For the same liquid and velocity change, surge pressures in polyethylene pipe are about 86% less than in Steel pipe, about 80% less than in Ductile Iron pipe and about 50% less than in PVC pipe.

Surges affect systems differently depending upon the system design, surge pressure magnitude and surge frequency. Allowable surge pressure may be limited by the pressure ratings of pumps, valves, fittings, partially restrained joints or non restrained joining methods or other fittings.

Recommended Flow Velocities

The maximum allowable flow velocity in Jain PE pipe is dependent upon the specific details of the system. If water systems operate at rated pressures, velocities up to 5 ft./sec (1.5 m/s) will generally not exceed the 1.5 to 1 surge pressure guideline and at 10 ft./sec (3 m/sec) the 2 to 1 guideline is generally not exceeded. Velocities as high as 25 ft./sec (7.6m/s) may be acceptable provided surge pressure effects are controlled. These factors must be decided with the guidance of design experts.

Other relevant values

Pipe Roughness

Material k (mm)

Polyethylene & PVC 0.002

GRP 0.01

Steel, New 0.05

Galvanised Iron, New 0.15

Ductile Iron, New 0.5 - 1.0

Ductile Iron, Corroded 1.0 - 1.5

Expansion and Contraction

All plastics have co-efficients of expansion and contraction several times those of metals. This must be allowed for in any installation by the use of expansion joints, expansion loops etc.

Material Co-efficient of expansion (K-1)

PVC-U & PVC-M 6 x 10-5

HDPE 20 x 10-5

LDPE 20 x 10-5

Steel 1.2 x 10-5

Copper 2.0 x 10-5

Jain PE Pipes Design Details & Technical Characteristics

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Jain PE Pipes Design Details & Technical Characteristics

Result of Typical Test

Wear Rates of Plastics and Metals under abrasive slurries

Material

Wear Rates (mm)

Coarse Sand Fine Sand

7 fps 15 fps 7 fps 15 fps

Steel 0.65 1.81 0.04 0.02

Aluminum 1.81 7.48 0.14 0.86

Polyethylene 0.06 0.46 nil 0.06

ABS 0.36 2.07 0.07 0.51

Acrylic 0.99 4.10 0.17 1.42

Ageing of Pipes

The deterioration of pipes with age depends upon the particular chemical properties of the liquid and the material with which it is in contact. The effects of deterioration with age on roughness are so inconsistent that it is not possible to prepare tables or charts to include this factor. It is recommended that prior experience be considered and local authorities consulted where it is necessary to estimate the friction losses in old pipes or to allow for the ageing of new pipes. In the absence of experimental data or other considerations which warrant the adoption of other values, the effect of ageing of pipes for the purpose of design (period of 30 years) may be taken to decrease the discharges by 25 percent for cast iron and wrought iron pipes, 15 percent for galvanized iron and riveted steel pipes and 5 percent for asbestos cement and concrete pipes, zero percent for HDPE Pipe.

Applicable BIS standards

IS - 4984 for Water Supply

IS - 14333 for Sewerage

IS - 7634 for Installation and Design.

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Jain PE Pipes – Advantages

• Jain High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) pipes are manufactured in all three Grades - PE63, PE80 and PE100 strictly conforming to Indian and International Standards as preferred by the clients.

• Jain High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) pipe can be used for conveying Raw Water, Potable Water, Sewage, Waster Water, Slurries, Hazardous Effluents, Compressed Air, Compressed Gas & Cables very economically and it has a long proven history of lowest repair frequency and maintenance cost compared to any available piping material.

• Jain PE piping systems are very strong, with good abrasion/corrosion resistance, flexibility and strainability under stress compared to any available piping material.

• Jain PE piping systems have the lowest Water Hammer effect in pumping mains compared to any conventional piping material making it trouble free and maintenance free as well as protecting the pumping system.

• Jain PE piping systems have good flow characteristics making it an energy saver contributing to the economy of system cost and running cost.

• Jain PE Piping Systems are totally Corrosion Resistant and Chemical Resistant. They have high Resistance to Tuberculation, Scaling and or Biological build-up.

• Jain PE pipes joints are monolithic whether Butt-Fused or Electro-fused and the joints are stronger than the pipe.• With no infiltration or exfiltration the chances of contamination of conveyed water is totally eliminates thus reducing the

treatment cost. • Reduced requirement of fittings required for cross country lines due to Flexibility of pipe due to allowable bending radius

of the pipe is 20 to 25 times the Diameter of Pipe.• Lower installation cost due to Light Weight reducing the cost of handling equipment.• Longer lengths i.e 12 metres in case of dia above 160mm and coils in less than 160mm reduces the jointing time & cost.• Installed, tested and commissioned immediately as no joint setting time is required.• Jain PE piping system meets all the requirements of a pipeline system which are toughness, strength, durability,

flexibility, trouble free service, nil or low maintenance and long life.

Effluent Disposal System 710-800 mm dia. PE Pipe at GIDC, Sarigam, Gujarat.

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Jain PE Pipe – Applications

Municipalities, Corporations & Utilities

• Pumping Mains for Water

• Water Distribution System

• House Service Connections

• Water Treatment Plant

• Force Main for Sewer

• Gravity Main for Sewer

• Rehabilitation of Sewer Lines

• Waste Water Treatment Plants.

• Aeration and Odour Control Ducting

• Infiltration Gallery

• Landfill - Leachate Collection & Transportation

• Landfill - Methane Collection & Transportation

Infrastructure

• Natural and LP Gas Distribution

• Untreated and Treated Effluent

• Electrical Cable Ducting

• Stay Cable Pipe for Cable Stayed Bridges

• Optical Fibre Cable Ducting

• Telecommunication Cable Ducting

• Desalination Plant

• Culverts and Storm Water Drains

• Thermal & Nuclear Power Station

• Hydel Power Plants

• Dredging & Sand Stowing

• Coal Bed Methane Gas

Mining Industry• Leach Lines

• Coal Decant Systems

• Mine Drainage

• Coal Tailings

• Slurry and Sludge Transport

• De-watering

• Dust Suppression

• Sand Stowing

Industry

• Pulp & Paper

• Chemical Process Lines

• Corrosive Liquids

• Effluent Disposal

• Building & Construction

• Fertilizers

• Rice Mills

• Marine Intake and Outfall

• Aquaculture

• Salt Pan

• Fire Fighting Systems

• Material Handling - Pneumatic conveyance of particulates .

• Fly-Ash Slurry and others

Irrigation

• Rising Main & Distribution Systems

• Lift Irrigation

• Drip Irrigation

• Gated Pipe Irrigation

• Sprinkler Irrigation

• Sub Soil Drainage

Jain Irrigation manufactures PE Pipes which are widely accepted in following applications.

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Range Ø 20 mm (0.5”) to 1600 mm (64”) with 2.5 to 25 kg/cm² Standards IS 4984, ISO 4427, DIN 8074/75Length Available in straight lengths 6/12 meters in all sizes and in Coils upto 140mm OD sizeMaterial Grades • PE-63 • PE-80 • PE-100 Applications • Drinking Water Supply • Pumping main & Distribution Lines• Lift & Gravity Irrigation • Suction & Delivery Pipes • Drip & Sprinkler Irrigation Systems • Aquaculture & Salt Pan industry• Infrastructure, Building & Construction Industry • Mining

Jain irrigation systems Ltd, manufactures PE Pipes suitable for various applications. Our PE pipes are specifically designed for installing new pipelines using Open-cut as well as Trenchless technologies like Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) and replacing old piping systems.

We offer complete solutions with polyethylene (PE) piping for new municipal projects, rehabilitation of existing water and sewer systems, Road crossings and even River crossings. Using Jain PE pipe for water distribution and wastewater disposal systems, will not only eliminate expensive water loss, but it will reduce water contamination and harmful waste pollution.

PE Pipe as a Potable Water Pipe Material

To protect the public health, every inhabited building must provide a fresh and safe supply of “potable” water for drinking and an effective system of removing of solid waste and waste water. The greatest challenge facing municipalities today is coming to grips with the fact that fresh water is a scarce resource. When confronted by deteriorating water and sewage systems that leak, are expensive to replace and susceptible to contamination, water management experts are now looking at PE piping system as a virtually leak free piping system which will resist corrosion and ground movement as severe as earthquakes at a relatively low cost.

Why select PE Pipe?

For over 40 years, water utilities, have used polyethylene pipe as an efficient piping system and are systematically engaging in a process to replace concrete, cast iron and steel pipe with polyethylene. Historically, while energy utilities have at least tried to use the best materials available to transport natural gas because of its potential harm to the public, water utilities have chosen to go with “whatever works” because water leaks are rarely harmful to the public. As a result water losses have typically been as much as 30% and above due to leaks in the other material piping system.

These losses were only acceptable because of the prevailing view that fresh water is unlimited, free and safe.

But of course water is neither free or unlimited - it costs money to pump it out of the ground and to purify it - and when it is wasted

Jain PE Pipes for Potable Water Supply

Material

14

12

10

8

6

4

2

0

pH R

ange

PE

PV

C

Con

cret

e

PE Distribution Network

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because of a leak in the piping system, the economic and ecological cost is passed on to the customer as an operating expense. Worse yet, water is not safe when it is contaminated or in short supply. Whenever we find our water contaminated, we either think that it is the source of water itself or the piping system that transfers it to our homes. This ceases to be an issue in a leak tight piping system.

Advantages of PE Pipe as Water Distribution Pipe

There are three main reasons for using polyethylene as a water main pipe material: 1) It will reduce water loss and contamination, 2) It is a practical and cost effective replacement for a deteriorating waterworks and sewage system, and 3) It is capable of handling a variety of environmental conditions from extreme cold, earthquakes and corrosive materials.

Leak Tight

Polyethylene pipe doesn’t leak because it doesn’t corrode and react with the surrounding medium. The heat fused joints eliminate the possibility of root penetration and the loss of water every 10 to 20 feet as many have discovered with bell and spigot connections in metal / concrete pipes.

Heat fusion makes a leak tight joint that is as strong as the pipe or stronger than the pipe itself and will last the life of the pipe. Moreover, it’s so flexible that it can take up any soil movement caused by swelling, shrinking and even EARTHQUAKES.

Easy Installation

The combination of flexibility and leak free joints allow for unique and cost effective types of installation methods that the other pipes cannot use with bell and spigot connections. The flexibility of polyethylene pipe allows to replace existing water or sewer system utilizing the latest in pipe bursting and directional drilling techniques.

With PE pipe you can revitalize your existing water main and sewer system without incurring the huge cost of traffic interruption and surface restoration. These techniques can save you time and money in most of the applications and you won’t even know that your entire system is being replaced. Because of its flexibility, polyethylene pipe can be available in coils, providing low cost installations. Almost one-eighth the density of steel, PE does not require the use of heavy lifting and handling equipment for installation making it is easier to handle and install than the heavier, rigid metallic, concrete or steel pipe.

Sturdy, Long Lasting and Cost Effective

PE pipe doesn’t corrode or support biological growth.

Only PE pipe, however, combines these attributes with the added benefits of heat fused joints, flexibility and fatigue resistance.

With a much higher impact resistance than other plastic piping material, polyethylene pipe is a much better choice for any installations where other pipes are more prone to cracks and breaks.

Jain PE Pipes for Potable Water Supply

Installation and Jointing of 110 mm dia. to 630 mm dia. HDPE Pipe for Ramky Pharmacity, Vaizag.

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Jain PE Pipes for Potable Water Supply

The flexibility of PE pressure pipe makes it perfect for shifting soils including areas prone to earthquakes and deserts.

It produces relatively low surge pressure and it can withstand repetitive pressure surges that exceed the static pressure rating of the pipe giving it excellent resistance to water hammer events.

With the unique combination of flexibility and corrosion resistance, even conservative research shows that the life of a PE piping system is at least hundred years when the pipe is properly selected and installed.

It’s light weight and flexibility allows for significant savings in labor and equipment, while its ability to handle extremely aggressive fluids means less money for maintenance and repair.

Its smooth interior means less energy is required to pump water through it than for concrete or steel, saving considerable money on pumping costs.

If one is looking for a new and effective way to solve the problem of a deteriorating water or sewer system, consider the benefits of a leak free piping solution. Jain PE pipes are :

• Flexible • Fatigue Resistant• Corrosion Resistant • Light Weight• Leak Tight • Energy Efficient• Capable of Optimum Flow Rates

Potable Water Applications

PE pipe has demonstrated, through years of testing and actual application, a projected service life of minimum 100 years.

Sewer Rehabilitation by Pipe in Pipe method (Slip lining) for Mumbai Municipal Corporation

560 mm slotted PE pipe for Infiltration System.

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Dimensions of PE Pipe IS-4984:1995 (PE-63, PE-80, PE-100)(Pressure Rating, PN in kgf/cm²)

O.D.(mm)

PN 2.5 PN 4 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10 PN 12.5 PN 16

PE-63 PE-80 PE-63 PE-80 PE-63 PE-80 PE-100 PE-63 PE-80 PE-100 PE-63 PE-80 PE-100 PE-63 PE-80 PE-100 PE-63 PE-80 PE-100

Minimum Wall -Thickness of Pipes (mm)

20 - - - - - - - - - - 2.3 - - 2.8 2.3 - 3.4 2.8 2.3

25 - - - - - - - 2.3 - - 2.8 2.3 - 3.4 2.8 2.3 4.2 3.5 2.9

32 - - - - 2.3 - - 3.0 2.4 - 3.6 3.0 2.4 4.4 3.6 2.9 5.4 4.5 3.7

40 - - 2.0 - 2.8 2.3 - 3.7 3.0 2.4 4.5 3.7 3.0 5.5 4.5 3.7 6.7 5.6 4.6

50 - - 2.4 2.3 3.5 2.9 2.3 4.6 3.8 3.0 5.6 4.6 3.7 6.8 5.6 4.6 8.4 6.9 5.7

63 2.0 - 3.0 2.5 4.4 3.6 2.9 5.8 4.7 3.8 7.0 5.8 4.7 8.6 7.0 5.7 10.5 8.7 7.1

75 2.3 - 3.6 2.9 5.3 4.3 3.5 6.9 5.6 4.5 8.4 6.9 5.6 10.2 8.4 6.8 12.5 10.4 8.5

90 2.8 2.3 4.3 3.5 6.3 5.1 4.1 8.2 6.7 5.4 10.0 8.2 6.7 12.2 10.0 8.2 15.0 12.5 10.2

110 3.4 2.7 5.3 4.3 7.7 6.3 5.0 10.0 8.2 6.6 12.3 10.0 8.1 14.9 12.3 10.0 18.4 15.2 12.4

125 3.8 3.1 6.0 4.9 8.8 7.1 5.7 11.4 9.3 7.5 13.9 11.4 9.2 16.9 13.9 11.3 20.9 17.3 14.1

140 4.3 3.5 6.7 5.4 9.8 8.0 6.4 12.8 10.4 8.4 15.6 12.8 10.3 19.0 15.6 12.7 23.4 19.4 15.8

160 4.9 4.0 7.7 6.2 11.2 9.1 7.3 14.6 11.9 9.6 17.8 14.6 11.8 21.7 17.8 14.5 26.7 22.1 18.1

180 5.5 4.4 8.6 7.0 12.6 10.2 8.2 16.4 13.4 10.8 20.0 16.4 13.3 24.4 20.0 16.3 30.0 24.9 20.3

200 6.1 4.9 9.6 7.7 14.0 11.4 9.1 18.2 14.9 12.0 22.3 18.2 14.8 27.1 22.3 18.1 33.4 27.6 22.6

225 6.9 5.5 10.8 8.7 15.7 12.8 10.3 20.5 16.7 13.5 25.0 20.5 16.6 30.5 25.0 20.4 37.5 31.1 25.4

250 7.6 6.1 12.0 9.7 17.5 14.2 11.4 22.8 18.6 15.0 27.8 22.8 18.4 33.8 27.8 22.6 41.7 34.5 28.2

280 8.5 6.9 13.4 10.8 19.6 15.9 12.8 25.5 20.8 16.8 31.2 25.5 20.6 37.9 31.2 25.3 46.7 38.7 31.6

315 9.6 7.7 15.0 12.2 22.0 17.9 14.4 28.7 23.4 18.9 35.0 28.7 23.2 42.6 35.0 28.5 52.5 43.5 35.5

355 10.8 8.7 17.0 13.7 24.8 20.1 16.2 32.3 26.3 21.2 39.5 32.3 26.2 48.0 39.5 32.1 59.2 49.0 40.0

400 12.2 9.8 19.1 15.4 28.0 22.7 18.2 36.4 29.7 23.9 44.5 36.4 29.5 54.1 44.5 36.2 - 55.2 45.1

450 13.7 11.0 21.5 17.4 31.4 25.5 20.5 41.0 33.4 26.9 50.0 41.0 33.1 - 50.0 40.7 - - 50.8

500 15.2 12.2 23.9 19.3 34.9 28.4 22.8 45.5 37.1 29.9 55.6 45.5 36.8 - 55.6 45.2 - - 56.4

560 17.0 13.7 26.7 21.6 39.1 31.7 25.5 51.0 41.5 33.5 - 51.0 41.2 - - 50.6 - - -

630 19.1 15.4 30.0 24.3 44.0 35.7 28.7 57.3 46.7 37.7 - 57.3 46.4 - - 56.9 - - -

710 21.6 17.4 33.9 27.4 49.6 40.2 32.3 - 52.6 42.4 - - 52.3 - - - - - -

800 24.3 19.6 38.1 30.8 55.9 45.3 36.4 - - 47.8 - - 58.9 - - - - - -

900 27.3 22.0 42.9 34.7 - 51.0 41.0 - - 53.8 - - - - - - - - -

1000 30.4 24.4 47.7 38.5 - 56.7 45.5 - - - - - - - - - - - -

Jain PE Pipes for Potable Water Supply

Note : On demand other Pressure class & diameter are available.

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Jain PE Pipes for Potable Water Supply

Minimum Wall Thickness ISO 4427-2 2007(E)PIPE SERIES

SDR 6 SDR 7.4 SDR 9 SDR 11 SDR 13.6 SDR 17 SDR 21 SDR 26 SDR 33 SDR 41S2.5 S3.2 S4 S5 S6.3 S8 S10 S12.5 S16 S20

Nominal pressure ( PN ) barPE40 – PN10 PN8 – PN5 PN4 PN3.2 PN2.5 – –PE63 – – – PN10 PN8 – PN5 PN4 PN3.2 PN2.5PE80 PN25 PN20 PN16 PN 12.5 PN10 PN8 PN6 PN5 PN4 PN3.2

PE100 — PN25 PN20 PN 16 PN 12.5 PN 10 PN8 PN6 PN5 PN416 3.0 2.3 2.0 – – – – – – –20 3.4 3.0 2.3 2.0 – – – – – –25 4.2 3.5 3.0 2.3 2.0 – – – – –32 5.4 4.4 3.6 3.0 2.4 2.0 – – – –40 6.7 5.5 4.5 3.7 3.0 2.4 2.0 – – –50 8.3 6.9 5.6 4.6 3.7 3.0 2.4 2.0 – –63 10.5 8.6 7.1 5.8 4.7 3.8 3.0 2.5 – –75 12.5 10.3 8.4 6.8 5.6 4.5 3.6 2.9 – –90 15.0 12.3 10.1 8.2 6.7 5.4 4.3 3.5 – –

110 18.3 15.1 12.3 10.0 8.1 6.6 5.3 4.2 – –125 20.8 17.1 14.0 11.4 9.2 7.4 6.0 4.8 – –140 23.3 19.2 15.7 12.7 10.3 8.3 6.7 5.4 – –160 26.6 21.9 17.9 14.6 11.8 9.5 7.7 6.2 – –180 29.9 24.6 20.1 16.4 13.3 10.7 8.6 6.9 – –200 33.2 27.4 22.4 18.2 14.7 11.9 9.6 7.7 – –225 37.4 30.8 25.2 20.5 16.6 13.4 10.8 8.6 – –250 41.5 34.2 27.9 22.7 18.4 14.8 11.9 9.6 – –280 46.5 38.3 31.3 25.4 20.6 16.6 13.4 10.7 – –315 52.3 43.1 35.2 28.6 23.2 18.7 15.0 12.1 9.7 7.7355 59.0 48.5 39.7 32.2 26.1 21.1 16.9 13.6 10.9 8.7400 – 54.7 44.7 36.3 29.4 23.7 19.1 15.3 12.3 9.8450 – 61.5 50.3 40.9 33.1 26.7 21.5 17.2 13.8 11.0500 – – 55.8 45.4 36.8 29.7 23.9 19.1 15.3 12.3560 – – 62.5 50.8 41.2 33.2 26.7 21.4 17.2 13.7630 – – 70.3 57.2 46.3 37.4 30.0 24.1 19.3 15.4710 – – 79.3 64.5 52.2 42.1 33.9 27.2 21.8 17.4800 – – 89.3 72.6 58.8 47.4 38.1 30.6 24.5 19.6900 – – – 81.7 66.2 53.3 42.9 34.4 27.6 22.0

1000 – – – 90.2 72.5 59.3 47.7 38.2 30.6 24.51200 – – – – 88.2 67.9 57.2 45.9 36.7 29.41400 – – – – 102.9 82.4 66.7 53.5 42.9 34.31600 – – – – 117.6 94.1 76.2 61.2 49.0 39.21800 – – – – – 105.9 85.7 69.1 54.5 43.82000 – – – – – 117.6 95.2 76.9 60.6 48.8

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Electromagnetic Pipe Detection SystemRFID Data Display on the Screen Instrument

Jain Insta Tracer Pipe can be precisely located using the Electromagnetic Pipe Detection System. An EPD requires a transmitter to directly induce a signal across the utility. The signal is then detected with a receiver. The transmission of the signal requires a conductive element and therefore, the HDPE Piping has been coextruded with a conductive tracer wire. The Wire is specially designed to withstand the corrosive and destructive effects of underground deployment.

The tracer wire is designed specifically for the purpose of detecting buried utilities.

A 12 SWG copper wire is used and a Poly ethylene jacket specially formulated for under ground use is extruded over it. The Wire and PE Jacket are co extruded over the HDPE Pipe.

During Installation, the tracer wire is brought to the surface every 500 meters at access points like Valve boxes, Pump Stations, Pressure Reducer Stations or other covered access devices.

Splices in the tracer wire shall be connected by means of a split bolt or compression type connector to ensure continuity. After installation, the tracer wire shall be tested to verify continuity of the tracer wire system and a report indicating continuity shall be submitted.

For detection a Transmitter is connected to the Tracer wire at the Access point.

The transmitter induces a select frequency signal in to the wire. A Detector tuned to the same frequency is moved on the ground on the pipe route and this enables precise, meter by meter location of the underground Pipe.

Advantages:

Speedy and Safe Excavation for Maintenance and during Up Gradation Projects.

With this Precise detect ability O&M becomes efficient and safer as damage to other utilities is ensured. The heavy penalties associated with damage to Gas Pipes and Telecom Cabling are also avoided. Pipe line owners can also mark own line on the ground when Multiple agencies carry out Digging and save their systems.

Jain Sure Locator Pipes can be located precisely up to a depth of 5 meters in all types of Soil or concrete.

Jain Insta Tracer Pipe – For Precise Location after Underground Burial

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Range Ø 20mm (0.5”) to 630 mm (24”) with 2.5 to 25kg/cm²

Standards ISO-4427

Length Available in straight lengths 6/12 meters in all sizes and in Coils upto 140mm OD size

Material Grades • PE-80 & PE 100 (Blue Colour) • PE-80 & PE 100 (Black With Blue Stripes)

Applications • Potable Water Distribution Network & Rising Main • House Service Connections

Jain PE pipes for House Service Connection are manufactured from PE-80 and PE-100 grade blue compounded material, having WRAS certification, recommended world over for distribution of safe potable water under hygienic conditions.

• Very smooth inner surface ensures no scaling and choking.• Has less friction loss and gives better flow at lower heads.• Easy to transport and store as the pipes available in 100, 200 and 300 metre coils.• No wastage of pipe as it can be cut to requirement at site.• Less number of joints as the pipe is flexible and available in longer lengths.• 100% leak-proof saving enormous quantity of water wasted in conventional piping system due to corroded leaky joints.• Easy to repair as the pipes are flexible and joiners are with union and compression type joints.• Easy tapping with speciality tapping joints.• Tools-off installation possible with precision made fittings.

Jains Manufacture MDPE - HSC pipes with PE - 80 grade raw material of prime quality from Internationally renowned suppliers. PE - 80 grade Polyethylene is a versatile, safe and Internationally accepted material for even Gas Distribution piping systems.

Distribution Pipe

It is recommended that Water Utilities providing protected drinking water should use PE-80 and PE-100 grade pipes. It is a well-known fact that the soil in which the pipes are buried are of corrosive nature, which triggers outside corrosion of the conventional pipes. Added to this, the leakage of electricity from the underground cables as well as spillage of chemicals and contamination of subsoil with leaky sewerage and drainage pipelines add to the Galvanic and Chemical Corrosion of conventional pipes. Dissolved Oxygen and Chlorine in the treated water accelerate the inside corrosion.

Jain PE Pipes for House Service Connection

House Service Connection with Jain MDPE Pipes & Fittings

Sump

Stop Tap Chamber

Compression Elbow

Ground Level

EF Tapping Saddle

Compound Wall

Distribution Main

Residential Plots

Water Meter Female ThreadedAdapter

Plastic Ball Float Valve

Schematic diagram of House Service Connection

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JAIN Polyethylene PE- 80 grade pipes conforming to ISO 4427 as well as IS 4984 & IS 14333 are available up to 1600mm diameter in all pressure classes as per the standard. Installation of these pipes is easy. Tapping for the house service connection is also made very easy with tapping tees and saddles and is totally leak-proof.

Total distribution and House Service Connection with JAIN polyethylene piping system is not only the way to provide the society with safe drinking water but also to save the precious unaccounted for drinking water.

Safe Drinking Water

Drinking water is an essential commodity to the society, being supplied to all sections of the society, which includes healthy, aged and sick. The importance of safe drinking water is vital and the quality of water must not be compromised in the short or the long term. The quality of water does not just mean the toxicity of contaminants and their direct impact on health, but also includes the way in which the consumer gets the water.

Influence of Materials

The influence of materials and substances in contact with drinking water should not be underestimated. Leaching of soluble compounds can produce a direct effect on the taste, turbidity and color of the water. Many materials can support the growth of microorganisms, which can cause deterioration in the microbiological quality of the water. Metabolic products produced as a result of microbial growth can cause bad tastes and the development of slimes and flakes of microbial growth are also capable of producing bad tastes and odours. In some cases, the physical degradation of a product in service can occur as a result of microorganism growth.

Selection of Pipe Material

The pipe material selected for Conveying & Distributing potable water should ensure the following essential norms in a water supply system:

• It should not give taste to water • It should not change the appearance of the water• It should not allow growth of microorganisms in the water in contact with the materials or on the surface of the

material.• It should not release any elements / substances in to the water that may be of concern to public health.• These conditions are in accordance with BS 6920 - Leaching tests for nonmetallic products for use in contact with

potable water.• Jain Irrigation have got their PE pipes and fittings for potable water supply, successfully tested by WRc_NSF Ltd., UK in

accordance with BS 6920.

Jain PE Pipes for House Service Connection

Typical House Service Connection details

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Advantages of Jain HDPE House Service Pipe over the conventional GI Pipe

Jain HDPE House Service Pipe GI House Service Pipe

Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) shows PE is totally eco-friendly by its low energy consumption both in process of production and usage.

LCA shows that GI is not eco-friendly as it consumes more energy in the process of production and usage.

The jointing is easy. No threading tools-spanners required. The jointing requires special tool kit for installation.

The joints are rubber sealed and corrosion proof. The joints get corroded and start contamination of water.

The system has very smooth bore and hence more flow with less head.

The system has rough bore and gets more pitted and rough due to corrosion and affects free flow

Due to air tight rubber seal joints, root ingress is totally avoided.

Due to corroded joints, the joints become leaky and allows root ingress which leads to choking.

Due to flexibility and long length, avoids use of extra fitting to take contours at the site.

Due to its rigidity, lot of fittings have to be used to take the contours at the site.

Very tough and inert material. Hence there is no damage during digging of trenches.

Gets damaged easily in aggressive soil conditions due to chemical corrosion.

Totally prevents sub soil water entering the system which safe guards potability of water conveyed.

Due to leaky joints, the potability of water is contaminated by subsoil water entering the system.

The system installation is easy due the compression type joints and saves time in installation.

Takes lot of time to install and holds up Water Supply and installation.

The system is cost effective. The system is expensive.

Jain PE Pipes for House Service Connection

Typical House Service Connection details

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Range Ø 63mm (2.5”) to 1600 mm (64”) with 2.5 to 16 kg/cm²

Standards IS 14333, IS 10910

Length Available in straight lengths 6/12 meters in all sizes and in Coils upto 140mm OD size

Material Grades • PE-63 • PE-80 • PE-100 (Black Colour) • PP-H100 • PP-B80 • PP-R80

Applications • Sewerage • Effluent Conveyance & Waste Disposal Lines • Lining of Existing Sewerage lines • Marine & Submarine Lines • Salt Pan Industries • Chemical Conveyance • Dredger Pipes • Ash Slurry Conveyance • Mining

Jain Irrigation Systems Ltd. manufacture PE pipes suitable for sanitation, sewer and effluent systems. In our world, everything begins and ends with water. We spend most of our time looking for new and innovative ways of acquiring water, but very little time thinking of ways to deal with the waste water. In an Ideal Water Management System, the supply of water for usage and later on its transfer to a sewage or wastewater treatment facility is equally important.

Otherwise we risk contaminating the water supply leading to health and environmental hazards.

Sewer Pipe for Sanitation Systems

It is no secret that mostly sanitary and sewer systems across the world are obsolete and in a serious state of neglect.

At Jain Irrigation, we believe that piping is a big part of the problem and also the solution.

As we see it, piping is literally the artery through which water is supplied and then discharged.

The problem is that most sewage systems use a piping material that is easily corroded, hard to handle and difficult to repair or replace.

Polyethylene Pipe promises to be a long-term and cost effective solution to this problem. It is well suited for a wide range of sewage applications in all sorts of circumstances. Its inherent physical characteristics make it impervious to the extremely aggressive and corrosive materials associated with sewage systems. Polyethylene pipe is light weight, flexible, durable, corrosion resistant and leak tight making it easier to install than any other pipe material. These features and its exceptional flow rate make it ideal for transferring extremely aggressive materials and will greatly reduce pumping and treatment costs.

Why Use PE Pipe for Sanitation, Sewer and Effluent Systems ?

The biggest concern facing communities with a deteriorating sewage system is the cost of installation and surface disruption. The installation or rehabilitation of a sewer system main can be significantly faster and easier with PE pipe. This is primarily due to the pipe’s lighter weight, ease of handling, and its suitability for trench less technologies like Pipe Bursting or Horizontal Directional Drilling. Because of its flexibility, PE pipe can be shaped during its installation to curve around obstructions and angles without difficulty. Its light weight allows you to pull long assembled lengths of the pipe through long difficult tunnels under roads and structures with little effort at greatly reduced costs. These benefits and many others make it a serious contender as a sewage piping solution.

If you are thinking about making a long term investment in a sewage infrastructure system for your town or city, let our experience with sewage piping applications help you to make the right decision for all concerned.

Jain PE Pipes for Disposal Systems

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Sewer and Drain

Jain Irrigation is a leading manufacturer of PE pipes for Municipal, Sewer, Industrial Effluent and Wastewater Systems.

We are one of the largest producers of pressure-rated PE pipe up to 1600mm dia. For new construction, Horizontal Directional Drilling applications, Pipe Bursting or Trenchless replacement of existing lines,

Jain PE pipe offers innovative products for sewer and wastewater applications.

Specify Jain PE for• Forced Sewer Mains • Pipeline Rehabilitation / Trenchless Pipeline Replacement • Combined Storm & Sanitary Sewer Lines • Sea Intake & Outfall Lines• Industrial Effluent Disposal

Practical, Cost-Effective Solutions:

The degradation and corrosion of the sanitary, storm and sewer systems in India are a natural fact. Jain PE pipe offers a long-term, cost effective solution to handle these situations. The inherent physical properties and design potential of PE pipe present an ideal combination in meeting the critical demands of water and wastewater piping systems.

Eliminates Long-Term Effects of chemicals

Corrosion is one of the major problems faced today in sewer and wastewater lines. Jain PE piping products will not corrode. They are immune to most chemicals, microbiological agents and scale buildup. In addition, they will not rust or deteriorate and are proven to be fully resistant to the forces of organic and inorganic corrosion.

Designed for Years of Reliable Performance

There is no better material available in the market that offers more durability than PE. Our pipe product offers assurances of years of reliable performance without degradation and is made from highest grade resins under demanding design and production standards. Due to the visco-elastic nature of the polyethylene material, this pipe can withstand severe pressure surges, ground shifts and freezing without any breaks or disjointing.

Fully Restrained, Fusion Joints

The butt fusion process to join PE pipe provides for a precision heat weld as strong as the pipe wall. A properly fused pipe eliminates root penetration, infiltration and exfiltration of the joint. The fusion bond also creates a fully restrained joint. The strength of the joint enhances the flexibility and resiliency of the whole line, permitting bending and flexing.

Improved Flow Rates:

The exceptionally smooth inner surface of PE pipe presents minimal resistance to fluids, effluent and materials in flow. The original flow dynamics remain relatively constant for the entire life of the pipe. This is unlike other piping products that must allow for a reduction in flow capacity over time. Therefore, using Jain PE Pipe, a higher maximum flow rate for a given size can be predicted, compared to other types of piping materials.

Jain PE Pipes for Disposal Systems

1200 mm dia. PE pipe PN6 for pumping sewer, Kolkata.

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Abrasion Resistance:

PE offers far better abrasion resistance than the conventional Cement and Metal pipes and hence is a preffered pipe for Sewer Effluent and Mining Sectors.

Faster and Easier Construction:

The construction of a new forced sewer main can be significantly faster and easier with Jain PE Pipe. This is due to the pipe’s lighter weight, ease of handling, fusion capabilities and the reduced trenching parameters. A narrower trench is typical procedure since the crews do not have to enter the trench during the pipe laying process. Long lengths of pipe are fully assembled outside and parallel to the trench and then slipped into the trench in a simple, quick operation. Since PE is flexible, it can bend during installation to position in the trench. In addition, it can curve around obstructions and angles within the trench path. Another cost saving advantage of PE is trench less applications where the lengths of pipe are pulled through tunnels underneath roads or structures through the use of a pulling head.

Trench less Applications – Horizontal Directional Drilling

Jain PE Pipe is an ideal choice for horizontal and directional drilling applications. The inherent properties of PE accommodate all the desired performance characteristics needed for this demanding application.

Horizontal Directional Drilling

This “State of the Art” technology is one which is used with PE pipe. This is done with a minimum of disruption to surface activities and other underground services.

Horizontal Directional drilling is ideal for installing infrastructure beneath highways, roads, and railway tracks, without affecting traffic load on these networks. The technology can also be used for crossing of rivers, streams, lakes and buildings.

Pipe BurstingOn a worldwide scale, old water, sewer or gas mains have often suffered severe failures due to corrosion, tree root infestation, pipe settlement and misaligned pipe joints. Over the years this has lead to leakages in the pipes and formation of sink holes, which in turn becomes a danger to the public.

Jain PE Pipes for Disposal Systems

Typical Horizontal Directional Drilling Sketch

Drilling Rig

Rock Head

Design Grade

Exit Pit

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Jain PE Pipes for Disposal Systems

Sewer line for Ramky Pharmacity, Vizakapatanam Jointing of 1200 mm dia. PE Pipe for Pumping Sewer for Kolkata Environment Improvement Project, Kolkata

Pipebursting is proven method for trench less pipe renewal by following the existing pipeline bore path. The old pipe (from ND 50) buried in the ground is broken and the fragments displaced whilst simultaneously pulling in the new pipe, which is often

larger in diameter, thus increasing existing capacity. Pipe bursting renews pressure and sewage pipes made of vitrified clay, cast iron, ductile iron, steel, asbestos cement, plastic as well as some concrete sewage pipes. Daily replacement productivity levels of 200m per day are common place.

For trench less pipe replacement, Jain PE Pipe are used in pipe bursting projects. This type of installation requires little or no trenching.

New Pipe

Old Pipe

Power Unit

Bursting Unit

Typical Pipe Bursting Sketch

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Jain PE Pipes for Disposal Systems

Dimensions of PE Pipes for Sewerage - IS-14333:1996, (with amendment no.1) PE-63, PE-80, PE-100)(Pressure Rating, PN in kgf/cm²)

Outside Dia.

(mm)

PN 2.5 PN 4 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10 PN 12.5 PN 16PE-63 PE-80 PE-63 PE-80 PE-63 PE-80 PE-100 PE-63 PE-80 PE-100 PE-63 PE-80 PE-100 PE-63 PE-80 PE-100 PE-63 PE-80 PE-100

Minimum Wall -Thickness of Pipes (mm)63 - - 4.0 3.0 5.8 4.4 3.6 7.5 5.8 4.7 9.0 7.0 5.8 10.9 8.6 7.0 13.3 10.5 8.775 3.0 2.3 4.7 3.6 6.9 5.3 4.3 8.9 6.9 5.6 10.8 8.4 6.9 13.0 10.2 8.4 15.8 12.5 10.490 3.6 2.8 5.7 4.3 8.2 6.3 5.1 10.6 8.2 6.7 12.9 10.0 8.2 15.6 12.2 10.0 19.0 15.0 12.5

110 4.4 3.4 6.9 5.3 10.0 7.7 6.3 13.0 10.0 8.2 15.8 12.3 10.0 19.0 14.9 12.3 23.2 18.4 15.2125 5.0 3.8 7.9 6.0 11.4 8.8 7.1 14.8 11.4 9.3 17.9 13.9 11.4 21.6 16.9 13.9 26.4 20.9 17.3140 5.6 4.3 8.8 6.7 12.8 9.8 8.0 16.5 12.8 10.4 20.0 15.6 12.8 24.2 19.0 15.6 29.5 23.4 19.4160 6.4 4.9 10.0 7.7 14.6 11.2 9.1 18.9 14.6 11.9 22.9 17.8 14.6 27.6 21.7 17.8 33.7 26.7 22.1180 7.2 5.5 11.3 8.6 16.4 12.6 10.2 21.2 16.4 13.4 25.8 20.0 16.4 31.1 24.4 20.0 37.9 30.0 24.9200 8.0 6.1 12.5 9.6 18.2 14.0 11.4 23.6 18.2 14.9 28.6 22.3 18.2 34.5 27.1 22.3 42.2 33.4 27.6225 9.0 6.9 14.1 10.8 20.5 15.7 12.8 26.5 20.5 16.7 32.2 25.0 20.5 38.8 30.5 25.0 47.4 37.5 31.1250 10.0 7.6 15.7 12.0 22.8 17.5 14.2 29.5 22.8 18.6 35.8 27.8 22.8 43.2 33.8 27.8 52.7 41.7 34.5280 11.2 8.5 17.5 13.4 25.5 19.6 15.9 33.0 25.5 20.8 40.0 31.2 25.2 48.3 37.9 31.2 - 46.7 38.7315 12.6 9.6 19.7 15.0 28.7 22.0 17.9 37.1 28.7 23.4 45.0 35.0 28.7 54.4 42.6 35.0 - 52.5 43.5355 14.2 10.8 22.2 17.0 32.3 24.8 20.1 41.8 32.3 26.3 50.8 39.5 32.3 - 48.0 39.5 - 59.2 49.0400 16.0 12.2 25.0 19.1 36.4 28.0 22.7 47.1 36.4 29.7 57.2 44.5 36.4 - 54.1 44.5 - - 55.2450 18.0 13.7 28.2 21.5 41.0 31.4 25.5 53.0 41.0 33.4 - 50.0 41.0 - - 50.0 - - -500 20.0 15.2 31.3 23.9 45.5 34.9 28.4 - 45.5 37.1 - 55.6 45.5 - - 55.6 - - -560 22.4 17.0 35.0 26.7 51.0 39.1 31.7 - 51.0 41.5 - - 51.0 - - - - - -630 25.2 19.1 39.4 30.0 57.3 44.0 35.7 - 57.3 46.7 - - 57.3 - - - - - -710 28.4 21.6 44.4 33.9 - 49.6 40.2 - - 52.6 - - - - - - - - -800 32.0 24.3 50.0 38.1 - 55.9 45.3 - - - - - - - - - - - -900 36.0 27.3 56.3 42.9 - - 51.0 - - - - - - - - - - - -

1000 40.0 30.4 - 47.7 - - 56.7 - - - - - - - - - - - -

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B-Sure PE Gas Pipes

Range Ø 20 (0.5”) to 315 mm (12”) and SDR 9,11,13.6,17.6

Standards IS 14885, ISO 4437

Length Available in straight Lengths 6/12 meters in all sizes and in Coils upto 140mm OD size

Material Grades • PE-80 (Yellow) • PE-100 (Orange) • PE-80 (Black)

Applications • Natural Gas/ Vapourised LPG Conveyance and Distribution• Other Industrial Gases Distribution • Landfill & Leachate Gas Extraction and Conveyance

A History of Proven Performance

Gas Distribution was among the first applications of Medium Density Polyethylene (PE) pipe. In fact, many of the systems currently in use have been in continuous service since 1960 with great success. Today, over 90% of the pipe installed for the natural gas distribution industry is plastic, and of that, 99% is polyethylene. PE is the material of choice not only in India, but also worldwide.

Jain PE Gas Pipe provides the safest, most cost effective solution for Piped Gas Distribution systems.

Performance: Proven reliability with over millions of meters of gas pipe installed.

Cost Effective: Jain PE Gas pipe is the quickest and easiest to install. No special calculating, measuring, or guess work is required to install. Easy to repair.

Safety and Dependability: With over a decade of vigorous testing and field usage, the Jain PE Gas pipe has proven that it will exceed the life expectancy, tensile pull, burst pressures, and elevated temperature stress rupture points of the PE pipe itself.

Advanced Feature: Manufactured from a high performing special grade compounded raw material PE80 & PE100, having the British Gas Technologies Phase I & Phase II approval.• Higher resistance to fatigue and vibration. • Higher resistance to stress cracking. • Higher resistance to abrasion. • Higher resistance to moisture absorption. • Higher flexibility. • Higher PH resistance. • Higher chemical resistance. • Suitable for working pressure up to 7 Bar.• Better temperature resistance from -40°C to 45°C.

These advantages give confidence to gas engineers the world over to specify PE pipe for their distribution systems. The performance requirements for PE gas pipe are governed by BIS, ASTM and other standards.

Mechanical & Physical Properties of pipesS. No. Property Units Requirements Test Parameters Test Method

1 Wall Thickness mm PE-80 & PE-100 SDR Series -- ISO-3126

2 Hydrostatic Strength (HS) hours

Failure time > 100 hFailure time > 165 hFailure time > 1000 hFailure time > 100 hFailure time > 165 hFailure time > 1000 h

PE-100- 12.4 MPa-20°CPE-100- 5.5 MPa-80°CPE-100- 5.0 MPa-80°CPE-80- 9.0 MPa-20°CPE-80- 4.6 MPa-80°CPE-80- 4.0 MPa-80°C

ISO-1167

3 Density Kg/m³ > 930 23°C ISO-1183, ISO-1872/1

4 Thermal Stability(Oxidation induction time) Min. > 20 200°C ISO/TR10837

5 Melt Flow Rate (MFR) g/10 Min 0.2 to 1.1 190°C-5 Kg ISO-4440/16 Tensile Strength MPa 15 Min 23°C IS: 148857 Elongation at Break % 350 Min 23°C IS: 14885

Electrofusion Fittings

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Gas Pipe Dimensions

Outer Dia. mm

SDR 17.6 SDR 13.6 SDR 11 SDR 9MIN MAX MIN MAX MIN MAX MIN MAX

Wall Thickness mm16.0 2.3 2.7 2.3 2.7 3.0 3.4 3.0 3.420.0 2.3 2.7 2.3 2.7 3.0 3.4 3.0 3.425.0 2.3 2.7 2.3 2.7 3.0 3.4 3.0 3.432.0 2.3 2.7 2.3 2.7 3.0 3.4 3.6 4.140.0 2.3 2.7 3.0 3.4 3.7 4.2 4.5 5.150.0 2.9 3.3 3.7 4.2 4.6 5.2 5.6 6.363.0 3.6 4.1 4.7 5.3 5.8 6.5 7.1 8.075.0 4.3 4.9 5.5 6.2 6.8 7.6 8.4 9.490.0 5.2 5.9 6.6 7.4 8.2 9.2 10.1 11.3

110.0 6.3 7.1 8.1 9.1 10.0 11.1 12.3 13.7125.0 7.1 8.0 9.2 10.3 11.4 12.7 14.0 15.5140.0 8.0 8.9 10.3 11.5 12.7 14.1 15.7 17.4160.0 9.1 10.2 11.8 13.1 14.6 16.2 17.9 19.8180.0 10.3 11.5 13.3 14.8 16.4 18.2 20.1 22.3200.0 11.4 12.7 14.7 16.3 18.2 20.2 22.4 24.8225.0 12.8 14.2 16.6 18.4 20.5 22.7 25.1 27.8250.0 14.2 15.8 18.4 20.4 22.7 25.1 27.9 30.8280.0 16.0 17.7 20.6 22.8 25.4 28.1 31.3 34.6315.0 17.9 19.8 23.2 25.7 28.6 31.6 35.2 38.7355.0 20.2 22.4 26.1 28.9 32.3 35.7 39.7 43.8400.0 22.8 25.2 29.4 32.5 36.4 40.2 44.7 49.3450.0 25.6 28.3 33.1 36.6 41.0 45.2 50.3 55.5500.0 28.5 31.5 36.8 40.6 45.5 50.2 55.8 61.5560.0 31.9 35.2 41.2 45.5 51.0 56.2 - -630.0 35.8 39.5 46.3 51.1 57.3 63.2 - -

Application: Jain Polyethylene Gas pipe are suitable for Gas distribution network both for domestic & industrial consumption. PE-100 SDR 7 & 9 are suitable for use in cross country gas conveyance pipeline systems.

Jain Gas Pipe Jain Gas Pipe in coil

B-Sure PE Gas Pipes

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B-Sure PE Gas Pipes

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B-Sure PE Gas Pipes

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B-Sure PE Gas Pipes

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PE Landfill Gas Pipe

Landfill conditions present unique challenges for any piping system. In a landfill, a piping system will have to withstand external loads, be highly resistance to corrosive chemicals and harsh environmental conditions. The flexibility and light weight features of polyethylene pipe make it easy to assemble and install especially where conditions are far from perfect. One of the biggest advantages of using our pipe is its promise of leak free operation. Because our landfill gas pipe can be joined by heat fusion, landfill gas can be transferred to the processing plant without any fear of leakage and harm to the surrounding environment.

As with many sanitary landfill projects, corrugated high density polyethylene pipe is used for leachate collection. The inert properties of PE pipe allow it to handle strong leachate solutions ranging in pH from 1.5 to 14. The leak free pipe ensures that the landfill doesn’t violate any regulations by contaminating the groundwater.

Features : Jain PE pipes for landfill gas extraction are most suitable for the specific requirements demanded by the waste disposal environment due to their capacity to withstand temperatures beyond 40°C with high resistance to leachate chemical attack. They are flexible enough to withstand the unstable soil structure in the waste dump and have long life with low maintenance. All the above reasons make them most ideal for the application of landfill gas extraction at economical cost.

Jain PE Screen

Type of Screen: The screens are available in horizontal slots configuration as well as perforated (round hole) configuration. Slot sizes of 1.5 mm width or 5 mm diameter round holes onwards are available.

Pattern of Screen: The pattern of slotting is available according to site/customer requirement either covering 2/3rd of the pipe or total circumference of the pipe.

Size and Range: Jain PE screen is available in all sizes from 50 mm OD through 315 mm OD and higher. Two ranges of pipes are available as per table. Any special requirement will be made available on request. Type of Joints Jain Casing and Screens are available with butt-fusion welding joint for lateral application and with threaded flush joints for well assembly. The joints are also totally corrosion resistant and are free of maintenance. Self-restrained Sure-Loc™ joints are also available on request.

Length of Pipe: Jain screens are available from 1 to 6 metres and casing of 5, 6 and 12 metres lengths as per customer/site requirement.

PE Specials: Jain Landfill Gas extraction and waste disposal PE pipes are available with complete range of fittings like Bends (30°/45°/60°/90°), Equal Tees, Reducer Tees, Stub Ends, Reducers, End-caps and Blind Flanges. Any other special fittings required for site needs are provided on request and drawing.

Specification: Jain PE Landfill Gas extraction pipes are manufactured from PE pipes conforming to IS:4984, DIN: 8074/75 and DIN 19537.

Application: Jain PE Landfill Gas extraction pipes are used in municipal waste dumps as tube-well casing and screens for the extraction of methane gas which is used for power generation.

Jain PE Landfill Gas Extraction Pipes

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Dimension (mm) and Pressure Class IS: 4984/95

OuterDiameter (mm)

Wall Thickness (mm) PE - 80(6 Bar) (10 Bar)

50 2.9 4.663 3.6 5.875 4.3 6.990 5.1 8.2

110 6.3 10.0125 7.1 11.4140 8.0 12.8160 9.1 14.6180 10.2 16.4200 11.4 18.2225 12.8 20.5250 14.2 22.8280 15.9 25.5315 17.9 28.7

Dimension (mm) and Pressure Class IS: 4984/95

Outer Diameter (mm)

Wall Thickness (mm) PE - 63(6 Bar) (10 Bar)

50 3.5 5.663 4.4 7.075 5.3 8.490 6.3 10.0

110 7.7 12.3125 8.8 13.9140 9.8 15.6160 11.2 17.8180 12.6 20.0200 14.0 22.3225 15.7 25.0250 17.5 27.8280 19.6 31.2315 22.0 35.0

Jain PE Landfill Gas Extraction Pipes

Dredge Pipe

Jain Irrigation manufactures leak free PE pipe which can be used for marine and hydraulic dredging industries. PE dredge pipe is well suited for salt water environments with high levels of chlorine. Polyethylene is inert to salt water and is highly resistant to the chlorine that is frequently added to water intake lines. Its flexibility and light weight make it easy to handle and install in water environments. For the development of waterways, pond dredging, land reclamation, sludge dewatering, trout ponds and the restoration of lakes, ponds, rivers, marsh or swamp environments, PE pipe could be the answer.

Drainage Pipe Applications

The main reason for installing drainage pipe is fourfold: to make land more accessible, to conserve land for future use, increasing crop yields and crop diversification. But in addition to its agricultural uses as a drainage tile, drainage pipe can also be used to drain residential lawns and golf courses. PE drainage pipe applications include:

• Subsurface Drainage • Ground Water Collection • Building or Foundation Drainage • Landscaping Drainage • Golf Course Drainage • Field Drainage Tile

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Jain PE Pipe for Sprinkler & Farm Irrigation System

Jain Irrigation Systems Ltd manufactures PE pipes for Sprinkler & Farm Irrigation System and Drainage applications.

Dimensions of PE Sprinkler Pipes of material grades PE 63, 80 & 100 as per IS:14151 (Part-1)-1999

NominalDia

OutsideDia

NominalTolerance

on Outside Dia

OvalityClass 1

(0.25 Mpa)Class 2

(0.32 Mpa)Class 3

(0.4 Mpa)Class 4

(0.6 Mpa)

mm Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max

40 40.0 +0.4 1.4 - - - - - - 2.3 2.8

50 50.0 +0.5 1.4 - - - - 2.0 2.4 2.9 3.4

63 63.0 +0.6 1.5 - - 2.0 2.4 2.5 2.9 3.8 4.4

75 75.0 +0.7 1.6 2.0 2.4 2.5 2.9 3.0 3.4 4.5 5.2

90 90.0 +0.8 1.8 2.2 2.6 2.9 3.4 3.5 4.1 5.3 6.1

110 110.0 +1.0 2.2 2.7 3.2 3.4 3.9 4.2 4.8 6.5 7.4

125 125.0 +1.2 2.5 3.1 3.6 3.8 4.5 4.8 5.5 7.4 8.3

140 140.0 +1.3 2.8 3.5 4.1 4.3 5.0 5.4 6.1 8.3 9.3

160 160.0 +1.5 3.2 3.9 4.5 4.9 5.6 6.2 7.0 9.4 10.6

180 180.0 +1.7 3.6 4.4 5.0 5.5 6.3 6.9 7.8 10.6 11.9

200 200.0 +1.8 4.0 4.9 5.6 6.1 7.0 7.7 8.7 11.8 13.2

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Jain Silicoat PE OFC Duct

Range Micro Duct - Ø 3/1.5, 5/3.5, 7/5.5, 8/4.4, 10/5.5, 10/7.6, 10/8, 12/8, 12/10, 14/10 & 16/10 mm OFC Duct - 29/23, 32/26, 32/27, 32/28, 40/33, 40/34.2, 50/42, 50/43 mm OD/ID

Standards BSNL (TEC) Specification, inhouse

Length Available in straight lengths 6/12 meters in all sizes and in coils upto 140mm OD

Material Grade • PE-63 • PE-80 in different colours

Applications • Optical Fiber Cable (OFC) Ducting for Telecom / Data Networks • Electric Cable Ducting

• Co-Extrusion process was developed in-house by JAINS in their R&D facility during 1993.• Jain PE Ducts (Permanently Lubricated) is the result of innovative development in co-extrusion by JAINS.• It is the versatile and unique solution for High Speed Air Blowing (HSAB) of Optical Fibre Cable (OFC).• Jain Cable Ducts are manufactured with state-of-the-art machinery using latest processing technology and fulfill the

performance requirement of National & International specifications.• Approved by BSNL under TEC specification GR/CDS-08/02 November 2004. Common sizes are 40/33, 40/34.2, 50/42 &

32/26• Approved vendor and supplier to PGCIL, IOCL, GSPL, BSNL, MTNL Tata Tele, Airtel, Aircel, Vodafone, Hutch in India and

also many customers in other countries as well like Alcatel, France. Capable of manufacturing tailor-made as per specifications to suit customer’s requirements.

• Supplied in coils of various lengths up to diameter 110mm.• Supplied with pre-inserted PP rope on request.

Jain Silicoat™ PE OFC Duct

Jain Silicoat™ PE OFC Duct is extruded from selected high quality virgin PE material and co-extruded with special lubricant that is distributed uniformly along the entire inner surface of the duct providing a low friction smooth surface for easy cable drawing or blowing. The outer PE make the pipe more tough and durable and enables the duct to withstand the pressure during HSAB of cable as well as retains the roundness under soil pressure and traffic load.

Jain Self Lubricated PE Duct

The above ducts are also available with homogenous construction to give a smooth finish and low co-efficient of friction. Jain SLB PE Ducts have the same constructional stability and strength as that of Jain Silicoat™ PE Duct.

Jain Ribbed Walled Duct

Jain ducts can also be supplied with inner lubricated area in ribbed form. Ribbed Wall is ideal for pulling or jetting cable, thus reducing surface contact with cable during installation. It is available in various sizes and colours.

Jain PLB Spiro Zoom OFC Duct

Is a duct specially designed for rapid and safe blowing of OFC over long distances.

Jain Silicoat PE OFC Duct

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Jain Silicoat PE OFC Duct

Spirally ribbed construction design has been validated using wind tunnel experiments and the ideal design has been identified.

Friction is a critical limiting factor in determining the type and length of cable installation.

Longitudinal ribbing results in a reduction of the contact surface between the cable and the conduit wall from an area to a line of contact. Decreasing the area of contact under the same sidewall load results in a higher localized normal force. Within a limited range of sidewall loads, the COF is found to go down – at least until the loading cause’s localized damage to the jacket sheath.

Spiral ribbing further reduces the contact area from a line to a series of points. In addition, because the advancing cable is alternately on and off the ribbing, there is an Opportunity for cooling and re-lubrication. Constantly changing the direction of the spiral eliminates the tendency to accumulate spiral-induced torque in the cable.

Further the forward spiral blow of air created by the spiral ribs keep the OFC moving and away from the duct walls. The combined effect of above facilitates safe and rapid blowing of above 2100 meters OFC at a time.

At the time of replacement the existing cable can be de blown just as easily. The other vital advantage is the stress-free nature of the installation.

Technical Specification for Jain PLB HDPE Duct

S.N Test Unit Standard Value1 Tensile Strength N/MM² >202 Elongation % >5003 Reversion % Not change more than 3% in the longitudinal

direction4 ESCR (As per D1693 96 hours Sample should not crack during test period5 Impact Strength Kg The duct shall not crack or split (at 10 kg load)

6 Crush ResistanceThe deflection with load % <10The deflection after recovery % <2

7 Mandrel test The mandrel shall be passed freely through a 5 mtr lengthof duct, when the duct is bent to a radius of 5 mtrs.

8 Oxidation Induction Test Minutes >309 Internal Coefficient of Friction Not more than <0.06

10 Melt Flow Rate (at 5 kg, 190°C) gm/10 min 0.2 to 1.111 Density (Finished Product i.e. Pipe) gm/cc 0.940 to 0.95812 Hydraulic Chracteristics at Temp 80°C

Type testTest Duration Induced Stress The sample shall not show sign of localised swelling

or leakage & shall not burst during the test period165 hrs 3.5 Mpa

Acceptance test 48 hrs 3.8 Mpa13 Ash Content % 0.3 Max

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Jain Silicoat PE OFC Duct

Dimension Sizes for PLB HDPE Duct

Standard dimensions

(OD/ID)

OD mm

Tolerance on Wall Thickness

mm

Inner Layer Wall Thickness

mm

Tensile Strength Min (N/MM²)

Co-efficient of Friction

29/23 29 + 0.3 3 ± 0.2 0.24 to 0.36 20 <0.0632/26 32 + 0.3 3 ± 0.2 0.24 to 0.36 20 <0.0632/27 32 + 0.3 2.5 ± 0.15 0.20 to 0.30 20 <0.0632/28 32 + 0.3 2.0 ± 0.2 0.24 to 0.36 20 <0.0640/33 40 + 0.4 3.5 ± 0.2 0.28 to 0.42 20 <0.06

40/34.2 40 + 0.4 2.9 ± 0.2 0.28 to 0.42 20 <0.0650/42 50 + 0.5 4.0 ± 0.3 0.32 to 0.48 20 <0.0650/43 50 + 0.5 3.5 ± 0.2 0.32 to 0.48 20 <0.0675/67 75 + 0.7 4.0 ± 0.3 0.32 to 0.48 20 <0.06

Jain Rodent Deterrent Duct

Ducts are generally installed by direct burial method. At many places rodents are present even at depth of more than one meter below ground level. Unlike human beings the front teeth of rodents grow throughout their life; hence to trim it they chew soft materials like PE & PVC pipes to keep their teeth within size. This results in damages to the pipes & the cable in it. Jain rodent deterrent ducts provides the best solution to such problems by incorporating a bitterent in the pipe to dissuade rodents from chewing it. These ducts are tested at Institute for Toxicological Studies, Pune for its rodent deterrent properties. The ducts are available in various sizes starting from 32mm onwards.

Jain Fire Retardant Duct

Our constant endeavor in bringing better products to our valued customers we are pleased to introduce Jain Fire Retardant Ducts manufactured as per UL94-V2 specification. State of art testing facility is available in-house (flame chamber from Atlas, USA) for conducting the fire retardant test.

Jain Micro Duct

Jain Micro Ducts are specifically made for installation in the existing (new or old, empty or preoccupied) PE / PVC ducts by blowing, jetting or pulling technique. The ducts can be bunched & blown in various combinations & colors thus allowing extra channels for future cabling needs & increased pathway. Its low sliding friction aids in easier blowing and jetting of micro-ducts & allows longer pulling distance thus increasing duct integrity resulting in quality installation at lower cost.

Micro ducts are available with permanently lubricated smooth inner wall or ribbed inner wall.

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Jain Silicoat PE OFC Duct

Technical Specification for Jain Silicoat PE Micro Duct

S.N. Parameter Specification1 Density 0.940 to 0.958 g/cc at 27°C2 Melt Flow Rate 0.2 to 1.10 gm /10 minute at 190°C & 5 kg load

3 Minimum Bend RadiusNo Cracking, splitting, breaking or permanent reduction in diameter when bend to 180° at radius of 10 times the dia.

4 Internal Pressure Test 5 minutes at 27°C & induced stress at 3.8 mpa5 Internal Coefficient of Friction Max 0.1 at 6.8 Kg load

Pipe Size OD / ID

Nominal Size Outer Diameter Wall ThicknessInner Layer Wall

Thickness OvalityOD ID Min Max Min Max Min

3/1.5 3 1.5 3.0 3.1 0.75 0.85 0.1 0.25/3.5 5 3.5 5.0 5.1 0.75 0.85 0.1 0.27/5.5 7 5.5 7.0 7.1 0.65 0.75 0.1 0.28/4.4 8 4.4 8.0 8.1 1.8 2.0 0.1 0.2

10/5.5 10 5.5 10.0 10.1 2.15 2.25 0.1 0.210/7.6 10 7.6 10.0 10.1 1.1 1.2 0.1 0.210/8 10 8 10.0 10.1 0.9 1.0 0.1 0.212/8 12 8 12.0 12.1 1.9 2.1 0.1 0.2

12/10 12 10 12.0 12.1 0.9 1.0 0.1 0.216/10 16 10 16.0 16.1 2.9 3.1 0.1 0.2

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B-Sure Corrugated PE Pipes and Fittings

Range OD/ID 75/61, 90/76, 125/101, 160/133, 200/168, 250/213 mm

Standards IS 14930( Part 2)-2001, TEC Spec GR/DWC-34/01 SEP 2007 and EN 13476- 1:2002 (E)

Length Available in straight lengths 6/12 meters in all sizes and in coils upto 140mm OD

Applications • Protection of Power Cables and Optical Fiber Ducts • Sewerage & Drainage including Subsoil Drainage • Airport Runway Drainage • HVAC • Detention/ Retention Storm Water Lines • Material Handling

B-Sure Structured Wall HDPE Pipes & Fittings: Success By Design

Structured Wall pipes are differentiated by a pipe wall that has a structured external profile or are composed of different layers to give an improved performance and to meet the specific requirements of any application be it Drainage and Sewer systems , Conduits for Power or Telecom Cables or Civil engineering.

In designing these pipes the principle of Designing for Plastics in kept in mind and the ability of plastics to be formed in to infinitely variable shapes to allow a given weight of Resin Material to provide a wide variety of strength properties especially in the desired areas of Stiffness and Resistance to buckling in the annular direction combined with flexibility in the axial direction is utilized to the users advantage. This ideal blend of structural strength and flexibility that serves well in buried or unburied conditions.

Materials of construction have been selected to ensure Maximum Color stability and weathering properties. Top Quality of Pigments and Additives are used which resist leaching by acids encountered in various aggressive soils. The duct has excellent chemical resistance and does not get brittle at low temperatures.

• PE itself is an extremely versatile piping material with many properties that make ideal for use in underground non pressure piping systems.

• Relatively lightweight, polyethylene allows for easier and less costly transportation and installation.

• Not brittle or rigid, it is not easily susceptible to cracking during pipe handling, installation activities and in life time.

• B-Sure Corrugated PE pipe is resistant to abrasion, corrosion, chemical scouring and is structurally strong with the ability to support large loads.

• B-Sure Corrugated PE pipes is a flexible pipe system that performs well in both high cover and low cover applications.

• Its unique ability to support and distribute live and dead load enables it to meet almost every installation condition.

Manufactured In Three Basic Types:

Single Wall Corrugated: This pipe shall have a full circular cross section, with an annular corrugated surface both inside and outside.

Double Wall Smooth Core Corrugated pipes: This pipe is a full circular dual-wall cross section, with an outer corrugated pipe wall and a smooth inner liner.

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B-Sure Corrugated PE Pipes and Fittings

Double Wall Corrugated Split Pipes: The full circular Dual Wall Cross Section DWC Pipe is split horizontally in half.

Uses of B-Sure PE Corrugated Pipes:• Conduit for Power & Optical Fiber Cables to provide extra Protection under Road Crossings and culverts and other areas

where required • Sanitary Sewers, Storm Water Drainage• Subsurface Drainage, Leachate Collection, Detention/ Retention Storm Water Management Systems,• Grouting of Pre Stressing Wires, Material Handling

B-Sure stands for Success by Design rather than by chance and the Profile design is fine tuned for each end application.

Diameter in mm Outer diameter Inner diameter

250 213200 168160 133125 10190 7675 61

B-Sure Cable Pro for Telecom & Power Cable Applications

As Conduit Systems they are used for the Protection and Management of Insulated Conductors and Cables in Electrical and Communication systems. These are specified and extensively used in Railways, BSNL, CPWD, NHAI etc. for cable laying in Signaling, Electrical & Telecommunication. They conform to the Indian Standard Specification IS-14930 (Part II) 2001 and TEC Specification No: GR /DWC-34/01 Sep. 2007 with Latest Amendments.

These are Semi Rigid High strength ducts with a Corrugation Height and Width designed to optimize the HDPE Properties to enable the duct withstand high crush loads which may occur during installation or in service.

The Inner Surface is smooth and free from burrs, flash and other inconsistencies which may damage the cable sheaths when they are drawn in.

These are widely specified and used as Additional Protection for OFC Ducts at places like Road and Rail Crossings, Road Culverts, Local Area Networks, In Metropolitan and Municipal Limits, Water Logged areas, Marshy Lands and where ever specified. B-SURE Cable Pro is made in any of the following eight colors namely Violet, Indigo, Blue, Green, Yellow, Orange, Red.

The conduits when bent or compressed or exposed to Impact of a specified value for the product either during or after the installation will not crack or deform to such an extent that introduction of PLB HDPE ducts becomes difficult or that the installed ducts are likely to be damaged while being drawn in.

The resistance of Cable Pro DWC ducts to External Influence and to Ingress of water is tested and found much superior. Duct and Cable Installation is facilitated by the flexibility of B-Sure Cable Pro to accommodate Minor direction changes of the trench. Sharp direction changes can be achieved by using Short lengths of Coil able Version of Cable Pro or using readily available Double Wall Bends in various diameters & angles.

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B-Sure Corrugated PE Pipes and Fittings

B-Sure Drainwell for Sewerage & Drainage Applications

Properties of HDPE pipes which offer advantages in this application include:

Higher Abrasion Resistance compared to other pipe materials. For this reason, a common application of HDPE pipes in road works is for conveying storm water down steep slopes.

Chemical Resistance: Are Inert to most chemicals and corrosion proof. HDPE is inert in aggressive ground conditions such as acid sulfate soils and in saline conditions. It can withstand hydrogen sulfide gas and sulfuric acid in sewers. (Please refer to Chemical Resistance Chart of HDPE for detailed information).

Hydraulic Smoothness: The smooth plastic internal surface offers improved hydraulic performance compared to other materials. This reduces Silt deposition and inhibits incrustation and increases flow.

Strength and Flexibility: HDPE is Strong yet Flexible – can with stand soil settlements with no leakage (Unlike PSC Pipes). Light Weight, Durable, Strong, Easy to Handle and Install and not easily susceptible to cracking during pipe handling and installation activities.The pipes are considerably lighter than conventional materials, and can either be maneuvered by hand or at the most use less costly mechanical equipment for placement. This is advantageous on steep slopes or in difficult terrain, difficult to reach spots along railway lines etc.

Long Lengths: The stock length of pipe is 6/12//50 ( coils ) meters, which reduces the number of joints and facilitates construction.

Rubber Ring Joints are easy to use and Leak Proof

HDPE Corrugated Pipes Need lesser excavation for laying and are installed much faster.

Due to the above excellent properties, HDPE corrugated pipe is proving to be the proven, reliable, cost-effective and safe solution for your long-term drainage needs.

Applications: For gravity flow water management like Storm Drainage, Subsurface Drainage, Sanitary sewers Leachate collection, Detention/Retention Storm Water Management Systems.

Residential Applications include Trench & French Drains, Structure Under Drains, Gas Collection, Water Wells, and Dry Wells.

Commercial and Industrial Applications include Highway Culverts, Airport Runways & Parking lots, Around Nuclear Power Plants, Reactor Buildings etc .

Storm Water Drainage: Most Progressive Municipal Corporations have realized that the future of the storm water management is to be handled by only the best technology. HDPE Corrugated Pipe is manufactured from the highest quality materials and is the most technologically advanced product available to move storm water and wastewater.

Sewerage Piping: In most Urban areas Transporting of Waste water from Residential, Commercial and Industrial areas is done by a water borne Piped system. The cost of this Piped system is almost 80% of the sewerage scheme and selection of the suitable / correct piping is essential for the short term as well as whole lifetime efficient performance of the Sewerage system. Vital factors include Structural Stability, Non Breakable nature, Ease of Handling due to Low Weight, Water Tightness, Economy in Capital, Low Operational and Maintenance cost. B-Sure Drain Well Double Wall Corrugated Pipes are designed to specifically address each of the above requirements of a ideal sewerage piping material and possess the properties listed above make them far more superior to Pre-stressed Cement Concrete, Asbestos Cement and other conventional piping material.

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B-Sure Perforated Pipe for Subsurface Drainage :

B-Sure Corrugated PE pipe is also produced with perforations of varying styles and spacing. The pipe can be either fully perforated, i.e. slotted around the entire circumference or half-perforated, i.e. have holes on only one side of the pipe, non-perforated and perforated covered in filter sock.

Perforations allow subsurface water to be collected and transplanted to favorable locations for discharge. Perforated pipe gives you the control you need to direct underground water where you want it, to encourage proper surface water percolation and in many cases to lower the groundwater table.

Sub soil drainage systems are used to collect leachate under landfill sites as well as used to control and direct underground water transport and to encourage proper surface water percolation and control water levels in Airport Runways, Golf Courses, Athletic Fields, Hillside Development projects and in agricultural fields to improve soil condition

The mining industry has a special application of sub soil drainage that is ideal for corrugated PE perforated pipe. A technique called heap leaching is used to recover low-grade deposits of copper, gold and silver. A cyanide solution sprayed over soil containing gold or silver converts the minerals to a chemical compound. The solution is collected in a perforated pipe and transported to ponds. The gold or silver is recovered from the ponds using carbon absorption or precipitation. PE is well suited to this process because it is highly resistant to chemical attack. Tests have shown little or no degradation of PE with long term exposure to a pH range from 1.5 to 14.0.

Other Applications :

B Sure HDPE Corrugated ducts are used extensively in many other applications like:

A) Structural & Civil Engineering uses for Grouting

B) Material Handling of Non Abrasive material like pastes, slushy material.

Accessories: B-Sure PE Corrugated Pipes is provided with following accessories.a) Snap Fit Coupler along with Neoprene Rubber ‘O’ Rings to joint

B-Sure Corrugated Pipes.b) End Cap to cover the ends of the B-Sure Corrugated Pipes.

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Jain PE Fittings

Jain Polyethylene Butt-Weld Fittings

PE Flange with Weld NeckSize : 20mm - 1600mm

PN : 4,6 bar

PE Moulded Flange (Slip-on)Size: 20mm - 315mm

PN: 4,6 bar

PE Sandwich FlangeSize : 20mm - 630mm

PN : 4,6,8,10,12.5,16 bar

PE Blind FlangeSize : 63mm - 1600mm

PN : 4,6 bar

MS Slip-on FlangeSize: 63mm - 1600mm

PN: 4,6,8,10,12.5,16 bar

Swing JointsSize: ½’’, 3/4’’ and 1’’

PN: 4,6,8,10 bar

PE Pipe End (Long Neck)Size: 63mm - 1600mm

PN: 4,6,8,10,12.5,16 bar

PE Single / Multi Stage ReducerSize: 32mm - 1600mm

PN: 4,6,8,10,12.5,16 bar

PE End CapSize: 20mm - 1600mm

PN: 4,6,8,10,12.5,16 bar

Duck Foot BendSize: 63mm - 560mm

PN: 4,6,8,10,12.5,16 bar

PE Bend (Plain Ended)Size: 63mm - 1600mm

PN: 4,6,8,10,12.5,16 barDeg.: 90⁰, 60⁰, 45⁰, 30⁰.

PE Equal Tee (Plain Ended)Size: 63mm - 1600mm

PN: 4,6,8,10,12.5,16 bar

PE Equal Tee with Flanged EndsSize: 63mm - 1600mm

PN: 4,6,8,10,12.5,16 bar

PE Unequal Tee with Flanged Ends (Single / Multistage)

Size : 63mm - 1600mmPN : 4,6,8,10,12.5,16 bar

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Jain PE Fittings

Quick - Connect™ Fittings - Plastic Clamps

Features and Specifications

• Manufactured from virgin PE material.

• Clamps moulded from high impact engineering plastic. Metal clamps similar to plastic clamp design are available on demand.

• Nitrile seal for positive sealing.

• Excellent chemical and weather resistance.

• Unique design of joints provides all round grip on pipe to prevent leakage and snapping at high pressure.

• Easy to handle & allows fast installation.

Male Coupler Reducer Female CouplerBend

Serivice Saddle End Cap Tee Pump Connector

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Quick - Connect™ Fittings - Heavy Duty - Metal ClampsFeatures and Specifications• ManufacturedfromvirginPEmaterial.• Heavydutyzincplatedclampsandlever.• Leverhooktoclamponthesocketandallowforhighpressurejoint.• Nitrilesealforpositivesealing.• Excellentchemicalandweatherresistance.

Jain PE Fittings

Male Coupler Female Coupler Tee

Note: Quick-Connect™ plastic joint fittings can also be supplied in any other configurations on demand.

Flange Connector Female

Reducer Valve Opener Flange Connector Male Bend

Internal Valve Coupler Service Saddle End Cap Hydrant Assembly

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Turnkey Solutions & Project Execution

Survey for Turnkey Project Map preparation & Designing

Jains offer complete services for Polyethylene (PE) Piping Systems on Turn-Key basis which includes Site Survey, Design, Selection of Material, Supply, Installation, Testing and Training in most economical way supported by a large pool of engineers.

Turn-Key Services - CapabilitiesJain Irrigation offers more than Irrigation Solutions such as : • Water Supply and Plumbing System,• Gas Distribution System,• Industrial Fluid Conveying Systems, • Effluent Conveyance & Disposal Systems,• Marine On-shore & Off-shore Piping, Lift,• Sprinkler and Drip Irrigation Systems,• Relining of Existing Pipelines and Rehabilitation of Old Sewerage Lines etc.• Testing & Commissioning of the complete systems/network• Training both In-house & on the field

Indeed it is the only company in the country which offers such a wide range of products and services.

Project consultancy and design, International quality PVC & PE piping systems and other products. Backed with top class contracting expertise.

A win-win combination of all 3.

We have a large pool of Scientists, Technicians & Engineers backed-up by the widest spectrum of products whose quality is assured by our DSIR approved R&D laboratory, ISO 9001 / ISO 14001 system combined with over 25 years of solid experience.

We undertake Projects on Turn-Key basis from concept to commissioning with value added services. We offer cost effective, down-to-earth solutions for complex challenges backed by our core strength of global knowledge and experience using local man-power. An ideal combination of technology, intelligence and common sense.

Whatever be the nature of the project requirement, Jain Irrigation assures Total Turn-Key solutions and maximum value for your money spent.

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“No Chain is Stronger than its Weakest Link” phrase is also equally true for piping system joints. The main requirements to be fulfilled are hydraulic tightness as well as structural stability of the system.

For the satisfactory performance of Jain PE pipe system, design and installation methods mainly rely on the appropriate choice and properly made connections. An adequate and properly made pipe joint will lead to faster and non-hazardous system operation.

With a view to fulfill the above important aspects of pipeline system as well as to provide the user industry a choice based on application and economy, Jains have developed several types of jointing systems like Butt Fusion and Electro-Fusion permanent joints and detachable joints such as Flanged Joints, Self Restrained Sure-Loc Joints, Quick-Connect™ Joints, Compression Joints, Snap Fit etc. The choice of joint required for installing Jain PE piping system depends upon requirements based on internal or external pressure, leak tightness, restraint against longitudinal or side movement, construction and installation requirements as well as application.

1. The Science of Heat Fusion Welding

The fundamental of heat fusion welding is to heat two PE pipe surfaces to an appropriate temperature, changing the resin’s molecular structure to an amorphous liable state, and then fuse them together by application of prescribed force until cooling occurs, returning the material to a crystalline state and creating one homogeneous pipe.

When fusion pressure is applied at the designated temperature and prescribed force, the molecules from each pipe surface ends’ surface mix homogeneously with each other. As the joint cools, the molecules return to their crystalline form, the original interfaces have been removed, and the two pipes have become one continuous length. The end result is a fusion joint that is as strong or stronger than the pipe itself, and this creates the leak-free joint with excellent resistant to soil movement due to settlement or even due to earthquake. This is one of the amazing strengths of PE pipe.

A) Butt Fusion

Butt Fusion jointing is a method of jointing PE pipes using thermal fusion. This technique permits the quick assembly of long continuous joints in a faster and economical way without the use of modified pipe end or couplers. The fused joints are reliable and as strong as the pipe itself thus providing total leak proof system. We also provide experienced and skilled staff to conduct and supervise the jointing operations.

Jain PE Pipes – Jointing Methods

Bead Formation of PE pipe

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B) Electro Fusion Welding

Electro fusion welding is a method of joining PE pipes using fittings with integral heating elements Sockets are used to join mains and service pipes and saddle fittings are used to connect services to mains.

• The pipe to be joined must be prepared by removing the outer surface layer to a depth of around 0.2 mm, then pipe and fitting are clamped together to prevent movement

• Specified electric current is applied across the fitting terminals via a control box. • The electric current passes through the embedded wire which heats the wire and melts the polymer, fusing the

fitting to the pipe. The joint is allowed to cool before removing the restraining clamps. Electrofusion fittings are available in Ø 20 to 355 mm, 7/12.5/16 Bar-Yellow, Blue & Black

2. Compression Joint

Jains have a range of compression fittings which could adapt to PLAIN ENDS of PE PIPES. Jains manufacture Compression Fittings suitable for PE pipes ranging from 20 mm to 110 mm OD with (10 &16 bar).

3. Flanged Joint

If transition is to be made to another piping material or if a pipe section capable of disassembly is required, then Jain PE Pipe Ends (also called Stub-Ends) are available that can be welded to the pipe by means of heat fusion. A metal backup flange with appropriately sized and spaced bolt holes permits bolting to standard or specially sized flanges. Jain PE pipes of desired lengths can be supplied with the factory welded stub end and flange (of desired material) ready to be bolted together at the project work site.

• Inspect flange faces and ensure that they are clean and undamaged.• Check that the correct backing flange is supplied.• Check that the correct gasket is available.• Loosely assemble flanges. Ensure that flanges and bolt holes align and that flange faces are parallel. Ensure that the

gasket is correctly positioned.• Tighten bolts gradually, in sequence, to ensure even loading around the flange to avoid distortion. Ensure that washers

are used under bolt heads and nuts.

Jain PE Pipes – Jointing Methods

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• The sequence for 8 and above bolt holes is that the tightening should be done on bolts opposite to each other (180°).

4. Quick Release Joint

This type of joint is most commonly used in Sprinkler Irrigation Systems where quick engagement & disengagement of joints are required. In this system Jain PE Pipes and fittings are welded on one side with spigot & on the other side with socket having a Hydraulic rubber seal inside it. To make a joint, spigot coupler is pushed in to the socket coupler, clamped and is locked.

5. Joint Quick Connect

Jain Quick-Connect™ PE Piping Systems offer a multitude of advantages for end users in the fields of Agriculture, Industry, Mining, Drilling and Construction. This System is easy to work with due to its quick-connecting and disconnecting joints and will provide years of reliable and flexible service to the user.

6. HDPE Sure-Loc™ Joints

Jain Sure-loc™ joints are the new generation joints which are aimed at evolving an easy and quick jointing system without the need for butt, electro fusion or any type of mechanical joints. Jain Sure-loc joints are flexible in the sense that they are detachable. The joint integrity is achieved by rubber ring sealing. The joint is self restrained and does not require thrust blocking or anchoring to keep the joint from separating under pressure. It is an excellent joint for above ground installations as the joints can take care of the linear expansion and contraction of the pipe due to temperature variations.

7. Insert Type Joint

This type of joint is used where PE Pipe is to be connected with another system having metallic fittings such as G.I. Coupler or Flange. To make this type of Joint, PE Pipe is heated to a temperature of 120°C in oil and then Serrated Metallic Nipple is inserted into it and secured by Jubilee Clip to ensure a leak-proof joint. This type of joint is generally used in bore well application for connecting to submersible pump.

Jain PE Pipes – Jointing Methods

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Trenchless - Horizontal Directional Drilling

This “State of the Art” technology is one which is used with PE pipe and enables placement of pipes with minimum disruption to surface activities and other underground services.

Horizontal Directional Drilling is ideal for installing infrastructure beneath Highways, Roads and Railway tracks, without affecting Traffic Load on these networks. The technology can also be used for crossing of Rivers, Streams, Lakes, Buildings & Other structures.

Jain PE Pipe is an ideal choice for horizontal and directional drilling applications. The inherent properties of PE accommodate all the desired performance characteristics needed for this demanding application.

Pipe in Pipe

In some cases of damaged M.S., C.I., D.I., SW piping system, rehabilitation by open excavation is not possible. These pipes can be renewed by PE pipes. Because of less frictional resistance, we can insert small diameter and structurally strong HDPE pipe in the old pipe without affecting flow carrying capacity.

Typical Horizontal Directional Drilling Sketch

Drilling Rig

Rock Head

Design Grade

Exit Pit

Sewer Rehabilitation by Pipe in Pipe method (Slip lining) for Mumbai Municipal Corporation

Installation Methods

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Pipe Bursting

For trench less pipe replacement, Jain PE Pipe are used in pipe bursting projects. This type of installation requires little or no trenching.On a worldwide scale, old water, sewer or gas mains have often suffered severe failures due to corrosion, tree root infestation, pipe settlement and misaligned pipe joints. Over the years this has lead to leakages in the pipes and formation of sink holes, which in turn becomes a danger to the public.

Pipebursting is proven method for trench less pipe renewal by following the existing pipeline bore path. The old pipe (from ND 50) buried in the ground is broken and the fragments displaced whilst simultaneously pulling in the new pipe, which is often larger in diameter, thus increasing existing capacity. Pipe bursting renews pressure and sewage pipes made of vitrified clay, cast iron, ductile iron, steel, asbestos cement, plastic as well as some concrete sewage pipes. Daily replacement productivity levels of 200m per day are common place.

Floating and Buoyancy Control

Floating pipes are frequently used for Floating Dredge Lines and Floating Docks.

Floating Docks: Are a revolutionary concept for placing Floating Pumps for Raw Water Intake from Ponds and Lakes, Water Sports and Recreation, Fishing and Boating. They are used on Ocean, Lakes and Ponds for several years of service. HDPE pipe is popular because it is easy to install, tough, ductile and it will float forever and is the obvious choice for strength, longevity, environmental sensitivity, and economy.

HDPE Floating docks usually use HDPE pipe sizes ranging from 355 mm to 630 mm OD with 25 mm wall thickness. Butt Fusion Welded HDPE pipes are completely water-tight. These float frames are rugged and virtually unsinkable, have structural strength beneath the water as well as above it and can handle all marine environments . Due to this HDPE pipes are an excellent choice for any floatation device. The unique advantage of these Floating Pumps is that the need to add and remove pipes as the water level goes up or down is eliminated.

Floating Dredge Pipes and Water Intake Pipes : HDPE Pipes are preferred for these applications. Polyethylene is inert to salt water and is highly resistant to the chlorine that is frequently added to water intake lines.

Polyethylene Dredge pipe is used by Marine and Hydraulic dredging industries for Port Deepening, Inland Waterways Development, Lake Pond and River Reclamation and Dredging, Land reclamation, Sludge Removal etc .

Dredgers use Solid Handling Pumps to Pump out a mix of water and sand/silt / sludge through these floating pipes. HDPE Floating lines are used for delivery of this material from the Dredger to the shore.

Construction: The carrier pipe of 315mm to 560mm OD PE – 63 Pipes are used in 6 meter lengths, with flanged ends. Each Pipe Length is supported on both sides with 4 meter long Floatation Pipes of suitable size. The Floater pipes are fixed securely to the carrier pipe using Galvanized U Bolts. Between each 6 meter length of the carrier pipe, Neoprene Rubber Flexible Hoses of 2 meter length with flanged ends are used to give more flexibility and avoid strain on the pipe end joints. As the dredger goes away from the shore, additional sections of the Dredge Pipe are added.

HDPE Pipes are often used for Buoyancy Control during laying of large diameter Steel Pipes under water by Horizontal Directional Drilling Methods.

New Pipe

Old Pipe

Power Unit

Bursting UnitTypical Pipe Bursting Sketch

Installation Methods

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Under Water Applications

The hydraulic design of the pipeline for underwater installation with respect to flow rate, size, working pressure class of the pipeline etc. is the same as for any other piping system.

One example of under water Installation of HDPE Pipes is done in Thermal Desalination Plants. PE pipe of 560-1000 mm OD is welded to a length of about 1000 meters. This length is then dragged in to the sea and Installed downwards to the sea bottom where the temperaure of water is as low as 7 Deg C or even lower. This cold water is Pumped in to Condensors on the surface. Using this Temerature Gradient , De salination is carried out . This technology is well suited to provide Drinking water to Isolated Islands , which do not have any other source of Potable water .

Installation Methods

Under Water Installation of 630 mm HDPE Pipe for National Institute of Oceanography

Mean Sea Level

400 m depth

Clump

Clump

Pipe 600 -1000m long

Pipe 200m long

Schematic Diagram of Thermal Desalination

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Installation Methods

Above-Ground Installations

Many applications require that a pipe is laid out or strung out across the existing terrain. It may simply be placed on the ground surface.

Unrestrained installation allows the pipe to move freely in response to temperature change.

The PE Pipe is Snaked along the right of way and the excess pipe allows some slack that will be taken up when the temperature drops and the pipe contracts. The Pipe will terminate at some rigid structure and the transition from free moving PE Pipe to Rigid Pipe is fully stabilized to prevent stress concentration within the connection.

Restrained Pipe Line : Common restraint methods are :

***Earthern Berms *** Pylons*** Augured Anchors *** Concrete Cradles

The pipeline may be completely covered with a shallow layer of earth cover over its entire length or it may be stabilized at intervals with Earthern Berms between Anchor Locations .

The Earthern Berms Moderate the temperature fluctuations also and due to this the Pipe movement is reduced. These types of installations may be made necessary by any one of several factors such as the economic considerations of a temporary piping system & the ease of inspection and maintenance. Often the prevailing local conditions prevent burial of the pipe.

The Properties of Polyethylene pipe which make it suitable for these applications are: Unique Joint Integrity, Toughness, Flexibility, and Low Weight.

Some Widely Used Applications : Temporary water lines. Bypass lines. Dredge lines. Minetailings/ Fines-disposal piping Slurry Transport in many industries, Oil and Gas Collection.

Design Criteria:

Temperature: As a general rule, polyethylene pipe can be used safely at temperatures as low as -75°F (-60°C) and as high as 150°F (65°C).

Chemical Resistance : Unlike many piping materials, polyethylene pipe will not rust, rot, pit, or corrode as a result of chemical, electrolytic, or galvanic action. Please refer to the Chemical Resistance Chart on Page 87.

Temporary Over Ground Installation for Crude Oil Conveyance Temporary Waterline for Highway Construction

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Ultraviolet Exposure: When Installed outdoors in above-ground applications, Polyethylene will be subjected to extended periods of direct sunlight. However it is sufficiently protected when the Pipe is produced with a minimum 2.0% concentration of finely divided and evenly dispersed carbon black.

Mechanical Impact or Loading : Any piping material that is installed in an exposed location is subject to the rigors of

the surrounding environment. It can be damaged by the movement of vehicles or other equipment, and such damage generally results in gouging, deflecting, or flattening of the pipe surfaces. In Such cases the Pipe is encased in cement concrete.

Supported or suspended Pipelines :

HDPE pipe may also be suspended or cradled in support structures on the Pipeline right of way. Pipe support should be designed to give lateral constraint against movement, while allowing free movement of pipe in axial direction. Support spacing requirements are given below.

For some applications continous support is given throughout the length of the pipeline.

Installation Methods

Note : The values from graph are to be multiplied by:1.00 for HDPE pipe rated pressure 4 kg/cm² (Class II)1.10 for HDPE pipe rated pressure 6 kg/cm² (Class III) and1.25 for HDPE pipe rated pressure 10 kg/cm² (Class IV)

Recommended Supports Spacing

Dis

tanc

e be

twee

n su

ppor

ts fo

r 2.5

Kg/

cm² p

ipe

Cairn Energy Barmer Twin Lines for Raw Water Suction Over Head Installation at Ramky Pharmacity

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62

Excavated Trench Width

12” to 18”

Pipe ZoneSpringline

Haunch Zone

Final Backfill

Secondary Backfill

Primary Backfill

Bedding

Foundation (may not be required)

Crown

Invert

Typical Pipe Installation

Installation Methods

HDPE Stay Cable Pipe

Cable Stayed Bridges have galvanized wires strand for supporting cables. These are protected by HDPE pipe in different diameters. We have developed a special type of HDPE pipe in 2-layer construction with the outer layer in diffrent colors like Golden Yellow or Light Blue with UV protection and inner layer in black color. The Ratio of Inner to Outer layer is decided in consultation with the client.

Underground Installations

The care taken during installation will dramatically affect the system performance. In any pipe installation the selection of pipe material plays only 1%, the stiffness of the pipe 2%, the depth of installation 17% and the method of installation 80% role in the performance of the system.

Additional information on pipe burial may be found in the various standards such as :1. IS 7634 for Installation.2. ASTM D 2321 - Standard Practice for Underground Installation of Thermoplastic pipe for Sewers and Other Gravity Flow

applications.3. ASTM D 2774 - Standard Practice for Underground Installation of Thermoplastic Pressure Piping.

Typical Trench Size for under ground installation: Generally the pipes are buried at depth of 1 meter depending upon movement of traffic above the ground.• Trench Width = D + 40 cm.• Minimum Sand Cushion a. below pipe = (10+D/10) cm, b. above pipe = 15 cm

Where D = Outside diameter of pipe in cm.

Buried installations generally involve trench excavation, bed preparation, placing pipe in the trench, backfilling around the pipe, and then placing backfill to the required finished grade. Pipe application and service requirements, size, type, soil conditions,

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Installation Methods

backfill soil quality, burial depth and joining requirements will all affect the installation.

Cold Bending of Jain HDPE Pipes: HDPE Pipes can be cold bent to a minimum radius of 20-40 times the pipe diameter as it is installed. This eliminates the need of elbows for slight bends. The normally recommended radius of curvature is 25 times the pipe diameter to form a bend without kinking the pipe.

Narrow trenching: Since HDPE pipes can either be butt fused in long lengths or it can use in coil form, narrow trench width is sufficient for underground installation. This leads to saving in installation cost. The length of open trench required should be sufficient to bend and lower the HDPE pipes in trench without forming any kinks. The trench width required depends on its depth and type of soil. It should be sufficient to allow the soil to give adequate compaction around the pipe. Generally a trench width equivalent to 50 cm more than the pipe diameter is adequate.

Pipe Embedment: The backfill materials enveloping a buried pipe are shown in the drawing by their function or location. A foundation is required only when the native trench bottom does not provide a firm working platform, or the necessary uniform and stable support for the installed pipe. If a foundation is installed, bedding is required above the foundation.

Bedding: In addition to bringing the trench bottom to required pipe bottom grade, the bedding levels out any irregularities and ensures uniform support along the pipe length. Bedding is required when a foundation is installed, but a foundation may not be required to install bedding.

Haunching: The embedment under the pipe haunches supports the pipe and distributes the load. The quality of the haunching backfill and its placement are the most important factors in limiting flexible pipe deformation.

Initial Back fill: This is the critical zone of embedment surrounding the pipe from the foundation to at least 150 cm over the pipe. The pipe’s ability to support loads and resist deflection is determined by the quality of its placement. Within this zone are bedding, haunching, primary and secondary zones.

Primary Initial Backfill: This embedment zone provides primary support against lateral pipe deformation. It extends from pipe bottom grade to at least 3/4th of the pipe diameter height, or to at least 6” over the pipe crown if the pipe is installed where the pipe will be continuously below normal groundwater level.

Secondary Initial Backfill: Embedment material in this zone distributes overhead loads and isolates the pipe from any adverse effects from placing final backfill material. Where the ground water level may rise over the pipe, the secondary initial backfill should be a continuation of the primary initial backfill.

Final Backfill: Final backfill is not on an embedment material, however, it should be free of large rocks, lumps, construction debris, stones, stumps and any other material with a dimension greater than 8”.

Recommended Maximum depth of Installation

Type of LoadDepth in Meters for various Pressure Classes

2.5 Kg/cm² 4 Kg/cm² 6 Kg/cm² 10 Kg/cm²

Soil Load 4.0 5.0 6.5 10.0

Traffic Load 3.0 4.2 6.0 10.0

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Installation Methods

Slip Lining

Slip Lining of Old / Deteriorated / Crumbling Sewer mains and water pipes with HDPE Piping is a viable alternative to open-cut replacement. Both Gravity or Drain line restoration as well as Rehabilitation of forced sewer mains have been done with HDPE slip lining for years.

Typical Slip-Lining Set Up

Slip Lining of Railway Culverts..

Slip Lining with HDPE Piping gives new life to old culverts along railway lines and this procedure give the railways a cost effective option to stoppage of Rail Traffic and total dig out boring, drilling and replacement.

Many of the culverts along the Railway lines are built right from early 1900s. To maintain these without stoppage of rail traffic Slip Lining has been the most suited and preferred procedure. At many locations, it is just not possible to replace an existing culvert. Many railways have Re newed crumbling culverts in the past successfully and the excellent results are encouraging. HDPE Piping with a estimated design life of 100 years has become a long term solution. Following points are to be noted:1) The Liner Pipe is made from PE 100, with a very high ESCR.2) HDPE with C value of 150 can have a smaller Inner diameter than the existing Culvert and still maintain same or more flow.3) Pipe Stiffness is kept high to resist defelection.4) Proper Grouting of the Annular Space is important to prevent buckling.

The Process

A winch cable is inserted through the existing pipeline and attached to the nose cone which is fitted to the leading end of the new liner pipe. A nose cone is used to prevent snagging of the pipe and to aid attachment of the winch. The maximum Pulling load on the pipe is specified to avoid excessive stretching, when HDPE pipe is winched in through the old pipeline. This load should be limited to half the short term yield strength of the material at its given temperature.

Table lists the recommended maximum Pulling load to be applied for temperatures up to and including 20°C, for common pipe sizes in both PE80 and PE100 materials. Maximum Towing Load at any other temperature = (Max. load at 20°C) * (Reduction factor for specified temp).

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Installation Methods

The reduction factors apply equally to both PE80 and PE100 materials. We recommend that the pipe be installed beyond the required position to allow for any shrinkage that may be caused by recovery of the strain imposed during the installation. Before making may end connections, the newly pulled HDPE Pipe should be left for a period of time equal to at least 5 times the period for which the pipe was under load.

Maximum recommended pulling loads for PE pipes and liners at 20°C

Pipe OD

in mmSDR

Max. 20°C load (Tonnes)

PE80 PE10020 8.7 0.10 - 25 11 0.13 - 32 11 0.21 - 50 11 0.5 - 63 11 0.8 - 90 17 1.1 1.4 90 11 1.7 2.1

110 26 1.1 1.4 110 17 1.7 2.1 110 11 2.5 3.1 125 26 1.5 1.8 125 17 2.2 2.7 125 11 3.2 4.1 160 26 2.4 3.0 160 17 3.6 4.5 160 11 5.3 6.6 180 26 3.0 3.8 180 17 4.5 5.6 180 11 6.7 8.4

Pipe OD

in mmSDR

Max. 20°C load (Tonnes)

PE80 PE100225 26 4.7 5.9 225 17 7.0 8.8 225 11 10.5 13.1 250 26 5.8 7.3 250 17 8.7 10.9 250 11 13 16 315 26 9 12 315 17 14 17 315 11 21 26 355 26 12 15 355 17 18 22 355 11 26 33 400 26 15 19 400 17 22 28 400 11 33 42 450 26 19 24 450 17 28 35 450 11 42 53 500 26 23 29

The values assume pipe wall stresses equal to half the short-term material yield values at 20°C.

Pipe OD

in mmSDR

Max. 20°C load (Tonnes)

PE80 PE100500 17 35 43 500 11 52 65 560 26 29 36 560 17 44 55 560 11 65 81 630 26 37 46 630 17 55 69 630 11 82 103 710 26 47 59 710 17 70 88 800 26 59 74 800 17 89 111 900 26 75 94 900 17 113 141

1000 26 93 116 1000 17 139 174

Temperature Coefficient 20°C 1.00 30°C 0.87 40°C 0.74

50°C 0.61 NOTE 1: Analysis according to ISO/TR 9080:1992 may show that less reduction is applicable.

NOTE 2: For other temperatures between each step, interpolation is permitted (see ISO 13761)

Pressure Reduction Coefficients at various operating temp.

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Vertical Installation of HDPE Pipes

HDPE Piping is often installed vertically or in steep slopes.

1) HDPE Pipes are used as Penstock in Micro Hydro Power Plants, which use Low Impact Turbines to produce power up to about 5 MW .The Black Bear Lake Hydro Project , in Alsaka is one example of such a Installation consisting of the following features: (1). A 215 acre reservoir (Black Bear Lake) at elevation 1,687 with storage capacity of 3,200 acre feet (2). A 600-foot-long Siphon, 30-inch-diameter HDPE penstock with a vacuum pump assembly and structure at the high point elevation of 1,695 msl. (3). A 30-inch ( 800 mm OD ) HDPE penstock with a total length of 4,900-feet (820-feet buried intake and siphon, 1,930-feet supported on concrete saddles, and 2,150-feet buried to the powerhouse.

2) HDPE Piping is many times continued from the Pure water Over Head tanks to the roof top storage tanks of the Residential Apartments, which is the best method for avoiding contamination and wastage. Vertical Riser Pipes are fixed to the Apartment walls by Screw On clamps at every meter distance. Plastic Clamps are readily available in all common sizes up to 160 mm. Rubber Lined Metal Clamps can also be used.

Installation Methods

NPCIL Anuvijay Township HDPE Riser Pipe for Carrying R.O. Water to Roof Top

HDPE Riser PipeHDPE Riser Pipe

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Jointing - Do’s and Don’t

Storage

1. Pipes should be carefully inspected at the time of delivery and any visibly defective material set aside before accepting the delivery into stores. Such defects should be notified and inform to the supply source immediately. Any pipe section or fitting containing scratches, dents or marks that exceed 10% (Ten percent) of the wall thickness shall be deemed unusable and rejected, or the suspect section or fitting removed from service.

2. All pipe stacks should be made on sufficiently firm, flat ground to support the weight of the pipes and any necessary lifting equipment. Stacking heights should be kept to a minimum and adequate space allotted for lifting machinery to maneuver without accidental damage occurring.

3. Pipe coils should be stored flat.

4. Where individual pipe lengths are stacked in pyramidal fashion, deformation may occur in the lower layers, particularly in warm weather. Such stacks should therefore be not greater than 5 ft. high.

5. Polyethylene fittings should be stored on racking and the manufacturer’s protective wrapping or cartons kept intact for as long as possible.

6. At all times pipes and fittings should be stored away from exhaust outlets and all other high temperature sources.

7. Care should also be taken to avoid contact with lubricating or hydraulic oils, gasolines, solvents and other aggressive chemicals.

8. All special tools and equipment associated with the jointing of polyethylene pipes and fittings should be stored separately and securely until they are required for use.

Vertically & Horizontally suspended HDPE Pipes.

9. There are two main factors to be considered when specifying support details for suspended PE pipe systems: Technical requirements & Aesthetics.

10. The correct specification of suspended PE pipe system must take into account expansion and contraction of pipe at extreme maximum and minimum service temperatures.

11. Pipe routes should avoid close proximity with other hot pipes or hot surfaces. Pipe clips, hangers, anchors, clamps etc can be of metallic or plastic material.

12. The essential criteria is that surfaces bearing on the pipe must be flat and non-abrasive.

13. At temperatures higher than 40°C , continuous support should be provided. If continuous support is not feasible, then the maximum recommended distance between individual horizontal support centers is given in graph.

14. For vertical support centers, the values given above should be increased by 33%.

15. Faulty fusion joints cannot be repaired; they must be cut out and rejoined using proper heat fusion procedures or specially prepared repaired.

16. There is often a tendency to use “duct” and “pipe” interchangeably though these are having different applications. An HDPE pipe is for carrying fluids which could mean liquids or gases. At the same time, ducts are for carrying telephone, electrical and other cable.

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Jointing - Do’s and Don’t

Jointing:

17. Golden Rule: If in doubt, cut it out and redo.

18. Ensure that every individual performing fusion joining is qualified in the use of the recommended fusion procedure(s) by the following:

- Appropriate training or experience in the use of the fusion procedure, and - Making a sample joint according to the procedure that passes the following inspections and tests:

A. The joint must be visually examined during and after joining, and found tohave the same appearance as a photograph or sample of an acceptable joint that was joined in accordance with the procedure.

B. The joint must be tested or examined by one of the following methods: - Pressure and tensile test ….. or - Cut into at least three longitudinal straps, each of which is: a. Visually examined and found to be free of voids or un bonded areas on the cut surface of the joint, and b. Deformed by bending, torque or impact and if failure occurs, it must not initiate in the joint area, c. A person must be re qualified under an acceptable procedure, if, during any twelve month period does not make

any joints under the procedure.

19. The photograph shows acceptable and unacceptable joints and illustrates the use of cut straps for inspection and testing of the joint.

20. Gas pipe caution: Static Electricity

These charges are a safety hazard, particularly in areas where there is leaking gas from Gas pipes.

Plastic pipe is a non-conductor of electricity and the static charge will remain in place until some grounding device comes close enough to allow it to discharge.

The most effective and simple method to minimize the hazard to the discharge is to apply a film of water to the work surface, to drain away the static electricity. A ground wire on the plastic pipe will only discharge from that point, since the plastic is a non-conductor.

Heat Fusion Jointing : Butt Fusion of Pipe – PE Butt Fusion Welding

Generally speaking, PE pipe is Butt fused together using a “fusion welder”. welding machines vary depending on the Outside Diameter (OD) of the pipe to be welded. The pipe pieces are held axially by a clamping device to allow for subsequent operations to take place. Large diameter pipes may require hoisting assistance such as an excavator or crane. Once the pipe is clamped, the pipe ends are “faced” with a machining tool to establish clean, parallel mating surfaces, perpendicular to the center line of each pipe. A heating element or heating plate is inserted in between the faced ends, and the pipe is drawn together against the heating plate. A melt pattern that penetrates into the pipe ends is formed around both pipe ends. Once the correct melt temperature is reached, the heating plate is quickly removed, and the melt ends are drawn together with a specified force. The specified force on the joint must be continuous, and maintained until the joint cools. A small melt bead forms at the joint. On completion, the fused pipe is removed from the welding machine.

21. Square (face) end of each pipe to be fused.

22. Check line-up of the pipe ends. Adjust the high-low. Check for voids and gaps.

23. Does not touch to the square ends and faces by hand, oily cloths.

24. Check heater plate for the proper surface temperature, and clean surface with a clean cotton cloth. Donot use polyester-type materials which melt and stick to heater plates.

25. Surface Temperature: 190ºC - 233ºC

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Jointing - Do’s and Don’t

26. Insert the heater plate between the aligned ends and bring the ends firmly in contact with the plate, but DO NOT APPLY excessive PRESSURE while achieving melt pattern. Watch for proper melt.

27. Remove heater plate after achieving the proper melt and quickly examine the heated ends for completeness of melt. If the ends are not properly melted, stop the procedure, remove the melted ends and start over at Step 1.

28. Bring melted ends together quickly. DO NOT SLAM. APPLY ONLY ENOUGH PRESSURE TO FORM DOUBLE ROLL - BACK BEAD.

29. Allow the butt fusion joint to cool properly while maintaining pressure (until your finger can remain comfortably on the bead).

30. Extreme care must be exercised to avoid over melt, overpressure and cold fusions.

31. Remember : A quality butt fusion joint has a double bead rolled back to the body of the pipe.

32. Heater plates should be double checked for correct surface temperature (190°C - 233°C).

33. Butt Fusion qualification procedure1. Observe the joining process to determine that the proper procedure is being followed.2. Visually inspect the joint and compare it to a sample or picture of an acceptable joint.3. Allow the joint to cool for at least one hour.4. Cut the sample through the joint area, lengthwise of the pipe, into at least three straps.5. Visually inspect the cut surface of the pipe wall at the joint for voids or unbonded areas.6. Bend the sample 180°.7. Make another joint if failure occurs or if flaws are observed in the joint. Compare the appearance with pictures of

poor joints and recheck the procedure.

Clam

ping

ALIG

NIN

GFU

SIN

G

1

3

5

FACI

NG

2H

EATI

NG

4

6

COO

LIN

G

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Jointing - Do’s and Don’t

Acceptable Appearance

1. Proper double roll-back bead 2. Proper melt, pressure & alignment

3. Proper alignment - no gaps or voids 4. Proper melt ends after heat soak

6. Proper melt, pressure and alignment

Test specimen for Tensile Test of Weld Joints Tensile Test of Weld Joints

5. Proper double roll-back bead

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Jointing - Do’s and Don’t

Butt Fusion of Pipe : Unacceptable

Unacceptable Appearance

Incomplete Roll Back 7. Insufficient fusion pressure “V” shaped melt appearance 8. Incomplete roll-back of bead.

11. Excessive melt and / or excessive pressure 12. No melt bead caused by incomplete face off

13. Cold Joint 14. Foreign object in the melt bead

Improper Alignment 9. “High-Low” Condition10. Incomplete roll back of bead due to improper alignùment.

8

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Jointing - Do’s and Don’t

Butt Fusion of Pipe : Acceptable and Unacceptable Appearance

34 Butt Fusion Joint Troubleshooting Guide

What is present Attributing Factors

One bead larger than the other Misalignment, component slipped in clamp, worn equipment, incomplete facing

Bead not rolled over to surface Shallow V-Groove Insufficient Heating & Insufficient Joining Force, Deep V-Groove-Insufficient Heating & Excessive Joinng Force

Squarish Outer Bead Edge Pressure during Heating

Excessive Double Bead width Overheating, Excessive Joining Force

Flat top on Bead Excessive Joining Force, Overheating

Beads too Small Insufficient Heating or Joining Force

Beads too Large Excessive Heating Time

Rough, Sand-paper like, Bubbly, or Pockmarked melt bead surface

Hydrocarbon Contamination

Double V-Groove to Deep Excessive Joining, Pressure during Heating

Non-Uniform Bead size around pipe Misalignment, Defective Heating Tool, Worn Equipment, Incomplete Facing

A third Bead Excessive Joining Force

35.

Obvserved Condition Possible Cause

Excessive Double bead width Overheating; Excessive Joining Force

Double Bead V-Groove too Deep Excessive Joining Force; Insufficient Heating; Pressure during Heating

Flat top on Bead Excessive Joining Force; Overheating

Non-Uniform Bead size around pipe Misalignment; Defective Heating Tool; Worn Equipment; Incomplete Facing

One bead Larger than the other Misalignment; Componet Slipped in Clamp; Worn Equipment; Defective Heating Tool; Incomplete Facing

Bead too Small Insufficient Heating; Insufficient Joining Force

Bead not Rolled over to Surface Shallow V-Groove-Insufficient Heating & Insufficient Joining Force; Deep V-Groove Insufficient Heating & Excessive Jointing Force

Bead too Large Excessive Heating Time

Squarish Outer Bead edge Pressure during Heating

Rough, Sandpaper-like, Bubbly, or Pockmarked Melt Bead Surface

Hydrocarbon Contamination

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Frequently Asked Questions

Q. What is the typical design life of PE pipe?

PE pipe systems are usually designed by our customers based on empirical and actual test data on the basis of a 50 year service life.

Under normal operating conditions the actual life is expected to be considerably greater i.e. 50 to 100 years.

PE material has a 50 year Minimum Required Strength (MRS) of 10 MPa. In practice however the actual strength is greater than the design strength and hence the expected resulting service lifetimes are greatly in excess of the nominal 50-year requirement when the pipe is operating within its design envelope.

Q. What factors can influence the design or service lifetime?

The service lifetime is influenced by five factors: • The pipe operating conditions (temperature and pressure) • The pipe material used • External pipe loading (traffic loading, high water table, etc.) • The surrounding environment, including the chemical loading from, for example, contaminated soil. • Installation conditions and methods

If the actual operating temperature is in excess of the nominal 20°C then the operating pressure must be reduced to achieve the lifetime of 50 years, or the theoretical service life would be reduced.

The derivation of reduction factors from the nominal 20°C is detailed in ISO 13761. Due to the high toughness of PE 100 pipes, the minimum reduction factors specified in ISO 13761 can be applied to the Maximum Operating Pressure (MOP) for higher operating temperatures.

Pressure reduction factors at operating temperatures

20°C 25°C 30°C 35°C 40°C

1.00 0.93 0.87 0.80 0.74

Chemical loading can also affect PE pipe. In addition to the risk from certain contaminated soils in the long term, care should be taken when placing PE close to tank stations where gasoline and other oil products are stored. Leakage of these into the soil in high volumes and over long periods may affect the performance of PE pipe. Typical run-off from roads is not sufficient to cause concern except in the most extreme circumstances.

Q. How do our customers normally design a PE pipe for given operating conditions?

First they need to decide what the pipe is to be designed for; • Internal pressure capability e.g. water or gas distribution main • External pressure capability e.g. submerged pipeline • Soil loading e.g. buried sewer pipe • Dynamic loads, surge and fatigue e.g. sewer rising main

The starting point for the design of a PE pipe is the MRS (Minimum Required Strength) of the grade of PE to be used. For operating temperatures in excess of 20°C, reference should be made to ISO 13761. The MOP (Maximum Operating Pressure) is related to the MRS of the material used; the pipe geometry (SDR; standard dimension ratio) and operating conditions by the following formulae:

When the pipe geometry is known; MOP = (20 x MRS) / (sF x (SDR-1))

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Or when the operating conditions are known; SDR = 1 + ((20 x MRS) / (sF x MOP))

Where:

• sF is the ‘overall service (design) coefficient, or Safety Factor . (For PE the minimum value of sF is 1.25) • MRS is in MPa; (PE100 = 10 MPa, PE80 = 8 MPa) • MOP is in bar

To calculate the SDR or MOP for a given standard pipe, use the calculator.

The pipe size required is determined by the flow capacity needs. Hydraulic capacity is influenced by the frictional head loss in a pipe, which in turn is influenced by its surface roughness. PE has excellent surface characteristics and as a result the frictional losses are lower than with most other pipe materials, leading to a lower energy requirement to pump water or gas through the pipe.

The roughness coefficients for PE used by our customers in hydraulic calculations are:

• Colebrook-White equation: k = 0.007 mm • Hazen-Williams equation: c = 150 (dimensionless coefficient)

Q. What is the recommended max. operating pressure for a PE pipe?

The relationship between the maximum operating pressure (MOP), the minimum required strength of the PE pipe grade (MRS) and the pipe geometry (SDR standard dimension ratio) is given by the following industrially recognised and applied formula;

MOP = (20 x MRS) / (sF x (SDR-1))

Where sF is the ‘overall service (design) coefficient, or Safety Factor.

It is generally recommended by our customers and design institutes that for water applications the minimum value of sF is 1.25 and for gas applications the minimum value of sF is 2.0. The designer may apply higher coefficients depending upon national codes of practice or judgment of local conditions and the critical nature of the application.

Q. How do customers allow for surge and fatigue loading in the design?

Surge and fatigue occur in pipelines due to the normal operations of, for example, pumps shutting down or valves being operated quickly. Due to the incompressible nature of liquids the phenomenon is usually associated with water distribution mains and pumped sewer mains.

Surge can be described as short term pressure rise above the static operating pressure. This is generally as a result of water hammer where the sudden changes in fluid velocity within the pipeline, as pumps and valves are operated, are converted to increases in fluid pressure. As the velocity stabilizes the fluid pressure reverts to its static operating pressure. Extensive testing has confirmed that PE pipe can be used in the following surge conditions;

Overall service coefficient Typical application Surge pressure above Maximum Operating Pressure (MOP)

1.25 Water 50%

1.6 Gas 100%

Fatigue is associated with the repeated operation of the pumps and valves over a long period causing cyclic pressure variation. It is the frequency of these events as well as the amplitude of them that is critical. Under these conditions the theory of linear fatigue damage accumulation applies (Miners rule; ISO 13760).

With the introduction of high toughness PE pipe there have been few, if any, problems reported in these pipes operating under

Frequently Asked Questions

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75

surge and fatigue conditions. The empirical evidence has been backed up by extensive laboratory testing. Fatigue is not a concern with high toughness PE, and surge pressure well in excess of MOP can be sustained without damage.

The reference document in the UK is the ‘Water Industry Guidance Note’ ( IGN 4-37-02 ) which requires no downgrading of PE pipes operating under fatigue loading. Moreover PE materials can withstand surges of up to twice the MOP avoiding any need for derating.

It is recommended that, for pipelines where surge and fatigue conditions will apply, a detailed surge analysis is carried out to identify the peak surge pressures.

Q. What is SDR and how does it influence the pressure rating of the pipe?

The SDR is the ‘Standard Dimensional Ratio’ and refers to the geometry of the pipe. SDR is defined as the ratio of the nominal outside diameter to the nominal wall thickness.

SDR = dn/enWhere; • dn is the nominal outside diameter of the pipe • en is the nominal (minimum) wall thickness of the pipe

Therefore a higher SDR indicates a thinner-walled pipe at any given diameter.

The relationship between the SDR and the pressure rating is given by Lames formula for the hoop stress in thick wall cylinders:

s = P(dn - en) / 2 en This can be rearranged as; s = P (SDR - 1) / 2Where; • s is the maximum hoop stress • P is the internal pipe pressure

The hoop stress is the design stress for the material, which is the (MRS) divided by the overall service (design) coefficient sF.

MRS/ sF = P (SDR - 1) / 2

or rearranging; P = 2 MRS / sF (SDR – 1)

This pressure ‘P’ is then defined as the ‘Maximum Operating Pressure’ MOP, or the pressure rating of the pipe.

MOP = 2 MRS / sF (SDR – 1) Where; • MRS and MOP are in MPa Or MOP = 20 MRS / sF (SDR – 1) Where; • MRS is in MPa • MOP is in bar.

Q. How do customers design a PE pipe to resist external loads e.g. traffic, soil and seismic loads?

Plastic pipes, including PE pipes, are normally classed as flexible pipes in structural terms and hence their design to resist external loading is different from that of rigid pipes such as steel, ductile iron, concrete, etc.

The action of the vertical external loads, e.g. traffic loads, causes the flexible PE pipe to deflect. The deflection is resisted

P

σ

σ

dn

en

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by the passive horizontal soil pressure acting on the pipe.

This means that the bedding and stiffness of the surrounding soil are considered as important as the mechanical properties of the pipe when traffic loading is being considered.

Q. Is PE pipe suitable for potable water applications?

Polyethylene pipeline systems have been used by our customers for drinking water supply since their introduction in the 1950s. The plastics industry has taken great responsibility in ensuring that the products used do not adversely affect water quality.

The range of tests undertaken on PE pipes normally covers taste, odour, appearance of water, and tests for growth of aquatic micro-organisms. This is a more extensive range of tests than is currently applied to traditional pipe materials, such as metals and cement and cement lined products, in most European countries. Thus there is a greater confidence that PE pipe can be used for potable water supply under most operating conditions.

PE pipe compounds should be formulated for use in potable water applications. Moreover PE pipe is manufactured from either blue or black compound with blue stripes identifying it as suitable for use in potable water applications.

Q. Can any of the constituents of the pipe material leach into the water over time?

Specific compounds of PE have been formulated for use in potable water applications. Extensive testing has been carried out by the pipe manufacturers and independent test laboratories to ensure that there is no risk to public health. PE is approved universally by National organizations for potable water use.

Q. Is PE pipe resistant to chemicals commonly found in soils?

PE pipes have excellent resistance to naturally occurring chemicals found in the soil. The polymer and pipe manufacturers have extensive test data regarding the chemical resistance of the base polymer and PE pipe. Advice can be sought if there is any doubt as to the suitability of PE for a particular application or environment.

Q. Is PE pipe resistant to chemicals commonly used for disinfection and water treatment?

PE pipe is generally resistant to the chemicals commonly used for water treatment and disinfection.

Q. What is the meaning of the designations PE80 and PE100?

The designations PE80 and PE100 are based on the long-term strength of the respective materials, known as the minimum required strength (MRS) in accordance with ISO 12162.

The designations are:

Material Designation Minimum Required Strength (MRS)MPa

PE 100 10.0

PE 80 8.0

The MRS is determined by performing regression analysis in accordance with ISO 9080 on the test data from the results of

Traffic Loads

Soil Pressure

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long-term pressure testing. The regression analysis allows for the prediction of the minimum strength for a specific service lifetime. The data is extrapolated to predict the minimum strength at 20°C and at the specified 50 years design lifetime.

Q. How do these designations relate to MDPE and HDPE?

Prior to the adoption of international standards (CEN, ISO) PE pipe materials were more commonly designated by their density within the range associated with PE i.e. Low Density PE (LDPE), Medium Density PE (MDPE) and High Density PE (HDPE). The reference to density gave an indication of the material strength. For example HDPE pipe had a higher long term strength or higher (MRS) minimum required strength than LDPE. But this gave no indication as to other long term properties, such as slow crack growth or resistance to rapid crack propagation.

MDPE was developed in the 1970’s specifically for pipes for the gas distribution network. National standards were subsequently developed to incorporate not only strength requirements but also toughness requirements in relation to Slow Crack Growth. These standards were used as the model for the introduction of International standards and the designation of PE 80.

Further developments in the 1990’s saw the introduction of a higher strength, higher toughness PE. As the density of the polymer was in the same range as the traditional PE confusion arose when describing or specifying the product. A short term solution was to describe the new PE as High Performance Polyethylene (HPPE). However with the introduction of the CEN and further development of the ISO standards the new improved PE was designated PE 100.

Q. What are the failure mechanisms of PE pipe and how are they avoided?

Failure of any pipe system can occur when the strength, toughness or chemical resistance capabilities of the pipe are exceeded. The general performance of PE is comparable with, and frequently superior to, that of other pipe materials. Design procedures for PE pipe enable designers & specifiers to avoid failure mechanisms and to ensure an adequate factor of safety against each.

Strength : Strength is the ability of the pipe to withstand deformation. Such deformation can arise from, internal fluid pressure, ground loading, external water table etc. However for a buried PE pipe the initially imposed stresses are continually relaxing. PE pipe systems can normally resist ground movement and subsidence without a problem. An extreme example of this was the earthquake in Kobe, Japan. The PE gas and water systems survived and remained intact whilst multiple failures occurred in pipelines in other materials. Failure can occur when the design parameters are exceeded for example due to excessive loading or extreme temperatures.

Toughness : Toughness is the ability of the pipe to withstand fracture. Fractures can subsequently be divided into ‘slow crack growth’ (SCG) and ‘rapid crack propagation’ (RCP). Slow crack growth can occur if the pipe is subject to continuous bending forces as a result of, for example, ground movement. Rapid crack propagation theoretically results from a combination of over-pressurisation and, for example, third party impact damage. National and International standards include tests to determine the pipe’s resistance to both of these fracture mechanisms. Design procedures are to be followed to ensure that fracture failure does not occur in normal operation. The exceptional track record of a much lower incidence of failures in PE systems underlines the durability and toughness of the material, and that the correct design procedures have been applied.

Chemical Resistance : Chemical resistance is the ability of the pipe to withstand the effects of chemicals, either being carried within the pipe or occurring in the adjacent ground, without reduction in performance characteristics. PE has excellent resistance to most chemicals. However some chemicals, notably organic solvents and oils, may have the effect of reducing the pipe strength through absorption into the pipe wall thus changing its characteristics. However such changes are normally reversible if the solvent or oil is allowed to evaporate away. If there is any doubt, or to ensure such a failure does not occur, a chemical analysis should be carried out and advice sought from the pipe manufacturer. The design can then be modified to take into account the possible effect of the chemical action.

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Q. Is PE pipe affected by exposure to UV light?

PE80 and PE100 materials are normally compounded with uniformly dispersed special additives including UV stabilizers, which should protect the pipe from degradation caused by intensive Ultra Violet light. Moreover for specific applications, such as pipework above the ground, where it is known that the pipe will be subjected to UV light, the material can be compounded with carbon black or specialized pigment formulation which provides additional long-term protection.

Q. What pipe lengths are available?

As the pipe manufacture is a continuous process, in theory the lengths available are unlimited. In practice however the lengths are limited by transport, ease of handling on site, other general site conditions and local practices.

PE pipe is generally available in three forms:

1. Straight lengths of pipe.2. Coils : Free-standing coils of pipe up to pipe diameter 140mm. 3. Drums : Similar to coils but supplied wrapped onto a drum for support. Longer lengths are available in this form than in coils.

For both coils and drums the range of pipe lengths available is usually limited by transport considerations.

Q. How can PE pipe be connected to other pipe materials?

PE pipe can be connected to pipe in other materials by a range of mechanical fittings

Q. Are there any special trenching requirements advised by our customers for PE pipe?

No special trenching requirements are normally needed for PE compared to other materials & the preparation of trenches should follow National or local practices.

Sharp stones should be removed from the base of the trench and where laying the pipe across rock or granular soil of angular consistency, such as gravel or cobbles, the trench should be excavated below the required depth to allow the pipe to be laid on imported compacted backfill.

It is advisable that PE pipe be surrounded by good quality compacted backfill which may need to be imported. Local codes of practice normally advise the nature of pipe bedding material required. The ability of PE pipe to be joined above ground and snaked into the trench allows for the use of narrow trenches. The trench width can be kept to a minimum but should still allow for good compaction during backfilling. Again it is important to consult local and national practices.

Q. Are there any limitations on the depth at which PE pipe can be laid?

There are normally no depth limitations related to PE pipe material.

The depth limitation to which PE pipe can be laid is not governed by the material properties but by the site conditions, soil type, level of water table, etc. This is no different from other pipe materials. The pipe should be designed to resist any additional forces from soil loading associated with deep excavations.

PE pipe can be assembled at the surface and placed into a deep trench without site personnel being in the trench for long periods, or possibly not at all. This is a considerable safety benefit where stability of the trench may be a concern.

Q. Is trench alignment critical when laying PE pipe?

No. The flexibility of PE allows it to be placed with some variations in alignment to suit local terrain if necessary.

The alignment of the trench in the vertical plane is dependant on the application for which the pipe is being used. For example, gas and water PE distribution mains can be laid to follow the contours of the ground beneath which the pipe is being laid. PE gravity sewers, however, should be laid to the specified gradient to ensure their correct hydraulic function.

In the horizontal plane the pipe can be laid to follow, for example, the alignment of a road or footpath. However there is a

Frequently Asked Questions

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limit to the bending of PE pipes. The minimum advisable bend radius at which PE can be laid is dependent on the SDR of the pipe. To avoid any risk of kinking, buckling and overstressing the following minimum bend radii are recommended. These are for pipes without ovality at 20°C.

Pipe SDR Minimum Bend Radius 9 DN x 12

11 DN x 1513.6 DN x 21

17 / 17.6 DN x 2521 DN x 3526 DN x 4533 DN x 65

Example ; the minimum radius of bend for placing a 500mm, SDR 11 pipe is; (500 x 15) mm = 7.5m

It should be noted that joints should not be included in bends of the minimum radius in order to avoid high local stresses at fittings or butt fusion joints. Also it is advisable to increase the quoted minimum radius at temperatures below 5°C.

Q. Can PE pipe normally be installed by Trenchless methods or methods using minimum excavation?

Yes. PE pipe is ideally suited to installation by trenchless or minimum excavation techniques and many of the common methods were initially developed for PE. The techniques used by installers that routinely use PE are:

Pipe Bursting or Pipe Splitting : This technique involves using a device which passes through the existing pipe and breaks it, forcing the fragments into the surrounding soil. The replacement PE pipe is pulled through behind the pipe bursting device. For the replacement of brittle materials such as concrete, cast iron, clay etc, the term pipe bursting is used.

For the replacement of more ductile materials, steel or ductile iron, the device splits the existing pipe and hence the term pipe splitting is used. The techniques allow for replacement with pipe of the same diameter, or the void can be expanded to allow a larger size PE pipe to be inserted.

Several research projects and a great deal of experience has shown that the PE pipe is seldom damaged during pipe bursting or pipe splitting works when these are undertaken following the correct procedures.

Pipe Bursting

Directional Drilling or Guided Boring : This technique is ideally suited for crossings under roads, railways, rivers, airport runways, etc. A pilot hole is initially drilled using a steerable drill head and drilling fluid, with an electronic transmitter attached behind the drill head to ensure the correct path is maintained. Further drilling and reaming achieves the required diameter.

The PE pipe can then be assembled at the surface to the required length and pulled into the hole. Equipment is available to measure and record the axial force applied to the pipe during installation to ensure that it is not over-stressed.

If required the annulus between the PE pipe and the surrounding soil can be grouted to provide greater stability if this is necessary, but this must be done in a controlled manner to ensure that the pipe is not overloaded leading to its collapse.

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Drilling the Pilot Bore

Backreaming and Pulling in the Product Pipe

Slip Lining : Slip lining is the simplest form of pipeline renovation using PE. The replacement PE pipe is simply pulled through the existing pipe. The length of the section depends on the route of the existing pipe and the location of tees and bends. The replacement PE pipe should be designed to be fully structural and acts as an independent liner. The loose fit of the PE liner pipe in the existing pipe results in a loss of hydraulic capacity.

Frequently Asked Questions

The void between the existing pipe and the PE liner can be grouted to provide greater stability if this is necessary, but this must be done in a controlled manner to ensure that the pipe is not overloaded leading to its collapse.

Q. Is PE pipe suitable for new supply or collection networks?

Yes. PE pipe is ideally suited for new supply networks. Applications in which PE pipe is widely used by our customers include:

• Gas mains distribution networks • Gas service supply pipes • Water mains distribution systems • Water service supply pipes • Pumped sewer mains • Gravity sewer and drain networks • Irrigation systems • Industrial and process pipework

Details at “A”

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Below Ground

For below ground applications, for example gas and water distribution mains and gravity and pumped sewer mains, the use of PE has encouraged significant improvements by our customers in the design and performance of the equipment used for laying PE, particularly in congested urban environments. Techniques that have been developed include narrow trenching and directional drilling or guided boring which are particularly suitable for road, rail, river and similar crossings.

Above Ground

Where the pipe is laid above ground by our customers and the installers, for example industrial and process pipe work, the relatively light weight of PE compared with other pipe materials minimizes the amount of handling equipment required. Above ground pipes need to be suitably protected against mechanical damage and UV degradation.

Q. Can PE pipe be used for replacement or rehabilitation of existing pipe networks?

Yes, The strength and flexibility of PE make it the preferred material by our customers for replacement and rehabilitation of existing pipe networks. Replacement of existing pipe networks in open trench can be carried out in a similar manner to the installation of new networks.

There is a wide range of trenchless or minimum excavation techniques that can be employed that are suitable for the rehabilitation of existing networks. Some of the techniques that can be employed are:

• Pipe bursting or pipe splitting • Directional drilling or guided boring • Slip lining

The use of trenchless techniques can significantly reduce the cost of pipe replacement or rehabilitation, as there are minimal excavation and reinstatement costs. The choice of the trenchless technique employed by our customers or the installer depends upon a number of factors, including:• Hydraulic capacity requirements • Soil type • Location of other underground utilities and plant • Sufficient clearance under roads, footpaths etc. to avoid damage • Condition of host pipe • External loading characteristics • Network operating needs: can pipe be taken out of service or is a live insertion technique necessary?

Q. What are the bedding requirements for PE pipe?

Customers are normally advised that trench bottoms should be excavated to provide a reasonably even bed along the pipe length and free of sharp stones or other objects that could damage the pipe. Sand for pipe bedding should be used where possible and soil containing sharp, angular gravel or cobbles should not be used for bedding of PE pipe. The depth of the trench should be suitable to provide the required cover when reinstated.

Where the pipe is to be laid through rock or ground of variable consistency, customers normally advised that the trench should be excavated approx. 150mm below its normal depth, and a bedding material placed before the pipe to provide a bed of suitable consistency.

Q. What levels of productivity can be achieved in PE pipe installation?

PE can normally be installed much more quickly than most other pipe materials.

The productivity of laying PE, from excavation to reinstatement and commissioning, depends on a number of factors;

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environment (urban or rural), ground type and condition, surface reinstatement (road or unpaved), etc. The most important influence is the installation technique employed; trenchless techniques and chain trenching in particular can increase productivity significantly.

Factors that improve productivity are:

• Ease of site handling of PE pipe due to its flexibility and low weight • Use of coils and long lengths of pipe, minimizing the number of joints • Ease of jointing by butt fusion or electrofusion • Ability of pipe to be jointed above ground to provide long pipe strings • Use of narrow trench techniques • Use of trenchless or minimum excavation techniques

Q. Are there any special factors that affect the testing procedures when commissioning PE pipe?

Yes. It is important to follow the correct commissioning procedures in order to avoid false conclusions on the performance of the pipeline.

Factors that affect the testing of PE pipe during commissioning procedures are: temperature variations; the amount of trapped air in the pipeline and the creep characteristic of PE pipe. Hence one has to take these into account while testing.

Due to the relatively high co-efficient of thermal expansion of PE pipe it is essential that variations in temperature be minimized during the commissioning procedure. It is recommended, both for safety and to minimize temperature variation, that the trench is backfilled prior to testing. It may be allowable to leave critical joints open to allow for inspection during commissioning.

When carrying out hydrostatic testing it is essential that all air is removed from the pipeline prior to testing. The pipe can be filled using either pigging or gravity fed techniques. If gravity filling is to be used it may be necessary to install tapping’s at high points to vent trapped air and at low points to enable all the water to be removed.

As the test pressure is applied to a PE pipeline, the pipe will expand due to the creep characteristics of the material. This will result in a drop of pressure or require the system to be ‘topped up’ to maintain the required pressure. The test procedure for PE pipe must include a period of time to allow the pipe to stabilize or should include a method whereby the pressure drop due to pipe expansion is calculated to discriminate from the pressure drop from leakage. If this is not done false test results will be obtained because it will not be possible to determine whether any loss of pressure is due to the expansion of the pipe or to real leakage.

This expansion of the pipe when load is applied is normal behavior for a plastic material and is not an indication of failure.

Q. What techniques are available for isolating sections of PE pipe for maintenance?

The design of PE pipe networks should follow conventional network practices with the installation of valves at convenient or critical locations. The valves can then be operated to isolate sections of the pipe network for maintenance.

Additionally however PE pipe networks have the advantage that more localised isolation can be implemented by the use of pipe ‘squeeze-off’. Squeeze-off is used in routine and emergency situations to stop or nearly stop flow in PE pipe by flattening the pipe between parallel bars.

PE pipe squeeze-off utilises the ductility of PE by allowing the pipe to be squeezed together using relatively simple but specially designed squeeze-off tools thus preventing the flow of fluid and isolating the pipe section. It is important that

Frequently Asked Questions

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only specifically designed tools are used and that the squeeze-off controls are set for the specific diameter and SDR of the pipe in order to control the degree of compression of the PE pipe and prevent any damage.

The squeeze off tools are generally mechanically operated up to about 125mm diameter and hydraulically operated for larger diameters. However squeeze-off equipment is not readily available for the largest diameters of PE pipe. It is important to follow the manufacturers instructions when using these tools and to use tools appropriate for the pipe diameter and SDR. Also the tools need to be capable of resisting the operating pressure of the pipe, and there are limits to the pressures that they can sustain.

Properly implemented squeeze-off, using the correct tools, is not expected to cause damage to the PE pipe, which regains its circular cross-section after the tool is released. However squeeze-off is not recommended to be done more than once at any location. If repeated flow control is required a valve or an appropriate flow control device should be installed in the system.

Squeeze-off is not intended as a means to throttle or partially restrict flow. Complete flow stoppage may not occur in all cases. When squeezing larger pipes, particularly at higher pressures, some seepage is likely. When seepage is not acceptable, it may be necessary to vent the pipe in-between two squeeze-offs. Any work performed must be downstream of the second squeeze-off.

Inflatable bag flow stopping equipment can also be used for PE pipes. A saddle fitting needs to be fixed to the pipe, through which the inflatable bags are inserted. It is important that the correct saddle fitting is used compatible with the equipment being used. Reference should be made to the manufacturers instructions.

Q. How can damaged PE pipe be repaired?

More extensive damage will require the section of pipe to be cut out and replaced. This is a relatively simple process, firstly isolating the damaged section by the use of squeeze-off tools, cutting out the section and replacing with new pipe using electrofusion couplers to tie-in the sections. It is important that the replacement section is of suitable diameter and pressure rating to maintain the integrity of the pipeline.

In all cases reference should be made to local or national codes of practice and all health and safety procedures should be closely followed.

Q. What is the typical expected frequency of leaks in a PE pipe network?

The frequency of repair to PE pipe depends upon a number of factors: above or below ground installation; direct burial or sliplined; location of other utility plant and pipework, etc. Studies of leakage in Belgium and the Netherlands show that PE has a frequency of leaks as follows:

• In mains: 0.0156 leaks/km/year • In services 0.071 leaks/km/year

This is comparable with steel and significantly lower than the data for iron pipes.

Frequently Asked Questions

Squeeze-Off Test

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Q. What is Electrofusion ?

Electrofusion is a simple method of joining PE pipes in circumstances where butt fusion is not practicable, such as where valves, elbows, and tees must be added. Prefabricated fittings are used, incorporating an electrical heating coil which melts the plastic of both the fitting and the pipe, causing them to fuse together.

The characteristics of the fitting to be welded, such as the fusion time, are registered via a barcode on the fitting. An electrofusion control unit (ECU) supplies the electrical energy necessary to heat the coil. When the coil is energised, the material adjacent to it melts and forms an expanding pool which comes into contact with the surface of the pipe. The continued introduction of heat energy causes the pipe surface to melt and a mixing of pipe melt and fitting melt takes place; this is vital to produce a good weld. Following the termination of the heat cycle, the fitting and the pipe are left to cool and the melted material solidifies to form a sound joint.

Hot and cold zones, sometimes called melt and freeze zones, are formed after energising the coil. The length of these zones is particularly important. Each zone ensures that fusion is controlled to a precise length of the socket of the fitting and that the melt pressure is also controlled throughout the entire jointing process. The precisely controlled pitch and positioning of the coil in relation to the inner surface of the socket ensures uniform heat distribution.

The basic fusion parameters: temperature, pressure and time, are controlled by the ECU which is programmed to establish these parameters from the barcode read from the fitting itself. The ECU also provides a permanent record of the procedure followed.

Compact ECUs are now available that allow in-trench electrofusion welding to be carried out safely by just one-man.

The effectiveness of electrofusion depends on attention to preparation of the jointing surfaces and ensuring that the surfaces to be welded have satisfactory contact during the welding and cooling cycles. The pipe surfaces to be fused need to be scraped to remove the surface oxidation layer prior to fusion. Pipe clamps or other approved methods of restraining, aligning and rerounding the pipes during the fusion cycle should be used.

To prepare the jointing surfaces the pipe surface must be scraped with an appropriate pipe scraper, as recommended by the pipe or fitting manufacturer, to remove the entire surface of the pipe over the area indicated, to a depth of approximately 0.3mm. Metal files, rasps, emery paper etc are not suitable end preparation tools. Following scraping the scraped surface must be wiped with an authorised Ispropanol impregnated pipewipe, as recommended by the pipe or fitting manufacturer, to remove any dust residue. Methylated spirits, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) or other solvents are not recommended for wiping the scraped surface. The prepared surfaces must be completely dry before proceeding.

Frequently Asked Questions

Electrofusion Fittings

Distribution pipe joint by EF fusion method for KUWASIP Project

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The resulting joint, when properly made, is as strong as the original pipe and can withstand all the loads applied during routine installation and operation.

Q. What is Butt fusion ?

Butt fusion is a thermofusion process which involves the simultaneous heating of the ends of two pipe/fitting components which are to be joined, until a molten state is attained on each contact surface. The two surfaces are then brought together under controlled pressure for a specific cooling time and a homogeneous fusion joint is formed. The resultant joint is fully resistant to end loads and has comparable performance under pressure to the pipe itself.

An electrical heater plate is used to raise the temperature of the pipe ends to the required fusion temperature. Butt-fusion can be used to join both PE80 and PE100 materials for pipe sizes of 90mm and above of the same SDR.

The butt welding machines used to weld PE pipes have controls to ensure the welding parameters are strictly adhered to. The following parameters are controlled:

• heater plate temperature • ovality and alignment • interface pressure • bead width • heat soak time • changeover time

Control of these is necessary to ensure premature failure of the weld does not occur. The field conditions under which PE pipe is welded have a considerable effect on the strength of the joint. In order to achieve an acceptable weld three elements are essential: • Cleanliness: because contamination will ruin joints • Technique: Most owners of PE pipe systems require that

people performing butt welding of PE pipes are qualified by completing a recognised training course

• Correctly designed equipment with proper maintenance: Correct welding temperatures, welding procedures and pipe facing tools must be maintained in tolerance and in good condition.

The resulting joint, if it has been properly made, is as strong as the original pipe and can withstand all the loads applied during routine installation and operation.

During the fusion process internal and external ‘weld beads’ are formed. Techniques have been developed to minimise the size of the beads. The removed weld beads can be inspected as part of a quality control programme.

Q. What is Mechanical Assembly ?

Mechanical assembly requires the use of fittings, generally working on the compression principle, to join different materials together. It is most commonly used with PE for joining the PE to a pipe or fitting of a different material, or in circumstances where fusion is not feasible.

Mechanical fittings generally include a stiffener which is placed inside the pipe or fitting to ensure stability when the fitting is compressed. These stiffeners are also designed to withstand end loading where necessary. The fittings also include gaskets which are compressed to effect the seal at the rated pressure of the fitting.

Frequently Asked Questions

Laying and Jointing of 110 mm to 630 mm PE pipe, Ramky Infrastructures

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The fittings for use in gas and water can differ and it is essential to use the correct fitting for the application. If there is any doubt the manufacturer of the fitting should be contacted. Similarly the manufacturer’s recommendations on installing the fitting, including any limitations on torque to be applied in tightening the fitting, should be followed at all times.

Q. How do we compare HDPE pipe Vs other pipe material ?

HDPE Vs DI Pipes

PE pipe for fluid distribution networks, especially for critical applications like gas pipelines, water supply & drainage has a particular advantage in earthquake prone areas, since the flexibility and strainability of the pipe enable it to withstand severe ground movements. This is substantiated by the Kobe earthquake studies. In this context the fusion-welded joints have proved to be of special value, as they can withstand high axial and bending loads, which otherwise cause failure of steel and ductile iron pipes.

Frequently Asked Questions

Sr. No. Criteria HDPE Pipe DI Pipe/ MS pipe

1 Pipe PerformancePipeline efficiency does not detoriate with time.

Pipeline efficiency detoriates with time.

2 Dependability for Pipe performance and Chemical Resistance.

Pipe performance and Chemical Resistance of HDPE pipe is not dependent on any other material.

In case of Metal pipe over all performance depends on other materials and their quality. a. Resistance to External Corrosion depends on - Quality and continunity of Metallic Zinc & Bituminous paints used for external protection. b. Resistance to Internal Corrosion and “C” value depends on quality of CM and Epoxy Lining. c. Cement Mortar Lining may fail due to following reasons:

1. Negative Surge Pressure.2. Disbonding3. Deflection of pipe4. Cracks5. Difference in temperature.

d. Sockets do not have protection by Cement Mortar Lining.

3 Any surface in pipe line which is not protected ?

All surfaces are protected and characteristics like Chemical Resistance is constant and same at all locations.

Socket is not protected (by CML). Hence Corrosion may start at the socket and result in improper seat for rubber ring i.e. Leakage, Contamination of Water, Pitting in Pipe etc.

4 Earthquake Effect The Flexibility & Strong joints make HDPE Pipe well suited for dynamic soils including areas prone to Earthquake.

May have major Leakage problem after Soil Movement or Earthquakes

5 Surge Pressure HDPE pressure pipe will produce very low surge pressure. Surge pressure is about 20% of Metal Pipe.

Surge pressure is 5 times of HDPE pipe surge pressure.

Need surge protection devices.

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Frequently Asked Questions

Sr. No. Criteria HDPE Pipe DI Pipe/ MS pipe

6 Surge Pressure protection device / Concrete-Thrust blocks.

Not required. Required

7 Ability to withstand Surge Pressure

HDPE pipe can withstand pressure up to 2.3 times Rated Pressure

DI pipe can withstand only up to 1.5 times Rated Pressure.

8 Suitability in BC soil, against Soil Movement or Soil Settlement

HDPE pipe takes care for soil movement and settlement of soil, suitable in BC & Expansive soil also.

Soil Settlement or Movement will not be tolerated. Not suitable in BC & Expansive soil also. Needs lot of care in these situations.

9 Corrosion, holes in pipes etc.

Not possible due to its excellent material properties.

Major problem due to its material properties.

10 Infiltration problems

HDPE pipes with fused joints simply do not leak, eliminating infiltration problems.

Infiltration is Experienced in almost every scheme.

11 Chemical Resistance HDPE pipe has superb chemical resistance and is the material of choice in harsh chemical environments. Pipe is safe over pH Value 1 to 14.

There is no safe pH range i.e. no resistance.

These pipes are Corroded by even small quantity of any chemical.

12 Joint Type Heat Fusion Joint is Mostly used. Other types of joints are Electrofusion Joints, Flange Joint.

Rubber Ring Joint.

13 Joint Strength Joint is as Strong as Pipe Material

Joint is much more Weaker than Pipe Material

14 Joint Leakages Joints are Leak free. All over world it is accepted that Leakages are Minimum 25% and goes up to 65%.

15 Joint Leakages Location

No leakage in total length of pipeline

Every joint is potential point for leakages. i.e. at every 10 to 20 feet.

HDPE Vs DI Pipes

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Frequently Asked Questions

Sr. No. Criteria HDPE Pipe DI Pipe/ MS pipe

16 Joint Performance with temperature.

Joint performance does not depend on temperature of water and quality of any other material. If pipe is subjected to continuous temp. more than 300C. De-rating in pipe pressure. Normally pipe specs are designed for water temp. of 300C.

Joint performance depends on temperature of water. DI pipe manufacturer recommends storage of Rubber Ring below 250C temperature. This means if water temperature is above 250C then performance will be affected.

Performance depends on quality of Rubber ring.This means if temperature is more than 250C then joint performance will not be up to mark and this is one of the main reason for leakages.

17 Bending of Pipes. Because of excellent joints the pipe can bend with radius of 25 times diameter.

Only 1 to 2 Degree deflection is possible which is almost negligible and hence bends are required at each change in direction.

18 Efficient life and Life Cycle Cost- with respect to pipe material cost only.

Efficient life is 100 years. The Life Cycle cost of PE pipe is Zero.

Efficient life is 35 years. For 100 years efficient performance, the Life Cycle cost is more than 116 times its original cost.

19 Ease to work. The combination of flexibility and leak free joints allow for unique and cost effective types of installation methods. Such as we can do the welding & testing of maximum length of pipes on ground and then just push the pipes into the trench. Possible to install in water logged area, river crossing, sea outfall etc.

Due to Rigidity of the pipe and rubber ring joint the installation has to be done inside the trench.

Installation in Water Logged Areas, under River Crossings, Sea/ River Outfall etc. is not possible.

20 Hazen William’s “C” Factor

Remains 150 through out the life span of 100 years

120 with CM lining, but may come down to 70 to 90 after 35 years. Resulting in more pumping cost or less discharge.

HDPE Vs DI Pipes

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Frequently Asked Questions

HDPE Vs GRP Pipes

S.No. Parameter HDPE Pipes GRP Pipes1. Suitability to

Transport up to Field

Pipes & Fittings Material being Tough but Flexible there is no possibility of damages during Transport of Pipe to the field from Manufacturer

Pipes & Fittings are Light, Delicate and Rigid. Damages due to Impacts during Transportation are Very High.

2. In-field Movement

Pipes are Flexible & Tough and hence no possibility of damages during infield Movement and Handling

Pipes being Light, Delicate and Rigid the pipes get damaged / Broken quite Frequently during the Infield Movement.

3. Handling Easy to Handle. Do not break in handling.

Careful Handling is necessary. The pipes get broken easily.

4. Feasibility to Repair

Pipes can be easily Repair on the site itself. The damaged portion can be easily cut off and Welded together with the help of a simple butt-fusion machine. There is no need for a highly skilled operator for repairing.

For Repairing the damaged pipes skilled personnel are needed.

5. Installation and Operation

Jointing is done by Fully Automatic / Semi-Automatic Butt-Welding / Electro-Fusion machines, whereby eliminating any scope for human errors

Jointing involves Skill & Experience of the operator. Human error is evident depending upon the person to person.

6. Jointing Types Very Wide Range of Jointing to suit almost all other types of pipe materials.

Limited Joint types.

7. Maintenance Zero Maintenance piping system. Unbreakable under Seismic Zones or Unstable soil areas.

Pipeline breaks under Seismic Zones or Unstable soil areas.

8. Aging Pipes are made of Homogeneous Single material. Further, because of strong UV Protection, Aging process is very Slow and Pipelines may work even upto 100 years.

Because of Compounded Material, Fast Aging of pipe material takes place, Restricting Life of pipe-line to below 30 years.

9. Inside Surface Inside Surface is very Smooth. Inside Surface is not as Smooth as that of HDPE.

10. Nature of Pipe Visco-Elastic Nature. Can be laid along the Contour. Very good for Hilly / Mountainous difficult Terrain also. Trenching Cost Highly Reduced.

Rigid. Need Flat-Bed trenches. Not Suitable for difficult Terrain. Trenching Cost Increases Highly.

11. Flexibility The Pipe allows a Bending Radius of 25 times the Diameter of Pipe. Reduces the number of Bends and thus Reduce Loss of Head due to Friction.

Pipes are Rigid and use of Bends is must. Increased Loss of Head due to Friction.

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Frequently Asked Questions

HDPE Vs GRP Pipes

S.No. Parameter HDPE Pipes GRP Pipes12. Pumping Energy Lower Pumping Cost due to Lower

Frictional Losses. PE pipe has Better Flow characteristics

Higher Pumping Cost due to Higher Frictional Losses. This is easily computed as the “C” value of GRP pipe is much less (16% less) than PE pipe. This leads to more Frictional Loss in GRP Pipe and more energy exerted for Pumping Per Kilo-Litre of Water. This is a recurring drain in the user’s pocket.

13. Shut-down Wave Velocity

The shut-down Wave Velocity is half of what is in GRP piping system. Safe Leak-Proof Joints. Negligible Maintenance Cost.

The Shut-Down Wave Velocity is Double that of what is in HDPE Piping System. More Joint Failures and Increased Maintenance Cost.

14. Shut-down Pressure Change

The Shut-down pressure change is also half of what is in GRP Piping System. Safe Leak-proof joints. Negligible maintenance cost.

The Shut-Down pressure change is double that of what is in HDPE Piping System. More Joint Failures and Increased Maintenance Cost.

15. Water Hammer & Surge

Because of its Visco-Elastic Nature, absorbs most of the effect of Water Hammer & Surge and Survives without any damage

Rigid. Breaks under Water Hammer & Surge or needs Specials, Valves / Fittings to absorb the effect.

16. Thermal Resistance

PE has good Thermal Resistance and can sustain a wide range of Temperature variations between -40º C to +45º C

GRP becomes Brittle at Low Temperatures and thus prone to breakage.

17. Impact Resistance High Impact Resistance. Can survive Accidental Impacts.

Comparatively Low Resistance to Impacts. The pipes get damaged easily.

18. Compatibility Highly Compatible with other Piping Materials.

Not easily Compatible with other Piping Materials.

19. Environmental Stress Crack Resistance, (ESCR )

Very High ESCR, hence can be used over ground also.

Low ESCR. Not suitable for On ground and Over ground applications.

20. Abrasion Resistance

Very good Abrasion Resistance. Gives Very Long Trouble-Free life to Pipeline, particularly when water is pumped from Rivers, which may contain Silt / Sand Particles.

Prone to Abrasion. Pipes gets Damaged Faster due to Poor Abrasion and need Replacement, particularly when water is pumped from Rivers, which may contain Silt / Sand Particles.

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HDPE Vs GRP Pipes

S.No. Parameter HDPE Pipes GRP Pipes21. Strainability Strainability of PE pipe material is 3 times of

GRP. This enables :- Easy Installation- Less Number of Fittings- Reduced Frictional Loss- Trouble Free Operation- Very Low Maintenance Cost- Sustains Soil-Settlements & Prism Loads very well- Sustains through Earthquakes. Kobe, Japan is very good example. The report is officially available.

Strainability of GRP pipe material is 1/3rd of PE Pipes.- Installation troublesome- More number of fittings required- Higher frictional loss- Breakage trouble- Higher maintenance cost- Succumb to soil-settlements & Prism Loads.- Pipe-lines break due to earthquakes.

22 EnvironmentalEffect

HDPE is a Thermoplastic Plastic Material which can be recycled and hence is Environmentally friendlier.

GRP is a Thermoset Material which cannot be recycled hence Environmentally Hazardous.

23 InsideOutsideSmoothness

Polyethylene pipes manufactured by extrusion have a Smooth Internal & External Surface.

GRP piping based on Thermoset Systems will have either a True Inside Surface or a True Outside Surface but not both surfaces. Pipings made by Filament Winding have a good finish on the Inside while those made by Centrifugal Casting have a Smooth Outside Surface.

24 Water Absorption HDPE pipe have a negligible value of water absorption of 0.03 % and no impact on strength of pipe.

Water absorption of GRP pipes ranges from 0.2 % to 0.8 %. Permeation of this water into the polymer matrix could weaken the glass to resin bond.

Frequently Asked Questions

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List of Major Customers of PE Pipes

Application

Water Transmission, Distribution & House Service Connection

Major Water Supply & Sewerage Boards of India • CPWD New Delhi • Gujarat Water Supply & Sewerage Board • Chennai Metro Water Supply & Sewerage Board • Hyderabad Metro Water Supply & Sewerage Board • Mumbai Metropolitan Area Develop Authority • Karnataka Urban Water Supply & Sewerage Board • Kerala Water Authority • Delhi Jal Board • Rajasthan PHED. • Karnataka Urban Infra Finance Corp. • Tamil Nadu Water & Drainage Board • RUIDP.

• Municipal Corporations of : • Greater Mumbai • New Mumbai • Kolkata • Hyderbad • Tirupati • Thane • Nasik • Cuddapah • Dharmavaram • Jamshedpur • Kurnool • Rajamundry • Vijaywada.Townships: • GAIL India • NPCIL • Amanora • Lavasa • Sahara • Satya Sai Nilayam • Gulmarg Development Authority Kashmir • ONGC • NTPC • NPCIL • JSW Energy.

SEZ : • Adani Power • AP Industrial Infrastructure • Biomax Fuels • ELCOT • Cognizant • Gujarat Hira Bourse

Major Contractors : • Larsen & Tubro • Gammon India • Electro Steel Castings • Tata Projects • IVRCL • Nagarjuna Construction • LANCO • K. Ramakrishna • Koya • Megha Eng • Vishwa Infrastructures • JUSCO • Ashoka Buildcon • Clough Engineering • SMC Infra • Veolia Water• Compagnie Generale • Ion Exchange • Doshi Ion

City Gas Distribution Pipe.

• Mahanagar Gas Mumbai • Indraprastha Gas New Delhi • Vadodara Municipal Corp • Maharashtra Natural Gas • GAIL (India) • Green Gas- Lucknow • Greater Calcutta Gas • Tripura Natural Gas • GSPC Gas Company • Gujarat Gas • Adani Energy • Central UP Gas-Kanpur • Haryana City Gas • Sabarmati Gas.

Sewerage / Drainage & Effluent

• Airport Runway New Delhi & Hyderbad. • Delhi Jal Board • Delhi Development Authority • Delhi State Industrial Development Corporation • Kolkatta Environment Improvement Project • Kolkata Municipal Corporation • Karnataka Industrial Area Develop Board • Maharastra Industrial Development Corporation. • Gujarat Ind Develop Corp. • Chhattisgarh Ind. Development • UP Jal Nigam • IPCL • MP Audyogik Vikas / Laghu Udyog • Nuclear Power Corp. • ONGC • BHEL • Mumbai Waste Water Management • NTPC.

• Reliance Refinery • Mangalore Refinery • Pharmacity Vizag • BAYER • AVENTIS • NICHOLAS PIRAMAL • Gujarat Hira Bourse (SEZ) • DWSS, Punjab.• Sugar Factories : Survaraya Sugars. Balaghat SSK. Vasandada SSK. • Auto Cluster Vijaywada • Foundry Cluster Howrah.• Apparel Parks at Tirupur. Tronica City and Panipat.

Sewer Rehabitilation - Pipe Bursting / HDD

• Mumbai Muncipal Corp.. • Delhi Jal Board. • UP Jal Nigam- Rampur • Rajasthan Ind Infra Corp- Alwar

• Gypsum Structurals • VICHITRA • KRITA Bangalore • Patel Infra

Application

Permanently Lubricated Duct for OFC

• ALCATEL • Aircel • BSNL • Bharti Airtel • TATA Tele Services • Vodafone • MTNL • Grameen Phone • Reliance Telecom • Spice Telecom • Tata Communications • Ortel Telecom • Hughes Telecom • Globa Comm Nigeria • IOCL • BPCL • HPCL • Power Grid Corp of India Ltd • Gail Tel • Rail Tel.

• Aban Constructions • Dodsal • Essar Eng • Kalpataru • Gammon India • Punj Lloyd • Roman Tarmat • United Telecom • Telecommunications Consultants India Ltd. • ITI.

• Goa Broad Band - Goa State Wide Area Network.

Hydel Power

• Himurja : Marhi Mini Hydel Power & Keylong -Water Conductor• Himurja: Pangi- Spillway • Shakti Energy

Sand Stowing

• Central Coalfields • Guj Mineral Development Corp • Hindustan Zinc Singareni Collieries • South Eastern Coalfields • Hutti Gold Mines.

Dredging

• Gujarat Maritime Board • Gangavarm Port

HVAC / Chilled Water Circulation

• Blue Star Ltd., Goa • Volkswagen, Pune • Indo Rama, Nagpur • CIDCO, Mumbai

Seawater Intake / Outfall & River Crossing

• Befesa Infrastructure India Pvt. Ltd. (Chennai Metro Water). • Pharmacity Vizag • Kerala Water Authority Calicut

Casing for Gas Pipes & Cables

• Indraprastha Gas • Mahanagar Gas • Reliance Energy • BEST • Tata Power • Tata Teleservices • Airtel • ABB • Tamil Nadu Electricity Board • Maharashtra State Electricity Board • Delhi Vidyut Board • Delhi Metro Rail

Thermal Desalination of Sea Water.

• National Institute of Oceanography

Fire Fighting Water Systems

• Nuclear Power Corporation Kalpakkam (Bhawini) • Vallarpadam Newport Cochin • JN Port Trust New Mumbai.

Dust Supression

• Western Coal Field, Nagpur • Southeastern Coal Field, Chhatisgarh • Signeri Colleries Co. Ltd., Andhra Pradesh • Mahanadi Coal Fields, Orissa • Bihar Coal Co. Ltd. • SAIL • NTPC • Tata Steel • Reliance Energy • Gujarat Ambuja Cement • Marmabua Port Trust • Hindalco Industries (Aditya Birla Group) • Ramagundam Super Thermal power station • ACC Cement

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Applications - Photographs

Jointing of 1600 mm HDPE Pipe Sea Water Intake and Outfall Pipe, Befesa, Chennai.

Structural strength of HDPE pipe - Poclain / Excavator moving on 1600 mm dia. pipe with only 300 mm cover.

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1200 mm dia. PE pipe PN6 for pumping sewer, Kolkata Environment Improvement Project.

Rehabilitation of Corroded MS Pipe with 900mm dia. HDPE pipeline for Greater Mumbai Municipal Corporation.

B-Sure DWC Pipe used as a Conduit at JISL Factory Premises.

Applications - Photographs

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B-Sure DWC Pipe used as a Conduit at JISL Factory Premises.

Applications - Photographs

Himurja Hydro Power Project, Himachal Pradesh - Water Conductor 710 mm HDPE Pipe on steep slope in hilly areas at sub zero temperatures.

Gujarat Ind. Development Corporation, Sarigam - Effluent Disposal System 800-710 mm dia. PE Pipe as a replacement to DI and RCC pipes.

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Applications - Photographs

Installation and Jointing of 630 mm dia. to 110 mm dia. PE Pipe for Pharmacity, Vizagpatanam.

Vertical Installation of PE Pipe into OHT for Ramky Infrastructure

Kerala Water Authority Kozikode - Under Water Installation of dia. 500 mm to 315 mm for Potable Water Main in HDPE

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Applications - Photographs

Chilling Plant - HDPE pipe size 315 mm to 32 mm

Overhead Chilled Waterlines

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Potable Water Distribution Network 400 mm to 20 mm HDPE pipe size for 24X7 Water Supply for KUWASIP, Belgaum, Karnataka.

Applications - Photographs

560 mm dia. Slotted HDPE Pipe for infiltration gallery for Lanco Power Plant at Korba, Chattisgarh.

Raw Water Main 280 mm dia. PE Pipe as a replacement of GRP Pipe for Cairn Energy at Barmer, Rajasthan.

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Dust Suppression

Dust Suppression

Applications - Photographs

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Jain PE pipes have excellent resistance to a wide range of chemicals. They are ideally suited for conveying highly corrosive fluids and chemicals. Generally dilute chemical solutions at lower temperatures and stress have very little potential to affect Jain PE pipes. However, at higher temperature with applied stress, the effect of resistance to the chemical will be reduced. Combinations of one or more chemicals also may affect the pipes and under these conditions pre-testing of the pipe for the actual working condition or consulting Jain Irrigation Systems Limited directly is recommended.

Chemical Resistance Chart

Medium 23°C 60°CAcetaldehyde, gaseous E GAcetic acid (10%) E EAcetic acid (100%) (Glacial acetic acid) E GCAcetic anhydride E GCAcetone E EAcetylene tetrabromide **GtoN NAcids, aromatic E EAcrylonitrile E EAdipicacid E EAllyl alcohol E EAluminum chloride, anhydrous E EAluminum sulphate *E EAlums E EAmmonia, liquid (100%) E EAmmonium chloride *E EAmmonium flouride, aqueous (up to 20%) E EAmmonium nitrate *E EAmmonium sulphate *E EAmmonium sulfide *E EAmyl acetate E EAniline, pure E EAnisole G EAntimony trichloride E NAqua regia N NBarium chloride *E EBarium hydroxide *E EBeeswax *E **GtoNBenzene G GBenezenesulphonic acid E EBenzoic acid *E EBenzyl alcohol E E to GBorax, all concentrations E EBoric acid *E EBrine, saturated E EBromine N NBromine vapor N -

Medium 23°C 60°CButanetriol E EButanol E EButoxyl *E GButyl acetate E EButyl glycol E GButyric acid E GCalcium chloride *E ECalcium hypochlorite *E ECamphor E GCarbon dioxide E ECarbon disulphide GCarbon tetrachloride **GtoN NCaustic potash E ECaustic soda E EChlorine, liquid N N

Chlorine bleaching solution (12% active chlorine) G N

Chlorine gas, dry G NChlorine gas, moist G NClorine water (disinfection of mains) EChloroacetic acid (mono) E EChlorobenzene G NChloroethanol E ECChloroform **GtoN NChlorosulphonic acid N NChromic acid (80%) E CCitric acid E ECoconut oil E GCopper salts *E ECom oil E GCreosote E ECreosol E ECCyclohexane E ECyclohexanol E ECyclohexanone E EDecahydronaphthalene E G

Medium 23°C 60°CDesiccator grease E GDetergents, synthetic E EDextrin, aqueous (18% saturated) E EDibutyl ether EtoN NDibutyl phthaiate E GDichloroacetic acid (100%) E GCDichloroacetic acid (50%) E E

Dicliloroacetic acidmethyl ester E E

Dichlorbenzene G NDiclolorethane G GDicioroethyiene N NDiesel oil E GDiethyl ether EtoG GDiisobutyl ketone E GtoNDimethyl formamide (100%) E E to GDioxane E EEmulsifiers E EEsters, aliphatic E EtoGEther EtoG GEthyl acetate G NEthyl alcohol E EEthyl glycol E EEthyl hexanol EEEthylene chloride (dichlorothene) G GEthylene diamine E EFatty acids (>C6) E GFeric chloride* E EFluorine N NFluorocarbons G NFluorosilic acid, aqueous (up to 32%) E EFormaldehyde (40%) E EFormamide E EFormic acid EFruit juices E EFruit pulp E E

Chemical Resistance

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Medium 23°C 60°CFurfuryl alcohol E ECGelatine E EGlucose *E EGlycerol E EGlycerol chlorohydrin E EGlycol (conc.) E EGlycolic acid (50%) E EGlycolic acid (70%) E EHalothane G GHydrazine hydrate E EHydrobromic acid (50%) E EHydrochloric acid (all concentrations) E EHydrocyanic acid E EHydrofluoric acid (40%) E GHydrofluoric acid (70%) E GHydrogen E EHydrogen chloride gas, moist and dry E EHydrogen peroxide (30 %) E EHydrogen peroxide (100%) EPotassium chloride *E E(100%) EHydrogen sulfide E EIodine, tincture of, DAB 7 E GC(German Pharmacopoeia) Isooctane E GIsopropanol E EIsopropyl ether EtoG NJam E EKeotones E EtoGLactic acid E ELead acetate *E ELinseed oil E EMagnesium chloride *E EMagnesium sulphate *E EMaleic acid E EMalic acid E EMenthol E GMercuric chloride (sublimate) E EMercury E EMethanol E EMethyl butanol E EMethyl ethyl ketone E GtoNMethyl glycol E EMethylene chloride G G

Medium 23°C 60°CMineral oils E EtoGMolasses E EMonochloroacetic acid E EMonochloroacetic ethyl ester E EMonochloroacetic methyl ester E EMorpholine E ESpermaceti ENaptha E GNaphthalene E GNickel salts *E ENitric acid (25%) E ENitric acid (50%) G NNitrobenzene E Go-Nitrotoluene E GOctyl cresol G NOils, ethereal G GOils, vegetable & animal E EtoGOleic acid (conc.) E GOxalic acid (50%) E EOzone G N

Ozone, aqueous solution(Drinking water purification) E

Paraffin oil E EPerchloric acid (20%) E EPerchloric acid (50%) E GPerchloric acid (70%) E NCPetrol E EtoGPetroleum E GPetroleum ether E GPetroleum jelly **EtoG GPhenol E ECPhosphates *E EPhosphoric acid (25%) EPhosphoric acid (50%) E EPhosphoric acid (95%) EPhosphorus oxychloride E GCPhosphorus pentoxide E EPhosphorus trichloride E GPhotographic developers, commecial E EPhthalic acid (50%) E EPolyglycols E EPotassium bichromate (40%) E EPotassium borate, aqueous (1%) E E

Medium 23°C 60°CPotassium bromate, aqueous (up to 10%) E EPotassium bromide *E EPotassium Chloride (100%) *E EPotassium chromate, Eaqueous (40%)Potassium cyanide *E EPotassium hydroxide E EPotassium nitrate *E EPotassium permanganate E ECPropanol E EPropionic acid (50%) E EPropionic acid (100%) E GPropylene glycol E EPseudocumene G GPyridine E GSeawater ESilicic acid E ESilicone oil E ESilver nitrate E ESodium benzoate E ESodium bisulphite, weak aque-ous E ESodium carbonate *E ESodium chloride *E ESodium chlorite (50%) E GSodium hydroxide (30% solution) E ESodium hypochlorite (12%) (active chlorine) G NSodium nitrate *E ESodium silicate *E ESodium sulfide *E ESodium thiosulphate E ESpermaceti E GSpindle oil EtoG GStarch E ESteric acid E GSuccincacid(50%) E ESugar syrup E ESulfates *E ESulfur E ESulfur dioxide, dry E ESulfur dioxide, moist E ESulfur trioxide N NSulfuric acid (10%) E ESulfuric acid (50%) E E

Chemical Resistance

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Medium 23°C 60°CSulfuric acid (98%) G NSulfuric acid, fuming N NSulfurous acid E ESulfuryl chloride NTallow E ETannicacid (10%) E ETartaric acid E ETetrachloroethane **EtoG NTetrahydrofurane **EtoGTetetrahydronapthalene E GThionyl chloride N NThiophene G G

Medium 23°C 60°CToluene G NTransformer oil E GTributyl phosphate E ETrich loroacetic acid (50%) E ETrich loroacetic acid (100%) E GtoNTrich loroethylene **EtoG NTriethanolamine E ETurpentine, oil of Tween 20 and 90 EtoG G(Atlas Chemicals) E EUrea *E EVinegar (commecial conc.) E EViscose spinning solutions E E

Medium 23°C 60°C

Waste gases containing carbon dioxide E Ecarbon monoxide E Ehydrocloric acid (all conc.)hydrogen fluoride (traces) E Enitrous vitriol (traces) E Esulfur dioxide (low conc.) E Esulphuric acid, moist (all conc.) E EWater gas E EXylene, Yeast, aqueous N NPreparations E EZinc Chloride *E E

Key MeaningE Resistant (swelling < 3% of weight loss <0.5%; elongation at break not substantially changed)G Limited resistance (swelling 3 - 8% orweight loss 0.5 - 5%; elongation at break reduced by <50%)N Not resistant (swelling > 8% orweight loss > 5%; elongation at break reduced by >50%)C Discoloration* Aqueous solutions in all concentrations“ Only under low mechanical stressf Where a key is not printed in the table, data is not available.

Chemical Resistance

450 mm dia. HDPE pipe used for Lift Irrigation Purpose

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Material Safety Data Sheet

MSDS Number : 0916601 Revision : 01 Date : 15.06.2009

1. Product Identification and Company

Product Name Jain PE Pipes

Manufacturer Jain Irrigation Systems Ltd.

Jain Plastic Park , N.H.6, Bambhori

Jalgaon 425 001 (India)

Application • Water Transmission, Distribution & House Service Connection •

Sewerage, Drainage & Effluent Disposal • Natural Gas Distribution • OFC Ducting; Power Cable Ducting • Raw Water Intake / Outfall Lines •

Dredging • Slurry & Sludge Transport • Fire Hydrant Systems • Landfill Lechate Gas Extraction.

Chemical Family / Classification Polyolefin

CAS No. Not applicable - Mixture

Formula Proprietary

Emergency Telephone number + 91 257 2258011 / 22

2. Composition / Information on Ingredients

Product is made from polyethylene polymer and other required additives. Does not contain any substances which are classified as Hazardous under normal processing conditions.

3. Physical and Chemical Properties

Physical Form Solid

Colour Black / other colours as specified

Odor Odourless

Boiling Point Not Applicable

Melting Point 115 – 140°C

Freezing Point Not Applicable

Solubility in Water None

Specific Gravity > 0.9 ( Water = 1)

Vapor Density Not applicable (Air > 1)

Evaporation Rate None (Butyl Acetate = 1)

Vapor Pressure Not applicable

% Volatile None

pH Not Applicable

The physical data presented above are typical values and should not be construed as a specification

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Material Safety Data Sheet

MSDS Number : 0916601 Revision : 01 Date : 15.06.2009

4. Fire Hazard Data and Fighting methods

Flash Ignition Temperature About 335° C

Auto Ignition Temperature About 350° C

Extinguishing Media Dry chemical, foam water, water spray (fog) or carbon dioxide. Do not use water jet.

Special Fire Fighting Procedure In the event of fire, wear NIOSH approved, positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), Full protective clothing. Evacuate all personnel from danger area. If protective equipment is not available fight fire from a protected location or safe distance.

Hazardous Combustion Products Main gases evolved, but not limited to, during combustion are carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide.

In case of Fire Extinguishing media : Water, Foam, Carbon Dioxide, Chemical PowderSpecial Procedure : Avoid water jet initially to restrict flying of flameUnusual hazard : None

5. Human Health Data

Emergency Overview During a Fire Emergency

Primary Route(s) of Exposure x Inhalation o Ingestion x Eye x Skin Contact

Potential Health Effects and Symptoms of Over-ExposureDuring a fire emergency, when this product is burned, it may generate smoke.

Eye Contact Smoke from a fire emergency may cause eye irritation. Flush eyes with water thoroughly for several minutes. If effects occur consult a physician.

Skin Contact After contact with molten polymer cool rapidly with cold water. Do not attempt to pull / remove solidified product away from the skin. Seek medical advice immediately.

Inhalation Smoke from a fire emergency may cause respiratory irritation. Move person to fresh air. If effects occur seek medical advice.

Ingestion Unlikely.

Medical Conditions Aggravated by Over-ExposureAt room temperature the material is not irritant and does not liberate dangerous fumes.Available toxicological information and the physical/chemical properties of the material suggest that there is no evidence that this product aggravates an existing medical condition.

6. First Aid Measures

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Material Safety Data Sheet

MSDS Number : 0916601 Revision : 01 Date : 15.06.2009

Eye Contact Immediately flush eyes with water for at least 15 minutes. Do not rub the eyes. If irritation develops, consult a physician.

Skin Contact Under normal conditions will not pose any problem. If burned by molten plastics, get medical attention immediately

Inhalation If smoke from burning plastics is inhaled, move to fresh air immediately. If symptoms develop, seek immediate medical attention.

Ingestion Unlikely. If swallowed seek medical attention. Seek medical attention immediately. Do not induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel.

Notes to Physician Treat symptomatically and supportively

7. Handling and Storage

Read and observe all precautions on product label / technical bulletin or catalogue or product literature. Store in accordance with good manufacturing practices. During usage observe for any air leaks, bumps, thumps, rattles, squeals or unusual sounds, smell like burning insulation, hot oil or problem with wiring and cables, hydraulic connections and if found any thing unusual take appropriate corrective action.

8. Stability and Reactivity

Conditions to avoid Exposure to elevated temperature can cause the product to decompose.

Stability Stable

Hazardous Decomposition Will not occur in normal circumstances / condition.

9. Toxicological Information

Chronic Toxicity

Carcinogenic Effects Not identified as carcinogen by ACGIH, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) or the European Commission (EC).

Mutagenic Effects Not classified as mutagen by established regulatory criteria.

Reproductive Effects Not classified as reproductive toxin by established regulatory criteria.

Developmental and Teratogenic Effects Not classified as teratogenic or embryotoxic by established regulatory criteria.

10. Ecological Information

Product not considered as dangerous for the environment.

11. Disposal consideration

Product can be recycled after the intended use. Disposal shall be in accordance with applicable local and national regulation.

12. Other Information

The Product is not dangerous according to the Domestic and International Regulations, Currently in Force, Concerning Road, Rail, Maritime and Air Transportation.

This information is furnished without warranty, expressed or implied except that it is accurate to the best knowledge of Jain Irrigation Systems Ltd., neither Jain Irrigation Systems Ltd., nor any of its subsidiaries assume any liability whatsoever for the accuracy or completeness of the information contained herein. Final determination of suitability of any material is the sole responsibility of the user. All materials may present unknown hazards and should be used with caution. Although certain hazards are described herein, we cannot guarantee that these are the only hazards that exist. Jain Irrigation Systems Ltd., assumes no legal responsibility for loss, damage or expense arising out of, or in any way connected with the handling, storage, use or disposal of this product.

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Specification, Standards & Product Performance Certifications

Jain PE Pipes are Manufactured conforming to the following standards

Standards UsageIS 4984 For Potable Water Supply

IS 14333 For Sewage & EffluentIS 14151 For Sprinkler IrrigationIS 14885 Pipes for Gaseous FuelIS 7634 For Installation

ISO 4427 For Potable Water SupplyISO 4437 Pipes for Gaseous FuelDIN 8074 –

ASTM –

TEC GR/CDS-08/02 November 2004

Duct Pipes for Optical Fibre Cable

IS 14930( Part 2)-2001, Also conforms to TEC Spec GR/DWC-34/01 SEP 2007.

EN 1:2002(E)

DWC Pipe

On demand customer specified requirements

1 Quick-Connect® PE Pipes (a) CIPET, India; (b) SGS, India

2 Compression Fittings (a) WRc, U.K.; (b) CIPET, India

3 PE Pipes (a) WRc, U.K.; (b) CIPET, India; (c) SGS, India; (d) Intox, India

4 PE Pipes for Potable Water Supply

(a) WRc, U.K.

5 PE Pipes for Supply of Gaseous Fuels

BIS Certification on completion of 10000 hrs Hydrostatic type test

6 PE Pipes for Supply of Natural Gas

Gas Companies of India

7 Permanently Lubricated Duct Alcatel Lucent, Siemens

BIS : Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, India.WRAS : Water Regulation Advisory Scheme, U.K.SGS : SGS India Pvt. Ltd., India.Intox : Institute for Toxicological Studies, India. CIPET : Central Institute of Plastics Engineering and Technology,Chennai India.

ISO 9001:2000 For Design, Manufacture & Supply.

ISO 14001:2004 For Design, Manufacture & Supply.

BS OHSAS 18001:2007 For Manufacture of all Product Line

Product Performance Certifications

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107

Specification, Standards & Product Performance Certifications

Jain Irrigation Systems Ltd. are the owners of Registered Trade MarkJain PVC Ball Valves® • Jain PVC Foot Valves® • Jain Super Flow® • Quick - Connect® • J-QRC® • Sure-Loc® • Sure Loc Plus® • Silicoat® • Jain Spiro-Flo® • Jain PE Pipe® •

Jain PVC Gate Valve®• Sure Loc Plus® •

Theme Lines• More Crop Per Drop® • Small Ideas. Big Revolutions.® • Key to Prosperity® • Water is Life®.

Jain Irrigation Systems Ltd. are the owners of Trade Mark• Spray-Tube™ • Better B-Sure Never be Sorry • B-Sure™ • J-QRC Pipes™ • Spray-Tubes™ •

Brands

GreenhouseJain

Design of following products has been registered as of the numbers mentioned in pursuance of and subject to the provision of the Design Act - 1911, and the Design Rules - 1933, India.

Sure-Loc® : Pipe Joint Design Registration No. 183473Jain Spiro-Flo®: Pipe - Product Design Registration No. 183474

Jain ARV-C® : Air Release Valve Product Design Registration No. 183475Sure Loc Plus™: Pipe Joint - Product Design Registration No. 202301Quick Connect® - Fitting - Product Design Registration No. 205544

Jain Tough Hose - Twin Line® - Product Design Registration No. 206594Pipe Connect Joint (High Pressure quick connect joint) - Product Design Registration No. 219183

Copy Right• Jain Irrigation Systems Ltd. has the statutory right to use the artistic work of two yellow or golden or red parallel stripes on a black tube for irrigation, under the Copyright Act 1957, India

PatentPatent pending for Sure Loc Plus™ Pipe joint.

Patent pending for Snap Fit Joint

Sole DistributorshipM/s. Komet Irrco-Italy, for their complete range of Sprinklers and Rain Guns.

The information given about Jain Irrigation Systems Ltd.’s (JISL) products is without any obligation. The technical data concerning JISL’s products are typical values subject to alteration. JISL reserves the right to re-design or modify their products without incurring further liability.

The actual use of the products by the purchaser / customer is beyond the control of JISL and JISL can not be held responsible for any loss and/or any consequential liability arising out of incorrect or faulty or mis-use of the products.

Greenhouse Product Catalogue - Revision 01 - 2008-09

Disclaimer

The information available through this document was prepared by the Jain Irrigation Systems Ltd., (JISL) as general information for customers of Polyethylene pipes.

The information is prepared in good faith and believed to be accurate as per our knowledge, it may not always be up to date or directly applicable to all your specific circumstances. The JISL extends no warranties and makes no representations as to the accuracy or completeness of the information contained herein and disclaim all liability for any loss or damage arising from reliance on this information by any person.

The properties of pipes, mentioned in this document will only be achieved under specific processing conditions. Nothing in this document shall constitute any warranty (express or implied, of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, and compliance with performance indicators or otherwise). It is the responsibility of those to whom we supply the products or who use this information to ensure that any proprietary rights and existing laws and legislation are observed and its correctness.

Consult the pipe or fitting expert for information specific to your individual circumstances or to discuss the implications of any issue raised through the information provided here.

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ConversionFactors

Quantity Imperial Unit Metric Unit Imperial to Metric Unit Metric to Imperial Unit

Length

Inch (in) Foot (ft) Yard (yd) Furlong (fur) Mile

Mili-meter (mm) or Centimeter (cm) meter (m) Meter or Kilometer (km) Kilometer (km)

1 in = 25.4 mm 1 ft = 30.46 cm 1 yd = 0.9144 m 1 fur = 201.17 m 1 mile = 1.61 km

1 cm = 0.394 in 1 cm = 0.0328 ft. 1 m = 1.09 yd 1 km = 4.97 fur 1 km = 0.621 mile

International nautical mile (for Navigation) 1 mile = 1852 m. 1 m = 3.28 ft.

Mass

Ounce (oz) Pound (lb) StoneTon (U.K.)

Gram (g)Gram or Kilogram (kg) Kilogram (kg) Tonne (t)

1 oz = 28.34 g. 1 lb = 454 g. 1 stone = 6.35 kg. 1 ton = 1.02 tonne

1 g = 0.0353 oz 1 kg = 2.20 lb1 kg = 0.157 stone1 tonne = 0.984 ton

Area

Square inch (in²) Square foot (ft²)Square foot (ft)Square yard (yd²) Hectare (Ha) Acre(ac) Acre (ac) Square mile

Square Centimeter (cm²) Square Centimeter (cm²) or Square Meter (m²) Square Meter (m²) Square Meter (m²) Square Meter (m²)Hectare (ha) Square Kilometer (km²)

1 in² = 6.45 cm²1 ft² = 929.03 cm²1 ft² = 0.093 m²1 yd² = 0.836 m² 1 Ha = 10000 m² 1 ac = 4046.83 m² 1 Lac = 0.405 ha 1 sq. mile = 2.59 km²

1 cm² = 0.155 in²1 ha = 0.0010 cm²1 m² = 10.76 ft² 1 m² = 1.196 yd² 1 m² = 0.0001 Ha 1 m² = 0.000247 ac 1 ha = 2.471 ac 1 km² = 0.386 sq. mile

VolumeCubic inch (in³) Cubic foot (ft³) Cubic yard (yd³)

Cubic Centimeter cm³Cubic Meter m³ Cubic Meter m³

1 in³ = 16.4 cm³1 ft³ = 0.0283 m³ 1 yd³ = 0.765 m³

1 cm³ = 0.0610 in³ 1 m³ = 35.315 ft³ 1 m³ = 1.31 yd³

Volume (fluid)

Fluid ounce (fl oz) Pint (pt) (U.K.)Gallon (gal) (U.K.)

Mililiter (ml) Mililiter (ml) or liter (l) Liter (1) or cubic liter m³)

1 fl oz = 28.4ml 1 pt = 568.26 ml 1 gal = 4.546 liter

1 ml = 0.0352 fl oz 1 ml = 0.00176 pt. 1 liter = 0.220 gal

Force Pound - force (Ibf) Ton-force (tonf)

Newton (N) Kilonewton (kN)

1 Ibf = 4.45 N 1 tonf = 9.96 kN

1 N = 0.225 lbf1 kN = 0.100 tonf

Pressure

Pound per square inch (psi) Atmosphere (atm)

Ton per square inch (ton/in²) Inch per mercury (in Hg) (for meteorology)

Kilopascal (kPa)Kilopascal (kPa) orMegapascal (MPa)Megapascal (MPa)Mihbar (mb) .

1 psi = 6.89 kPa 1 atm = 101.325 kPa1 kg/cm² = 98.0665 kPa1 ton/in² = 13.79 MPa1 in Hg = 33.9 mb 1 bar = 1.01 kg/cm²

1 kPa = 0.145 psi1 kPa = 0.0099 atm1 kPa = 0.010197 kg/cm² 1 MPa = 9.87 atm1 MPa = 0.0647 ton/in²1 mb = 0.0295 in Hg1 kg/cm² = 0.98 bar

VelocityMile per hour (mph)Knot (kn)(for navigation)

Kilometer per hour (km/h) 1 mph = 1.61 km/h = 1 kn = 1.58 km/h 1 km/h = 0.621 mph

DensityPound per cubic inch (lb/in²)

Ton per cubic yard

Gram per cubic cm. (g/cm²) tonne per cubic meter (t/m³) tonne per cubic meter (t/m³)

1 lb/in³ = 27.67 g/cm³ 1ib/in³ = 27.7 t/m³ 1 ton/yd³ = 1.308 t/m³

1 g/cm³ = 0.036 lb/in³ 1 t/m = 0.0361 lb/in³ 1 t/m = 0.765 ton/yd³

EnergyBritish thermal unit.(Btu)Therm(for electrical energy)

Kilojoule (KJ) Megajoule (MJ) Kilowatt hour (kWh)

1 Btu = 1.055 KJ 1 therm = 105.51 MJ1 kWh = 3.60MJ

1 KJ = 0.948 Btu1 MJ = 0.00947 therm1 MJ = 0.277 kWh

Power Horsepower (hp) Kilowatt (kW) 1 hp = 0.746 kW 1 kW = 1.34 hp

Time Minute (min) Second (s)Hour (hr)

1 min = 60 s 1 h = 3600 s

Conversion Factors & Formulas

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Conversion Table For Discharge

Discharge MgdCft/Sec {Cusecs)

* Gal/Sec * Gal/Min * Gal/Hour * Gal/Day Lit/Sec Lit./ Min Lit/Hour Lit Day KLD MLD m³/Sec

1 MGD 1.0 1.8581 11.574 694.44 41666.67 1000000.0 52.6168 3157.01 189420.5 4546092.0 4546.09 4.54609 0.0526168

1 CFT/Sec (Cusecs) 0.5381 1.0 6.23 373.73 22423.80 538171.10 28.31 1699.01 101940.60 2446576 2446.576 2.446 0.02831

* 1 Gal./Sec 0.0864 0.16051 1.0 60.0 3600.0 86400.0 4.54609 272.77 16365.93 392783.30 392.782 0.392782 0.00454609

* 1 Gal./Hour 0.000024 0.0000446 0.0002778 0.016667 1.0 24.0 0.0012628 0.07577 4.5461 109.106 0.10911 0.0001091 0.000001263

* 1 Gal./Day 0.000001 0.00000186 0.00001157 0.000694 0.04164 1.0 0.0000526 0.003157 0.1894 4.546 0.00455 0.0000046 0.000000052

1 Lit/Sec 0.019005 0.03532 0.219969 13.19815 791.89 19005.33 1.0 60.0 3600.0 86400.0 86.4 0.0864 0.001

1 Lit./Min 0.00031675 0.0005886 0.003666 0.219969 13.19815 316.76 0.016667 1.0 60.0 1440.0 1.44 0.00144 0.000016667

1 Lit/Hour 0.00000528 0.00000981 0.0000611 0.003667 0.21996 5.28 0.0002778 0.01667 1.0 24.0 0.024 0.000024 0.0000002778

1 Lit./Day 0.00000022 0.00000041 0.00000255 0.000153 0.00917 0.22 0.0000116 0.000694 0.0417 1.0 0.001 0.000001 0.0000000116

1KLD 0.0002199 0.00040888 0.0025459 0.152756 9.1653 219.97 0.011574 0.69444 41.6667 1000 1.0 0.001 0.000011574

1MLD 0.219969 0.040888 2.5459 152.756 9165.3 219973.6 11.574 694.44 41666.67 1000000.0 1000.0 1.0 0.011574

1 M³/Sec 19.005 35.314 219.97 13198.15 791888.90 19005330 1000.0 60000.0 3600000.0 86400000.0 86400.0 86.4 1.0

Note : * Gallon (UK)

Conversion Factors & Formulas

System of Measurement

METRICLENGTH ENERGY (WORK & HEAT)1000 micrometres = 1 millimetre 1000 millijoules = 1 joule10 millimetres = 1 centimetre 1000 joules = 1 kilo joule1000 millimetres = 1 metre 1000 kilojoules = 1 mega joule100 centimetres = 1 metre 3.6 megajoules = 1 kilowatt hour1000 metres = 1 kilometre 1000 mega joules = 1 gigajoule1852 metres = 1 (I.N) mile VOLUME & CAPACITYAREA 1000 cu millimetres = 1 cu centimetre100 sq millimeters = 1 sq centimetre 1 millilitre = 1 centimetre10,000 sq centimeters = 1 sq metre 10 millilitres = 1 centilitre2.471 acre = 1 hectare 1000 millilitres = 1 litre10,000 sq metres = 1 hectare 100 centilitres = 1 litre4047 hectares = 1 acre 1000 litres = 1 cu. metre100 hectares = 1 sq kilo metre 35.315 cu. feet = 1 cu. metreMASS 61024 cu. inch = 1 cu. Metre200 milligrams = 1 metric carat 4.546 liter = 1 gallon1000 milligrams = 1 gram5 metric carats = 1 gram453.59 grams = 1 pound1000 grams = 1 kilogram1000 kilograms = 1 tonne

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Conversion Factors & Formulas

PRESSURE AND STRESS POWER100 pascals = 1 millibar 1000 milliwatts = 1 watt1000 pascals = 1 kilo pascal 746 watts = 1 hp100000 pascals = 1 bar 0.746 Kwh = 1 hp1.02 kg / cm² = 1 bar 1.34 hp = 1 Kwh14.22 PSI = 1 kg/cm² 1000 watts = 1 kilowatt10 m of water = 1 kg/cm² 1000 kilowatts = 1 megawatt1000 kilo pascals = 1 mega pascal 1000 megawatts = 1 gigawattFORCE4.45 newton = 1 pound force (lbf)9.81 newtons = 1 kilogram force (kgf)100000 dyne = 1 newton

IMPERIALLENGTH LENGTH (NAUTICAL)12 inches = 1 foot 6 feet = 1 fathom3 feet = 1 yard 100 fathoms (approx) = 1 cable length5.5 yards = 1 rod 10 cable lengths = 1 nautical mile220 yards = 1 furlong AREA40 rods = 1 furlong 144 sq ins = 1 sq foot5280 feet = 1 mile 9 sq feet = 1 sq yard1760 yards = 1 mile 30.25 sq yds = 1 sq rod8 furlongs = 1 mile 1210 sq yds = 1 rood3 miles = 1 league 4840 sq yds = 1 acre100 links = 1 chain 640 acres = 1 sq mile22 yards = 1 chain VOLUME4 rods = 1 chain 1728 cu ins = 1 cu foot

46656 cu ins = 1 cu yard27 cu feet = 1 cu yard

Surface or Area

1 Sq. Meter (m²) = 10,000 sq. cm. = 1.1960 yds.1 Hectare = 10,000 sq. mtr. = 2.4711 acres1 Sq. Km = 100 Hectares = 0.386 sq. miles1 Sq. Yard = 9 sq. ft. = 0.8361 m1 Sq. Meter = 10.7639 sq. ft.

System of Measurement continued..

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A ampere GHz gigahertzC coulomb GJ gigajouleºC Celcius GW gigohmcg centigram GPa gigapascalcL centilitre GW gigawattcm centimetre h hourcm² sq. centimetre H henrycm³ cubic centimetre ha hectareCM metric carat hL hectolitrecP centipoise hpz hectopiezecSt centistokes Hz hertzdB decibel J JouledL decilitre kA kiloamperedm decimetre kC kilocoulombdm² square decimetre kg kilogramdm³ cubic decimetre kHz kilohertzEhz exahertz kj kilojoule

F farad kL kilolitreg gram km kilometre

km² square kilometre mT milliteslakm³ cubic kilometre mV millivolt

km/h kilometre/hour MV megavolt

km/s kilometre per secondmW milliwattMW megawatt

kN kilonewton min minuteKΩ kilohm µA microampereKPa kilopascal µbar microbarKs kilosecond µC microcoulombKS kilosiemens µF microfaradKV kilovolt µg microgramKW kilowatt µH microhenry

KWh kilowatt hour µL microlitreL litre. µm micrometrem metre µN micronewton

m/s metre per second µW microhmm² square metre µPa micropascal

m²/s square metre per second µs microsecond

m³ cubic metre µS microsiemensmA milliampere µT microteslamb millibar µV microvoltmC millicoulomb µW microwattMC megacoulomb N Newton mg milligram nA nanoampereMg megagram nC nanocoulombmH millihenry ng nanogramMHz megahertz uH nanohenrymj millijoule nm nanometreMJ megajoule ns nanosecondmL millilitre nT nanoteslaMm megametre WΩ watt, ohmmm millimetre PA picoamperemm² square millimetre Pa pascal

mm²/s square millimetre / second Pa.s pascal sec

mm³ cubic millimetre pC picocoulombML megalitre pF picofaradmN milinewton pH picohenryMN meganewton pHz petahertzmΩ milliohm pm picometreMΩ megohm s secondmPa millipascal S SiemensMPa megapascal t tonnems millisecond Thz terahertzm/s metre per second TJ terajoulemS millisiemens TW terawatt

V volt

Metric Standard Abbreviations

Conversion Factors & Formulas

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112

Factors for Conversion to SI Units of Measurement *

To convert from To Multiply by

acre foot cubic meter, m³ 1233.489

acre square meter, m² 4046.873

chain meter, m 20.11684

foot, ft meter, m .3048000

cubic foot per minute, ft³/min cubic meter per second, m³/s 0.000471

cubic foot per second, ft³/s cubic meter per second, m³/s 0.002831

foot to the fourth power, ft4 (area moment of inertia) meter to the fourth power, m4 0.000863

foot per minute, ft/min meter per second, m/s 0.005080

foot per second, ft/s meter per second, m/s 0.030480

foot per square second, ft/s² meter per square second, m/s² 0.030480

gallon, gal (Canadian liquid) cubic meter, m³ 0.000454

gallon, gal (U.K. liquid) cubic meter, m³ 0.000454

gallon, gal (U.S. dry) cubic meter, m³ 0.000440

gallon, gal (U.S. liquid) cubic meter, m³ 0.000378

gallon, gal (U.S. liquid) per day cubic meter per second, m³/s 4.381264 x 10-8

gallon, gal (U.S. liquid) per minute cubic meter per second, m³/s 6.309020 x 10-5

hectare, ha square meter, m² 10000

inch, in meter, m 0.002540

kilogram force, kgf newton, N 9.81

kilogram force per square centimeter, kgf/cm² pascal, Pa 98066 x 104

kilogram force per square meter, kgf/m² pascal, Pa 9.81

liter cubic meter, m³ 0.0001

maxwell weber, Wb 1.000000 x 10-8

square mile, mi² (international) square meter, m² 2589988

ton (metric) kilogram, kg 1000.0

ton (refrigeration) watt, W 3516.80

tonne, t kilogram, kg 1000.0

watt hour, Wh joule, J 3600.0

yard, yd meter, m 0.914400

square yard, yd² square meter, m² 0.836127

cubic yard, yd³ cubic meter, m³ 0.764554

Conversion Factors & Formulas

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Conversion Factors & Formulas

Temperature Conversion

Fahrenheit to Centigrade / Celsius

32 40 50 60 70 75 85 95 105 140 175 212 ºF

ºC0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 60 80 100

° C = °F °F = °C-10 = 14 -9.4 = -230 = 32 -0.4 = -18

10 = 50 10.4 = -12 20 = 68 19.4 = -7 30 = 86 30.2 = -1 40 = 104 40.0 = 4.4 50 = 122 50.0 = 1060 = 140 60.8 = 1670 = 158 69.8 = 2180 = 176 80.6 = 2790 = 194 89.6 = 32

100 = 212 100.4 = 38150 = 302 150.8 = 66200 = 392 199.4 = 93

32 41 50 59 68 77 86 95 104 140 176 212 ⁰F

Acre Hectare

1 acre 0.4046

5 acre 2.0234

10 acre 4.0468

15 acre 6.0702

20 acre 8.0937

25 acre 10.1171

30 acre 12.1405

35 acre 14.1639

40 acre 16.1874

45 acre 18.2108

50 acre 20.2342

Lb kg

1 lb 0.4536

5 lb 2.2680

10 4.5360

15 6.8040

20 9.0720

25 11.3400

30 13.6080

35 15.8760

40 18.1440

45 20.4120

50 22.6800

Mile Km

1 1.6093

5 8.0467

10 16.0934

15 24.1401

20 32.1868

25 40.2336

30 48.2803

35 56.3270

40 64.3737

45 72.4204

50 80.4672

Length Area Weight

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Head Office09422776790,09823310185,09422776815

Andhra Pradesh09440797855

Assam09435199998,

Bihar09431800776

Gujarat09426725764.

Jharkhand09431106066

Karnataka09448280757, 09448286500

Kerala09388957500

Himachal Pradesh, Punjab & J&K09418169333

Greater Mumbai & Goa09821154080, 9870099455

Communication

Madhya Pradesh & Chhattisgarh09425322482, 09425067485

Maharashtra09422726264,

New Delhi, NCR & Haryana09971758999,

Rajasthan 09414055432,

Raipur09425320969,

Orissa09439203473

Tamil Nadu09444049794,

Uttrakhand09412055360

Uttar Pradesh09453007282

West Bengal & NE State09433045449,

Small Ideas. Big Revolutions.®

Head OfficeJain Plastic Park, P.O.Box: 72, Jalgaon - 425 001. India.

Tel: +91-257-2258011; Fax: +91-257-2258111; E-mail: [email protected];www.jains.com

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