K E M E N T E R I A N P E K E R J A A N U M U MDIREKTORAT JENDERAL SUMBER DAYA AIRDIREKTORAT BINA OPERASI DAN PEMELIHARAAN
Tokyo, November 2014
Jakarta Flood Disaster Management
Ir. Hartanto Dipl. HESudarsono, ATP, CES
A. Jakarta Flood Management Milestones
B. Challenges in Jakarta Flood Management
C. Jakarta Flood Management Concept &Implementation
Point of Discussion
1621, 1654 Great Flood
Batavia (Jakarta) Drainage System, 1918, No Flood Canal
1854 Burgelijke Openbare
Werken (BOW)
Ministry of Public Works
1873Great Flood,
1 meter inundation
1918Idea and Starting Point of West Flood Canal Project
A.1 Jakarta Flood Management Milestones
1922West Flood Canal
Completed
1965Establishment of Flood
Prevention Project
2010East Flood Canal along
23.5 Km Completed
1973Flood Management
Masterplan
Batavia (Jakarta) Drainage System, 1922
Masterplan for Jakarta Drainage System, 1973
East Flood Canal, 2010
A.2 Jakarta Flood Management Milestones
2. RAINFALL
1. LAND USE CHANGES
2. 13 RIVERS ACCROS JAKARTA
3. NARROWING AND SHALLOWING OF THE RIVER CHANNEL
4. LAND SUBSIDENCE OF JAKARTA
5. JAKARTA DRAINAGE SYSTEM
Ciliwung – Cisadane River Basin
3. FLOOD
B Challenges in Jakarta Flood Management
1. CHALLENGES
D
690000
690000
695000
695000
700000
700000
705000
705000
710000
710000
715000
715000
9295
000 9295000
9300
000 9300000
9305
000 9305000
9310
000 9310000
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000 9315000
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000 9320000
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000 9325000
D
690000
690000
695000
695000
700000
700000
705000
705000
710000
710000
715000
715000
9295
000 9295000
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000 9300000
9305
000 9305000
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000 9310000
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000 9315000
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000 9320000
9325
000 9325000
690000
690000
695000
695000
700000
700000
705000
705000
710000
710000
715000
715000
9295
000 9295000
9300
000 9300000
9305
000 9305000
9310
000 9310000
9315
000 9315000
9320
000 9320000
9325
000 9325000
690000
690000
695000
695000
700000
700000
705000
705000
710000
710000
715000
715000
9295
000 9295000
9300
000 9300000
9305
000 9305000
9310
000 9310000
9315
000 9315000
9320
000 9320000
9325
000 9325000
LAND USE CHANGES IN JAKARTA 1970’s - 2000’s
1972
1993
2002
Jakarta area approximately 65.000 Ha with Population Density about 20.000 to 30.000 people/Km² (2014)
t0
t1
t2t3
UpstreamMidstream
Downstream
2000
m d
pl
JAKARTA
DEPOKBOGOR
S. Ciliwung
Ciliwung River Basin
B.1.1 Challenges - Land Use Changes
1970’s
1980’s
1990’s
2000’s
MOOKERVART
GROGOL
PESANGGRAHAN
CENGKARENG DRAIN
Cengkareng Sluicegate
ANGKE
KRUKUT
West Flood Canal
KALI BARU BARATCILIWUNG
Manggarai Sluicegate
Karet Sluicegate
SUNTER
KALI BARU TIMUR
CIPINANG
BUARAN
JATI KRAMAT
East Flood Canal
Weir II
Weir III
Weir I
CAKUNG
CAKUNG DRAIN
FLOOD WAY/SUNGAI BUATAN
JAKARTA 20th Century
B.1.2 Challenges - 13 Rivers Accros Jakarta
River Embankment
Riverbed
Riverbanks
B.1.3 Challenges - Narrowing and Shallowing of The River Channel
Land SubsidenceWith Sea Level Rise
B.1.4 Challenges - Land Subsidence of Jakarta
KondisiTahun
1989 2007 2025Land Subsidence (-) 46-60 cm 46-60 cm
Sea Level Rise (+) 50 cm 50 cm
B.1.5 Challenges - Jakarta Drainage System
JAVA SEA
35
7177
4557.00
28
10
0102030405060708090
12-Ja
n-14
13-Ja
n-14
14-Ja
n-14
15-Ja
n-14
16-Ja
n-14
17-Ja
n-14
18-Ja
n-14
PCH Jemb PanusCu
rah
Huj
an (m
m)
t0
t1
t2
t3
Upstream
Midstream
Downstream
2000
m d
pl
Sumber: BBWS Cil-Cis
Daily Rainfall from 12 – 18 January 201456
76
13.5
45.5 47.75
20.5
67
01020304050607080
12-Ja
n-14
13-Ja
n-14
14-Ja
n-14
15-Ja
n-14
16-Ja
n-14
17-Ja
n-14
18-Ja
n-14
Cilember Rainfall Station
Rain
fall
/mm
92 94
6
66.5 64.63
16
115.5
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
12-Ja
n-14
13-Ja
n-14
14-Ja
n-14
15-Ja
n-14
16-Ja
n-14
17-Ja
n-14
18-Ja
n-14
Gadog Rainfall Station
Cura
hHu
jan
(mm
)
35
132.5
8
4755.63
15
128
020406080
100120140
12-Ja
n-14
13-Ja
n-14
14-Ja
n-14
15-Ja
n-14
16-Ja
n-14
17-Ja
n-14
18-Ja
n-14
PCH CawangRainfall Station
Cura
hH
ujan
(mm
)
Ciliwung Daily Rainfall Information in the Event of Flooding, Jan. 2014
B.2.1 Rainfall
t0
t1
t2
t3
Upstream
Midstream
Downstream
2000
m d
pl
Sumber: BBWS Cil-Cis
Daily Rainfall on 28-29 Januari 2014
69
253
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
28-Jan-14 29-Jan-14
Rawa GedeRainfall Station
Cura
hH
ujan
(mm
)
48
135
020406080
100120140160
28-Jan-14 29-Jan-14
CilemberRainfall Station
Cura
hH
ujan
(mm
)
44
169
0
50
100
150
200
28-Jan-14 29-Jan-14
GadogRainfall Station
Cur
ahH
ujan
(mm
)
29
107
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
28-Jan-14 29-Jan-14
Katulampa Rainfall Station
Cura
hH
ujan
(mm
)
23
14
0
5
10
15
20
25
28-Jan-14 29-Jan-14
Depok Rainfall StationCu
rah
Huj
an(m
m)
138
1.80
20406080
100120140160
28-Jan-14 29-Jan-14
CawangRainfalllStation
Cura
hH
ujan
(mm
)
116
00
20406080
100120140
28-Jan-14 29-Jan-14
ManggaraiRainfall Station
Cura
hH
ujan
(mm
)
Ciliwung Daily Rainfall Information in the Event of Flooding, Jan. 2014
B.2.2 Rainfall
No Kriteria 2014 2013 2007
1. Inundation Area 115,10 Km² 117,29 Km² 231,80 Km²
2. Percentage to Jakarta Area
7% 8% 45%
3. Flood Evacuees 88.379 jiwa 96.520 jiwa 320.000 jiwa
4. Fatalities 26 jiwa 38 jiwa 80 jiwa
5. Losses Rp. 5 Trilliyun±$420.000.000
*BNPB
Rp. 7,5 Trilliyun±$631.000.000
*BNPB
Rp ±5,2 Trilliyun ±$437.000.000
*BAPPENAS
Flood Inundation in 2007
Flood Inundation in 2014
B.3.1 FloodsFlood Inundation in 2013
PICTURES FROM JAKARTA FLOODING IN 2014
Kedoya Flooding, 2014 (source www.merdeka.com)
Bukit Duri Flooding, 2014 (source www.merdeka.com)Kampung Pulo Flooding, 2014 (source Liputan6)
B.3.2 Floods
Beberapa gambar dari kejadian banjir Jakarta pada Januari 2014
Due to the Flooding, community activities disrupted
B.3.3 Floods
FLOOD MANAGEMENT
CONCEPT & IMPLEMENTATION
1. Total Solution for Ciliwung2. National Capital Integrated
Coastal Development (NCICD)
3. Jakarta Drainage System
1. Spatial Controlling2. Increasing Public Awareness3. Early Warning System4. Flood Prone Area Mapping5. Water Council and National
Movement for Water Safeguard Partnership
6. Weather Modification
NON-STRUCTURAL MITIGATION
STRUCTURAL MITIGATION
C Jakarta Flood Management Concept & Implementation
TOTAL SOLUTION FOR CILIWUNG
C.1.1 Structural Mitigation – Total Solution for Ciliwung
JEMB. TB. SIMATUPANG
PA. MANGGARAI
JL. PAHLAWAN KALIBATA
C.1.1.a Total Solution for Ciliwung - Ciliwung Restoration and Rehabilitation
CILIWUNG RESTORATION AND REHABILITATIONLocation : TB Simatupang - ManggaraiLenght : 19 KmCross-section : existing 10 to 20 meter, after Rehab 50 meterDischarge : Existing 200 m³/det, after Rehab 520 m³/det
14,0050,0065,00
7,50 7,50
+10,901
EL. DS +4,401
MAB Q50 TH+9,980
Eretan Condet
JEMB. CASABLANCA
WESTFLOODCANAL
WESTFLOODCANAL
NorthNorth
MANGGARAI SLUICEGATEMANGGARAI SLUICEGATE
KARET SLUICEGATEKARET SLUICEGATE
C.1.1.b Total Solution for Ciliwung1 (one) Sluice Addition at Manggarai and Karet Sluicegate each
Capacity Enhancement from 330 m³/det to 500 m³/det
Capacity Enhancement from500 m³/det to 750 m³/det
streamstream
END POINTISTIQLAL MOSQUE
PEJAMBON BRIDGE,GAMBIR KRAMAT BRIDGE,
KWITANG
RADEN SALEH BRIDGE,CIKINI
Starting PointMANGGARAI
MATRAMAN bridge
REVITALIZATION ON ORIGINAL CILIWUNG RIVERLocation : Manggarai Sluicegate – Istiqlal MosqueLenght : 8.5 KMCross-section : 15 m – 20 mDischarge : 70 m³/det
Existing Condition of Original Ciliwung River
C.1.1.c Total Solution for CiliwungRe-Functioning The Original Ciliwung River According to Its Capacity
SHEET PILE SHEET PILE
MAB + 5.6920.00
+ 2.38
+ 6.69
15.00
4.004.00
LAKES ON JAKARTA AND SATELLITE CITYC.1.1.d Total Solution for Ciliwung1) Lakes Revitalization
Total of Lakes 183 (83 Rehab)
Kab. Bogor 83 lakes
(39 Rehab)
Kota Bogor 4 lakes
(1 Rehab)
Kab Bekasi14 lakes
(4 Rehab)
Kab Tanggerang24 lakes
(7 Rehab)
Kota Tanggerang5 lakes
(2 Rehab)
Kota Tanggerang. Selatan 12 lakes
(7 Rehab)
Kota Depok23 lakes
(19 Rehab)
Kota Bekasi2 lakes
(2 Rehab)
Jakarta Utara 1 lakes
Jakarta Barat No lakes
Jakarta Pusat2 lakes
Jakarta Timur8 lakes
(1 Rehab)
Jakarta Selatan 5 lakes
CIKRETEG Channel Reservoir
CIMANDALA Channel Reservoir
In 2014 there are 125 units of Channel Reservoir with total capacity ±62.500 m³
CHANNEL RESERVOIR DEVELOPMENT
INFILTRATION WELLS DEVELOPMENT
C.1.1.d Total Solution for Ciliwung2) Channel Reservoir & Infiltration Wells
10 Unit/year Channel Reservoir develop up to 2021
Started in 2014, there are 115 units of infiltration wells constructed
BORED PILEØ1000, L=10000
PRIMARY PILE Dia. 0.8 m, L=35 m
SECONDARY PILE Dia. 1.0 m, L=35 m
WALL, t = 200mm
ANGKE
KRUKUT
WEST FLOOD CANAL
KALI BARU BARATCILIWUNG
Manggarai Sluicegate
Karet Sluicegate
SUNTERCIPINANG
BUARANJATI KRAMATEAST
FLOOD CANAL
FLOOD WAY/SUNGAI BUATAN
DIVERSION CHANNEL FROM CILIWUNG TO CIPINANG RIVER
C.1.1.eTotal Solution for Ciliwung1) Diversion Tunnel from Ciliwung River to Cipinang River (East Flood Canal)
1.250 m
Jl. Otista 3Jl. O
tista
DPS 1 BKT
Pemakaman Kebon Nanas
CILI
WU
NG
RI
VER
816 m
Outletinlet
2 Concrete Tunnel each Øinner = 3.5 m
C.1.1.eTotal Solution for Ciliwung2) Diversion Tunnel from Ciliwung River to Cipinang River (East Flood Canal)
Periode Ulang (tahun) Normal 2 5 10 20 25 50 100Debit (m3/s) 7 84 106 114 122 127 130 135
Elevasi (+m) 7.646 9.722 10.165 10.325 10.462 10.556 10.620 10.722
1.01 80 9.467 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2 209 10.818 22 21 15 11 8 4 2 0.2
5 314 11.820 43 38 33 31 29 28 27 25
10 375 12.372 52 44 40 38 36 35 34 33
20 409 12.666 58 47 43 41 40 39 38 37
25 439 12.917 60 49 45 44 43 42 41 40
50 481 13.257 63 53 49 47 46 45 45 44
100 526 13.603 66 56 53 51 50 49 49 48
Cipinang
Ciliw
ung
Riverbed after Rehab
+6,9 m+8,22 m
Ciliwung River
Open channel
Q25 +12,92 mQ50 +13,25 m
Q100 +13,60 m
Q5 +12,07 m+13,00 m
+9,00 mRiverbed before Rehab
inlet
0.716%
+4,19 m
+0,14 m
outlet
-0,46 m
+7,8 mMA +10 m
Cipinang River
+7,10 m
Cipinang Riverbed+11.38 m
Cipinang Riverbed After Rehab560 m
+9,13 m +10,55 m
East Flood Canal
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF FLOODWAY SYSTEM
• Existing sea dike and drainage pumps
• High rate of land subsidence• Closed bay before 2022
• Lower rate of land subsidence
• Closed bay after 2022
Master Plan NCICD
NORTH JAKARTA
C.1.2.a Structural Mitigation - National Capital Integrated Coastal Development
C.1.2.b Structural Mitigation - National Capital Integrated Coastal Development
JEDI-Jakarta Emergency Dredging Initiative(JUFMP-Jakarta Urgent Flood Mitigation Project)
P. 6
P. 6
P. 2B
P. 2A
P. 5
P. 5
P. 3
P. 1
P. 1
P. 4
P. 4
P. 4
P. 4
P. 7
P. 7
P. 7
DGWR (4 Location)Cengkareng Floodway (P.2A)Lower Sunter Floodway (P.2B)Upper Sunter Floodway (P.6)West Banjir Canal (P.6)
DGHS (3 Location)Lower Angke Drain (P.5)Cideng Thamrin Drain (P.3)Tanjung Drain (P.5)
PU. DKI (9 Location)Ciliwung Gunung Sahari Drain (P.1)Sentiong Sunter Drain (P.4)Waduk Melati (P.1)Grogol Sekretaris Diversion (P.7)Waduk Sunter Selatan (P.4)
Waduk Sunter Utara (P.4)Waduk Sunter Timur III (P.4)Pakin-K. Besar-Jelakeng Drain (P.7)Krukut Cideng Drain (P.7)
C.1.3.a Structural Mitigation - Jakarta Drainage System
DGWRDGHSDKI PW
Jakarta Drainage System Rehabilitation
C.1.3.b Structural Mitigation - Jakarta Drainage System
C.2.1 Non-Structural Mitigation - Spatial Controlling
• Public Forum/Direct Meeting
• Media Elektronik
interactive dialogue in Public Television Documentary Public Service
Announcements
• Print Media
C.2.2.a Non-Structural Mitigation - Increasing Public Awarness
• Conservation efforts, planting trees around Ciliwung River by the community
• Ciliwung Clean-up Activity by community
C.2.2.b Non-Structural Mitigation - Increasing Public Awarness
Balaraja
TANGERANG
K. Tahang
Cim
ance
uri
Ciledug
Curug
CiputatSerpong
Parung
Cim
atuk
ke Rangkasbitung
ke Serang
K. K
ruku
t
K. M
ampa
ng
Cili
wun
g
K. B
uara
n
K. C
akun
g
K. A
bang
BEKASI
CileungsiDEPOK
Cimanggis
Gunung Putri
Pondok GedeKARAWANG
Cikarang
Jonggol
Cibarusa
Curug
WadukJatiluhur
Katulampa
BOGOREmpang
ke Cianjur
Gn. Pangrango
LAUT JAWA U
0 12 km2 4 6 8 10
K. S
ekre
taris
+ 6.01
+ 16.46
+ 240.97+ 243.33
K. S
epak
Sal.
Mer
uya
K. M
arun
da
K. C
iden
g
JAKARTA
Cen
gkar
eng D
rain
Flood Mitigation Command Post and Flood Monitoring Station
BBWS Ciliwung - Cisadane
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1112
13
1415
16.c
16.b
16.a
C.2.3.a Non-Structural Mitigation - Early Warning System
Pos Siaga BanjirPos Pengamatan Banjir:1. Pos Batu Belah2. Pos PA Pasar Baru
Tangerang3. Pos
Pesanggrahan/Sawangan4. Pos PA Pondok Pinang5. Pos Cengkareng Drain6. Pos Bend Katulampa7. Pos Depok8. Pos PA Manggarai9. Pos Sta Pompa Ancol10. Pos Sta Pompa Rawa Badak11. Pos Cileungsi12. Pos Cikeas13. Pos Villa Nusa Indah14. Pos Bendung Bekasi15. Pos Bendung Gintung16. Pos PA Banjir Kanal Barat :
a. Weir 1b. Weir 2c. Weir 3
Sta. MT Haryono(WL)
Sta. DepokJemb. Panus
(WL)
Sta. Cilember(rainfall) Sta. Katulampa
(Rainfall & WL))Ciliwung River
Tf = 8 hoursL = 40 km
Tf = 3- 4 hoursL = 41 km
Tf = 13 – 14 hours
Scheme of Early Warning System for Ciliwung River
PA Manggarai(WL & Rainfall)
Tf = 2 hoursL = 0.8 km
Tf = Travel Time L = distance 9 km)WL = Water Level
COMMUNICATION SYSTEM ON EARLY WARNING SYSTEM
KP = Flow Rate
L = Distance
WL = Water Level
KP = 3 – 4 Jam
L = 41 Km KP =7- 8 Jam
L = 40 Km
KP = 2 Jam
L = 0,8Km
C.2.3.b Non-Structural Mitigation - Early Warning System
C.2.4 Non-Structural Mitigation - Flood Prone Area Mapping
•Water Council (or TKPSDA) • National Movement for Water Safeguard Partnership (or GN-KPA)
C.2.5 Non-Structural Mitigation - Water Council (TKPSDA) and National Movement for Water Safeguard Partnership (GN-KPA)
C.2.6 Non-Structural Mitigation - Weather Modification
373737
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