Daily Objective: Today we will understand who Gregor Mendel was and what his contributions to science were January 27, 2015 Materials: • Pen/pencil • Notebook • Packet • Cells Heredity book Agenda • AGENDA • Daily question • Gregor Mendel notes • Reading activity • Brain pop DQ: What traits did you obtain from your parents, list 2?
Transcript
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January 27, 2015 Materials: Pen/pencil Notebook Packet Cells
Heredity bookAgenda AGENDA AGENDA Daily question Daily question
Gregor Mendel notes Gregor Mendel notes Reading activity Reading
activity Brain pop Brain pop DQ: What traits did you obtain from
your parents, list 2?
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Chapter 4 Vocabulary
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GREGOR MENDEL The Father of Genetics
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Austrian monk from the 1800s. Studied over 30,000 specimens of
pea plants during an 8 year period. He studied 7 characteristics of
pea plants: 1. Plant height (dwarf vs. tall) 2. Flower & pod
position (on side or top of stem) 3. Seed shape (round or wrinkled)
4. Seed color (green or yellow) 5. Pod shape (inflated or
constricted) 6. Pod color (green or yellow) 7. Flower color (white
or purple)
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True-breeder: Will always produce offspring w/ a particular
trait when allowed to breed naturally. Pure bred. Non-true-breeder:
Will produce offspring that are not necessarily identical to
itself.
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Mendels 1 st experiment crossed a true-breeding plant of
regular height w/ a true-breeding plant of short height. All of the
plants were of regular height. 1 st Generation. The short trait
seemed to have disappeared.
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Next, Mendel let the 1 st generation self-pollinate w/ each
other 2 nd Generation. 75% of the plants were regular height, 25%
were short. He repeated this experiment for multiple traits flower
color, pod color, etc. He found that similar results were obtained
in each experiment.
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He realized that 1.Organisms must have 2 factors for each
possible trait, one from each parent. 2.Some traits can be masked
by others. Heredity Video
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HEREDITY AND GENETICS NOTES
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Inherited Traits Examples: Dimples, Freckles, Eye Color, Hair
Color, Height, Body Type PARENTS AND OFFSPRING ARE SIMILAR
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Individuals inherit genes from PARENTS Genes are located on
CHROMOSOMES Each parent contributes ONE gene for each trait Genes
code for TRAITS Humans have 46 chromosomes, 23 from each parent
Different forms of the same gene are ALLELES EX: Alleles for the
eye color gene: blue, green, brown, hazel, etc. GENES ARE ON
CHROMOSOME PAIRS
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He studied How traits were inherited in pea plants! Mendels
Conclusions Traits inherited in patterns Some traits were stronger
than others GREGOR MENDELS DISCOVERIES ABOUT HEREDITY
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An allele is a different form of a gene Phenotype Physical or
observable traits Ex: blue eyes, black hair, etc Phenotype is
determined by GENOTYPE Genotype Gene pairs, or gene combo
Represented by 2 letters (one for each allele) EX: Bb, TT, rr 2
alleles make a GENOTYPE Dominant Stronger trait, hides recessive
trait Represented by A CAPITAL LETTER EX: B, T, R Recessive Weaker
trait, sometimes hidden Represented by a lower case letter EX: b,
t, r ALLELES INTERACT TO PRODUCE TRAITS