Japanese Expansion

• Reasons– Raw materials

and markets – Land for growing

population– Less

dependence on foreign materials and goods

The Manchurian Crisis, 1931

The Manchurian Crisis, 1931•Japan attacked Manchuria

•Renamed it Manchukuo•China protested in LON

•Japan ordered to return Manchuria

•Japan withdrew from LON

•Japan attacked Manchuria•Renamed it Manchukuo•China protested in LON

•Japan ordered to return Manchuria

•Japan withdrew from LON

The Japanese Invasionof China, 1937

The Japanese Invasionof China, 1937

Nanking (capital)and other north and eastern cities

Nanking (capital)and other north and eastern cities

Italy Attacks Ethiopia, 1935

Italy Attacks Ethiopia, 1935

EthiopianEmperor

Haile Selassie

Why: Revenge for loss in 1800s. Creation of “Roman Empire” Emperor Salassie appealed to the LON LON applied ineffective economic sanctions1936 Italy annexed Ethiopia

Why: Revenge for loss in 1800s. Creation of “Roman Empire” Emperor Salassie appealed to the LON LON applied ineffective economic sanctions1936 Italy annexed Ethiopia

Rome-Berlin Axis, 1936Rome-Berlin Axis, 1936

The “Pact of Steel”- Both Fascist

yFascists - Falange Party.

y Republicans

y Marxists.

ySocialists.

TheNational

Front[Nationalists]

TheNational

Front[Nationalists]

ThePopularFront

[Republicans]

ThePopularFront

[Republicans]

The Spanish Civil War:1936 - 1939

The Spanish Civil War:1936 - 1939

Italy, Germany, and Russia take sidesCan you guess whose side?Italy, Germany, and Russia take sidesCan you guess whose side?

The Spanish Civil War: 1936 - 1939

The Spanish Civil War: 1936 - 1939

Francisco Franco – fascist leader

Fascist win

The Spanish Civil War:A Dress Rehearsal for WW II

The Spanish Civil War:A Dress Rehearsal for WW II

Italian troops in Madrid

•Italy and Germanytested new weaponstechnology

•Italy and GermanyFought against Russia in WWII

•Italy and Germanytested new weaponstechnology

•Italy and GermanyFought against Russia in WWII

Germany Invades Rhineland

March 7, 1936

Germany Invades Rhineland

March 7, 1936•Buffer area between France and Germany established by TOV•Hitler violated TOV•France and Great Britain do nothing

•Buffer area between France and Germany established by TOV•Hitler violated TOV•France and Great Britain do nothing

The Austrian Anschluss, 1938The Austrian Anschluss, 1938

AustriaAustria

•Hitler marches into Austria and makes it part of Germany•France and Great Britain do nothing

•Hitler marches into Austria and makes it part of Germany•France and Great Britain do nothing

The “Problem” of theSudetenland

The “Problem” of theSudetenland

•3 Million Germans lived in northwest Czechoslovakia•Sept 1938, Hitler demands Sudetenland’s right to self determination

•3 Million Germans lived in northwest Czechoslovakia•Sept 1938, Hitler demands Sudetenland’s right to self determination

Appeasement: The Munich Agreement, 1938

Appeasement: The Munich Agreement, 1938

Now we have “peace in our time!” Herr Hitler is a man we can do

business with.

British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain

Appeasement

• Munich Pact/Agreement• France and Great Britain

give into Hitler’s demand for the Sudetenland

• Hitler agrees to leave the rest of Czech alone

• Czechs not invited!

Czechoslovakia Becomes Part of the Third Reich: 1939

Czechoslovakia Becomes Part of the Third Reich: 1939

The Nazi-SovietNon-Aggression Pact, 1939

The Nazi-SovietNon-Aggression Pact, 1939

Public Part:•Germany and U.S.S.R.agree not to attack eachother.Secret Part•Germany and U.S.S.Ragree to split Poland

What advantage did this give Germany?

Public Part:•Germany and U.S.S.R.agree not to attack eachother.Secret Part•Germany and U.S.S.Ragree to split Poland

What advantage did this give Germany?