JASPERS’ support for improving integrated waste management

PROSPECTS OF IMPLEMENTING INTEGRATED WASTE MANAGEMENT IN ROMANIA IN 2014 –

2020

Mamaia, 26 June 2014

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In 2007, JASPERS worked in 12 countries; today, JASPERS works in 17 countries

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Challenges in new Member States

Landfill disposal is by far the most common way

In many cases, landfills are not compliant

No tradition or means (e.g. no separate collection) for recovery and recycling

Waste Hierarchy

Landfill Directive (minimization of environmental hazards)

Targets in Packaging Waste Directive (recovery & recycling)

Poor application of Polluter Pays Principle and, in any case, significant affordability constraints

Significant investment needs to bring the systems up to the standards

…in direct conflict with: Observed issue…

Waste Hierarchy

Fragmentation of sector and weak institutional setting

Efficient use of (scarce) available resources

Targets in Landfill Directive (diversion of biowaste)

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Typical components of integrated waste management project

Separate collection of recyclables

Improved collection of

residual waste

Separate collection of

biowaste

SORTING FACILITY

MARKET

COMPOSTING / ANAEROBIC DIGESTION FACILITY

MECHANICAL-BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT

Glass

Plastic

Paper

Metal

High Quality Compost

Biogas

Low Quality Compost

Residues

Refuse-derived Fuel (RDF)

LANDFILL

ENERGYWASTE INCINERATOR

or

or

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Main drivers of integrated waste management project

Two main targets: Increase to a minimum of 50% by 2020, the preparing for

re-use and the recycling of waste materials such as at least paper, metal, plastic and glass from households and possibly from other origins as far as these waste streams are similar to waste from households (Article 11(2) of Directive 2008/98/EC); and

Reduce the amount of biodegradable municipal waste that is disposed of in landfills to 35% of 1995 levels by 2016 (Landfill Directive 1999/31/EC).

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Typical cost breakdown of integrated waste management project

Cost of €40-50 million broken down as follows: €8-10 million for waste collection and sorting (bins,

platforms, transfer stations, sorting stations, home composters)

€24-30 million for treatment and disposal (mechanical-biological treatment, composting, landfills)

€8-10 million for closure of non-compliant landfills

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Scope of JASPERS’ involvement

Two main tasks: Support the beneficiary in supervising consultants in

charge of preparing the project

Review project application and supporting documents before they are sent to the EC for approval

Goals: Ensure that option analysis selects option with highest

Economic Net Present Value

Design payment mechanism strong enough to ensure sustainability of waste management system

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Key considerations

Construction of waste management infrastructure: A key step, but only the first step

Population needs to become a strong and reliable stakeholder:

Carry out continuously intensive awareness campaigns

Main challenge to reach the targets in the EU Directives: Operate the infrastructure properly

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Successful recycling in Constanta, Romania

M&M receives plastic waste collected separately from households and businesses

Sorting capacity: 200 t/d

Production of plastic materials (LLDPE, LDPE, HDPE, PP, BOPP granules)

Exports plastic films and plastic bags to Germany

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Objectives of 2014-2020 Cohesion Policy

Regulation 1303/2013 (repealing Regulation 1083/2006):

Strengthen the EU’s economic, social and territorial cohesion

Align with ‘Europe 2020’ and its focus on smart, sustainable and inclusive growth

Increase thematic focus & performance orientation (ex-ante conditionality; performance reserve…)

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New tool: ex-ante conditionality

Definition: "Applicable ex ante conditionality“: concrete and precisely

pre-defined critical factor, which is a necessary prerequisite for and has a direct and genuine link to and direct impact on the effective and efficient achievement of the specific objective for an investment priority or a Union priority." (Art 2 CPR –1303/2013)

Goals:

Improve the effectiveness of investment

Ensure that the necessary framework conditions for effective use of Union support are in place

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Ex-ante conditionality for waste sector

Promoting economically and environmentally sustainable investments in the waste sector particularly by the development of waste management plans consistent with Directive 2008/98/EC on waste, and with the waste hierarchy

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Four criteria for fulfilling ex-ante conditionality in waste sector

A report has been submitted to the Commission on progress towards targets of Article 11 of Directive 2008/98/EC and intended actions to meet the targets.

The existence of one or more waste management plans as required by Article 28 of Directive 2008/98/EC.

A Member State has established, consistent with Articles 1 and 4 of Directive 2008/98/EC, waste prevention programmes, as required by Article 29 of the Directive.

Necessary measures to achieve the target on re-use and recycling by 2020 consistent with Article 11.2 of Directive 2008/98/EC have been adopted.

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Timetable for 2014-2020 programming

Adoption of partnership agreements:

by the end of August 2014 at the latest

Adoption of operational programmes:

by the end of January 2015 at the latest

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Key changes since 2007-2013

Definition of major project (Art. 100):

Eligible costs > €50 million (€75 million for transport)

List of major projects to be included in Operational programme

Payment eligibility: 01.01.2014 - 31.12.2023

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Key changes since 2007-2013 (Continued)

Possibility to use flat rate percentage (20% for waste) to determine potential net revenue (Art. 61)

Independent quality reviewers (IQR) (Art. 100-102)

Spend at least 20% of operational programme funds on climate-focused activities

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Adapt solid waste management to climate change

Reinforce infrastructure against landslides and flooding

Identify disposal or treatment sites outside of floodplains

Adjust practices to take into account higher temperatures:

Reduced need for heat;

Increased odour problems;

Increased peak loads of leachate;

Increased opportunity to use solid waste compost to remediate depletion of organic matter in soil.

Compliant waste management practices strongly contribute to climate change mitigation –up to 72% of benefits from waste projects co-financed by EU funds in Romania