Tyler Vander Ploeg, RCDD JDSU

Testing 40/100G-Capable Fiber-Optic Systems

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Understanding Parallel Optics & MPO Past / Present / Future Common Issues when testing MPO

Best practices for Testing MPO MPO Test scenarios (10G & beyond) Summary

Agenda

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MPO/Ribbon Fiber Past/Present/Future.

Distribution Switching/Routing

Access Switching

1/10 Gbps Electrical/Optical Ethernet

1/10/40Gbps Optical Ethernet

1/10/40/100Gbps Optical Ethernet

Servers Storage

SAN Switches

Fiberchannel

SAN

12 fiber MPO Link w/Cassettes at either end Fiber consolidation and migration path SFP/SPF+ at each end

6 1/10Gbps Ethernet Links

8 fiber MPO Link w/Cassette Fiber consolidation and migration path QSFP at switch SPF+ at server

4 10Gbps Ethernet Links

40/100Gbps Ethernet Link

12 fiber MPO Link (8 fibers used) QSFP/CFP at both ends

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Polarity Issues Three types of MPO cords in the market, causing a lot of

confusion Need for a graphical tool to provide wiremap like features

Interoperability between 10G->40G links Most installations use break-out cables/cassettes to get 10G links Test Instrument should be able to support LC on one end and

MPO on other Insertion Loss

Maximum permissible loss of 1.9 dB (40GBASE-SR4 Channel) Maximum permissible loss of 1.5 dB (100GBASE-SR4 Channel) Connector loss is critical

Specific Testing Issues for 40/100G (Ribbon/MPO) Fiber

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Polarity and Gender

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MPO Patch Cord Configurations

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Single Fiber vs. Multi-Fiber Connectors

SINGLE FIBER CONNECTOR MULTI-FIBER CONNECTOR

White ceramic ferrule One fiber per connector Common types include SC,

LC, FC, and ST

Polymer ferrule Multiple fibers in linear array

(for example, 8, 12, 24, 48, and 72) in single connector providing high-density connectivity

Common type is MPO or MTP

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Anatomy of a 12-fiber Multi-Mode MPO Connector

The MPO fiber connector has 4 major areas: Fiber Ferrule Alignment pins/sockets Polarity key

Polymer Ferrule

12 Fiber MultiMode Connector (Female)

Alignment pins/sockets

Fibers

Key

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Focused on the Connection

Adapter

MPO Female

MPO Male

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Focused on the Connection

Physical Contact The Physical Contact area is the critical joining point in the fiber network. If there is no clean physical connection, the light path is disrupted and the connection is compromised.

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Top-view Cross Section 12 Fiber MPO - Clean

Physical Contact

Example of Clean Connection (no contamination)

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

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Top-view Cross Section (112 Fibers)

Particle Dirt

Example of Dirty Connection (contamination causing air gaps, back reflection, insertion loss)

Air Gap 1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

Dirt

Back Reflection

Insertion Loss

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Inspect Before You Connectsm

Follow this simple INSPECT BEFORE YOU CONNECT process to ensure fiber end faces are clean prior to mating connectors.

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IEC 61300-3-35 Sets Requirements for Connector Quality

Multimode MPO Connectors

CLADDING Zone

CORE Zone

Even for MPO!

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Inspect and Clean Both Connectors in Pair!

Inspecting BOTH sides of the connection is the ONLY WAY to ensure that it will be free of contamination and defects.

Patch cords are easy to access and view compared to the fiber inside the bulkhead, which is frequently overlooked. The bulkhead side may only be half of the connection, but it is far more likely to be dirty and problematic.

Patch Cord (Male) Inspection Bulkhead (Female) Inspection

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Inspect ALL fibers in a Multi-Fiber Connector!

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Polarity Checks Type A cord Type B adapter Type B cord = ???!!!

Test from MPO to simplex (SC/LC) Insertion Loss Measurement

Need to be able to perform reference Loss per fiber w/Pass/Fail

Power measurements on live systems

What Other Tests Need to be Performed?

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Check Polarity for Fiber Map

For existing installations, the end-to-end polarity is often not known

Fiber Map shows the polarity of the system or trunk

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Test Scenario 1: MPO to MPO

Easiest way to test Test permanent link trunks Test 40/100G Channels Ensure polarity and loss

C40G Local with

MPO RX

C40G Remote

with MPO TX

MPO Trunk MPO Bulkhead MPO Bulkhead

MPO Test Reference Cords

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Test Scenario 2: MPO to Single Fiber

One end MPO source Other end simplex power meter Testing from MPO to Fanouts or Cassettes End-to-end trunks for 10G to QSFP Fiber Map from MPO to LC/SC

C40G Local with

MMF RX

C40G Remote

with MPO TX

MPO Trunk MPO Bulkhead MPO Cassette

MPO Test Reference Cord

MMF Test Reference Cord

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Test Scenario 3: Any Source to MPO

One end MPO power meter Other end any source Fault Isolation Testing output power from 40/100G optics

C40G Local with

MPO RX

Any Source

MPO Trunk Bulkhead MPO Bulkhead

MPO Test Reference Cord

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Test Scenario 4: Selected Channels

Can apply to any of the above scenarios Allows selection of which of the 12 channels are active

At the Remote (TX) and at the Local (RX) Helps in cases when 8 or fewer fibers are present in MPO

links (40GBASE-SR4) Results reflect topology No unwanted fails due to nonexistent channels

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Things to Remember for Loss Measurements

Reference first! Connector gender may require three cord reference test

method Three cord reference test method is recommended for channel

testing (plugs at both ends) Check the reference!

Set limit Network or Custom (dB)

Auto-Test Makes it Easy!

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Auto-Test Results Loss and Fiber Map

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Specific Testing Issues for 40/100G over MPO Polarity Interoperability Loss Budgets

Inspect Before You Connect Critical for MPO! Industry standards require Inspection

Todays MPO test tools must be able to: Support the latest Standards & Best Practices Test 1G / 10G / 40G / 100G applications

Summary

Thank-You!

Testing 40/100G-Capable Fiber-Optic SystemsAgendaMPO/Ribbon Fiber Past/Present/Future.Specific Testing Issues for 40/100G (Ribbon/MPO) Fiber Polarity and GenderMPO Patch Cord Configurations Single Fiber vs. Multi-Fiber ConnectorsAnatomy of a 12-fiber Multi-Mode MPO ConnectorFocused on the ConnectionFocused on the ConnectionTop-view Cross Section 12 Fiber MPO - CleanTop-view Cross Section (112 Fibers)Inspect Before You ConnectsmIEC 61300-3-35 Sets Requirements for Connector QualityInspect and Clean Both Connectors in Pair!Inspect ALL fibers in a Multi-Fiber Connector!What Other Tests Need to be Performed?Check Polarity for Fiber MapTest Scenario 1: MPO to MPOTest Scenario 2: MPO to Single FiberTest Scenario 3: Any Source to MPO Test Scenario 4: Selected ChannelsThings to Remember for Loss MeasurementsAuto-Test Results Loss and Fiber MapSummaryThank-You!