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of 93
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ZDOEL^TF ZDOH@H@KLO XD^FLHLZ ZDOHLZLXLO ZDELUL@ ODED^@
Q@Z@C (ZOQ) H@ KLOXB^ KDALILXLO CLNTFLO NLHLQ
Dhhy ^usilotb
LOLC@Q@Q DMDKX@M@XLQ HLO DM@Q@DOQ@ ZDITOETXLO ^DX^@NTQ@
XD^I@OLC H@ KLNTZLXDO QTINLUL NL^LX XLFTO >::4->:
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H`tdrn`tklo bcdf7
ZTQLX ^@QDX DKBOBI@ HLO ZDINLOETOLO
MLKTCXLQ DKBOBI@ TO@]D^Q@XLQ QLILUL
XLFTO >:
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H`tdrn`tklo bcdf7
ZTQLX ^@QDX DKBOBI@ HLO
ZDINLOETOLO
Mlkuctls Dkbobi`
To`vdrs`tls Qlilwl (TOQL)
Lclilt ^dhlks`7Klipus Mlkuctls Dkbobi`
To`vdrs`tls Qlilwl
Gc. ^lyl Ny Zlss Qdr`oe Totdr
@wds
Quinlwl Ndslr OXNXdcp./Mlks. (:154686
Zdc`ohuoe & Zdolsdflt
Zrbm. Hr. Qyl`muhh`o @sklohlr, I.Zh.
Zdoelrlf
Qylmruhh`o
Zdi`ip`o ^dhlks`
Qupr`lotb
^dhlktur Zdclkslol
Ulfyu Flrylh`
@kl M`tr`ylo`
^dhlktur Lfc`
@ Oybilo Qutlil
Dccy Klridc`
O`o`oe Quh`ylrt`
Qunflo Zurwlh`oltl
L. ^lfiloKlilruhh`o
]`v`o M`trylo`
Plylt M`tr`lo`
@sflk ̂ lfilo
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HLMXL^ @Q@
ZDOEL^TF ZDOH@H@KLO XD^FLHLZ ZDOHLZLXLO ZDELUL@
ODED^@ Q@Z@C (ZOQ) H@ KLOXB^ KDALILXLO CLNTFLO
NLHLQ .......................................................................................................... <
Dhhy ̂ usilotb
LOLC@Q@Q DMDKX@M@XLQ HLO DM@Q@DOQ@ ZDITOETXLO ^DX^@NTQ@
XD^I@OLC H@ KLNTZLXDO QTINLUL NL^LX
XLFTO >::4->::::::
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:8 brloe. slipdc h`lin`c hlr` pbpucls` flrus ndtuc-
ndtuc rdprdsdotlt`vd (idwlk`c`). G`kl guiclf sungdkoyl ndslr hlplt h`lin`c lotlrl 4-
vlr`lndc yloe h`klg` hlcli
pdodc`t`lo `o`, yl`tu7 () pdohlpltlo ZOQ
(vlr`lncd `ohdpdohdot). Idtbhd pdoeuipuclo hltl lhlclf ()
bnsdrvls`/pdoeliltlo, (1) Hbkuidotls`. Hltl yloe h`kuipucklo h`lolc`s`s hdolelo
tdkfo`k ^dedrds` C`o`dr sdhdrflol hlo QZQQ. Fls`c pdodc`t`lo idouogukklo nlfwl
t`oeklt pdoh`h`klo ndrpdoelruf s`eo`m`klo tdrflhlp pdohlpltlo ZOQ h` Klotbr
Kdaliltlo Clnuflo Nlhls. Flc `o` h`tuogukklo o`cl` t-stlt`st`k sdndslr 6 plh l μ9 4% (:.:47 06) hdoelo idclkuklo pdoeug`lo sltu s`s`ndrlrt` o`cl` t stlt`st`k ? t tlncd ltlu Fμ h`tdr`il hlo Fb h`tbclk. Ndslroyl kbotr`nus`
oyltl yloe h`ndr`klo bcdf t`oeklt pdoh`h`klo lhlclf sdndslr 86,>% sdhloeklo s`sloyl
4>,6% h`gdclsklo bcdf vlr`lndc cl`o yloe t`hlk h`sdrtlklo hlcli dst`ils` yl`tu, gdo`s
kdcli`o, uiur hlo ilsl kdrgl.
Kltl Kuoa`7 Zdoh`h`klo, Zdohlpltlo
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:
Zuslt ̂ `sdt Dkbobi` hlo Zdinloeuolo MD. TOQL
@. ZDOHLFTCTLO
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:.>. Clohlslo Xdbr`
>.>.
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:.>.>. Zdohlpltlo
Zdohlpltlo sdalrl uiui lhlclf guiclf yloe h`tdr`il bcdf ebcboelo
ilsylrlklt sdnlel` nlcls glsl ndrfunuoelo hdoelo nlrloe-nlrloe hlo glsl-glsl
(Qui`trb Hgbgbflh`kusuib,
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:.>.1. Zdelwl` Odedr` Q`p`c (ZOQ)
Zdelwl` odedr` s`p`c (ZOQ) lhlclf sdt`lp Ulrel Odelrl ^dpunc`k @ohbods`l
yloe tdclf ididouf` sylrlt yloe h`tdotuklo, h`loeklt bcdf pdglnlt yloe ndrwdoloe
hlo h`sdrlf` tuels hlcli sultu glnltlo odedr` ltlu, h`sdrlf` tuels Odelrl cl`ooyl hloh`elg` ndrhlslrklo pdrlturlo pdruohloelo yloe ndrclku. HZ1 ltlu Hlmtlr Zdo`cl`lo
Zdclkslollo Zdkdrgllo ZOQ tdrsdnut, tdrtuloe hlcli ZZ Obibr idodiuklo hlo idoe`hdot`m`kls` lhloyl Zbcl Z`k`r
Odelt`m (Zbcl Z`k`r Xdtlp) ZOQ yloe tdradri`o hlcli ndotuk >8 flinltlo ltlu
pdrilslclflo pdr`clku nuhlyl kdrgl plrltur pdidr`otlflo, yl`tu pbcl p`k`r Odelt`m
(Xdtlp) sdbrloe ZOQ yl`tu7 Kbi`tido hlo kbos`stdos` tdrflhlp v`s` hlo i`s`
brelo`sls` ils`f rdohlf, Qdr`oe tdrglh` pdoy`iploelo hlo kdslclflo hlcli kdn`glklo
punc`k yloe ndrhliplk culs kdplhl ilsylrlklt, Zdclkslollo kdn`glklo gluf ndrndhl
hlr` yloe h`flrlpklo, Xdrglh` lrbelos` pdglnlt hlo pdoylclfeuollo kdkulsllo,
Zdclkslollo wdwdoloe hlo tloeuoe glwln lplrltur sllt `o` ndcui sd`inloe, Hlcli
prlktdk h` clploelo suc`t h`ndhlklo lotlrl `kfcls hlo t`hlk `kfcls, gugur hlo t`hlk
gugur,pdglnlt yloe KKO lklo idoydnlnklo KKO idculs plhl pdelwl`, huo`l uslfl
hlo ilsylrlklt, Elg` pdelwl` yloe rdohlf/kda`c h`nloh`oeklo hdoelo flrel
nlrloe/glsl cl`ooyl, Nloylk lplrltur yloe `otder`tls, cbylc`tls hlo prbmds`bolcoyl
rdohlf, Ndcui lhloyl s`stdi idr`t yloe gdcls uotuk idoeukur k`odrgl pdelwl` hlo
t`ohlk clogut fls`c pdo`cl`looyl., Krdlt`v`tls klrylwlo kurloe idohlplt pdrflt`lo
ltlslo, Kdpdkllo tdrflhlp kdcuflo ilsylrlklt h`o`cl` ils`f rdohlf, Lhl
kdadohdruoelo plrl pdi`ip`o t`hlk ilu idoelku` kdslclflo h` hdplo nlwlflo, Q`mlt
`oh`v`hulc`sid cdn`f idobogbc h`nloh`oeklo kdndrslillo, Nuhlyl KKO yloeidog`wl` sdnle`lo lplrlt, X`oeklt kdsdglftdrllo yloe kurloe idilhl`, Nloylk
lplrltur ndcui idilfli` ilkol kdlh`clo hlo kdtdrnukllo.
@@@. IDXBHBCBE@ ZDODC@X@LO
1.
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:7 . Zbpucls` / Qlipdc
Zbpucls` lhlclf kdsdcuruflo hlr` sungdk pdodc`t`lo, sdiul dcdido yloe lhl h`
hlcli w`clylf pdodc`t`lo (Lr`kuotb,
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:5:0541.111
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:5:0541.111+8.4>6V
Kbostlotl sdndslr >5:0541.111 idindr`klo lrt` nlfwl g`kl t`hlk lhl Zdoh`h`klo ilkl
pdohlpltlo ZOQ sdndslr >5:0541.111 Kbdm`s`do vlr`lndc pdogdcls pdoh`h`klo sdndslr
>
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >::::4->:::
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:::8 sdclogutoyl h`s`oeklt hdoelo sdnutlo
TT Ob. 1>/>::8. Zdrunlflo kdn`glklo pdoelturlo pdidr`otlflo hldrlf tdrsdnut
h`sdclrlsklo hdoelo lhloyl pdrunlflo kdn`glklo tdrflhlp plglk hlo rdtr`nus` hldrlf
sdnlel` clohlslo hlcli idoeelc` pbtdos` pdohlpltlo hldrlf kfususoyl Zdohlpltlo
Lsc` Hldrlf, ylko` Tohloe-Tohloe Obibr
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >::::::
sdndslr :,:50 hlo tlfuo loeelrlo >::< idoglh` :,:==. Hlr` fls`c lolc`sl rls`b lpln`cl
pdiuoeutlo plglk hlo rdtr`nus` hldrlf dmdkt`m hlo dm`s`do hlplt ido`oekltklo
Zdohlpltlo Lsc` Hldrlf hlo lpln`cl t`hlk dmdkt`m hlo dm`s`do lklo idouruoklo
Zdohlpltlo Lsc` Hldrlf.
Qdclogutoyl pdodc`t`lo Ourfl`hlf (>::=),–Lolc`s`s Dmdkt`v`tls Hlo Dm`s`dos`
Zdiuoeutlo Zlglk Hldrlf Hlo ^dtr`nus` Hldrlf H` Klnupltdo N`il’. Zdodc`t`lo `o`
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:::4 suhlf dm`s`do
tdtlp` ils`f ndcui dmdkt`m. Flc `o` hlplt h`c`flt hlr` rls`b dmdkt`v`tls plglk hldrlf hlo
rdtr`nus` hldrlf yloe h`pdrbcdf plhl tlfuo loeelrlo >::1 sdndslr 05,>::8, rls`b dmdkt`v`tls plglk hldrlf hlo
rdtr`nus` hldrlf sdndslr 5>,1::4, rls`b dmdkt`v`tls plglk hldrlf hlo rdtr`nus` hldrlf sdndslr 61,5>%
hdoelo rls`b dm`s`dos` sdndslr %. Qdalrl kdsdcuruflo rltl-rltl rls`b dmdkt`v`tls
plglk hldrlf hlo rdtr`nus` hldrlf pdr tlfuo sdndslr 68,8::5), –Lolc`s`s Kbotr`nus` ^dtr`nus` Xdri`olc
Zdouiploe Xdrflhlp Zdohlpltlo Lsc` Hldrlf Klnupltdo Cuilgloe Xlfuo >::: ‑
>::8–. Xugulo pdodc`t`lo `o` lhlclf uotuk idoeukur sdndrlpl ndslr kbostr`nus` tdri`olc
pdouiploe tdrflhlp Zdohlpltlo Lsc` Hldrlf Klnupltdo Cuilgloe Xlfuo >::: ‑
>::8. Lhlpuo vlr`lndc yloe h`euolklo hlcli pdodc`t`lo `o` lhlclf Zdodr`illo
^dtr`nus` tdri`olc, ZLH, ZH^N, Guiclf pdoeeuol glsl, culs clflo hlo tlr`m rdtr`nus`.
Idtbhd yloe h`euolklo hlcli pdodc`t`lo lhlclf lolc`s`s kbotr`nus` rdtr`nus` tdri`olc,
uplyl pdiuoeutlo rdtr`nus` tdri`olc, dmdkt`v`tls rdtr`nus` tdri`olc hlo dm`s`dos` rdtr`nus`
tdri`olc pdouiploe Klnupltdo Cuilgloe. Fls`c lolc`s`s idouogukklo kbotr`nus`
rdtr`nus` tdri`olc pdouiploe tdrflhlp Zdohlpltlo Lsc` Hldrlf (ZLH) Klnupltdo
Cuilgloe tlfuo >::: slipl` hdoelo >::8 ils`f ndcui ilks`ilc. Kbotr`nus` rdtr`nus`
tdri`olc pdouiploe plhl kuruo wlktu c`il tlfuo tdrsdnut tdrus idoelcli` pdouruolo.
Zlhl tlfuo >::: loekl kbotr`nus` sdndslr >,14% hlo tdrus idouruo plhl tlfuo >::8
sdndslr :,=6%. ^ltl-rltl kbotr`nus` rdtr`nus` tdri`olc pdouiploe tdrflhlp pdohlpltlo
lsc` hldrlf lhlclf sdndslr ::::: idoglh` :,:>85 plhl tlfuo >::::>. Dmdkt`v`tls tdrdohlf tdrglh` plhl
tlfuo >::8 sdndslr 51,55%, hlo dmdkt`v`tls tdrt`oee` tdrglh` plhl tlfuo >::: sdndslr
::8 ndrvlr`ls` lotlrl 6,4>5% f`oeel
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:. Clohlslo Xdbr`
>.>.::57 0>) dmdkt`m`tls idruplklo funuoelo lotlrl butput
hdoelo tugulo, sdilk`o ndslr kbotr`nus` (suinloelo) butput tdrflhlp pdoalpl`lo
tugulo, ilkl sdilk`o dmdkt`m brelo`sls`, prberli ltlu kde`ltlo. Dmdkt`m`tls
idoeelinlrklo kdilipulo pdidr`otlf hldrlf hlcli idrdlc`sls`klo yloe
h`rdoalolklo h`nloh`oeklo hdoelo tlredt yloe h`tdtlpklo ndrhlslrklo pbtdos` r`cc
hldrlf (Flc`i >::57>18). Kdilipulo hldrlf hlcli idoglcloklo tuels h`kltdebr`klo
dmdkt`m lpln`cl rls`b yloe h`alpl` i`o`ilc sdndslr < (sltu) ltlu
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:.1. ^dtr`nus` Hldrlf^dtr`nus` lhlclf pdinlylrlo ltls glsl ltlu pdindr`lo `z`o tdrtdotu yloe kfusus
h`ndr`klo ltlu h`sdh`lklo bcdf pdidr`otlf hldrlf uotuk kdpdot`oelo brloe pr`nlh` ltlu
nlhlo (Quplribkb, >::>764). Idourut Tohloe-Tohloe Ob. 18 Xlfuo >::: hlcli
plslc < idogdclsklo pdoedrt`lo rdtr`nus` sdnlel` ndr`kut ^dtr`nus` lhlclf puoeutlo
Hldrlf sdnlel` pdinlylrlo ltls glsl ltlu pdindr`lo `z`o tdrtdotu yloe kfusus
h`sdh`lklo ltlu h`ndr`klo bcdf Zdidr`otlf Hldrlf uotuk kdpdot`oelo brloe pr`nlh` ltlu
nlhlo. Zdodr`illo ^dtr`nus` hldrlf lhlclf fls`c puoeutlo hldrlf sdnlel` `inlclo glsl
yloe h`pdrbcdf hlr` pdilkl`lo glsl pdkdrgllo ltlu pdclylolo pdidr`otlf hldrlf hlo
glsl i`c`k pdidr`otlf hldrlf, yloe h`clkslolklo hdoelo pdrlturlo hldrlf yloe
h`hlslrklo ltls kdtdotulo pdruohloe-uohloelo yloe ndrclku (Quplribkb, >::>76.>.8. ^dtr`nus` Xdri`olc^dtr`nus` Xdri`olc lhlclf sltu gdo`s rdtr`nus` yloe idoglh` kdwdoloelo hldrlf
hlo hlplt h`kdcbcl hlo h`sdh`lklo bcdf pdidr`otlf hldrlf. Hlcli plslc < lylt 6
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:::= hlcli plslc 1 lylt < hlo > lhlclf sdnlel`
ndr`kut7 Bnydk ^dtr`nus` lhlclf pdclylolo pdoydh`llo mls`c`tls tdri`olc yloe idc`put` 7
Zdoydh`llo tdiplt plrk`r kdohlrllo pdouiploe hlo nus uiui,pdoydh`llo tdiplt
kde`ltlo uslfl, Mls`c`tls cl`ooyl h` c`oekuoelo tdri`olc. Qdhloeklo Qunydk rdtr`nus`lhlclf nlhlo ltlu brloe pr`nlh` yloe idoeeuolklo mls`c`tls tdri`olc, Qtruktur tlr`m
rdtr`nus` tdri`olc ndrhlslrklo Zdrlturlo Hldrlf Klnupltdo Quinlwl Nlrlt Obibr 4
tlfuo >::= tdotloe ^dtr`nus` Xdri`olc plslc = sdnlel` ndr`kut 7
Xlndc 1.
Qtruktur hlo Xlr`m ̂ dtr`nus` Xdri`olc Klnupltdo Quinlwl Nlrlt
Ob. Gdo`s
Zdclylolo Gdo`s Kdohlrllo / Olil
Mls`c`tls Ndslroyl Xlr`m
::,-/sdklc` ilsuk ^p. 4::,-/sdklc` ilsuk
^p. .:::,-/sdklc` ilsuk
>. Zdoydh`llotdiplt plrk`rloekutlo pdouiploe hlokdohlrllocl`ooyl
l. Qdpdhl Ibtbr n. I`arbcdt/I`o` Nus a. Loekutlo Lotlr Kbtl
4.:::,-/nuclo ^p. 4.:::,-/nuclo
8. Zdilkl`lomls`c`tls cl`ooyl
Klilr Iloh`/UA . Nuloe L`r Ndslr 1. Nuloe L`r Kda`c
^p. >.:::,- ^p. ::=.
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >::::4 ^p .=::.:::,:: ^p :1.:::,::
>::= ^p 41,4::,::
>::5 ^p ::6 ^p >>.4::.:::,:: ^p :.:::.:::,:: ^p >:.5=1.:::,::
>:>.4::.:::,:: ^p 1>.064.:::,::
>:>.4::.:::,:: ^p 16.6:
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >::
Zuslt ̂ `sdt Dkbobi` hlo Zdinloeuolo MD. TOQL
Zlhl tlndc h`ltls h`kdtlfu` nlfwl rdlc`sls` pdodr`illo rdtr`nus` tdri`olc t`hlk
sdclcu slil hdoelo tlredt yloe h`tdtlpklo. Kboh`s` `o` cdn`f hlr` tlredt yloe h`tdtlpklo,
oliuo plhl tlfuo >::= slipl` tlfuo >::6 rdlc`sls` pdodr`illo rdtr`nus` tdri`olc h`Klnupltdo Quinlwl Nlrlt h`nlwlf ::5 pdrnl`klo hlo
pdolinlflo culs tdri`olc h` Klnupltdo Quinlwl Nlrlt.
Totuk idoef`tuoe pbtdos` rdtr`nus` tdri`olc h` Klnupltdo Quinlwl Nlrlt lhl
ndndrlpl flc yloe pdrcu h`pdrflt`klo7
::=;
>. Xlr`m rdtr`nus` tdri`olc h`ilksuh lhlclf pdodtlplo tlr`m sdsul` hdoelo ZdrlturloHldrlf (Zdrhl) Klnupltdo Quinlwl Nlrlt Obibr 4 tlfuo >::= tdotloe ^dtr`nus`
Xdri`olc. Qtruktur tlr`m h`ebcboeklo ndrhlslrklo gdo`s kdohlrllo yloe tdrh`r` Nus,
Ndib hlo Doekdc;
1. Qdt`lp brloe pr`nlh` ltlu nlhlo yloe idodiplt` hlo idipdreuolklo mls`c`tlstdri`olc uotuk uslfl loekutlo glsl h`puoeut rdtr`nus`;
Xlndc 8.
Guiclf Kdohlrllo yloe Ilsuk Kd Xdri`olc
Klnupltdo Quinlwl Nlrlt, >::4->:::4 1> ::0 50
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:<
Zuslt ̂ `sdt Dkbobi` hlo Zdinloeuolo MD. TOQL
t`oee`oyl kdnutuflo lklo loekutlo culr ltlu hlcli kbtl Klnupltdo Quinlwl Nlrlt,
nl`k hlr` Klnupltdo Quinlwl Nlrlt ilupuo yloe ndrlslc hlr` culr Klnupltdo
Quinlwl Nlrlt. Qlclf sltu mlktbr hbi`olo yloe idipdoelruf` pdo`oekltlo `o` lhlclf pdri`otllo loekutlo uotuk glcur Ilcuk-Quinlwl.
Nloylkoyl tdolel kdrgl yloe ndkdrgl plhl ZX. Odwibot Ousl Xdoeelrl yloe
ndrlslc hlr` Klnupltdo Quinlwl hlo sdk`tlr idoglh` pdoydnln hlr` t`oee`oyl
kdnutuflo glsl lklo loekutlo nus hlcli hlo culr kbtl `o`. Qdidotlrl uotuk loekutlo
pdhdsllo sdpdrt` doekdc, t`hlk tdrclcu idouogukklo pdrkdinloelo yloe t`oee`.
Kboh`s` `o` h`sdnlnklo klrdol sdilk`o nloylkoyl ilsylrlklt yloe idi`c`k`
kdohlrllo sdoh`r` i`slcoyl sdpdhl ibtbr. Qdhloeklo uotuk kdohlrllo hlcli kbtl
idsk`puo pdrkdinloelo t`hlk tdrclcu t`oee` oliuo guiclfoyl flip`r sdt`lp tlfuo
ido`oeklt, floyl plhl tlfuo >::6 sdiplt idouruo oliuo plhl tlfuo >:::4 slipl` tlfuo >::::4 .=::.::: :1.::: ::= 41.4:: 6::5 >.4::.::: :.5=1.::: Qloelt Dmdkt`m >:>.4::.::: 1>.064.::: :.4::.::: 16.6 Qloelt Dm`s`do >::= .>41.4::
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:>
Zuslt ̂ `sdt Dkbobi` hlo Zdinloeuolo MD. TOQL
Hlr` fls`c lolc`s`s hlo pdrf`tuoelo t`oeklt dmdkt`m`tls hlo dm`s`dos` pdiuoeutlo
rdtr`nus` tdri`olc h` Klnupltdo Quinlwl Nlrlt sdsul` hdoelo hltl idouogukklo fls`c
yloe sloelt dmdkt`m hlo sloelt dm`s`do, `o` t`hlk sdsul` hdoelo f`pbtds`s yloe h`lguklo.Zdoalpl`lo Hlr` fls`c lolc`s`s dmdkt`m`tls hlo dm`s`dos` idouogukklo nlfwl
pdrtuinuflo pdodr`illo rdtr`nus` tdri`olc idoelcli` pdrkdinloelo yloe aukup
nl`k. Kboh`s` `o` h`sdnlnklo bcdf sdilk`o ido`oekltoyl prbsds pdinloeuolo h`
Klnupltdo Quinlwl Nlrlt tdrutlil plhl sdatbr slrlol hlo prlslrlol nl`k ndrupl glclo,
gdinltlo ilupuo tdri`olc. Zdinloeuolo slrlol hlo prlslrlol m`s`k `o` t`hlk cdpls hlr`
kbi`tido pdidr`otlf hldrlf yloe tdrus idodrus idoeloeelrklo pdinloeuolo m`s`k
idclcu` LZNH nl`k yloe ndrsuindr hlr` hlol pdr`inloelo ilupuo f`nlf ZX
Odwibot Ousl Xdoeelrl. Zdinloeuolo tdri`olc nlru sdrtl slrlol hlo prlslrlol yloe
nl`k hlo idilhl` idouogukklo nlfwl pdidr`otlf hldrlf ido`oekltklo kulc`tls
pdclylolo tdrflhlp ilsylrlklt h` Klnupltdo Quinlwl Nlrlt. Qdelcl kdn`glklo uotuk
ido`oekltklo dmdkt`m`tls hlo dm`s`dos` pdiuoeutlo rdtr`nus` tdri`olc tdclf h`clkuklosdalrl bpt`ilc bcdf pdidr`otlf hldrlf Klnupltdo Quinlwl Nlrlt.
]@. ZDOTXTZ
=.:::4->::0 rltl-rltl sdndslr 44.06 pdrsdo. Loekl sdndslr
44.06 pdrsdo idouogukklo nlfwl pdiuoeutlo ^dtr`nus` Xdri`olc h` Klnupltdo
Quinlwl Nlrlt ndrglclo sloelt dm`s`do sdsul` hdoelo stlohlr`sls` yloe h`tdtlpklo
bcdf Hdplrtdido Hlcli Odedr` hdoelo pdrsdotlsd kurloe hlr` =:%.
1. ^dlc`sls` pdodr`illo rdtr`nus` tdri`olc t`hlk sdclcu slil hdoelo tlredt yloeh`tdtlpklo. H`c`flt hlr` pdrsdotlsdoyl guiclf pdodr`illo rdtr`nus` tdri`olc plhl
tlfuo >::4 idoalpl` ::= slipl` tlfuo >:6 rdlc`sls`
pdodr`illo rdtr`nus` tdri`olc h` Klnupltdo Quinlwl Nlrlt h`nlwlf ::5 pdrnl`klo hlo pdolinlflo culs tdri`olc h`
Klnupltdo Quinlwl Nlrlt.
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:1
Zuslt ̂ `sdt Dkbobi` hlo Zdinloeuolo MD. TOQL
=.>. QlrloNdrhlslrklo kds`ipuclo yloe h`sdnutklo h` ltls, ilkl hlplt h`usucklo
ndndrlpl slrlo kdplhl Zdidr`otlf Klnupltdo Quinlwl Nlrlt hlcli rloeklido`oekltklo pdodr`illo ^dtr`nus` Xdri`olc yl`tu7
. Ido`oekltklo dm`s`dos` pdiuoeutlo hlplt h`clkuklo hdoelo alrl idoeurloe` n`lyl-n`lyl yloe t`hlk pdrcu, sdpdrt` n`lyl bpdrls`bolc pdiuoeutlo h`uslflklo
cdn`f rdohlf sdhloeklo rdlc`sls` pdodr`illo h`uslflklo i`o`ilc slil hdoelo
tlredt ltlu cdn`f kda`c hlr` pdrsdotlsd pdo`oekltlo rdlc`sls` pdodr`illo, sdf`oeel
hlr` tlfuo kd tlfuo puoeutlo rdtr`nus` tdri`olc lklo idouogukklo t`oeklt dm`s`dos`
yloe t`oee`;1. X`oeklt dmdkt`v`tls pdrcu pdrflt`lo kfusus hlcli pdoedcbcllo rdtr`nus` tdri`olc h`
Klnupltdo Quinlwl Nlrlt klrdol t`oeklt dmdkt`v`tlsoyl idouogukklo
kdadohdruoelo loekl yloe dmdkt`m idclcu` pdoelwlslo tdrflhlp plrl pdtuels yloe
idclkuklo pdiuoeutlo rdtr`nus` h` clploelo hlcli rloekl idoeurloe`
pdoy`iploelo-pdoy`iploelo yloe h`clkuklo bcdf pdtuels tdrsdnut.
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:8
Zuslt ̂ `sdt Dkbobi` hlo Zdinloeuolo MD. TOQL
HLMXL^ ZTQXLKL
Flc`i, Lnhuc. >::5. Lkuotlos` Qdktbr Zunc`k Lkuotlos` Kduloelo Hldrlf. Qlcdinl
Diplt, Glklrtl.
Ilfiuh`. >::5. Ilolgdido K`odrgl Qdktbr Zunc`k. QX@I PKZO, Pbeylklrtl.
Ilrh`lsib hlo Ilkfmlt`f, L., >:::, – Zdrf`tuoelo Zbtdos` Zlglk hlo ^dtr`nus` Hldrlf
h` Klnupltdo Iledcloe’, Clpbrlo Lkf`r, KdrglslilZdidr`otlf Hldrlf
Klnupltdo Iledcloe hdoelo ZLT-QD TEI,Pbeylklrtl.
Ourfl`hlf. >::=. Lolc`s`s Dmdkt`v`tls Hlo Dm`s`dos` Zdiuoeutlo Zlglk Hldrlf Hlo
^dtr`nus` Hldrlf H` Klnupltdo N`il. Zdrlturlo Hldrlf Klnupltdo
Quinlwl Nlrlt Obibr 4 Xlfuo >::= tdotloe ^dtr`nus` Xdri`olc .
^dpunc`k @ohbods`l.. Kdputuslo Idotdr` Hlcli Odedr` Ob. =0: 0:: 1>5 Xlfuo ::6. Idtbhd Zdodc`t`lo N`so`s. Lcml Ndtl, Nlohuoe.
Quplribkb. >::>. Dkbobi`kl Zunc`k uotuk Kduloelo hlo Zdinloeuolo Hldrlf.
Zdodrn`t Loh`, Pbeylklrtl.
Tohloe-Tohloe Obibr 1> Xlfuo >::8 Xdotloe Zdidr`otlflo Hldrlf.
Tohloe-Tohloe ^dpunc`k @ohbods`l Ob. 18 Xlfuo >::: tdotloe ^dtr`nus`
Ulfyu @rwlosylf I. >::4. Lolc`s`s Dmdkt`v`tls Hlo Dm`s`dos` Zdiuoeutlo Zlglk Hlo
^dtr`nus` Hldrlf H` Klnupltdo Ibgbkdrtb.
U`n`sbob. >::5. Lolc`s`s Kbotr`nus` ^dtr`nus` Xdri`olc Zdouiploe Xdrflhlp
Zdohlpltlo Lsc` Hldrlf Klnupltdo Cuilgloe . MD T@@,
Pbeylklrtl.www.ebbecd.abi.//>185.lnstrlk//
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:4
Zuslt ̂ `sdt Dkbobi` hlo Zdinloeuolo MD. TOQL
QXTH@ ZD^NLOH@OELO (KBIZL^LQ@) ZDOD^@ILLO QLIQLX QDNDCTI
HLO QDQTHLF LHLOPL ZDCLPLOLO QLIQLX KDC@C@OE H@
KLNTZLXDO QTINLUL
(Qtuh` Klsus H` To`t Zdclylolo Xdko`s Hldrlf ltlu TZXH ‑ Zdclylolo Zlglk
Hldrlf hlo ̂ dtr`nus` Hldrlf Quinlwl )
Bcdf 7
Drw`o Qlr`s
LNQX^LK
Xugulo pdodc`t`lo `o` lhlclf uotuk idoelolc`s`s pdrnloh`oelo (kbiplrls`) Zdodr`illo Qlislt Qdndcui hlo Qdsuhlf Lhloyl Zdclylolo Qlislt Kdc`c`oe h`
Klnupltdo Quinlwl. Hltl yloe h`euolklo hlcli pdodc`t`lo `o` lhlclf hltl pr`idr
hlr` ndrupl hltl pdodr`illo slislt sdndcui lhloyl pdclylolo slislt kdc`c`oe sdclil
t`el tlfuo yl`tu hlr` tlfuo >::5 slipl` hdoelo >::0, hlo hltl pdodr`illo slislt
sdsuhlf lhloyl pdclylolo slislt kdc`c`oe yl`tu hlr` tlfuo >::.
Hltl ndrlslc hlr` To`t Zdclylolo Xdko`s Hldrlf (TZXH) Zdclylolo Zlglk Hldrlf
hlo ^dtr`nus` Hldrlf Klnupltdo Quinlwl. Lhlpuo pbkbk pdrilslclflo hlcli
pdodc`t`lo `o` lhlclf Lplklf tdrhlplt Zdrndhllo Zdodr`illo Qlislt Qdndcui hlo
Qdsuhlf Lhloyl Zdclylolo Qlislt Kdc`c`oe h` Klnupltdo Quinlwl. Gdo`s pdodc`t`lo
yloe h`clkuklo lhlclf pdodc`t`lo kulot`tlt`m hdoelo idoeeuolklo idtbhd Qtlt`st`k
plrlidt`k yl`tu hdoelo o`cl`idinloh`oeklo o`cl` t-f`tuoe hdoelo o`cl` t-tlndc, fls`c pdodc`t`lo idouoguklo nlfwl lhloyl pdrndhllo yloe s`eo`m`klo plhl pdodr`illo
slislt sdsdsuhlf lhloyl pdclylolo slislt kdc`c`oe, nl`k plhl pdodr`illo Zlglk
Kdohlrllo Ndribtbr (ZKN) hlo Ndl Nlc`k Olil Kdohlrllo Ndribtbr (NNOKN)
tdrc`flt hlr` fls`c f`pbtds`s yloe h`adrilt` nlfwl o`cl` t-tdst Zlglk Kdohlrllo
Ndribtbr hlo Ndl Nlc`k Olil Kdohlrllo Ndribtbr lhlclf -0 hlo o`cl` t-
tlndcoyl lhlclf -8,1:1 ltlu 8,1:1 hdoelo idoeug` hul p`flk nlfwl t-f`tuoe3 -t tlndc
yl`tu 7 -03 -8,1:1 ilkl F :h`tbclk hlo Fl h`tdr`il, hdoelo hdi`k`lo tdrhlplt
pdrndhllo yloe s`eo`m`klo pdodr`illo slislt sdndcui hlo sdsuhlf lhloyl pdclylolo
slislt kdc`c`oe.
Kltl Kuoa` 7 Zdodr`illo Qlislt Qdndcui, Zdodr`illo Qlislt Qdsuhlf, Zdclylolo
Qlislt Kdc` c` oe.
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:=
Zuslt ̂ `sdt Dkbobi` hlo Zdinloeuolo MD. TOQL
@. ZDOHLFTCTLO
::5 4.04=.:.4::,- 5.=56.066.84:,- >::6 5.06>.:66.>::,- 1.5>.>::,-
1 >::0 0.858.55:.4>:,- .:04.>14.5::,- >>:,-
Quindr Hltl 7 To`t Zdclylolo Xdko`s Hldrlf ‑ Zdclylolo Zlglk Hldrlf hlo ^dtr`nus`
Hldrlf (TZXH-ZZH^H) Quinlwl.
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:5
Zuslt ̂ `sdt Dkbobi` hlo Zdinloeuolo MD. TOQL
Xlndc >.
Zdrtuinuflo Guiclf Bngdk Zlglk Kdohlrllo Ndribtbr Qdclil = Xlfuo
Xdrlkf`r yl`tu hlr` Xlfuo >::5 slipl` hdoelo Xlfuo >:Ob Xlfuo ^bhl > ^bhl 8 Guiclf
< >::5 8::0 = : >:1.150.:88.4::,- 14.814.=86.6::,-
1 >: >1.8,- 18.4>0.85>.6>5,-
Quindr Hltl 7 To`t Zdclylolo Xdko`s Hldrlf ‑ Zdclylolo Zlglk Hldrlf hlo ^dtr`nus`
Hldrlf (TZXH-ZZH^H) Quinlwl.
Hlr` hltl tlndc 1. h` ltls hlplt h`s`ipucklo nlfwl pdodr`illo Zlglk Kdohlrllo
ndribtbr (ZKN) sdclil t`el tlfuo hlr` tlfuo >::
idoelcli` pdo`oekltlo, Zdodr`illo Zlglk Kdohlrllo Ndribtbr (ZKN) tdrsdnut
idruplklo fls`c pdodr`illo hlr` hul suindr yl`tu hlr` klotbr slislt sdoh`r` hlo hlr`
pdclylolo slislt kdc`c`oe kd kdaliltlo ‑ kdaliltlo. Qdhloeklo uotuk Ndl Nlc`k
Olil Kdohlrllo Ndribtbr (NNOKN) idoelcli` turuo ol`k ltlu mcuktult`m tdrelotuoe
kboh`s` plslr btbibt`m. pdodr`illo Ndl Nlc`k Olil Kdohlrllo Ndribtbr (NNOKN) `o`
idruplklo pdodr`illo hlr` klotbr slislt slgl. Ltls hlslr url`lo h`ltls, pdouc`s `oe`o
idoabnl idodc`t` tdotloe –Qtuh` Zdrnloh`oelo ( Kbiplrls` ) Zdodr`illo Qlislt
Qdndcui hlo Qdsuhlf Lhloyl Zdclylolo Qlislt Kdc`c`oe h` Klnupltdo Quinlwl (
Qtuh` Klsus h` To`t Zdclylolo Xdko`s Hldrlf ‑ Zdclylolo Zlglk Hldrlf hlo ^dtr`nus`
Hldrlf ( TZXH ‑ ZZH^H ) Quinlwl )’.
. ^uiuslo IlslclfNdrhlslrklo cltlr ndclkloe h`ltls, ilkl hlplt h``hdot`m`kls`klo pbkbk
pdrilslclflooyl yl`tu Lplklf tdrhlplt pdrndhllo yloe s`eo`m`klo pdodr`illo slislt
sdndcui hlo sdsuhlf lhloyl pdclylolo slislt kdc`c`oe h` Klnupltdo Quinlwl.
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:6
Zuslt ̂ `sdt Dkbobi` hlo Zdinloeuolo MD. TOQL
.::8) Guhuc pdodc`t`lo –Lolc`s`s Zdrnloh`oelo
Guiclf Zdodr`illo Zlglk Kdohlrllo Ndribtbr (ZKN) Hdoelo Guiclf Bnydk
Kdohlrllo Ndribtbr h` Zrbv`os` Glwl X`iur –. Zdodc`t`lo `o` idoeeuolklo idtbhd
kbiplrlt`m h`ilol tdfo`k lolc`s`s hltloyl idoeeuolklo rderds` c`o`dr sdhdrflol
hdoelo alrl idinloh`oeklo ndtl ( . Zdodr`illo Zlglk Kdohlrllo Ndribtbr (ZKN)
suhlf h`loelp bpt`ilc lpln`cl ndtl ( pdrkdinloelo pdodr`illo pdohlpltlo ZlglkKdohlrllo Ndribtbr (ZKN) cdn`f ndslr hlr` ndtl ( pdrkdinloelo guiclf bnydkkdohlrllo ndribtbr. H`ilol fls`coyl pdodr`illo Zlglk Kdohlrllo Ndribtbr uotuk
gdo`s kdohlrllo yloe h`tdc`t` suhlf bpt`ilc.
@ril Ourilylot` (>:) Guhuc – Zdodr`illo Zlglk Zdoefls`clo Qdndcui hlo
Qdsuhlf Zdodrlplo Xlr`m Xuoeelc hlo Zdoelrufoyl Xdrflhlp Zlglk Zdoefls`clo
Xdrfutloe–. Hlcli pdodc`t`lo `o` idoeeuolklo idtbhd kbiplrlt`m hlo hdskr`mt`p
lolc`s`s hdoelo idtbhd pdohdkltlo stuh` klsus. H`ilol pdodc`t`lo `o` idoefls`cklo
pdodr`illo plglk pdoefls`clo sdndcui hlo sdsuhlf pdodrlplo tlr`m tuoeelc tdrhlplt
pdrndhllo yloe aukup s`mo`m`klo, sdrtl sloelt ndrpdoelruf s`eo`m`klo lotlrl pdodr`illo
plglk pdoefls`clo tdrflhlp vlr`lndc hdpdohdo plglk pdoefls`clo tdrfutloe.
>.>. Clohlslo Xdbr`
>.>.::1 7 8 ) yl`tu – Zlglk lhlclf `urlo wlg`n kdplhl Odelrl ( yloe hlplt h`plkslklo )
yloe tdrutloe bcdf yloe wlg`n idinlylroyl idourut pdrlturlo ‑ pdrlturlo hdoelo
t`hlk idohlplt prdstls` kdinlc`, yloe cloesuoe hlplt h`tuoguk, hlo yloe euoloyl
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:0
Zuslt ̂ `sdt Dkbobi` hlo Zdinloeuolo MD. TOQL
lhlclf uotuk idin`lyl` pdoedculrlo ‑ pdoedculrlo uiui ndrfunuoe hdoelo tuels
Odelrl uotuk idydcdoeelrlklo pdidr`otlflo –.
Hdm`o`s` plglk idourut Tohloe ‑ Tohloe Ob. >6 Xlfuo >::5, – Zlglk lhlclfkbotr`nus` wlg`n kdplhl Odelrl yloe tdrutloe bcdf brloe pr`nlh` ltlu nlhlo yloe
ndrs`mlt idilksl ndrhlslrklo Tohloe ‑ Tohloe, hdoelo t`hlk idohlplt `inlclo
sdalrl cloesuoe hlo h`euolklo uotuk kdpdrculo Odelrl nle` sdndslr ‑ ndslroyl
kdilkiurlo rlkylt’.
>.>.>. Muoes` Zlglk
Idourut ^lfilo (>:.>.1. Gdo`s ‑ Gdo`s ZlglkHlcli fukui plglk tdrhlplt ndrnlel` pdindhllo hlo pdinle`lo pdindhllo
tdotloe gdo`s ‑ gdo`s plglk, h`ilol pdindhllo hlo pdinle`lo tdrsdnut idipuoyl`
muoes` yloe ndrcl`olo. Hlcli pdodc`t`lo `o` h`gdclsklo tdotloe pdoeebcboelo plglk yloe
h`ndhlklo idourut ebcboelooyl, s`mltoyl, hlo idourut cdinlel pdiuoeutlooyl. (
Lafilh Xglfybob, >::>74 ).
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:. Zlglk idourut s`mltoylIdourut s`mltoyl plglk h`nle` idoglh` hul yl`tu plglk sungdkt`m hlo plglk bnydkt`m.
Zlglk Qungdkt`m ( ndrs`mlt pdrbrloelo ) lhlclf plglk yloe idipdrflt`klo pdrtlil ‑
tlil kdlhllo pr`nlh` wlg`n plglk uotuk idodtlpklo plglkoyl flrus h`tdiuklo
lclslo ‑ lclslo yloe bnydkt`m yloe ndrfunuoelo drlt hdoelo kdlhllo iltdr`lcoyl
yl`tu yloe h`sdnut ndlno p`kuc. Zlhl Bngdkt`m pdrtlil ‑ tlil idc`flt kdplhl
bngdkoyl nl`k `tu ndrupl ndohl, hlplt pucl ndrupl kdlhllo, pdrnultlo, ltlu
pdr`st`wl yloe idoelk`nltklo t`inucoyl kdwlg`nlo idinlylr, kdiuh`lo nlruclf
h`alr` sungdkoyl (brloe ltlu nlhlo fukui) yloe ndrsloekutlo cloesuoe hdoelo
t`hlk idipdrsblcklo lplklf sungdk plglk `o` ndrhbi`s`c` h` @ohbods`l ltlu t`hlk.
Abotbfoyl plglk Zdrtlinlflo O`cl` ( ZZO )
1. Zlglk idourut cdinlel pdiuoeutlooylIdourut cdinlel pdiuoeutlooyl h`nle` idoglh` hul yl`tu Zlglk Odelrl ( Zuslt )
hlo Zlglk Hldrlf. Zlglk Odelrl ( Zuslt ) lhlclf plglk yloe h`puoeut bcdf
pdidr`otlf puslt yloe pdoydcdoelrllooyl h`clkslolklo bcdf Hdplrtdidot
Kduloelo hlo fls`coyl lklo h`euolklo uotuk pdin`lyllo ^uilf Xloeel Odelrl
uiuioyl. Zlglk Hldrlf lhlclf plglk yloe h` puoeut bcdf Zdidr`otlf Hldrlf
Zrbv`os`, Klnupltdo/Kbtl. Zdiuoeutlooyl ndrhlslrklo plhl Zdrlturlo Hldrlf (
Zdrhl ) ils`oe ‑ ils`oe hlo fls`coyl h`euolklo uotuk pdin`lyllo ^uilf Xloeel
Hldrlf ils`oe ‑ ils`oe.
>.>.8. Kbosdp Zdodr`illo QlisltQlclf sltu Zdohlpltlo Lsc` Hldrlf hlr` sdktbr kdohlrllo ndribtbr yl`tu Zlglk
Kdohlrllo Ndribtbr (ZKN) hlo Ndl Nlc`k Olil Kdohlrllo Ndribtbr (NNOKN) yloe
h` puoeut cloesuoe bcdf slislt, yloe guel idruplklo slclf sltu suindr pdohlpltlo
hldrlf yloe ndrpdoelruf tdrflhlp pdohlpltlo lsc` hldrlf. Hdoelo h`tdtlpklooyl sultu
pdodr`illo plglk hldrlf h`flrlpklo ilipu ido`oekltklo pdohlpltlo lsc` hldrlf `tu
sdoh`r` kfususoyl hlr` Zlglk Kdohlrllo Ndribtbr hlo Ndl Nlc`k Olil Kdohlrllo
Ndribtbr.
Idourut Leus Qlinbhb idoediuklklo nlfwl pdodr`illo plglk lhlclf
ndrtugulo uotuk idilsukklo pdodr`illo kls Odelrl sdnloylk-nloylkoyl yl`tu uotuk
idoe`s` LZNO yloe sdsul` hdoelo tlredt pdodr`ilo yloe tdclf h`tdtlpklo sdf`oeel
pbs`s` loeelrlo pdohlpltlo hlo pdoedculrlo sd`inloe ltlu nlcload nuhedt ()Ndrhlslrklo url`lo h`ltls nlfwl pdodr`illo Zlglk Kdohlrllo Ndribtbr hlo
Ndl Nlc`k Olil Kdohlrllo Ndribtbr yloe h`puoeut cloesuoe bcdf slislt idi`c`k`
funuoelo drlt tdrflhlp pdohlpltlo lsc` hldrlf. sdilk`o nloylk pdodr`illo slislt hlr`
ZKN hlo NNOKN ilkl hlplt tdrpdouf`oyl n`lyl pdoedculrlo pdidr`otlf hldrlf,
sdrtl idipdrcloalr glclooyl pdinloeuolo hlo pdidr`otlf hldrlf sdrtl hlplt
idosdglftdrlklo ilsylrlklt.
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:.>.4. Zlglk Kdohlrllo Ndribtbr ( ZKN )Kdohlrllo ndribtbr lhlclf sdiul kdohlrllo ndrbhl sdrtl elohdoelooyl yloe
h`euolklo h`sdiul gdo`s glclo hlrlt, hlo h`edrlkklo bcdf pdrlcltlo tdko`k ndrupl ibtbrltlu pdrlcltlo cl`ooyl yloe ndrmuoes` uotuk idoeunlf sultu suindr hlyl dodre`
tdrtdotu idoglh` tdolel edrlk kdohlrllo ndribtbr yloe ndrsloekutlo, tdrilsuk lclt ‑
lclt ndslr yloe hlcli bpdrls`oyl idoeeuolklo rbhl hlo ibtbr hlo t`hlk idcdklt
sdalrl pdrilodo sdrtl kdohlrllo ndribtbr yloe h`bpdrls`klo h` l`r.
Bnydk ZKN lhlclf kdpdi`c`klo hlo ltlu pdoeulsllo Kdohlrllo ndribtbr,
sdhloeklo Qungdk ZKN lhlclf brloe pr`nlh` ltlu nlhlo uslfl yloe idi`c`k` hlo ltlu
idoeulsl` kdohlrllo ndribtbr. Xlr`m ZKN lhlclf tlr`m plglk spds`m`k ndrelotuoe plhl
sultu guiclf tdrtdotu ltls gdo`s nlrloe tdrtdotu. TT >6/>::0
Xdotloe ZH^H ), Kdohlrllo ndribtbr culr hldrlf yloe h`euolklo cdn`f hlr` 1 (t`el)
nuclo sdalrl tdrus ‑ idodrus h` Hldrlf wlg`n idclpbrklo kdplhl Eundrour idclcu`
Kdplcl H`ols Zdohlpltlo, Qdt`lp wlg`n plglk idoe`s` QZZKN ltlu ndotuk cl`o yloe
h`pdrslilklo, QZZKN flrus h``s` hdoelo gdcls, ndolr hlo cdoeklp sdrtl h`tlohltloelo`
bcdf wlg`n plglk ltlu brloe yloe h`ndr` kulsl bcdfoyl ltlu lfc` wlr`s, QZZKN wlg`n
h`slipl`klo hlcli gloekl wlktu sdnlel` ndr`kut 7
. Totuk kdohlrllo nlru nuklo nlru slipl` hdoelo tloeelc ndrlkf`rooyl ilsl plglk.1. Totuk kdohlrllo ndribtbr iutls` plc`oe clil 1: (t`el pucuf) flr` sdglk tloeelc
surlt kdtdrloelo m`salc. Lpln`cl tdrglh` pdrunlflo ltls kdohlrllo ndribtbr hlcli
ilsl plglk, nl`k pdrunlflo ndotuk, muoes` ilupuo pdoeelot`lo ids`o, wlg`n
idclpbrklo hdoelo idoeeuolklo QZZKN.Qloes` Lhi`o`strlt`m ZKN g`kl kdwlg`nlo
idoylipl`klo QZZKN t`hlk h`pdouf` tdplt plhl wlktuoyl, ilkl h`kdolklo
tlinlflo pdinlylrlo sdndslr >4 % hlr` pbkbk plglk.
>.>.=. Ndl Nlc`k Olil Kdohlrllo Ndribtbr ( NNOKN )Xlr`m NNOKN lhlclf idrupklo tlr`mm hderds`m (idouruo) yl`tu tlr`m yloe
prdsdotls`oyl idoeda`c lpln`cl h`clkuklo plhl tlflp pdoydrlflo kdhul hlo sdtdrusoyl
tdrflhlp bngdk plglk yloe ndrsloekutlo. Qdklc`puo idoelout tlr`m hderds`m t`hlk ndrlrt` guiclf Ndl Nlc`k Olil Kdohlrllo Ndribtbr (NNOKN) yloe tdrutloe idoglh` kda`c.
Xlr`m Ndl Nlc`k Olil Kdohlrllo Ndribtbr (NNOKN) idourut plslc >< pdrhl Ousl
Xdoeelrl Nlrlt Ob.:
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:
Zuslt ̂ `sdt Dkbobi` hlo Zdinloeuolo MD. TOQL
hlo brloe pr`nlh` ltlu nlhlo yloe idoydrlfklo kdohlrllo ndribtbr wlg`n idclpbrklo
kdplhl Eundrour idclcu` Kdplcl H`ols Zdohlpltlo hlcli gloekl wlktu 1: (t`el pucuf)
flr` sdglk pdoydrlflo.Qloes` Lhi`o`strlt`m Ndl Nlc`k Olil Kdohlrllo Ndribtbr (NNOKN) lhlclf
Qdt`lp wlg`n plglk yloe tdrclinlt idohlmtlrklo kdohlrllo ndribtbr h`kdolklo sloks`
lhi`o`strlt`m sdndslr >4% hlr` pbkbk plglk. Bngdk Ndl Nlc`k Olil Kdohlrllo
Ndribtbr (NNOKN) lhlclf7
. Xdrilsuk hlcli pdoedrt`lo Kdohlrllo ndribtbr. Kdohlrllo ndribtbr lhlclf
sdiul kdohlrllo ndrbhl sdrtl elohdoelooyl yloe h`euolklo h`sdiul gdo`s glclo
hlrlt, hlo h`edrlkklo bcdf pdrlcltlo tdko`k ndrupl ibtbr ltlu pdrlcltlo cl`ooyl
yloe ndrmuoes` uotuk idoeunlf sultu suindr hlyl dodre` tdrtdotu idoglh` tdolel
edrlk kdohlrllo ndribtbr yloe ndrsloekutlo, tdrilsuk lclt ‑ lclt ndslr yloe
hlcli bpdrls`oyl idoeeuolklo rbhl hlo ibtbr hlo t`hlk idcdklt sdalrl pdrilodosdrtl kdohlrllo ndribtbr yloe h`bpdrls`klo h` l`r.
1. Zdoeulsllo Kdohlrllo ndribtbr yloe cdn`f hlr` (hul ndcls) nuclo hlplt h`loeelp sdnlel` pdoydrlflo (t`hlk tdrilsuk pdrglog`lo sdwl ndc`)
>.>.5. Zdclylolo QlisltH`hlcli ido`oekltklo pdclylolo tdrflhlp ilsylrlklt hlcli ididouf`
kdwlg`nl h`n`hloe pdohlmtlrlo kdohlrllo ndribtbr ilkl, pdidr`otlf idindotuk sultu
Q`stdi Lhi`o`strls` Ilouoeelc h`nlwlf Qltu Ltlp yloe h`s`oeklt Qlislt. Qlislt
idruplklo sultu glwlnlo ltls lhloyl kdnutuflo hdi` tdra`ptloyl sultu s`stdi
pdoedcbcllo Zlglk Kdohlrllo Ndribtbr (ZKN) hlo Ndl Nlc`k Olil Kdohlrllo
Ndribtbr (NNOKN) yloe dmdkt`m hlo dm`s`do, h`ilol guiclf kdohlrllo ndribtbr tdclf
ido`oeklt sdt`lp tlfuooyl sdf`oeel pdrcu uslfl pdo`oekltlo pdodr`illo hldrlf yloe
ndrsuindr hlr` plglk hlo ndl nlc`k olil kdohlrllo ndribtbr hlo sdnlel` t`ohlk clogut
uotuk idoedmdkt`mklo pdclkslollo Tohloe-uohloe Ob.
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:. Bpdrls`bolc`sls` ]lr`lndc Zdodc`t`loHlcli pdodc`t`lo `o` pdouc`s idoeuoeklpklo lhloyl ndndrlpl vlr`lncd sdnlel`
bnydk pdodc`t`lo, lhlpuo vlr`lncd pdodc`t`lo tdrsdnut tdrh`r` hlr` 7 ]lr`lndc V< 9Zdodr`illo Qlislt sdndcui lhloyl slislt kdc`c`oe ( Zlglk Kdohlrllo Ndribtbr (ZKN)
hlo Ndl Nlc`k Olil Kdohlrllo Ndribtbr (NNOKN) ]lr`lndc V> 9 Zdodr`illo Qlislt
sdsuhlf lhloyl slislt kdc`c`oe ( Zlglk Kdohlrllo Ndibtbr (ZKN)
8.1. Hdm`o`s` Bpdrls`bolc ]lr`lndcHlcli pdodc`t`lo `o` pdouc`s idohdm`o`s`klo bpdrls`bolc vlr`lndc sdnlel`
ndr`kut 7
. ]lr`lndc V> 9 Zdodr`illo Qlislt sdsuhlf lhloyl slislt kdc`c`oe, h`ilol
vlr`lndcoyl idc`put` pdodr`illo slislt yl`tu pdodr`illo Zlglk Kdohlrllo
Ndribtbr (ZKN) hlo Ndl Nlc`k Olil Kdohlrllo Ndribtbr (NNOKN) h` clkuklo
h`klotbr slislt h`tlinlf hdoelo pdodr`illo pdclylolo slislt kdc`c`oe, h`ilol
pdodr`illo slislt kdc`c`oe floyl Zlglk Kdohlrllo Ndribtbr (ZKN).
8.8. Xdfo`k Zdoeuipuclo HltlIdourut Qbde`bob, (>::57>>8) tdfo`k pdoeuipuclo hltl idruplklo cloeklf
yloe plc`oe strltde`s hlcli pdodc`t`lo, klrdol tugulo utlil hlr` pdodc`t`lo lhlclf
idohlpltklo hltl. Xliplk idoedtlfu` tdfo`k pdoeuipuclo hltl, ilkl pdodc`t` lklo
idohlpltklo hltl yloe ididouf` stlohlr hltl yloe h`tdtlpklo. Totuk idipdrbcdf
hltl yloe cdn`f cdoeklp hlo kbokr`t hlcli pdodc`t`lo `o` pdouc`s idoeuipucklo hltl
idclcu` alrl pdohdkltlo sdnlel` ndr`kut 7 Kdpustlkllo, Zdodc`t`lo Clploelo ( M`dch
^dsdlraf ndrupl bnsdrvls` hlo hbkuidotls.
8.4. Xdfo`k Lolc`s`s HltlTotuk idoelolc`s`s hltl yloe h`pdrbcdf hlcli rloekl pdoeug`lo f`pbtds`s, hltl
tdrsdnut h`bclf tdrcdn`f hlfucu kdiuh`lo h` lolc`s`s hdoelo pdohdkltlo kulot`tlt`m
hdoelo idoeeuolklo idtbhd stlt`st`a plrlidt`k yl`tu hdoelo idoeeuolklo t-tdst.
Xdfo`k stlt`st`k plrlidtr`s yloe h`euolklo uotuk idoeug` kbiplrls` hltl rls`b ltlu
`otdrvlc. ( Qbde`bob, >::17
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >: 9 ^ltl-rltl ndslroyl pdodr`illo slislt sdsuhlf lhloyl slislt kdc`c`oe
9 ukurlo slipdc 1 tlfuo
9Tkurlo slipdc 1 tlfuoQeln 9 Q`iploelo nlku
]. FLQ@C LOLC@Q@Q HLO ZDINLFLQLO
Xlndc 8.
Zdodr`illo Zlglk Kdohlrllo Ndribtbr (ZKN) hlo Ndl Nlc`k Olil Kdohlrllo
Ndribtbr (NNOKN) 1 Xlfuo Xdrlkf`r Qdndcui Lhloyl Zdclylolo Qlislt
Kdc`c`oe h` Quinlwl
Quindr Hltl7 To`t Zdclylolo Xdko`s Hldrlf ‑ Zdclylolo Zlglk Hldrlf hlo ^dtr`nus`
Hldrlf (TZXH-ZZH^H) Quinlwl.
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:.
Zdodr`illo Zlglk Kdohlrllo Ndribtbr (ZKN) hlo Ndl Nlc`k Olil Kdohlrllo
Ndribtbr (NNOKN) hlr` tlfuo >:: sdtdclf lhloylpdclylolo Qlislt Kdc`c`oe h` Quinlwl.
Quindr Hltl 7 To`t Zdclylolo Xdko`s Hldrlf ‑ Zdodr`illo Zlglk Hldrlf hlo ^dtr`nus`
Hldrlf (TZXH-ZZH^H) Quinlwl
Hlr` hltl yloe h`pdrbcdf hlr` fls`c pdodc`t`lo idouogukklo nlfwl hltl
pdodr`illo plglk kdohlrllo ndribtbr (ZKN) hlo Ndl Nlc`k Olil Kdohlrllo Ndribtbr
(NNOKN) hlr` tlfuo >::5 slipl` >::0, ltlu hlcli flc `o` idruplklo hltl pdodr`illo
plglk sdndcui lhloyl prberli slislt kdc`c`oe h` klnupltdo Quinlwl. Hdoelo
idoeuolklo hltl tdrsdnut h`hlpltklo guiclf slipdc sdnloylk 1 yl`tu nloylkoyl tlfuo
bnsdrvls` ilkl o`cl` idlo (rltl-rltl) uotuk plglk Kdohlrllo Ndribtbr (ZKN) yl`tu
sdndslr ^p. 5.6:8.>0:.8:5, hlo stlohlr hdv`ls` (s`iploelo Nlku) sdndslr
5,656. Lpln`cl hlr` kdhul pdodr`illo tdrsdnut h`elnuoeklo yl`tu
Zlglk Kdohlrllo Ndribtbr (ZKN) hlo Ndl Nlc`k Olil Kdohlrllo Ndribtbr (NNOKN)
ilkl h`hlpltklo o`cl` idlo (rltl-rltl) ^p. 5. Qdhloeklo uotuk plglk Ndl Nlc`k Olil KdohlrlloNdribtbr (NNOKN) h`hlpltklo o`cl` idlo (rltl-rltl) sdndslr ^p.
4.888.64>.=16,:0:. Lpln`cl hlr` kdhul
pdodr`illo tdrsdnut h`elnuoeklo yl`tu Zlglk Kdohlrllo Ndribtbr (ZKN) hlo Ndl
Nlc`k Olil Kdohlrllo Ndribtbr (NNOKN) ilkl h`hlpltklo o`cl` idlo (rltl-rltl) ^p.
1
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >::: h`ilol t`el tlfuo tdrlkf`r `o`
lhlclf tlfuo h`ndrclkuklo pdclylolo slislt kdc`c`oe.
Qdhloeklo lpln`cl h`elnuoeklo lotlrl o`cl` pdodr`illo Zlglk KdohlrlloNdribtbr (ZKN) hlo Ndl Nlc`k Olil Kdohlrllo Ndribtbr (NNOKN) ilkl h`hlpltklo
sdc`s`f hlr` idlo (rltl-rltl) yl`tu sdndslr ^p..840.=0::0 h`ilol plhl
tlfuo tdrsdnut ndcui h`ndrclkuklo lhloyl slislt kdc`c`oe hdoelo tlfuo >:: h`ilol t`el tlfuo tdrlkf`r `o` lhlclf tlfuo h`ndrclkuklo pdclylolo
slislt kdc`c`oe.
Hlr` tlndc tdrsdnut hlplt h`s`ipucklo nlfwl uotuk ndslroyl o`cl` t-tdst plhl
plglk kdohlrllo ndribtbr (ZKN) lhlclf ->0,>6< hlo o`cl` t tlndc lhlclf -8,1:1 ltlu
8,1:1 hdoelo idoeuolklo ug` hul p`flk, ilkl hlplt h`s`ipucklo nlfwl t f`tuoe 3 -t
tlndc, yl`tu 7 ->0,>6< 3 -8,1:1 ilkl F: h`tbclk hlo Fl h`tdr`il, `o` ndrlrt` nlfwltdrhlplt pdrndhllo yloe s`eo`m`klo pdodr`illo plglk kdohlrllo ndribtbr sdndcui hlo
sdsuhlf lhloyl slislt kdc`c`oe h`klnupltdo suinlwl. Qdhloeklo uotuk Ndl Nlc`k
Olil Kdohlrllo Ndribtbr (NNOKN) h`hlpltklo o`cl` t-tdst sdndslr -0,4
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:. @ombrils` ^`oekls Zdclkslollo Zdiuoeutlo ZKN hlo
NNOKN. Klotbr Zuslt H`pdohl Zrbv OXN, Iltlrli.
Ilrh`lsib. >::>. Zdrplglklo. Loh` Pbeylklrtl, Pbeylklrtl.
Ols`r, Ibf. >::4. Idtbhd Zdodc`t`lo. Eflc`l @ohbods`l, Glklrtl.Ibcdboe, C.G. >:. Idtbhd Zdodc`t`lo Kulc`tlt`m Hlo Kulot`tlt`m. ^dilgl ^bshlklryl,
Nlohuoe.
Que`ybob. >::1. Idtbhd Zdodc`t`lo Lhi`o`strlt`m h`cdoeklp` hdoelo Idtbhd ^&H.
Lcmlndtl, Nlohuoe.
Que`ybob. >::5. Idtbhd Zdodc`t`lo Kulc`tlt`m, Kulot`tlt`m hlo ^&H. Lcmlndtl,
Nlohuoe.
Que`ybob. >:. Qtlt`st`k uotuk Zdodc`t`lo. Lcmlndtl; Nlohuoe
Ulcuyb. >::1. Zdrplglklo @ohbods`l. Qlcdinl Diplt, Glklrtl.
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:::
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:::4 tdotloe
pdoelruf flrel hlo prbibs` tdrflhlp kdputuslo kbosuido idindc` sultu prbhuk
idoefls`cklo pdroyltllo nlfwl prbibs` t`hlk idoglh` tbclk ukur nle` kbosuido
uotuk idi`c`f nlrloe yloe h`tlwlrklo, tdtlp` yloe idoglh` mlktbr utlil hlcli
pdodotulo kdputuslo kbosuido hlcli idi`c`f prbhuk lhlclf flrel. Qdf`oeel hlplt
h`s`ipucklo nlfwl flrel sdnulf prbhuk sloelt ndrpdoelruf tdrflhlp kdputuslokbosuido. Flc `o` ndrtbclk ndclkloe hdoelo fls`c pdodc`t`lo yloe cl`ooyl h` ilol
prbibs` idindr`klo kbotr`nus` yloe ndslr tdrflhlp vbcuid pdogulclo sultu prbhuk
(Flrilotb, >::0).
>.>. Clohlslo Xdbr`
>.>.
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:
Zuslt ̂ `sdt Dkbobi` hlo Zdinloeuolo MD. TOQL
>.>.>. Zdrndhllo Nlok Qylr`lf hlo Nlok Kbovdos`bolcZlhl Nlok Qylr`lf kdhuhuklo funuoelo lotlrl Nlok hdoelo plrl kc`dooyl
lhlclf sdnlel` i`trl `ovdstbr hlo pdhleloe, sdlhloeklo plhl Nlok kbovdos`bolc plhluiuioyl, funuoelo lotlrl Nlok hldoelo kc`dooyllhlclf sdnlel` krdh`tur hlo
hdn`tur.hlcli ndndrlpl flc nlok kbovdos`bolc hlo Nlok Qylr`lf idi`c`k` pdrslillo,
tdrutlil hlcli s`s` tdko`s pdodr`lilo uloe, idklo`sid trlosmdr tdkobcbe` kbiputdr
yloe h`euolklo, sylrlt-sylrlt uiui idipdrbcdf pdin`lyllo hlo cl`o sdnlel`oyl.
Lklo tdtlp` tdrhlplt nloylk pdrndhllo idohlslr h`lotlrl kdhuloyl yl`tu (I.Qylm`‐`7
>::::.>.1. Kbosdp Nlok Qylr`lfQdalrl elr`s ndslr, dkbobi` ndrhlslrklo sylr`lf @scli h`tdotukklo bcdf
funuoelo lqlh (pdrglog`lo) yloe tdrh`r` hlr` c`il kbosdp lqlh . Ndrsuindr hlr` c`il
kbosdp `o` nlok sylr`lf hlplt idodrlpklo prbhuk-prbhuk cdinlel kduloelo nlok
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:.>.8. Zrbibs`
Hdm`o`s` prbibs` idourut Kbtcdr lhlclf Zrbibt`bo `oacuhds lcc tfd lat`v`t`ds tfd
abiploy uohdrtlkds tb abiiuo`altd loh prbibtd `ts prbhuat tfd tlredt ilrkdt .
Zrbibs` lhlclf sdiul kde`ltlo yloe h`clkuklo pdruslfllo uotuk idoekbiuo`kls`klo
hlo idiprbibs`klo prbhukoyl kdplhl plslr slslrlo. Qdhloeklo idourut Hglsc`i
Qlclh`o hlo Pdv`s Ilrty Bdsilo (>::>71) lhlclf sultu kbiuo`kls` `ombrils`
pdogulc hlo pdindc` yloe ndrtugulo uotuk idrunlf s`klp hlo t`olklf clku pdindc`,
yloe sdndcuioyl t`hlk idoedolc idoglh` idoedolc sdf`oeel idoglh` pdindc` hlo
idoe`oelt prbhuk tdrsdnut.
Zrbibs` idruplklo lclt kbiuo`kls` hlo pdoylipl`lo pdslo yloe h`clkuklo
nl`k bcdf pdruslfllo ilupuo pdrlotlrl hdoelo tugulo idindr`klo `ombrils` idoedol`
prbhuk, flrel hlo tdiplt. @ombrils` `tu ndrs`mlt idindr`tlfuklo, idinuguk,
idoe`oeltklo kdinlc` kdplhl kbosuido, plrl pdrlotlrl ltlu kbin`ols` kdhuloyl.
Hlcli prbibs` guel, tdrhlplt ndndrlpl uosur yloe idohukuoe glclooyl sdnulf
prbibs` tdrsdnut yloe n`lsl h`sdnut nlurlo prbibs`. Lhlpuo nlurlo prbibs` idourut
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:::8) lhlclf sdnlel` ndr`kut7 Zdr`kclolo ( Lhvdrt`s`oe ) ,
Zrbibs` Zdogulclo (Qlcds Zrbibt`bo), Funuoelo ilsylrlklt hlo Zunc`s`tls ( Zunc`a
^dclt`bo loh Zunc`a`ty), Zdogulclo Zdrsblolc ( Zdrsbolc Qdcc`oe ) , Zdilslrlo Cloesuoe( H`rdat Ilrkdt`oe ).
@@@. IDXBHDCBE@ ZDODC@X@LO
1.::
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >::::.144.:::,:: 885.=6.0.5.>
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:.1>>D6 =.>58D5 1.5:< .:8.>D6 + 81.150 V
Elhl` dils 9 >,1>>D6 + 81,150 n`lyl prbhuks`, Ndrhlslrklo plhl pdrslillo
tdrsdnut hlplt h`kdtlfu` lk`nlt yloe lklo tdrglh` tdrflhlp vbcuid pdogulclo. H`ilol,
sdt`lp tdrglh` pdo`oekltlo n`lyl prbibs` sdndslr ^p. < ilkl vbcuid pdogulclo lklo
ido`oeklt sdndslr ^p. 81,150. Zdrslillo `o` floyl h`euolklo uotuk idiprdh`ks`
nlel`ilol pdrkdinloelo elhl` dils yloe lklo h`pdrbcdf Nlok Qylr`lf Iloh`r` KAZ
Quinlwl plhl sllt n`lyl prbibs` idoelcli` pdrunlflo. Funuoelo muoes`bolc lotlrl
n`lyl prbibs` tdrflhlp pdrkdinloelo elhl` dils ndrnloh`oe sdlrlf, yl`tu lpln`cl
n`lyl prbibs` ol`k ilkl pdrkdinloelo elhl` dils guel lklo ol`k. Nde`tupuo
sdnlc`koyl, lpln`cl n`lyl prbibs` idoelcli` pdouruolo ilkl pdrkdinloelo elhl`dilspuo lklo `kut idouruo.
Ndrhlslrklo fls`c QZQQ mbr w`ohbws ]drs` >:.: h`pdrbcdf o`cl` t f`tuoe sdndslr
9 =, lhlclf sdndslr >.885.
Qdclogutoyl o`cl` t f`tuoe tdrsdnut h`nloh`oeklo hdoelo o`cl` t μ hdoelo kr`tdr`l
sdnlel` ndr`kut 7
. F: h`tbclk (Fl h`tdr`il), g`kl tf`tuoe ? tμ
Hdoelo hdi`k`lo, tf`tuoe (.885), lrt`oyl Fl h`tbclk hlo F:h`tdr`il. Ltlu ndrhlslrklo t`oeklt s`eo`m`klos`, h` ilol o`cl` s`e(:.1) ? μ (:.:4)
sdf`oeel hlplt h`oyltlklo nlfwl n`lyl prbibs` t`hlk ndrpdoelruf sdalrl s`eo`m`klo
tdrflhlp pdrkdinloelo elhl` dils.
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:::5. Zdrnloklo Qylr`lf h` @ohbods`l. TEI Zrdss,
Pbeylklrtl.
Lh`wlrilo L. Klr`i. >::=. Nlok @scli; Lolc`s`s m`q`f hlo kduloelo. Dh`s` t`el. ^lgl
Erlm`ohb Zdrslhl, Glklrtl.
Lfilh Ebzlc`. >::4. Qdrnl-Qdrn` Krdh`t Qylr`lf; Gloelo Lhl Nuoel H` Lotlrl
K`tl. ZX Dcdx Idh`l Kbiput`ohb, Glklrtl.
Lohr`lt`, ^`zky. >:. Ilolgdido ^`s`kb.Ilglclf Qflr`oe. Er`yl Alflyl, Glklrtl.
Lotbo`b, Iufliilh Qylm`‐`. >:::::. Idilkol` Kdrgl. Zdrpustlkllo NQI, Glklrtl.
Fdr` Quhlrsbob. >::1. Nlok hlo Kduloelo Qylr`lf. Zdodrn`t Dkbobs`l, Pbeylklrtl.
Klsi`r. >::5. Nlok hlo Cdinlel Kduloelo Cl`o. ZX ^lgl Erlm`ohb Zdrslhl,
Glklrtl.
Kbtcdr, Zf`c`p hlo Listrboe, Elry. >::
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >::
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:.::1
h`w`clylf Glwl Nlrlt Klnupltdo Nlohuoe. Qdidotlrl Zdodc`t`lo `o` h`clkuklo h`
pdruslfllo glsl kbostruks` ZX Iltr`x Zr`iltlil Nlohuoe. Zdodc`t` sdndcuioyl t`hlk
idogdclsklo tdotloe kcls`m`kls` ]lr`lndc, plhl nle`lo Idtbhbcbe` pdodc`t`lo hlo t`hlk
idoalotuiklo pdodc`t` sdndcuioyl.Oliuo pdodc`t`lo sdndcuioyl idiuhlfklo
pdodc`t`lo sdnlel` laulo uotuk idoyusuo fls`c pdodc`t`lo ltlupuo idipdrbcdf hltl
sdkuohdr. Zdodc`t`lo `o` idoeeuolklo vlr`lndc hdpdohdo hlo `ohdpdohdot hlo fls`coyl
Dmdkt`v`tls ibhlc kdrgl, kulc`tls tdolel kdrgl hlo kdilipulo ilolgdr`lc ndrpdoelruf pbs`t`m tdrflhlp prbhuks` uslfl Zdruslfllo Glsl Zdclkslol Kbostruks` ZX Iltr`x
Zr`iltlil Nlohuoe’. Qdolgutoyl Zdodc`t`lo sdndcuioyl bcdf Drw`o ^bidc hdoelo
guhuc Klrlktdr`st`k Zlv`oe Ncbak M`od Ablrsd Lerdelt Hdoelo Zdindr`lo ]lr`ls`
Zrdss`oe Zlhl Zrbsds Zdinultlooyl, Qkr`ps` Guruslo Xdko`k Q`p`c TII. Qdidotlrl
pdodc`t`lo `o` h`clkuklo h` Fbid @ohustr` A]. ^lgl Klryl, Xloeeucloe`o-Q`hblrgb.
Fls`coyl lhlclf Zdindr`lo prdss`oe plhl pdinultlo plv`oe sdalrl cloesuoe (mucc-
prdss`oe) idindr`klo pdrndhllo fls`c kult tdklo ndrk`slr .>. Clohlslo Xdbr`
>.>.
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:
Zuslt ̂ `sdt Dkbobi` hlo Zdinloeuolo MD. TOQL
uotuk pdrtuinuflo kdndrcloesuoelo pdruslfllo hlcli gloekl plogloe. Lpln`cl
pdruslfllo kdkurloelo ibhlc kdrgl uotuk idipdrculs pdogulclo hlo ido`oekltklo
prbhuks`oyl, ilkl ndslr kdiuoek`olo lklo kdf`cloelo pdohlpltlo hlo kduotuoelosdrtl idipdoelruf` prbhuks` uslfl’
Nlinloe ^`ylotb (
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >::
Abdmm`a`dotsl
Ibhdc
Tostlohlrh`zdh Abdmm`a`dotsQtlohlrh`zdhAbdmm`a`dots
t Q`e.N Qth. Drrbr Ndtl
< (Abostlot) =1:.81:
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:86,>=)
Idruplklo `otdrprdtls` kdtdpltlo pdrk`rllo yloe idouogukklo sdndrlpl ndslr
pdrsdotlsd vlr`ls` vlr`lndc pdogdcls hlplt idogdclsklo vlr`ls` vlr`lndc yloe h`gdclsklo.
Flc tdrsdnut sdnlel`ilol tdrc`flt hlcli tlndc >.< h`nlwlf `o` 7
Xlndc >.
Kbdm`s`do Hdtdri`ols`
Ibhdc Quiilryn
Ibhdc ^ ^ QqulrdLhgustdh ^
Qqulrd
Qth. Drrbr bm tfd
Dst`iltd
Hurn`o-
Ultsbo
< . =>
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:::
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:::
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:< V1 + d.
Xdrhlplt pdoelruf yloe s`eo`m`klo vlr`lndc ibt`vls`, kdh`s`pc`olo hlo pdoelclilo
kdrgl tdrflhlp dtbs kdrgl klrylwlo Kbpdrls` To`t Hdsl Kdohlc`sbhb Xlwloeflrgb
sdalrl plrs`lc hlo s`iuctlo.
Zdodc`t`lo guel h`clkuklo bcdf Lr`stl ^ltolo`oerui (>::6) hdoelo guhuc pdodc`t`lo7 Zdoelruf Elyl Kdpdi`ip`olo, Ibt`vls` Kdrgl Hlo pdohlpltlo Klrylwlo
Xdrflhlp K`odrgl Klrylwlo A]. Quryl Zusp`tl Kcltdo. ]lr`lncd ndnls hlcli pdodc`t`lo
`o` lhlclf elyl kdpdi`ip`olo (V), hlo pdohlpltlo klrylwlo (V1)
kdiuh`lo yloe idoglh` vlr`lncd tdr`kltoyl lhlclf k`odrgl klrylwlo (P). Lhlpuo tugulo
hlr` pdodc`t`lo tdrsdnut yl`tu7 Totuk idoedtlfu` lplklf elyl kdpdi`ip`olo, ibt`vls`
kdrgl hlo pdohlpltlo klrylwlo idi`c`k` pdoelruf yloe s`eo`m`klo tdrflhlp k`odrgl
klrylwlo. Lclt lolc`s`s yloe h`euolklo plhl pdodc`t`lo `o` yl`tu hdoelo lolc`s`s
^derds` Ndrelohl hdoelo idoeeuolklo ug` t hlo ug` m. Fls`c pdodc`t`lo idouogukklo
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:::6) idoelin`c guhuc 7 Lolc`sl ZdoelrufZrbibs` Xuels, Ibt`vls` Kdrgl, Hlo Kdpulslo Kdrgl Xdrflhlp dtbs kdrgl Zdelwl` H`
ZHLI Klrloeloylr. ]lr`lncd ndnls hlcli pdodc`t`lo `o` lhlclf prbibs` tuels (V), hlo kdpulslo kdrgl (V1) kdiuh`lo yloe idoglh` vlr`lncd tdr`kltoyl
lhlclf dtbs kdrgl (P). Xugulo hlr` pdodc`t`lo tdrsdnut lhlclf Totuk idoedtlfu` lplklf
sdalrl s`iuctlo hlo plrs`lc prbibs` tuels, ibt`vls` kdrgl, hlo kdpulsslo kdrgl idi`c`k`
pdoelruf yloe s`eo`m`klo tdrflhlp dtbs kdrgl. Lclt lolc`s`s yloe h`euolklo plhl
pdodc`t`lo `o` yl`tu hdoelo lolc`s`s ^derds` Ndrelohl hdoelo idoeeuolklo ug` t hlo ug`
m. Fls`c pdodc`t`lo idouogukklo nlfwl vlr`lndc prbibs` tuels, ibt`vls` kdrgl hlo
kdpulslo kdrgl ndrpdoelruf pbs`t`m hlo s`eo`m`klo tdrflhlp dtbs kdrgl pdelwl` h`
ZHLI Klrloeloylr, nl`k sdalrl plrs`lc ilupuo sdalrl s`iuctlo.
>.>. Clohlslo Xdbr`
>.>.::1), yl`tu 7
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:
Zuslt ̂ `sdt Dkbobi` hlo Zdinloeuolo MD. TOQL
Idtbhd `o` lhlclf yloe plc`oe sdhdrflol hlo tdrtul hlcli idclkuklo dvlculs`
tuels. Xlflp lwlc hlr` idtbhd `o` lhlclf idclkuklo pdidr`oekltlo tuels ltlu
pdkdrgllo uotuk sdt`lp h`v`s` ltlu hdplrtdido. Zdidr`oekltlo hlplt h`clkuklo ndrhlslrklo url`lo hlo spds`m`kls` sdrtl pdrsylrltlo tuels. Hlcli flc `o` flrus
h`tdtlpklo lpl tuels ltlu pdkdrgllo yloe plc`oe suklr slipl` yloe plc`oe iuhlf.
I`slcoyl uotuk h`v`s` ltlu hdplrtdido pdogulclo, pdr`oeklt tuelsoyl lhlclf
ilolgdr pdogulclo, kdplcl alnloe, supdrv`sbr pdogulclo, kdplcl nle`lo lhi`o`strls`
pdogulclo, slcdsilo, stlm lhi`o`strsl` pdogulclo. H`v`s` ltlu hdplrtdido cl`ooyl
guel flrus idoyusuo pdido`oekltlo sdrupl uotuk tuels-tuels ltlu pdkdrgllo h`
h`v`s`oyl ils`oe-ils`oe. Qdtdclf sdiul h`v`s` idoydrlfklo pdidr`oekltlo
tuelsoyl, ilkl h`tuoguk sultu kbi`td uotuk idodotuklo rlok`oe ltlu pdr`oeklt
tuels uotuk sdcuruf pdruslfllo. N`lsloyl kbi`td `o` tdrh`r` hlr` pdrwlk`clo sdt`lp
h`v`s`. Kbi`td idipdclglr` sdrtl idinloh`oeklo sdt`lp tuels hlo kdiuh`lo
idodtlpklo pdr`oekltoyl. Hlcli flc `o` n`sl slgl tdrglh` nlfwl sltu ltlu cdn`ftuels ndrlhl hlcli pdr`oeklt yloe slil, i`slcoyl supdrv`sbr lhi`o`strls`
pdogulclo, kdplcl nle`lo uiui hlo supdrv`sbr prbhuks` idi`c`k` pdr`oeklt tuels
yloe slil. Fls`c kbi`td kdiuh`lo h`glh`klo hlslr uotuk idodtlpklo ebcboelo
pdoeelg`lo.
Idtbhd `o` sloelt sdhdrflol hlo floyl sdsul` uotuk brelo`sls` kda`c hdoelo tuels
yloe t`hlk tdrclcu nloylk. Hlcli kboh`s` `o` ils`f h`iuoek`oklo lhloyl ndndrlpl
brloe yloe aukup idoedtlfu` hlo idoeulsl` sdiul gdo`s pdkdrglllo yloe lhl h`
brelo`sls` tdrsdnut. Qdnlc`koyl, g`kl brelo`sls` pdruslfllo aukup ndslr, lklo suklr
uotuk idoedtlfu` hlo idoeulsl` pdkdrgllo yloe lhl, sdf`oeel hlplt h`plst`klo
fls`coyl lklo kurloe tdc`t` hlo hlplt ido`inucklo kdrdslflo h` klcloelo pdkdrgl.
>)
Zl`rdh Abiplr`sbo Idtfbh
Idtbhd `o` idruplklo ndotuk cl`o hlr` rlok`oe idtfbh , floyl plhl idtbhd `o`
tdclf h`clkuklo pdinbnbtlo sdalrl sdhdrflol uotuk sdt`lp pdkdrgllo hdoelo
idinloh`oeklooyl tdrflhlp kdsdcuruflo pdkdrgllo yloe lhl h` sultu brelo`sls`.
Glh` plhl idtbhd `o` sdt`lp tuels h`nloh`oeklo hdoelo sdcuruf tuels cl`ooyl yloe
lhl hlcli brelo`sls` tdrsdnut, kdiuh`lo h`ndr` o`cl` ltlu nbnbt hdoelo kdtdotulo,
o`cl` : g`kl tuels tdrsdnut cdn`f rdohlf nbnbtoyl hlr`plhl tuels yloe
h`pdrnloh`oeklo, o`cl` < g`kl tuels tdrsdnut slil nbnbtoyl hdoelo tuels yloe
h`pdrnloh`oeklo, hlo o`cl` > g`kl tuels tdrsdnut cdn`f t`oee` nbnbtoyl hlr` tuels
yloe h`pdrnloh`oeklo.Qdcuruf o`cl` nbnbt yloe h`pdrbcdf sultu tuels h`guiclfklo uotuk idohlpltklo
o`cl` nbnbt lkf`royl. Olot`oyl sdtdclf sdcuruf tuels idohlpltklo o`cl` nbnbt lkf`r,
ilkl h`nult pdr`oeklt tuels hlr` tuels yloe o`cl`oyl tdrt`oee` slipl` yloe
tdrdohlf.
Qdpdrt` flcoyl hdoelo rlok`oe idtfbh , plhl idtbhd `o` pdidr`oekltlo guel
h`clkuklo bcdf sultu t`i ltlu kbi`td yloe tdrh`r` hlr` pdrwlk`clo sdt`lp
hdplrtdido ltlu h`v`s` hlo brloe-brloe yloe idoedtlfu` gdo`s-gdo`s pdkdrgllo
yloe lhl h` hlcli pdruslfllo. Fls`c lolc`sl tuels sdpdrt` url`lo tuels, spds`m`kls`
tuels sdrtl pdrsylrltlo tuels guel lklo sloelt idinlotu hlcli idodtlpklo
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:.>.>. ZdohlpltloZdohlpltlo obi`olc lhlclf pdohlpltlo yloe h`ukur hlcli uo`t ibodtdr pdr
pdr`bhd wlktu, ndrlpl nloylk rup`lf pdr i`oeeu, pdr nuclo ltlu pdr tlfuo. Zdohlpltlo
r`dc lhlclf hlyl ndc` pdohlpltlo uloeoyl, `o` lhlclf kulot`tls nlrloe hlo glsl yloe
hlplt h`ndc` hdoelo pdohlpltlo obi`olc. G`kl flrel obi`olc tdtlp kbostlo, sdt`lp
pdrunlflo pdohlpltlo obi`olc lklo idoydnlnklo pdrunlflo yloe sdsul` hdoelo
pdohlpltlo r`dcoyl. Lklo tdtlp`, g`kl flrel obi`olc ndrunlf, pdohlpltlo r`dc hlo
pdohlpltlo obi`olc t`hlk ndrunlf hdoelo prbpbrs` yloe slil. ( Ulslol hlo
K`rnrlohbkb, ::1). Lhl ndndrlpl s`stdi
pdoeelg`lo pdelwl` yloe h`clkuklo pdruslfllo pdrkdnuolo uotuk idoa`ptlkl kdlh`clo
hlcli idoeflrel` fls`c kdrgl pdelwl`oyl hdi` kdilgulo pdruslfllo pdrkdnuolo.
Lhlpuo s`stdi pdoeelg`lo yloe h`euolklo lhlclf (Q`iloguotlk, >::5)7
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:. Idindr`klo s`stdi prdi` sdcl`o elg` tdtlp.1. Idindr`klo s`stdi nbous hlr` kduotuoelo pdruslfllo sdt`lp lkf`r tlfuo.
8. Q`stdi pdoeelg`lo guel hlplt h`tlinlf hdoelo tuogloelo cl`o lotlrl cl`o7 uloecdinur, `osdot`m, pdrlwltlo kdsdfltlo hlo pdoebnltlo, glisbstdk, uloe pdos`uo,
nlotulo pdruilflo, altu ndrls hlo flk aut`.
Totuk ido`oekltklo dtbs kdrgl pdelwl` ilkl h`ndr`klo tlinlflo pdohlpltlo
h`culr elg` tdtlp yloe ndrupl `osdot`m hlo prdi`. @osdot`m lhlclf pdoeflrello kdplhl
pdelwl` ltls sdelcl gdr`f plylfoyl hlcli ido`oekltklo tuels h`culr elg` yloe h`tdr`il
sdt`lp nuclo hdoelo ndslrlo yloe hlplt ndrunlf-unlf sdsul` hdoelo fls`c k`odrgloyl.
Zdindr`lo elg` pbkbk flrus hlplt idinult pdkdrgl idrlsl lilo oliuo t`hlk ilipu
idindr`klo ibt`vls`. Tplf yloe h`kl`tklo hdoelo k`odrgl `osdot`m h`kltlklo ilipu
idindr`klo ibt`vls` uotuk ido`oekltklo prbhukt`v`tls (Zloeelndlo,>::>). @osdot`m
idruplklo sultu prberli yloe h`clkslolklo pdruslfllo uotuk hlplt idrloesloe
pdelwl` uotuk ido`oekltklo prbhukt`v`tls hlcli prbsds prbhuks`. Tloe `osdot`m lhlclfh`culr uloe/uplf yloe h`tdr`il pdelwl`. Klrdol plhl hlslroyl uplf pdelwl` yloe
slil kdhuhuklooyl lhlclf slil, lklo tdtlp` `inlclo yloe h`tdr`il pdelwl` sdt`lp
nuclooyl lhlclf ndrndhl (Olsut`bo,>:::). Hlslr utlil hlcli pdindr`lo `osdot`m
lhlclf ndruplyl ido`oekltkloibt`vls` pdkdrgl lelr idrdkl ilu ndkdrgl hdoelo
prbhukt`v`tls yloe t`oee`.
Hdoelo lsuis` nlfwl pdkdrgl hlcli flc `o` n`sl h`ibt`vls` hdoelo uloe, ilkl
pdindr`lo `osdot`m nlru lklo idindr`klo fls`c yloe h`flrlpklo n`clilol 1 mlktbr
tdrsdnut h`nlwlf `o` tdclf h`pdrt`inloeklo ndolr-ndolr plhl sllt kdn`glkslollo
pdindr`lo `osdot`m lklo h`tdtlpklo yl`tu7 Ndslroyl nbous/`osdot`m yloe h`ndr`klo,
Mrdkudos` pdindr`lo nbous/`osdot`m hlo Qdt`lp yloe ndrflk idodr`il (erbup ltlu
`oh`v`hulc nbous).
Kbipdosls` hlcli ndotuk `osdot`m idruplklo sultu ndotuk n`lyl yloe flrus
h`kdculrklo bcdf pdruslfllo hdoelo flrlplo nlfwl pdruslfllo lklo idipdrbcdf
`inlclo hlcli ndotuk prdstls` kdrgl hlr` pdelwl`oyl (Qbmyloh`, >::6). Zrdi` lhlclf
pdohlpltlo yloe h`pdrbcdf pdkdrgl lpln`cl tdclf idclipu` nltls kdtdotulo yloe
h`tdtlpklo pdoeuslfl. Qdsdbrloe yloe ndkdrgl idcdn`f` kdwlg`nlooyl ndrflk
idipdrbcdf prdi`. Hdoelo h`ndr`klooyl prdi` ilkl pdelwl` pdohdrds idohlpltklo
tlinlflo pdoefls`clo h`culr elg`. Zrdi` tdrh`r` hlr` 7
. Zrdi` Qlhlp I`oeeu1. Zrdi` Zdoelwls Zlodo (ZXZO @@@ Kdnuo Q`clu Huo`l)
>.>.1. Dtbs kdrgl
>.>.1.
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:::>7 >), kdrgl lhlclf sultu lkt`v`tls
yloe h`clkuklo sdsdbrloe uotuk idoalpl` tugulo-tugulo yloe `oe`o h`pdouf`oyl. Dtbs
kdrgl idourut Aflpc`o (>::::>) idoeltlklo nlfwl dtbs kdrgl idruplklo sultu tbtlc`tls
kdpr`nlh`lo hlr` `oh`v`hu sdrtl alrl `oh`v`hu idoedksprds`klo, idilohloe, idylk`o`
hlo idindr`klo ilkol tdrflhlp sultu yloe idohbrboe `oh`v`hu uotuk ndrt`ohlk hlo
idrl`f fls`c yloe bpt`ilc ( f`ef pdrmbriload ). Ndrp`glk plhl pdoedrt`lo nlfwl dtbs
kdrgl idoeelinlrklo sultu s`klp, ilkl hlplt h`tdelsklo nlfwl dtbs kdrgl
idoelohuoe ilkol sdnlel` lspdk dvlcult`m yloe h`i`c`k` bcdf `oh`v`hu ( kdcbipbk )
hlcli idindr`klo pdo`cl`lo tdrflhlp kdrgl.
Ndrhlslrklo url`lo-url`lo h` ltls hlplt h`s`ipucklo nlfwl dtbs kdrgl lhlclf
tbtlc`tls kdpr`nlh`lo h`r` `oh`v`hu sdrtl alrl `oh`v`hu idoedksprds`klo, idilohloe,
idylk`o` sultu pdkdrgllo sdf`oeel idoglh` kdn`lsllo yloe idoglh` a`r` kfls uotuk
ndrt`ohlk hlo idrl`f fls`c kdrgl yloe bpt`ilc. Qdcl`o `tu hlr` url`lo h`ltls tdrhlplt
ndndrlpl pdoedrt`lo dtbs kdrgl, lotlrl cl`o 7
. Dtbs kdrgl idruplklo pdr`clku kfls sultu kbiuo`tls ltlu brelo`sls`, idoalkupibt`vls` yloe idoeedrlkklo, klrlktdr`st`k utlil, sp`r`t hlslr, p`k`rlo hlslr, kbhd
dt`k, kbhd ibrlc, kbhd pdr`clku, s`klp-s`klp, lsp`rls`-lsp`rls`, kdylk`olo-kdylk`olo,
pr`os`p-pr`os`p, stlohlr-stlohlr.1. Qdf`ipuolo pdr`clku pbs`t`m yloe clf`r sdnlel` nulf kdylk`olo muohlidotlc hlokbi`tido tbtlc plhl sdf`ipuolo plrlh`eil kdrgl yloe `otderlc.
>.>.1.>. Lspdk-Lspdk Zdoeukurlo Dtbs KdrglZlrlh`eil kdrgl yloe prbmds`bolc idourut Glosdo Q`olib hlcli @el Iloult`
Hdw` (>::4) lotlrl cl`o lhlclf7
l. Kdrgl lhlclf rlfilt 7 Flrus ndkdrgl tucus pdouf syukur n. Kdrgl lhlclf lilolf 7 Flrus ndkdrgl ndolr pdouf `otder`tlsa. Kdrgl lhlclf ploee`clo 7 Flrus ndkdrgl tuotls pdouf tloeeuoe glwln
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:.>.1.1. O`cl`-O`cl` Hlcli Dtbs Kdrgl
Hlyl hbrboe nle` pdoh`s`pc`olo glglrlo kdrgl h`ndr`klo bcdf Fdrzndre. Hlslr
nle` elelslooyl lhlclf mlktbr-mlktbr yloe ididouf` kdnutuflo brloe lklo
pdrtuinuflo ps`kbcbe`s, kfususoyl tloeeuoe glwln hlo dtbs kdrgl uotuk idoalpl`
tugulo yloe dmdkt`m. Hlcli nuku ’Ilous`l @ohbods`l’ klryl Ibaftlr Cun`s,
h`uoeklpklo lhloyl klrlktdr`st`k dtbs kdrgl tdrtdotu yloe h`i`c`k` bcdf nloesl
@ohbods`l. Ndndrlpl h`lotlrl a`r`-a`r` `tu lhlclf 7 Iuolm`k , X`hlk ndrtloeeuoe glwln,
Mdbhlc , Zdralyl plhl tlkflyuc hlo Cdilf wltlkoyl. Ndc`lu t`hlk sdoh`r`lo, sdguiclf
pdi`k`r ltlu nuhlylwlo cl`o idoyltlklo flc-flc yloe sdrupl. I`slcoyl, lhl yloe
idoydnut nlfwl nloesl @ohbods`l idi`c`k` ‐nuhlyl cbyb‐, hlo nloylk cle`.
@@@. KD^LOEKL KBOQDZXTLCTotuk cdn`f idipdriuhlf pdilflilo hlcli idipdclglr` hlo idclkuklo
pdodc`t`lo `o`, ilkl h`pdrcuklo sultu kdrloekl pdi`k`rlo yloe gdcls. Elinlr ndr`kut
idouogukklo kdrloekl pdi`k`rlo hlcli pdodc`t`lo `o`.
Elinlr )
Dvlculs` tuels (V
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:61 brloe, fbobrdr 0 brloe, kbotrlk 05 brloe, hlo suklrdcl 6< brloe. Hdoelo
idoeeuolklo ruius scbv`o ilkl slipdc hlcli pdodc`t`lo ndrguiclf 58 brloe.
8.1. Idtbhd Zdoeuipuclo Hltl::8). Hlcli flc `o` pdodc`t` idclkuklo bnsdrvls` h` ^QT Quinlwl
Ndslr.
>. Kuds`bodrPl`tu hdoelo glclo idoydnlrklo hlmtlr pdrtloyllo kdplhl rdspbohdo uotuk
idohlpltklo hltl (Fusl`o Tilr, >::8). Zdodc`t` idinult hlmtlr pdrtloyllo
uotuk ku`s`bodr ndrhlslrklo `oh`kltbr ‑ `oh`kltbr vlr`lndc pdodc`t`lo, yloe ilol
hlmtlr pdrtloyllo ltlu ku`s`bodr tdrsdnut h`sdnlrklo kdplhl rdspbohdo yl`tu
pdelwl` ^uilf Qlk`t Tiui Klnupltdo Quinlwl uotuk h`glwln.
1. Zdoaltltlo hbkuido Pl`tu idoalr` hlo idoeuipucklo hltl idoedol` flc-flc yloe ndrupl altltlo,
ledohl hlo sdnlel`oyl (Lr`kuotb, >::=7, Z`c`flo sloelt t`hlk sdtugu h`ndr` skbr <
8.8.
Kcls`m`kls` ]lr`lndc::8), yloe tdrilsuk vlr`lndc ndnls hlcli pdodc`t`lo
`o` lhlclf 7
l. Dvlculs` tuels (V).
>. ]lr`lndc tdr`klt (vlr`lncd hdpdohdot) lhlclf vlr`lndc yloe h`pdoelruf` vlr`lndccl`o (Fusl`o Tilr, >::8). Hlcli pdodc`t`lo `o` yloe idoglh` vlr`lndc tdr`klt
lhlclf Dtbs kdrgl Zdelwl` (P).
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:. Zdohlpltlo, Zdohlpltlo lhlclf guiclf elg` ltlu uplf yloe h`tdr`il bcdf pdelwl`^uilf Qlk`t Tiui Klnupltdo Quinlwl, hdoelo `oh`kltbr ‑ `oh`kltbr idourut
Q`ilibrl (>::87 884) yloe hlplt h`ukur idclcu`7 Zrbhukt`m`tls, @osdot`m hlso
Mls`c`tls
1. Dtbs kdrgl, Dtbs kdrgl lhlclf fls`c kdrgl yloe h`alpl` bcdf pdelwl` ^uilf Qlk`t
Tiui Klnupltdo Quinlwl yloe h`o`cl` bcdf p`ip`olo ^uilf Qlk`t TiuiKlnupltdo Quinlwl. Idourut Xlsilrl (>::>), dtbs kdrgl hlplt h`ukur idclcu`
ndndrlpl `oh`kltbr yl`tu lotlrl cl`o sdnlel` ndr`kut7 Idoeflrel` wlktu, Xloeeuf
hlo plotloe idoydrlf, Kd`oe`olo uotuk iloh`r` hlo Zdoydsul`lo
8.=. Xdkfo`k Lolc`sl HltlTg` Lolc`s`s idoeeuolklo ^derds` C`o`dr Ndrelohl, Lolc`s`s rderds` ndrelohl
h`euolklo uotuk idinult prdh`ks` ndslroyl o`cl` vlr`lndc hdpdohdo (P) ndrhlslrklo
o`cl` vlr`lndc `ohdpdohdo (V). Totuk idoedtlfu` pdoelruf vlr`lndc ndnls tdrflhlp
vlr`lndc tdr`klt hdoelo idoeeuolklo pdrslillo elr`s rderds`, (Hglrwlotb hlo
Qunleyb, >:::7 1:0). Mbriucls`oyl lhlclf sdnlel` ndr`kut7
P 9 l + xn + d
P 9 Dtbs Kdrgl
l 9 Kbostlotl
n 9 Kbdm`s`do rderds`
V< 9 Dvlculs` tuels
V> 9 Zdohlpltlo
d 9 Drrbr h`sturnload
]. FLQ@C LOLC@Q@Q HLO ZDINLFLQLO
4.
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:) 9 =6 plhl μ 9 4% yl`tu
:,>14>. G`kl r f`tuoe cdn`f ndslr hlr` r tlndc ilkl kuds`bodr h`kltlklo vlc`h hlo
sdnlc`koyl g`kl r f`tuoe cdn`f kda`c hlr` r tlndc ilkl kuds`bodr tdrsdnut h`kltlklo t`hlkvlc`h sdnlel` `ostruido pdodc`t`lo. Lhlpuo fls`c ug` tdrsdnut lhlclf sdnlel` ndr`kut7
Xlndc ]lc`h
> :,1=< :,>14> ]lc`h
1 :,88= :,>14> ]lc`h
Quindr7 Hltl pr`idr h`bclf
Xlndc >.
Fls`c Tg` ]lc`h`tls Zdrtloyllo tdotloe Zdohlpltlo
]lr`lndc @tdi r f`tuoe r tlndc Kdt
V>7 Zdohlpltlo < :,114> ]lc`h
> :,4:5 :,>14> ]lc`h
1 :,45= :,>14> ]lc`h
Quindr7 Hltl pr`idr h`bclf
Xlndc 1.
Fls`c Tg` ]lc`h`tls Zdrtloyllo tdotloe Dtbs Kdrgl
]lr`lndc @tdi r f`tuoe r tlncd Kdt
P7 Dtbs Kdrgl < :,614> ]lc`h
> :,=1= :,>14> ]lc`h
1 :,=00 :,>14> ]lc`h8 :,540 :,>14> ]lc`h
Quindr7 Hltl pr`idr h`bclf
Fls`c tdrsdnut h` ltls idouogukklo nlfwl nut`r-nut`r ku`s`bodr hlcli pdodc`t`lo
`o` lhlclf vlc`h flc `o` h`tuogukklo hdoelo o`cl` r f`tuoe plhl ils`oe-ils`oe `tdi cdn`f
ndslr hlr` r tlndc (:,>14>), lrt`oyl sdcuruf nut`r pdrtloyllo hlplt h`euolklo sdnlel`
`ostruido pdodc`t`lo.
4.. Tg` ^dc`ln`c`tlsTg` rdc`ln`c`tls h`clkuklo uotuk idoedtlfu` sdgluf ilol fls`c pdoeukurlo tdtlp
kbos`stdo lpln`cl h`clkuklo pdoeukurlo hul klc` ltlu cdn`f tdrflhlp bnydk yloe slilhdoelo lclt ukur yloe slil. Qdclogutoyl uotuk idoedtlfu` rdc`ln`c`tls hlr` pdrtloyllo-
pdrtloyllo hlcli kuds`bodr, h`euolklo tdko`k Arbonlaf‐s Lcpfl. Qultu `ostruidot
h`loeelp rdc`lndc, lpln`cl kbdm`s`do lcpfl h` ltls :,=. Fls`c pdoeug`lo rdc`ln`c`tls
tdrflhlp sdcuruf `tdi pdrtloyllo h`pdrbcdf o`cl` Arbonlaf Lcpfl yl`tu sdndslr :,681
ilkl cdn`f ndslr :,= sdf`oeel hlplt h`s`ipucklo nlfwl sdcuruf `tdi pdrtloyllo
pdodc`t`lo `o` tdclf ididouf` sylrlt rdc`ln`c`tls ltlu hdoelo kltl cl`o nlfwl kuds`bodr
`o` rdc`lndc sdnlel` `ostruido pdodc`t`lo.
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >::::1). Zdoy`iploelo lsuis` kcls`k `o` klrdol
lhloyl Iuct`kbc`o`dr`tls hlcli ibhdc rderds` yloe h`fls`cklo. Lrt`oyl lotlr vlr`lndc
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:
Zuslt ̂ `sdt Dkbobi` hlo Zdinloeuolo MD. TOQL
`ohdpdohdo yloe tdrhlplt hlcli ibhdc idi`c`k` funuoelo yloe sdipurol ltlu
idohdklt` sdipurol. Alrl uotuk idoeug` t`hlk lhloyl Iuct`kbc`o`dr`tls hlplt h`c`flt
plhl Xbcdrload ]lcud ltlu ]lr`load @omclot`bo Mlktbr (]@M). Xlndc 8.4 h` ltlsidouogukklo nlfwl o`cl` ]@M vlr`lndc kurloe hlr` o`cl`
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:,>4>. Fls`c hlr` ug` stlt`st`k Hurn`o Ultsbo (U`hlrgbob, Leus,
>::571 Lrt`oyl lpln`cl dvlculs` tuels hlo pdohlpltlo
h`lsuis`klo t`hlk lhl ilkl dtbs kdrgl lklo turuo sdndslr :,1>1, Kbdm`s`do rderds` (n,>4> 8- hT 8- hC 8
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:) 9 :,5=5 Lrt`oyllpln`cl pdohlpltlo cdn`f nl`k, ilkl dtbs kdrgl pdelwl` lklo ido`oeklt sdndslr :,5=5
sltulo hdoelo lsuis` vlr`lncd cl`o tdtlp. O`cl` n> ndrtlohl pbs`t`m, sdf`oeel lpln`cl
pdohlpltlo cdn`f nl`k idoydnlnklo ido`oekltoyl dtbs kdrgl pdelwl` hlo sdnlc`koyl.
4.
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:::1, Ilolgdido Quindr Hlyl Zdruslfllo, ^lgl Erlm`ohb Zdrslhl.
^bnn`os, Qtdpfdo Z., .
Zrdoflcc`ohb, Glklrtl.
Qlotbsb, Q`oee`f. >:::. Idoebclf Hltl Qtlt`st`k Qdalrl Zrbmds`bolc . ZX. Dcdidxh`l
Kbiput`ohb, Glklrtl.
Que`ybob, ::1. Idtbhd ^`sdt N`so`s. ZX. Erlidh`l Zustlkl Ttlil, Glklrtl.
Lr`kuotb, Q. >::=. Idtbhdcbe` Zdodc`t`lo. N`il Lkslrl, Pbeylklrtl.
U`hlrgbob, Leus. >::5. Dkbobidt`kl Xdbr` hlo Lpc`kls` uotuk Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s.
Dkbo`s`l, Pbeylklrtl.
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:::::
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:::
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:.::6) hdoelo guhuc
K`odrgl Zdoedcbcllo Kduloelo Hldrlf Loeelrlo Zdohlpltlo hlo Ndclogl Hldrlf h`
Zrbp`os` Quiltdrl Nlrlt. Xugulo pdodc`t`lo `o` lhlclf uotuk idoeukur k`odrgl
pdoedcbcllo kduloelo hldrlf Loeelrlo Zdohlpltlo hlo Ndclogl Hldrlf h` Zrbp`os`
Quiltdrl Nlrlt. Lclt lolc`s`s yloe h`euolklo hlcli pdodc`t`lo `o` idoeeuolklo
pdohdkltlo kulc`tlt`m hdoelo idoeeuolklo rls`b kduloelo yloe idc`put` lolc`s`s
vlr`los (sdc`s`f) loeelrlo pdohlpltlo, ndclogl, pdrtuinuflo pdohlpltlo, ndclogl hlo
hdrlglt hdsdotrlc`sls`. Fls`c pdodc`lt`lo `o` h`kdtlfu` nlfwl prbp`os` Quiltdrl Nlrlt
hlcli idrdlc`sls`klo pdohlpltlo plhl tlfuo >::1->::= hlplt h`kltlklo dmdkt`m hlo
dm`s`dos` hlo pdrtuinuflo pdohlpltlo idouogukklo pdrtuinuflo pbs`t`m. Zlhl tlfuo
>::1->::= Zrbp`os` Quiltdrl Nlrlt ils`f tdrelotuoe plhl pdidr`otlf puslt sdf`oeel pdoydcdoelrllo hdsdotrlc`sls` ils`f rdohlf.
H`olrslot` (>:= sdf`oeel
tdrilsuk k`odrgl aukup nl`k. K`odrgl hdoelo o`cl` tdrt`oee` lhl plhl k`odrgl kduloelo.
Qdhloeklo k`odrgl yloe idohlplt skbr plc`oe kda`c lhlclf k`odrgl pdindclglrlo hlo
pdrtuinuflo.
Qdclogutoyl pdodc`t`lo yloe slil idoedol` k`odrgl kduloelo hdoelo kbosdp
vlcud mbr ibody yl`tu pdodc`t`lo ^lfilo (>:::0. Xugulo pdodc`t`lo `o` lhlclf uotuk idoeukur k`odrgl kduloelo Nle`lo Tiui hlo
Zdrcdoeklplo Qdkrdtlr`s Hldrlf Klnupltdo Quinlwl Nlrlt Xlfuo >::0. Lclt lolc`s`s
yloe h`euolklo lhlclf lolc`s`s rls`b dkbobi`s vlcud mbr ibody. Fls`c pdodc`t`looyl
idouogukklo nlfwl k`odrgl kduloelo Klotbr Nle`lo Tiui hlo ZdrcdoeklploQdkrdtlr`s Hldrlf Klnupltdo Quinlwl Nlrlt tlfuo >::0 sdalrl kdsdcuruflo
idouogukklo fls`c sloelt dkbobi`s hdoelo rltl-rltl rls`b k`odrgl dkbobi` sdndslr
60,81.
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:.>. Clohlslo Xdbr`
>.>.::47=::::54) idoyltlklo nlfwl–Zdoeukurlo/pdo`cl`lo k`odrgl idruplklo prbsds idoaltlt hlo idoeukur pdoalpl`lo
pdclkslollo kde`ltlo hlcli lrlf pdoalpl`lo i`s` (i`ss`bo laabipc`sfidot) idclcu`
fls`c-fls`c yloe h`tlip`cklo ndrupl prbhuk, glsl ltlupuo sultu prbsds.’ Idourut Glids
N. Uf`ttlkdr (::=7>54) h`yltlklo
nlfwl –Zdoeukurlo/pdo`cl`lo k`odrgl lhlclf sultu lclt ilolgdido uotuk ido`oekltklo
kulc`tls pdoelin`clo kdputuslo hlo lkuotln`c`tls’.
>.>.>. Zdoeukurlo K`odrgl 1 D (Dkbobi`, Dm`s`dos` hlo Dmdkt`v`tls)Idourut Ilrh`lsib (>::>75) –]lcud mbr ibody idruplklo `ot` pdoeukurlo
k`odrgl kduloelo plhl `ostlos` pdidr`otlflo. K`odrgl kduloelo `ostlos` pdidr`otlf
flrus h`o`cl` hlr` s`s` butput, `oput hlo butabid sdalrl ndrslil-slil’. Lelr hlcli
ido`cl` k`odrgl kduloelo `ostlos` pdidr`otlf hlplt h`clkuklo sdalrl bngdkt`m, ilkl
h`pdrcuklo `oh`kltbr k`odrgl. Ilfiuh`, (>:::>78) `oh`kltbr vlcud mbr ibody
idodkloklo plhl t`el dcdido utlil ylo`tu dkbobi`, dm`s`dos`, hlo dmdkt`v`tls ltlu
cdn`f h`kdolc 1D’.
. Dm`s`dos` (hlyl euol) idipuoyl` pdoedrt`lo yloe ndrfunuoelo drlt hdoelo kbosdp prbhukt`v`tls. Zdoeukurlo dm`s`dos` h`clkuklo hdoelo idoeeuolklo pdrnloh`oelo
lotlrl butput yloe h`fls`cklo tdrflhlp `oput yloe h`euolklo (abst bm
butput). Zrbsds kde`ltlo bpdrls`bolc hlplt h`kltlklo dm`s`do lpln`cl sultu prbhuk
ltlu fls`c kdrgl tdrtdotu hlplt h`alpl` hdoelo pdoeeuollo suindr hlyl hlo hlol
yloe sdrdohlf-rdohlfoyl (spdoh`oe wdcc). Glh`, plhl hlslroyl lhl pdoedrt`lo yloe
sdrupl lotlrl dm`s`dos` hdoelo dkbobi` klrdol kdhul-huloyl idoefdohlk`
pdoeflpuslo ltlu pdouruolo n`lyl (abst rdhuat`bo).
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:
Zuslt ̂ `sdt Dkbobi` hlo Zdinloeuolo MD. TOQL
1. Dmdkt`v`tls (fls`c euol) idruplklo funuoelo lotlrl kdculrlo hdoelo tugulo ltluslslrlo yloe flrus h`alpl`. Zdoedrt`lo dmdkt`v`tls `o` plhl hlslroyl ndrfunuoelo
hdoelo pdoalpl`lo tugulo ltlu tlredt kdn`glklo. Kde`ltlo bpdrls`bolc h`kltlklodmdkt`m lpln`cl prbsds kde`ltlo tdrsdnut idoalpl` tugulo hlo slslrlo lkf`r
kdn`glklo (spdoh`oe w`sdcy).
>.>.1. Idoeukur ̂ ls`b dkbobi`s.^ls`b dkbobi`s hlplt h`f`tuoe hdoelo idinloh`oeklo lotlrl ilsuklo
rdlc`sls`lo (rdlc`sls` loeelrlo ndclogl) hdoelo ilsuklo yloe h`rdoalolklo (loeelrlo
ndclogl), sdf`oeel sdilk`o kda`c rls`boyl, ilkl sdilk`o nl`k t`oeklt kddkbobi`slo
sultu lkt`v`tls plhl t`oeklt kulc`tls prbhuk tdrtdotu hdoelo stlohlr n`lyl yloe wlglr,
hdoelo ruius7
Qdclogutoyl h`trlosmbrils`klo kdhlcli pdidr`oekltlo sdnlel`ilol tlndc <
ndr`kut7
Xlndc
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >::=:,:: 8>8.10:.>=:,::
1 Zdoydh`llo Glsl Kdndrs`flo Klotbr ::.:::,::8 Zdoydh`llo Nlrloe Adtlklo hlo Zdoeelohllo 84.555.4::,:: 86.=>0.4::,::
4 Zdoydh`llo Ilklolo hlo I`ouilo 151.5=4.4::,:: 888.=1:.:::,::
=Zdoltllo hlo Zdoedcbcllo Lhi`o`strls` Tiui
Zdrklotbrlo4
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:::::0. Qdalrl kdsdcuruflo rls`b dkbobi`s loeelrlo
kde`ltlo hlo prberli Qdkrdtlr`lt Hdwlo Zdrwlk`clo Hldrlf (HZ^H) Klnupltdo
Quinlwl nlrlt lhlclf t`hlk dkbobi`s hdoelo prdsdotlsd sdnlslr :
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:. ZdinlflsloTotuk idipdrgdcls idoedol` o`cl` dkbobi`s plhl pdoeloeelrlo sdardtlr`lt
Hdwlo Zdrwlk`clo ^lkylt Hldrlf (HZ^H) Klnupltdo Quinlwl Nlrlt plhl tlfuoloeelrlo >::, ilkl h`nultclf erlm`k ^ls`b dkbobi`s
kde`ltlo hlo prberli Qdkrdtlr`lt Hdwlo Zdrwlk`clo ^lkylt Hldrlf (HZ^H)
Klnupltdo Quinlwl Nlrlt sdnlel` ndr`kut7
Elinlr >.
Zdrnloh`oelo ̂ ls`b Dkbobi`
Zlhl erlm`k h`ltls tdrc`flt nlfwl ^ls`b dkbobi`s pdoeloeelrlo prberli hlo
kde`ltlo Qkrdtlr`lt Hdwlo Zdrwlk`clo ^lkylt Hldrlf (HZ^H) Klnupltdo Quinlwl
Nlrlt plhl tlfuo >:::
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Gurolc Dkbobi` hlo N`so`s, G`c`h 8 Obibr 4, Lpr`c >:. Qlrlo-QlrloQdkrdtlr`lt Hdwlo Zdrwlk`clo ^lkylt Hldrlf (HZ^H) Klnupltdo Quinlwl
nlrlt h`flrlpklo ilipu idodklo n`lyl-n`lyl bpdrls`bolc yloe t`hlk nde`tu pdot`oehlcli prberli hlo kde`ltlo yloe h`glcloklooyl lelr t`hlk sdclcu tdrglh` pdindoeklklo
loeelrlo, sdf`oeel LZNH Klnupltdo Quinlwl Nlrlt hlplt cdn`f nloylk h`euolklo
uotuk ido`oekltklo kdsdglftdrllo ilsylrlklt h` Klnupltdo Quinlwl Nlrlt.
HLMXL^ ZTQXLKL
Lkfilh Qbc`k`o. Zdoeelnuoelo clpbrlo Kduloelo hlo Clpbrlo K`odrgl @ostlos`
Zdidr`otlf. Gurolc Lkuotlos` Zdidr`otlf Hldrlf ]bc. > Ob. >.
Gbods, Aflrcds. . Btbobi` & Ilolgdido Kduloelo Hldrlf. Loh`, Pbeylklrtl.
Iucylh`. >::::1. Ibhuc Zdclt`flo K`odrgl Zdidr`otlf Hldrlf. MD-TLH,
Pbeylklrtl.
Xr`cdstlr` U`rglti`, Dohloe. >::4. Zdoeukurlo K`odrgl h` Qdktbr Zunc`k. Gurolc @ciu
Lhi`o`strls`. ]bcuid > Obibr ::
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