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Jeffrey&Halka Maryland&Geological&Survey& Cindy&Palinkas ... · Sediment%Sampling%Aer%...

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Where did all that sediment go? Jeffrey Halka Maryland Geological Survey Cindy Palinkas UMCES – Horn Point Laboratory
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Page 1: Jeffrey&Halka Maryland&Geological&Survey& Cindy&Palinkas ... · Sediment%Sampling%Aer% Tropical%Storm%Lee% Cruise1:28September2011 Cruise2:24October2011 17&gravity&core&locaons&

Where  did  all  that  sediment  go?  

Jeffrey  Halka  

Maryland  Geological  Survey  

Cindy  Palinkas  

UMCES  –  Horn  Point  Laboratory  

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Sediment  Sampling  A4er  Tropical  Storm  Lee  

Cruise  1:  28  September  2011  Cruise  2:  24  October  2011  

17  gravity  core  locaIons  

01

2 2.5

34

5 6

78

6.5

0.5

S1

S2

S3

S4

Schubel  and  Zabawa,  1974  

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Sta8on  0  

0 1

2 2.5

34

5 6

78

6.5

0.5

S1

S2

S3

S4

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Sta8on  2.5  

0 1

2 2.5

34

5 6

78

6.5

0.5

S1

S2

S3

S4

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Sta8on  5  

0 1

2 2.5

34

5 6

78

6.5

0.5

S1

S2

S3

S4

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Sta8on  8  

0 1

2 2.5

34

5 6

78

6.5

0.5

S1

S2

S3

S4

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Sta8on  S3  

0 1

2 2.5

34

5 6

78

6.5

0.5

S1

S2

S3

S4

Page 8: Jeffrey&Halka Maryland&Geological&Survey& Cindy&Palinkas ... · Sediment%Sampling%Aer% Tropical%Storm%Lee% Cruise1:28September2011 Cruise2:24October2011 17&gravity&core&locaons&

Sediment  Sampling  A4er  Tropical  Storm  Lee  

Cruise  1:  28  September  2011  Cruise  2:  24  October  2011  

Gravity  coring  with  MGS  Total  of  17  cores  

Reoccupied  some  post-­‐Agnes  staIons  Looked  for  typical  flood  sediment  signatures…  

Schubel  and  Zabawa,  1974  

Page 9: Jeffrey&Halka Maryland&Geological&Survey& Cindy&Palinkas ... · Sediment%Sampling%Aer% Tropical%Storm%Lee% Cruise1:28September2011 Cruise2:24October2011 17&gravity&core&locaons&

Sta8on  U70  Clay  (wt  %)  210Pbxs  (dpm/g)  7Be(dpm/g)  

Dep

th  (cm)  

0  

2  

4  

6  

0   4   8   0   4   8   10   30   50  

Figure  modified  from  Sommerfield  et  al.,  1999  

Fine  Grain  Size Total  7Be  AcIvity  (dpm/g) Weight  %

0 50 100

Silt Clay

Sand

Dep

th  (cm)  

0.1   1.0   10.0  

0  

4  

8  

12  

16   ND  

Physical  Stra8fica8on   Uniform  7Be  Ac8vi8es  

E20  

Base  of    flood  layer  

Po  River  

Eel  River  

Flood  Sediment  Characteris8cs  

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Flood  Sediment  Signature  A4er  Tropical  Storm  Lee  

• Classic  flood-­‐sediment  signatures  present  in  Lee  cores  • Lee7  ~  Site  11  in  post-­‐Agnes  study  (Schubel  and  Zabawa,  1974),  where  20-­‐30  cm  was  found  • Lee  =  ~1/5  of  Agnes  deposiIon  in  upper  Bay?  • Problem:  many  cores  only  have  detectable  7Be  in  upper  1  cm…  

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7Be  Inventories  

7Be  was  not  detectable  everywhere:  

• Erosion?  Lee8    (Susquehanna    Flats),  Lee3  (Poole’s    Island)  

• “DusIng”  of  sediment?  • Conowingo  Dam  sediment?  

Highest  inventories  are  in  the  upper  Bay  =  most  sediment  deposiIon  

More  data  to  come!  • 210Pb,  234Th  • Grainsize  

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Grainsize  Trends  

Comparison  with  previous  data:  • Upper  Bay:  post-­‐Lee  sediments  are  finer  

 (except  near  Susquehanna  Flats)  • Mid-­‐May:  post-­‐Lee  sediments  are  about  the  

 same  as  previous  observaIons  • Lower  Bay:  post-­‐Lee  sediments  are  

 somewhat  coarser  

Note:  post-­‐Lee  data  are  for  surficial  (0-­‐1  cm)  sediments;  MGS  data  are  from  grab  sampling  (typically  ~5  cm)  

More  data  to  come!    Down-­‐core  profiles  at  each  site  

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Lee6  

Similar  to  S&Z  Site  10:  15-­‐20  cm;  noted  that  it  could  be  overesImated  

Lee  deposiIon:  4  cm  But  could  be  overesImate  due  to  mixing  

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Lee4  

Lee  deposiIon:  <1  cm  

ND  

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Lee3  

Similar  to  S&Z  Site  2:  4-­‐6  cm  

7Be  not  detectable  

No  Lee  deposiIon  

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Lee2  

Lee  deposiIon:  <1  cm  but  more  than  Lee4  

ND  

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Lee1  

Lee  deposiIon:  <1  cm  but  less  than  Lee2  

Page 18: Jeffrey&Halka Maryland&Geological&Survey& Cindy&Palinkas ... · Sediment%Sampling%Aer% Tropical%Storm%Lee% Cruise1:28September2011 Cruise2:24October2011 17&gravity&core&locaons&

Summary  

• Sediment  data  are  incomplete  • Preliminary  grain-­‐size  data  inconclusive;  need  longer  and  more  profiles  • Some  radiochemical  signatures  not  yet  analyzed  

• Most  7Be-­‐tagged  sediment  deposited  in  upper  Bay,  with  lirle  to  no  deposiIon  in  lower  Bay  • ~1  cm  or  less  at  most  sites  • Maximum  thickness  of  4cm  at  Lee7  

• X-­‐radiograph  and  7Be  esImates  of  flood-­‐deposit  thickness  do  not  agree  at  many  sites  • DifficulIes  with  resoluIon  • Conowingo  Dam  sediment?  • Time  delay  between  upper  and  lower  Bay  sampling?  

• We  need  all  the  pieces  of  the  puzzle!    More  data  soon!  


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