Jenireth NavarroNicole Marquez

Properties and Shapes

Our world is filled of many different forms. If we decide to count the different forms that exist in each corner for where

we walk, never we will finish to count because everything that

is around us is composed of forms.

Valparaiso, Chile

D.F, Mexico

Asturias, Spain

Properties and shapes

Squares, cubes and parallelepipeds

Circles, cylinders, spheres and arches

Triangles and pyramids

Properties and shapes

These are the most basic and employed shapes of construction.

Parallelepipeds

Square, cube and parallelepipeds

Beams and columns usually come in these shapes.

Materials such as bricks, concrete and wood can be shaped in these forms for construction.

Square, cube and parallelepipeds

Indoors, we can also find these figures in interior designs such as closets, doors, windows and shelves.

Squares and cubes can form the volume of spaces like parks.

Circles, cylinders, spheres and arches.

· Circles represent continuity.

· We can appreciate circles in cylindrical beams

and columns. On the other hand, we can also

find circles in tunnels entrances, and piazzas

with this shape. Arches can be found in

structural systems of trusses.

Circles, cylinders, spheres and arches.

· There is a famous arch construction, which is actually a porch: The Triumphal Arch.

· The semi-spheres create important structural systems such as paraboloids and domes.

· Dome is a representative structure that symbolizes religion.

· Circle is commonly found in staircases.

· Bridges forms are usually circles or spheres.

Triangles and pyramids.

Trusses

Metropolis museum, Amsterdam

Guggenheim museum, Bilbao, España

In our area there are countless homes,

museums, churches and infinities structures around us, without

realizing most of the things that make up

these large structures are of the basic

geometric shapes.

Conclusion

Gold, Marvin, and Carlberg, Robert E. Modern Applied Mathematics. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1971. Chapters 3 and 4 explore geometric concepts. Chapter 5 introduces the basic figures of plane geometry. Directions for constructing models of polyhedra are given. Chapter 4 extends the discussion of plane figures to cover formulas for perimeter and area.

Hersey, George L. Pythagorean Palaces Magic in the Italian Renaissance. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 1976. The author examines the application of Pythagorean principles in Italian Renaissance domestic architecture. Chapter 4 traces the emergence of cubic principles in Renaissance architectural theory. Chapter 5 studies these principles in greater detail.

Kline, Morris. Mathematics A Cultural Approach. Reading, Massachusetts: Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Incorporated, 1962. This book attempts to show what mathematics is, how mathematics has developed from man s efforts to understand nature, what the mathematical �approach to real problems can accomplish, and the extent to which mathematics has molded our civilization and our culture. Chapter 6 discusses the nature and uses of Euclldean geometry.

Norwich, John Julius, ed. Great Architecture of the World. New York: Random House, Incorporated, 1975. A beautifully illustrated volume that pictures and explains man s finest architectural �achievements.

Bibliography