Jeopardy!

100

200

300

400

500

100

200

300

400

500

100

200

300

400

500

100

200

300

400

500

100

200

300

400

500

One-Way ANOVA

Correlation & Regression

Plots and Graphs

Factorial ANOVA

Hodgepodge

Final Jeopardy

QuestionAnswer

FINAL JEOPARDY

• ANSWER: This is why we need ANOVA with more than two groups (AKA why we can’t just run multiple t-tests to make all of the comparisons between groups).

• QUESTION: What is because it controls for rising α, α inflation, or increases familywise error rate?

QuestionAnswer

One-way ANOVA100

• ANSWER: For ANOVA, these will always be the null and alternative hypotheses respectively.

• QUESTION: What is H0: all of the means are equal (or µ1 = µ2 = µ3 = µk) HA: all of the means are not equal?

QuestionAnswer

One-way ANOVA200

• ANSWER: This is the conclusion that you would draw and what your next step would be.

• QUESTION: What is conclude that there are differences among the groups (reject H0) and look at multiple comparisons table to see which groups are significantly different from one another.

ANOVA

gpa

4.380 2 2.190 6.254 .003

21.359 61 .350

25.739 63

Between Groups

Within Groups

Total

Sum ofSquares df Mean Square F Sig.

QuestionAnswer

One-way ANOVA300

• ANSWER: This would be my next step if got this SPSS output for a one-way ANOVA.

• QUESTION: What is STOP and conclude that there are no differences among the groups (AKA retain H0)?

ANOVA

gpa

2.731 3 .910 2.374 .079

23.009 60 .383

25.739 63

Between Groups

Within Groups

Total

Sum ofSquares df Mean Square F Sig.

QuestionAnswer

One-way ANOVA400

• ANSWER: This is the prerequisite that must be met before looking at the results of following table.

• QUESTION: What is the F test in the ANOVA table has to be significant (p < .05).

Multiple Comparisons

Dependent Variable: gpa

LSD

-.42667* .17916 .020 -.7849 -.0684

-.65000* .18712 .001 -1.0242 -.2758

.42667* .17916 .020 .0684 .7849

-.22333 .17916 .217 -.5816 .1349

.65000* .18712 .001 .2758 1.0242

.22333 .17916 .217 -.1349 .5816

(J) study3-6 hours/week

more than 6 hours/week

1-3 hours/week

more than 6 hours/week

1-3 hours/week

3-6 hours/week

(I) study1-3 hours/week

3-6 hours/week

more than 6 hours/week

MeanDifference

(I-J) Std. Error Sig. Lower Bound Upper Bound

95% Confidence Interval

The mean difference is significant at the .05 level.*.

QuestionAnswer

One-way ANOVA500

• ANSWER: Assuming F is significant, there would be significant differences between the following groups.

• QUESTION: What is students who study an average of 1-3 hours/week and those who study 3-6 hrs/wk and 1-3 and 3-6 hrs/wk?

Multiple Comparisons

Dependent Variable: gpa

LSD

-.42667* .17916 .020 -.7849 -.0684

-.65000* .18712 .001 -1.0242 -.2758

.42667* .17916 .020 .0684 .7849

-.22333 .17916 .217 -.5816 .1349

.65000* .18712 .001 .2758 1.0242

.22333 .17916 .217 -.1349 .5816

(J) study3-6 hours/week

more than 6 hours/week

1-3 hours/week

more than 6 hours/week

1-3 hours/week

3-6 hours/week

(I) study1-3 hours/week

3-6 hours/week

more than 6 hours/week

MeanDifference

(I-J) Std. Error Sig. Lower Bound Upper Bound

95% Confidence Interval

The mean difference is significant at the .05 level.*.

QuestionAnswer

• ANSWER: This is Pearson’s r.

• QUESTION: What is r = .04 (.035)?

Correlation & Regression 100Correlations

1 .035

.838

36 36

.035 1

.838

36 36

Pearson Correlation

Sig. (2-tailed)

N

Pearson Correlation

Sig. (2-tailed)

N

I am satisfied withMiami food service.

I am satisfied withMiami's bus service.

I am satisfiedwith Miami

food service.

I am satisfiedwith Miami'sbus service.

QuestionAnswer

Correlation & Regression 200

• ANSWER: You look at the correlation between average hrs/wk students spend in the library and average hrs/wk in the gym, and r = -.52. This would be your interpretation.

• QUESTION: What is this is a moderately strong negative correlation, as amount of time spent in library goes up, rec goes down and vice versa?

QuestionAnswer

Correlation & Regression 300

• ANSWER: You think that satisfaction with Miami’s IT services will predict satisfaction with the library resources available on campus. In a regression, this would be your IV and DV respectively.

• QUESTION: What is IV = IT services and DV = Library resources?

QuestionAnswer

Correlation & Regression 400

• ANSWER: You do a regression predicting perceptions that Miami courses are rigorous from satisfaction with library resources. The slope, intercept and regression equation would be the following.

• QUESTION: What is slope = .46, intercept = 3.86, equation is Y´ = .46X + 3.86?

Coefficientsa

3.859 .677 5.699 .000

.461 .095 .639 4.844 .000

(Constant)

I am satsified withlibrary resourcesavailable at Miami.

Model1

B Std. Error

UnstandardizedCoefficients

Beta

StandardizedCoefficients

t Sig.

Dependent Variable: In general, Miami courses are rigorous and challenging.a.

QuestionAnswer

Correlation & Regression 500

• ANSWER: You do a regression predicting perceptions that Miami courses are rigorous from satisfaction with library resources and obtain the following equation: Y´ = .46X + 3.86. This is how you would interpret the slope.

• QUESTION: What is for every one-unit increase [decrease] in satisfaction with library resources, there will be a 0.46 increase [decrease] in the perception that Miami courses are rigorous.

QuestionAnswer

Plots and Graphs100

• ANSWER: In two-way ANOVA, a plot where the lines on the graph are not parallel indicates this.

• QUESTION: What is an interaction?

QuestionAnswer

Plots and Graphs200

• ANSWER: The effects shown in this plot.• QUESTION: What is a main effect of

both gender and class rank with NO interaction?

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Fresh

man

Sopho

mor

es

Junio

rs

Senior

s

Sp

rin

g S

emes

ter

GP

A

GenderFemales

Gender Males

QuestionAnswer

Plots and Graphs300

• ANSWER: These are the effects shown in this plot.

• QUESTION: What is two main effects and an interaction?

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

Greek not

Gender Males

GenderFemales

QuestionAnswer

Plots and Graphs400

• ANSWER: The types of effects you see in this plot.

• QUESTION: What is a main effect of Greek involvement only?

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

Greek not

Gender Males

GenderFemales

QuestionAnswer

Plots and Graphs500

• ANSWER: The type of relation depicted here (Hint: think correlation)

• QUESTION: What is a negative correlation or relation?

QuestionAnswer

Factorial ANOVA100

• ANSWER: This is the effect of just one of your factors collapsing across and ignoring the levels of the other factor.

• QUESTION: What is a main effect?

QuestionAnswer

Factorial ANOVA200

• ANSWER: When the effect of one of your factors is different across the levels of another factor, this type of relationship is said to exist.

• QUESTION: What is an interaction?

QuestionAnswer

Factorial ANOVA300

• ANSWER: You one a two-way ANOVA and get the following results. These are the effects that are significant.

• QUESTION: What is both main effects but NOT the interaction?

Tests of Between-Subjects Effects

Dependent Variable: Highest Year of School Completed

2673.314a 11 243.029 43.957 .000

65042.479 1 65042.479 11764.365 .000

1557.726 5 311.545 56.350 .000

69.789 1 69.789 12.623 .000

31.315 5 6.263 1.133 .341

5158.343 933 5.529

167069.000 945

7831.657 944

SourceCorrected Model

Intercept

occcat80

usintl

occcat80 * usintl

Error

Total

Corrected Total

Type III Sumof Squares df Mean Square F Sig.

R Squared = .341 (Adjusted R Squared = .334)a.

QuestionAnswer

Factorial ANOVA400

• ANSWER: You perform a 2(gender) × 4(class rank) ANOVA. These are the variable(s) that require post hoc tests.

• QUESTION: What is class rank?

QuestionAnswer

Factorial ANOVA500

• ANSWER: When the interaction is not significant (p > .05) your interpretation should focus on this.

• QUESTION: What are the significant main effects.

QuestionAnswer

Hodgepodge100

• ANSWER: This is the purpose of post hoc tests (e.g., Fisher’s LSD, Tukey’s HSD).

• QUESTION: What is they enable us to identify specific differences between 3 or more groups without raising α?

QuestionAnswer

Hodgepodge200

• ANSWER: In two-way ANOVA, the circumstance under which you run post hoc tests for a factor.

• QUESTION: What is when the factor consists of more than 2 groups or levels)?

QuestionAnswer

Hodgepodge300

• ANSWER: This is what it means to say have a 3 × 2 design.

• QUESTION: What is we have two factors with three groups or levels of the first factor and 2 groups or levels of the second factor?

QuestionAnswer

Hodgepodge400

• ANSWER: A researcher using math SAT scores (pre-admittance) to predict students’ subsequent grades in college math classes. This is my IV and DV.

• QUESTION: What is my IV=SAT scores and my DV= grades in college math classes.

QuestionAnswer

Hodgepodge500

• ANSWER: If X is the IV (satisfaction with Miami libraries) and Y is the DV (rated rigor of Miami courses), this would be the predicted value of y when X = 4.23: Y´ = .46X + 3.86.

• QUESTION: What is Y´ = .46(4.23) + 3.86 = 5.81?