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Extreme Computing cooperation, standpoint of an industrial
JF Lavignon, Strategy & Cooperation, Innovative Products
2©Bull, 2011 Cooperation in extreme computing
Introduction
Sorry not to be present, hope to meet you soon
Agenda :
- HPC challenges as seen by a HPC supplier- Cooperation example and idea for
Latin America – Europe cooperation
3©Bull, 2011 Cooperation in extreme computing
HPC, strategic foundation for competitiveness, innovation and defense
Performance &Competitivity
Imagery - HealthArts & Sciences
InternetMultimedia & Virtual
HPC computing technologyHPC computing technology
Offering capabilities to design new products faster, to increase human and environmental knowledge faster and to overcome security complexity
Defense – GeospaceGeo-Web
4©Bull, 2011 Cooperation in extreme computing
Challenge (1/4) : concurrency and parallelism
History- Gigaflops 1985 Cray 2 : 4 cores @ 1.5 ops/cycle- Teraflops 1997 Asci Red : 4,500 cores @ 2 ops/cycle- Petaflops 2008 Jaguar : 180,000 cores @ 4ops/cycle- 10 petaflops 2011 K system : 700,000 cores @ 4ops/cycle
Next generation of systems- Million to billion threads- 16 ops/cycle for each threads
5©Bull, 2011 Cooperation in extreme computing
Challenge (2/4) energy and power
Today general purpose computer - 200 Mflops/W- Petaflops 5MW- 10 Petaflops in 2011 : 12,5 MW
Trend- Use of accelerators (GPU, MIC) with better ratio flops/W than
standard processor but more difficult to program- Use of low frequency standard processors - Reduction of the amount of memory per core
Most the large centers do not plan more than 20MW for a HPC system
6©Bull, 2011 Cooperation in extreme computing
Challenge (3/4) data in HPC
Data inside the HPC system- Memory access time - Amount of memory- Power cost of moving data
Storage of data (disk)- Capacity still growing- Bandwidth and seek time not progressing at the same pace- Increasing parallelism
Data for scientists- pre and post processing of huge volume of data- Quality of data produced by large simulation (uncertainty
quantification)- Semantic attached to data
7©Bull, 2011 Cooperation in extreme computing
Challenge (4/4) : Resiliency
Next generation system- Huge number of components : 106 to 108 memory chips- Interface at high clock rate increasing bit error rates
MTBF will be low- 10,000 components with a MTBF of > 10 years leads to a combined
MTBF of 10 hours
Robustness must be addressed at different levels- System hardware- System software- Application
8©Bull, 2011 Cooperation in extreme computing
Conclusion technological challenges
Important challenges for next generations of HPC systems
No one has the complete solution
Cooperation is a must
9©Bull, 2011 Cooperation in extreme computing
Bull’s experience in R&D cooperation
Common laboratory
Technology partners Intel, Xyratex, Caps Entreprise…
One-to-one cooperation
Development of large infrastructures
Research institutions / campus
Project with local ecosystem
Projects at European level
International vision sharing
10©Bull, 2011 Cooperation in extreme computing
Cooperation eco-system
Global for best of breed, standardization
Customer cooperation for co-design and connection of market demands- supplier offerings
Technology partners for complete and innovative offering
Local for fertilization, reactiveness and
teaming
11©Bull, 2011 Cooperation in extreme computing
Example of instruments in Europe Systematic, Eureka, FP7
Systematic- “World class” French Cluster, 142 enterprises, 311 SMB 92 research
centers & universities. - Cooperation between SMEs, Large Companies, Research Centres and
higher educational establishments- Supported by local authorities, economic development agencies, the
French Government and its partners.- Leverage on Teratec for HPCEUREKA- 39 member countries plus the European Union.- The EUREKA label gives participants a competitive edge in their
dealings with financial, technical and commercial partners.FP7- EU's main instrument for funding research in Europe - Grants are determined on the basis of calls for proposals- Activities funded from FP7 must have a “European added value”.
National level
European level
12©Bull, 2011 Cooperation in extreme computing
Systematic, FP7 & ITEA figures
Systematic FP7 ITEA
Type Cluster R&D program Eureka R&D program for IT
Time scale 2007-2013 2006-2012
Projects € 200 m / year 20,000 PY
o/w fundings € 60 m / year € 54 B o/w € 9 B for IT € 600 m
Area France Europe Europe
13©Bull, 2011 Cooperation in extreme computing
Example of a project : ParMa, Itea Gold Award 2010
A European project that gathers users, software providers, HPC system supplierObjective: help the HPC community take full advantage of multi-core architecturesDeliver substantial performance improvements for:- conventional HPC applications - mainstream applications- embedded systems
Facilitate the emergence of power-intensive innovative applications by:- Developing advanced
technologies for exploiting parallel computing
- Exploring commonalities between HPC, Multi-Core and MPSoC programming environments
- Leveraging relevant technology and methodology between these domains
Blast-furnace: €125,000 savings plus 16,000 tons of CO2 emission/year
Parallel Programming for Multi-core Architectures
14©Bull, 2011 Cooperation in extreme computing
To conclude
Latin America – Europe cooperation is what I call “a global cooperation”- Need to focus on global topics
- Ie programming models- Scientific methods…
- Need to find mutual interest- Economic system- Educational system
- Need to involve “regional champions”
Cooperation at International level could be boosted by new instruments- Why not a "Eureka-like" program at
International level
15©Bull, 2011 Cooperation in extreme computing