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JILLIAN RIOarchitectural design portflolio13
a thriving city in a changing climateMIAMI 2100
highlands + wetlands groundwater flow urban sprawl
Miami, like most cities, established itself on the highest ground available near the coast. This location suited well for tourism and for trade. The city began to grow westward rapidly. This land was slightly lower than the Eastern coastal ridge the city started from. To make this area livable, dry land had to be created. Miami has sprawled by dredging and filling wetlands. Most of Miami’s land is artificial or compromised by a canal or swale to stay dry.
urban sprawl v. sea level rise flooding from the everglades, ocean, and water table
People were moving into the perimeter of the Everglades, draining marshes, and claiming this newly found dry land. However, these strategies for keeping land dry have proven to become ineffective over time with rising sea levels.
swamp to coast section
swamp to coast planN
N
0% - 19%
20% - 38%
39% - 61%
62% - 82%
83% - 100%
U.S. LAND IN FARMS
CHANGE IN ANNUALTEMPERATURE BY 2100
2° F
4° F
6° F
8° F
10° F
CROP DISTRIBUTION IN THE U.S.
corn
wheat
pecans
soybeans
cotton
vegetables
orchards
ANIMAL DISTRIBUTION IN THE U.S.
cows
pigs
chickens
AVERAGE ANNUALPRECIPITATION IN 2100
0”
25”
50”
75”
100”
The Great Plains house the areas with the most diversity in cattle and farming. The largest change in temperature and precipitation is felt by inland areas. Extremes have always been accounted for, but they are only going to become more common on a warming planet.
FLORIDA 21003,529,327 PEOPLE18.8% OF FLORIDIANS
1,833,033 HOMES20.4% OF FLORIDA’S HOMES
2,827,353 ACRES8.2% OF FLORIDA’S LAND
SEA LEVEL RISE IN
SEA LEVEL RISE IN
MIAMI 2100109, 448 PEOPLE27.4% OF MIAMIANS
58,290 HOMES31.7% OF MIAMI’S HOMES
5,826 ACRES25.6% OF MIAMI’S LAND
MIAMI RIVER 3-6’ of sea level rise
MIAMI RIVER population growth1900 2011
2020 2100
BREATHINGWATER
POPULATION GROWTHPOPULATION GROWTH WATER RISE WATER RISE
POPU
LATION
GR
OW
TH
WATER
RIS
E
MIAMI RIVER future timeline
MIAMI RIVER proposition
ONE PERSONCONSUMES AN AVERAGE OF
6 LBS OF FOOD PER DAY2200 LBS OF FOOD PER YEAR
13,864 SF TO GROW THIS FOOD8,492 SF FOR CROPS5,372 SF FOR ANIMAL FEED
203 SQ MILESneeded for food supply
68 SQ MILES
in feed
135 SQ MILES
in crops
Vertical farming will solve the issue of space and keep crops and feed away from saltwater contamination completely. This type of farming will be introduced by building one open layer of land above an existing lowlying area and then used as the base for a vertical structure.
MIAMI 408,568 PEOPLE (2011)
203 SQ MI NEEDED FOR FOOD SUPPLY
POPULATION OF
MIAMI RIVER 2013_0’ of sea level rise
MIAMI RIVER 2050_3’ of sea level rise
MIAMI RIVER 2100_6’ of sea level rise
proposed elevated streets_6’ of sea level rise
existing streets_6’ of sea level rise
The design solution creates an artificial landscape to stay above rising sea levels. Some of the land is far too low to save and will be sacrificed as fill in order to elevate other areas of land. We will also be building vertically to reclaim the amount of land lost.
in feed
in crops
establishing resilience after a natural disasterEMERGENT CANOPY
proposed streets
existing streets
The housing within the residential blocks arebuilt within precarious proximity to each other because of lack of building codes. The commercial buildings built along the main roads have already established this sense of boundary. The proposed streetinstallation would allow the houses to be built along the streets in the same way. After Organization and safety is established into the 700’ x 800’ residential/commercial block by the addition of roadways.
To completely diminish the danger of density, caused by overcrowding streets, importantance needs to be delivered to the streets by giving them additional functions.Because this location is prone to natural disasters, having clean water and energy becomes a worry for the inhabitants.
WATER/SUNLIGHT
A water filtration and storage system that is solarpowered is key to eliminating the fear of not being prepared for a disaster. This hydro/solar infrastructure serves as a canopy that collects water and sunlight, which is then conserved and distributed among the buildings surrounding it.
wooden second structure
community end condition
concrete structure
detail of precast concrete arch
detail of solar conduit
With 521 dwelllings to reorganize, the Emergent Canopy allows the streets toinstall order. The block is now reduced toa safe 100 independent dwellings that willhave a greater chance of surviving a naturaldisaster because of their structure and theirproximity to one another.
gathering area maximum shading sunlight merchant space
roof plan
section
elevating a historic shopping districtOBSERVATION RAMP
lincoln road_bay to beach
N
circulation
limit of ramp
Miami’s historic Lincoln Road Mall affords a
beautiful experience of the city as a tropical
and luxurious gem. The Observation Ramp,
just North of Lincoln Road will act as an
extension of the historic strip and offer new
views of the city and the pedestrian through
the means of a continuous ramp. These
steel ramps serve to provide a dynamic
additive to an already successful public
space. Steel was chosen as the primary
material for its light weight and long spans.
The site is activated by provoking entry. The
avenue between these blocks, Lenox, is
primarily used for vehicular traffic. The new
design’s first proposal is to make Lenox a
no-thru street. This will allow pedestrians to
travel freely from Lincoln Road to the North
extension.
steel moment_frame
steel moment_ramp
site plan_structure to actual
The Observation Ramp becomes an
extension of Lincoln Road by creating
multiple comfortable streets between
high-end shops and restaurants covered by
tree canopies. It complements the
experience of Lincoln Road mall, by
elevating the retail and dining spaces.
photovoltaic panels
green roof
bike station
dining
shopping
This shift allows for the sought after
“people watching” that Lincoln provides to
happen in a new light. The way a person
would travel up to these multi-story shops
and restaurants is through the means of a
comfortable ramp. The ramp will be wide
enough for bike and foot traffic.