Joint FDA and USDA Report on Antimicrobial Resistance Pilot Projects for 2018
Olgica Ceric, Greg Tyson, Renate Reimschuessel-US FDA (Vet-LIRN)
Beth Harris, Jennifer Rodriguez-USDA-APHIS (NAHLN)
presented by Olgica Ceric
8th Annual International Conference on Health & Medical Sciences,
4-5 May 2020, Athens, Greece
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Speaker Disclosures • FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE:
No relevant financial relationships exist.
• UNLABELED/UNAPPROVED USES DISCLOSURE:
None
• DISCLAIMER: The views expressed in this presentation are those of the author(s) and may not reflect the official policy of the Department of Health and Human Services, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, U.S. Department of Agriculture or the U.S. Government.
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Background
The plan names
Vet-LIRN and NAHLN
(CARB) “develop, expand, and maintain capacity in State and Federal veterinary and food safety laboratories to conduct AST, and characterize select zoonotic and animal pathogens” By 2020-routine AST testing of zoonotic and animal pathogens at 10-20 NAHLN and Vet-LIRN member laboratories, using standardized testing methods and data sharing practices.
Additional resources
NAHLN Dargatz DA, Erdman MM, Harris B. A survey of methods used for antimicrobial susceptibility testing in veterinary diagnostic laboratories in the United States. J Vet Diagn Invest. 2017;29(5):669–75. NAHLN: Year 1 Report, 2018
https://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_health/nahln/downloads/2018%20APHIS%20AMR%20Pilot%20Project%20EOY%20Report-05.01.2019.pdf
Vet-LIRN Ceric, O., et al. Enhancing the one health initiative by using whole genome sequencing to monitor antimicrobial resistance of animal pathogens: Vet-LIRN collaborative project with veterinary diagnostic laboratories in United States and Canada. BMC Vet Res 15: 130. 2019 Vet-LIRN Web Page
https://www.fda.gov/animal-veterinary/science-research/veterinary-laboratory-investigation-and-response-network
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY
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Labs (2018)
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19 NAHLN labs Alabama California Colorado Kentucky Missouri Nebraska New York
Ohio South Dakota
Wisconsin
20 Vet-LIRN Source labs Georgia -Tifton Guelph Iowa Kansas Kentucky New Jersey North Carolina North Dakota Oklahoma Penn Ag U-Penn-Ryan
Florida Georgia-Athens Indiana Michigan Minnesota Mississippi U-Penn-NBC Texas Washington
4 Vet-LIRN WGS labs South Dakota Ohio New York Louisiana
NAHLN- WGS planning
AST-Antimicrobial susceptibility testing
Vet-LIRN
NAHLN
Canada
Vet-LIRN-NAHLN
Labs (2018)
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Isolates
Vet-LIRN*
Pathogen #
S. pseudintermedius 724
E. coli 716
Salmonella enterica 575
Other 958
Total 2974
NAHLN**
Pathogen #
S. intermedius group 548
E. coli 1700
Salmonella enterica 584
Mannheimia haemolytica 380
Total 3212
* “SES” S. pseudintermedius-dogs E. coli-dogs Salmonella enterica, Other-all animal hosts
** S. Intermedius group (S. intermedius, S. pseudintermedius, S. delphini )-dogs, cats E. coli, Salmonella enterica -cattle, swine, poultry, horses, dogs, cats Mannheimia haemolytica -cattle
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Salmonella enterica -animal hosts
Vet-LIRN
Animal* Isolates # Serotypes #
Bovine 234 38
Swine 125 34
Equine 91 30
Chicken 25 10
Canine 16 15
Turkey 16 8
Feline 3 3
Other 65
total 575
NAHLN
Animal* Isolates # Serotypes #
Bovine 349 37
Swine 82 19
Equine 72 25
Chicken 52 12
Canine 14 11
Turkey 11 6
Feline 4 2
total 584
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Serotype/Clinical signs
• Dublin:
pneumonia/septicemia
• Cerro, Dublin, Typhimurium and Montevideo:
diarrhea/enteric infections
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30.2
12.9 10.3
7.8 5.6
3.4 2.6 2.6 2.2 2.2
33.2
18.6
10.9 10.9
3.2 3.4 3.2 2 0.9 1.7 0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
%
Vet-LIRN (%)
NAHLN (%)
Salmonella enterica -serotypes (Bovine)
E. coli collection sources
0.0% 10.0% 20.0% 30.0% 40.0% 50.0% 60.0% 70.0% 80.0% 90.0% 100.0%
Vet-LIRN
NAHLN
Urine/UTI Skin/Abscess/Wound Respiratory Ear Enteric Reproductive Other
URINE/UTI
URINE/UTI
Skin
Skin
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E. Coli-UTI
Source-NAHLN-Year 1 report :https://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_health/nahln/downloads/2018%20APHIS%20AMR%20Pilot%20Project%20EOY%20Report-05.01.2019.pdf
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Cefazolin <=1 1 >1 <=2 2 >2 <=4 4 >4 <=8 8 >8 16 >16 32 >32 total Vet-LIRN 96 197 49 18 13 47 420 NAHLN 55 141 23 11 5 1 57 293
S. pseudintermedius* collection sources
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Vet-LIRN (%)
NAHLN (%)
Skin/abscess/wound Ear Urine/UTI Reproductive Respiratory Other
Skin/abscess/ wound
Skin/abscess/ wound
Ear
Ear UTI
UTI
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Example of Integrated data Tableau
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Vet-LIRN In Escherichia coli isolated from Dogs, Enrofloxacin resistance was 16% (88) of 565 tested Enrofloxacin breakpoint is >=4 µg/ml
NAHLN In Escherichia coli isolated from Dogs, Enrofloxacin resistance was 16% (77) of 472 tested Enrofloxacin breakpoint is >=4 µg/ml
Why is this important?
• Independent validation of both pilot projects
• Expanded national coverage
• Data standardization
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Acknowledgements
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2018 Vet-LIRN Source labs:
Florida*
Georgia –Athens*
Georgia -Tifton
Guelph-Canada
Indiana*
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Michigan*
Minnesota*
Mississippi*
New Jersey
North Carolina
North Dakota
Oklahoma
Penn Ag
Texas*
U-Penn-NBC*
U-Penn-Ryan
Washington*
Vet-LIRN WGS labs Louisiana New York Ohio South Dakota
2018 NAHLN labs:
Alabama
California
Colorado
Florida*
Georgia-Athens*
Indiana*
Kentucky
Michigan*
Minnesota*
Mississippi*
Missouri
Nebraska
New York
Ohio
South Dakota
Texas*
U-Penn-NBC*
Washington*
Wisconsin
FDA/CVM Claudine Kabera Chih-Hao Hsu
