Joint Institute for Nuclear ResearchJoint Institute for Nuclear ResearchInternational Intergovernmental OrganizationInternational Intergovernmental Organization

Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility (NICA) at JINR: New Prospect for Heavy Ion Collisions and Spin Physics

A.N.Sissakian, A.S.Sorin

The main goal of the NICA/MPD project is an The main goal of the NICA/MPD project is an experimental study of hot and dense nuclear matter experimental study of hot and dense nuclear matter

and spin physicsand spin physics

These goals are proposed to be reached byThese goals are proposed to be reached by: • development of the Nuclotron as a basis for generation of intense

beams over atomic mass range from protons to uranium and light polarized ions;

• design and construction of heavy ion collider with maximum collision energy of sNN = 9 GeV and average luminosity 1027 cm-2 s-1 (for U92+), and polarized proton beams with energy s ~ 25 GeV and average luminosity > 1030 cm-2 s-1

• design and construction of the MultiPurpose Detector (MPD)

• Stage 1: years 2007 – 2009- Upgrate and Development of the Nuclotron

- Preparation of Technical Design Report of the NICA and MPD

- Start prototyping of the MPD and NICA elements

• Stage 2: years 2008 – 2012

- Design and Construction of NICA and MPD

• Stage 3: years 2010 – 2013

- Assembling

• Stage 4: year 2013 - 2014

- Commissioning

The NICA Project Milestones

1. Minimum of R & D

2. Application of existing experience

3. Co-operation with experienced research centers

“The Basic Conditions” for the Project Development

4. Cost: as low as possible5. Realization time: 6 – 7 years

1. Choice of an existing building for dislocation of the collider

Consequences:

2. Collider circumference is limited by ~ 250 m

3. Luminosity: high beam intensity, multibunch regime, low beta-function at Interaction Point, …

NICA general layout

Scheme of the NICA compex

Booster (30 Tm)2(3?) single-turn

injections, storage of 3.2×109,

acceleration up to 50 MeV/u,

electron cooling,acceleration

up to 440 MeV/u

Nuclotron (45 Tm)injection of one

bunch of 1.1×109 ions,

acceleration up to 3.5 GeV/u max.

Collider (45 Tm)Storage of

17 bunches 1109 ions per ring at 3.5 GeV/u,

electron and/or stochastic cooling

Injector: 2×109 ions/pulse of 238U32+ at energy 6 MeV/u

IP-1 IP-2

Stripping (40%) 238U32+ 238U92+

Two superconducting

collider rings

2х17 injection

cycles

Collider general parameters

Ring circumference, [m]Ring circumference, [m] 251.5251.5

BB max max ( (UU92+), 92+), [ T [ Tm ]m ] 44.044.0

Ion kinetic energy, [GeV/amu] Ion kinetic energy, [GeV/amu] 1.0 1.0 4.36 4.36

Dipole field (max), [ T ]Dipole field (max), [ T ] 4.04.0

Long straight sectionsLong straight sections number / length, [m]number / length, [m] 2 x 48.02 x 48.0

Short straight sectionsShort straight sections number / length, [m]number / length, [m] 4 x 7.24 x 7.2

Vacuum, [ pTorr ]Vacuum, [ pTorr ] 100 100 10 10

RF harmonics RF harmonics amplitude, [kV]amplitude, [kV]

70 70

150 150

“Twin” magnets for NICA collider rings

“Twin” dipoles “Twin” quadrupoles

1 – Cos coils, 2 – “collars”, 3 – He header, 4 – iron yoke,

5 – thermoshield, 6 – outer jacket

PU

Kicker PU

Kicker

MPD

RF

RF

Injection channels

Beam dump

Beam dump

SPD

Spin rotator

Spin rotator

Collider structure

Energy, GeV/uEnergy, GeV/u 1.01.0 3.53.5

Rms bunch length, m Rms bunch length, m 0.30.3 0.30.3

RF harmonics / amplitude, kVRF harmonics / amplitude, kV 102 / 100102 / 100 102 / 100102 / 100

Beta function in IP, mBeta function in IP, m 0.50.5 0.50.5

Number of ions in the bunch Number of ions in the bunch 1∙101∙1099 1∙101∙1099

Rms unnormalized beam Rms unnormalized beam emmittance, emmittance, ∙∙mm mradmm mrad 3.83.8 0.3 0.3

Rms momentum spreadRms momentum spread 0.0010.001 0.0010.001

Luminosity per one IP, cmLuminosity per one IP, cm--22∙s∙s--11 0.750.75⋅⋅10102626 1.11.1⋅⋅10102727

Number of bunchesNumber of bunches 1717 1717

Incoherent tune shift Incoherent tune shift QQbetbet 0.0560.056 0.0470.047

Beam-beam parameter Beam-beam parameter 0.00260.0026 0.020.02

Collider beam parameters and luminosity

Superconducting Booster in the magnet core of The Synchrophasotron

Nuclotron

Booster

Booster

B = 25 Tm, Bmax = 1.8 T1) 3 single-turn injections 2) Storage and electron cooling

of 8×109 238U32+

3) Acceleration up to 440 MeV/u4) Extraction & stripping

SC dipoles – “Nuclotron/SIS-100 type”

2.3 m

4.0 m

The Booster Location in the yokeThe Booster Location in the yoke

of The Synchrophasotronof The Synchrophasotron

Under demounting now

Joint Institute for Nuclear Research

Institute for Nuclear Research Russian Academy of Science

Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino

Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk

MoU with FAIR

Open for extension …

NICA – Collaboration

http://nica.jinr.ruSigned MoU with GSI in July 2008

NICA- Collaboration

Budker INP Booster RF system Booster electron

cooling Collider RF system Collider SC magnets (expertise) HV electron cooler

for collider

Electronics (?)

IHEP (Protvino) Injector Linac

FZ Jűlich (IKP) HV Electron

cooler

GSI/FAIR

SC dipoles for Booster/SIS-100

SC dipoles for Collider/SIS-300 (?)

BNL (RHIC) Stoch. Cooling

Fermilab HV Electron

cooler

Kinetic calculations (QGSM)

Phase DiagramYu.Ivanov, V.Russkikh,V.Toneev, 2005 MPD Letter of Intend

RHIC,SPS,FAIR, NICA

FAIR and NICA s =9s =9 GeVGeV

Critical points

M.Stephanov, 2006 J.Randrup, J.Cleymans, 2006

Discontinuty of A = AII λ + AII (1 - λ) originates from discontinuty of λ = VII / V

A mixed phase in different representations

λ=0

λ=1

λ=0

λ=1

0<λ<1

Critical end-point => critical end-line => critical end-boundary hypersurface !?

0<λ<1

λ=1

λ=0λ=0

λ=1

T T

μ=const. ρ=const.

Collapse of the directed flow (?)

Yu.Ivanov, E.Nikonov, W.Noerenberg, A.Shanenko, V.Toneev, Heavy Ion Physics 15 (2002) 117. Two-fluid hydro, EoS with crossover phase transition.

H.Stoecker, arXiv:0710.5089

H.Stoecker, Nucl. Phys. A750 (2005) 121. One-fluid hydro, EoS with the first order phase transition.

first not high statistics data (stars): NA49 collaboration, Phys. Rev. C68 (2003) 034903

a linear extrapolation of the AGS data indicates a collapse of the directed proton flow at E

lab ≈ 30 AGeV

RHIC, SPS, FAIR, NICA

The NICA/MPD Physics Program

Study of in-medium properties of hadrons and nuclear matter equation of state, including a search for possible signs ofdeconfinement and/or chiral symmetry restoration phase transitions and

QCD critical endpointExperimental observables:

Scanning in beam energy and centrality of excitation functions for ♣ Multiplicity and global characteristics of identified hadrons including

(multi)strange particles♣ Fluctuations in multiplicity and transverse momenta

♣ Directed and elliptic flows for various indentified hadrons♣ particle correlations

♣ Dileptons and photons

NICA general layoutMPD conceptual design

The role of strangeness in hot nuclear matter will be a central aspect of the future NICA scientific program

http://nica.jinr.ru

MPD conceptual design

Inner Tracker (IT) - silicon strip detector / micromegas for tracking close to the interaction region.

Barrel Tracker (BT) - TPC + Straw (for tagging) for tracking & precise momentum measurement in the region -1 < < 1

End Cap Tracker (ECT) - Straw (radial)for tracking & p-measurement at | | > 1

Time of Flight (TOF) - RPC (+ start/stop sys.) to measure Time of Flight for charged particle identification.

Electromagnetic Calorimeter (EMC) for 0 reconstruction & electron/positron identification.

Beam-Beam Counters (BBC) to define centrality (& interaction point).

Zero Degree Calorimeter (ZDC) for centrality definition.

MPD basic geometry

Acceptances for MPD

Joint Institute for Nuclear Research

Institute for Nuclear Research Russian Academy of Science

Bogolyubov Institute of Theoretical Physics, NASUk

Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics of Lomonosov MSU, RF

Institute of Apllied Physics, Academy of Science Moldova

Open for extension …

MPD – Collaboration

A consortium involving GSI, JINR & other centers for IT module development & production is at the organizational stage

http://nica.jinr.ruSigned MoU with GSI in July 2008

Spin Physics at NICA

Preliminary topics: Drell-Yan processes with L&T polarized p & D beams: extraction of unknown (poor known) PDF PDFs from J/y production processes Spin effects in baryon, meson and photon productions Spin effects in various exclusive reactions Diffractive processes Cross sections, helicity amplitudes & double spin asymmetries (Krisch effect) in elastic reactions Spectroscopy of quarkoniums with any available decay modes Polarimetry

0.12 0.17 EMC, 1987

Round Table Discussions

Round Table Discussion ISearching for the mixed phase of strongly interacting matter at the JINR Nuclotron July 7 - 9, 2005 http://theor.jinr.ru/meetings/2005/roundtable/

Round Table Discussion IISearching for the mixed phase of strongly interacting matter at the JINR Nuclotron: Nuclotron facility development JINR, Dubna, October 6-7, 2006 http://theor.jinr.ru/meetings/2006/roundtable/

Round Table Discussion IIISearching for the mixed phase of strongly interacting QCD matter at the NICA/MPD JINR (Dubna), end 2008http://nica.jinr.ru

NICA

MPD

Welcome to the collaboration!

Thank you for attention!

Experiments on DY measurements

ExperimentExperiment StatusStatus RemarksRemarks

E615E615 FinishedFinished Only unpolarized DYOnly unpolarized DY

NA10NA10 FinishedFinished Only unpolarized DYOnly unpolarized DY

E886E886 RunningRunning Only unpolarized DYOnly unpolarized DY

RHICRHIC RunningRunning Detector upgrade for DYDetector upgrade for DY measurements measurements (collider)(collider)

PAXPAX Plan > 2016Plan > 2016 Problem with Problem with polarization (collider) polarization (collider)

COMPASSCOMPASS Plan > 2010Plan > 2010 Only valenceOnly valence PDFsPDFs

J-PARCJ-PARC Plan > 2011Plan > 2011 lowlow s (60-100s (60-100 GeVGeV22),), only unpolarized only unpolarized proton beamproton beam

SPASCHARMSPASCHARM

NICANICA

Plan?Plan?

Plan 2014Plan 2014

s ~s ~ 14140 0 GeVGeV22 for unpolarized proton beam for unpolarized proton beam

s ~ 670 GeVs ~ 670 GeV22 for polarized proton beams, for polarized proton beams, high luminosity (collider)high luminosity (collider)

p

Preliminary estimations of the DY processes feasibility(first stage)

DY cross sections (nb) in comparison with PAX (GSI,FAIR) and possibility to increase the statistics (month of data taking)

Preliminary estimations of J/ statistics in comparison with DY statistics

NICA

T

NB

Round Table Discussion

Dubna, July 7-9, 2005 http://theor.jinr.ru/meetings/2005/roundtable/

www.gsi.de/documents/DOC-2004-Mar-196-2.pdf

and Gluons

RHIC,SPS,NICA,FAIR

Mixed phase

BNL’s experts visit VBLHEP: Prof. S.Ozaki and Prof. M.Harrison at the KRION test bench

VBLHEP ground

31

2.3 m

4.0 m

Parameter Project Status (March 2008)

1. Circumference, m 251.5

2. Maximum B-field, T 2.05 1.5

3. Max. magn. rigidity, Tm

45 33

4. Cycle duration, s 2.0 5.0

5. B-field ramp, T/s 2.0 1.0

6. Accelerated particles p–U, p, d p-Fe, d

7. Max. energy, GeV/u12.6(p),

4.36( 238U92+)4.1(d),

[3.0( 238U92+)]

6. Intensity, ions/cycle11011(p),

1109(A/Z = 2)

11011(p),1106(Fe24+)

2108(d)

Nuclotron Parameters