Joints

Chapter 8

What is a joint?

Defined as the site where two or more bones meet.

Also called an “articulation”.

Joints allow mobility within our skeleton.

Classification of Joints

Functional classification Synarthroses Amphiarthroses Diarthroses

Classification of Joints

Structural classification Fibrous joints Cartilaginous joints Synovial joints

Classification of Joints

Classification of Joints

FIBROUS JOINTS

General Characteristics Bones are joined by fibrous tissue No joint cavity is present Most are immovable but some are

slightly moveable

Types of Fibrous Joints

Sutures

Synostosis

Gomphosis

Syndesmosis

Sutures

Synostosis

Gomphosis

Syndesmosis

CARTILAGINOUS JOINTS

General Characteristics Articulating surfaces are united by

cartilage No joint cavity Can be synarthrotic or amphiarthrotic

Types of Cartilaginous Joints

Synchondrosis

Symphysis

Synchondrosis

Symphysis

SYNOVIAL JOINTS

General Characteristics Articular bones are separated by a

fluid-filled cavity Joints of limbs Diarthrotic

Components of a Synovial Joint

Functions of a Synovial Fluid

Accessory Structures of a Synovial Joint

Movements of Synovial Joints

Axis of motion Nonaxial Uniaxial Biaxial Multiaxial

Movements of Synovial Joints

Movements Relative to Anatomical Position

Movements Relative to Anatomical Position

Movements Relative to Anatomical Position

Movements with Limited Applications

Special Movements

Classes of Synovial Joints

Classes of Synovial Joints

Joint Injuries

Sprains Dislocations Bursitis Tendonitis Synovitis

Patellar bursitis

Dislocation of the shoulder joint

Arthritis

Arthritis

Arthritis

Gouty Arthritis