Introduction of MARIN and some examples of nautical research

Jos van Doorn

HSB workshop 15-02-2012

CONTENTS

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1. Introduction MARIN

2. Introduction MARIN’s nautical centre MSCN

3. Example: Barrow exit manoeuvre

MARITIME RESEARCH INSTITUTE NETHERLANDS

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Independent and innovative service provider for the maritime sector in hydrodynamic and nautical research

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FACTS

• Located in Wageningen, Ede and Houston • Agents in Spain and Brasil • Joint Venture in China

• 300 employees • Foundation • Non-profit • Since 1932

• 9200 models • 7100 propellors

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DUAL MISSION

• To provide industry with innovative design solutions • To carry out advanced consultancy and research for the benefit

of the maritime sector as a whole

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ACTIVITIES

Simulations Model testing

Full scale Training

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FACILITIES

• Offshore Basin • Seakeeping and Manoeuvring Basin • Depressurised Wave Basin • Deep Water Towing Tank • Shallow Water Basin • High Speed Basin • Cavitation Tunnel • Full Mission Simulators • Tug Stations • Vessel Traffic Simulator • Full Scale Systems • Numerical Tools

MARIN facilities

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FACILITIES

• L x B 45 x 36 m • D 0 – 10.5 m • Movable floor • 20 m pit, 5 m diam. • X – Y carriage • Rotating arm • 6 layer current • Multi directional wave capability • Active reflection compensation • Hs = 0.35 m • Wind frame 24 m wide

Offshore basin

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FACILITIES

• L x B x D 170 x 40 x 5 m • X – Y carriage • 6 m/s, 4 m/s • Rotating arm • Captive / free sailing • 2 sides beaches • 2 sides wave flaps (331 flaps) • Multi directional waves • Active reflection compensation • Hs = 0.45 m

Seakeeping & Manoeuvring Basin

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FACILITIES

• L x B x D 240 x 18 x 8 m • 25 mbar (2500 Pa) • Resistance / propulsion • Cavitation observation / pressure

fluctuations

• 2 sides beaches, 2 sides wave flaps (224 flaps)

• Active reflection compensation

• Silent cariage / hydrophones for propeller noise measurement

• Hs = 0.45 / 0.75 m

Depressurised Wave Basin

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ORGANISATION

Management

Personnel

Finance

Quality Assurance

Communications

R&D

Research Development

MSG Simulators Software

Production Facilities

Basins

Offshore Services

T&M Full-scale Services

MSCN Nautical Services

Ships Services

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TURNOVER 2010

Turnover € 40 mln.

• Commercial service • Joint Industry Project (JIP) • Knowledge development (research)

Mission funding Market 74% 3% 15% 8% ___________ 11% 89%

Dutch public

Dutch privat

Europe

North Amerika

Asia

Rest

Regional turnover segmentation 2010

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CLIENTS

Heavy transport Yachts Tugs

Offshore production Cruise industry Ports/container vessels

LNG carrier/terminal Ferries Navies

FLNGFLNG

EXAMPLE: TUG EFFICIENCY IN WAVES

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EXAMPLE: SUBMARINE

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EXAMPLE: RENEWABLE ENERGY

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MARIN’S NAUTICAL CENTRE MSCN

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“Nautical safety and efficiency”

• Ship manoeuvring studies

- Evaluating new vessels for existing ports

- Evaluating new port lay-out, Approach channels

- Determination of operation envelope (limiting conditions)

• Risk studies

• Ship handling Training

• VTS Training

FACILITIES NAUTICAL CENTRE MSCN

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Ship manoeuvring simulators

FACILITIES NAUTICAL CENTRE MSCN

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Fast time simulations, Risk studies, VTS simulator

EXAMPLE: BARROW EXIT MANOEUVRE

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Nuclear submarines:

Built by BAE (former Vickers) in Barrow-in-Furness

LOCATION

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HISTORY (TRIDENT/VANGUARD)

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Barrow: access channel for the Trident class submarine

(1990 – 1999, with Delft Hydraulics) Contents:

• Channel design (1990 -1991)

• Training (1992 – 1999)

Plymouth: training for manoeuvres in and out of Plymouth

• Training (2005 – ongoing)

STUDIES EXECUTED FOR ASTUTE 2004/2005

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Part I: Shallow water model tests and computations for Astute (MARIN)

Part II: Channel Verification Study (MARIN/DELFT HYDRAULICS)

Task 1: Evaluation of existing situation

Task 2: Field measurements

Task 3: Flow and wave modeling

Task 4: Channel width study

Task 5: Channel depth

Task 6: Confirmation of design and procedures

PART I: MANOEUVRING CHARACTERISTICS OF ASTUTE

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Objective

Getting a robust and reliable description of the manoeuvring characteristics of Astute at the ‘Barrow trim’ in shallow water.

Investigation of relevant hydrodynamic behaviour.

Creation of mathematical simulation model for the studies in part 2

Note: Vanguard: 150 meters Astute: 100 meters

PART I: SCOPE OF WORK

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• Model manufacture

• Free sailing tests

Squat, zigzag tests

• Tests in waves in shallow water (head&beam)

• Calculations in waves (Diffrac)

• Bank suction model tests and calculations

• PMM tests

• Set-up of mathematical model

• Turning circle tests (to verify mathematical model)

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MODEL MANUFACTURE

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MODEL TEST

BANK SUCTION

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BANK SUCTION AT 15 METERS

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BANK SUCTION AT 20 METERS

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BANKSUCTION AT 30 METERS

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BANK SUCTION MODEL TESTS

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Model

Under water bank

TYPICAL STEERING BEHAVIOUR

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BEHAVIOUR IN WAVES

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Model tests were performed in:

• Head waves at 8 knots

• Beam waves at 0 knots

These results are used to tune DBSNELH calculations for all wave directions.

Results:

• Used for UKC study

• Used for bridge simulations

RESULT

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A complete and reliable mathematical manoeuvring model that includes the typical steering characteristics of Astute

PART II: CHANNEL VERIFICATION STUDY

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Task 4: Channel width study

1. Fast time simulations (comparison Vanguard 150 m and Astute 100m)

2. Real time simulations

Fast time simulation

Condition Tide

HW Vw Dir Hs Dir Vanguard M8412

[m] [m/s] [-] [m] [-]

1 8.55 4 W 0.75 W 1A-C 11A-C

2 8.55 10 W 1.75 W 2A-C 12A-C

3 9.3 4 W 0.75 W 3A-C 13A-C

4 9.3 10 W 1.75 W 4A-C 14A-C

Wind Waves Figures

CRITICAL STRETCHES

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• Dock entrance

• Piel bend

• Haws Point

FAST TIME: DEPARTURE FROM THE DOCK

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Vanguard 9.3 m tide (Env. B) M8412

PIEL BEND (9.3 M TIDE, ENV. B)

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Vanguard M8412

PIEL BEND (9.3 M TIDE, ENV. B)

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Vanguard

M8412

CONCLUSIONS FAST-TIME SIMULATIONS

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Controllability:

• Effect of typical steering behavior clearly visible

Can a pilot cope with this?

• Rudder use comparable to Vanguard (lower ship speeds!)

Exit of the dock:

• Easier compared to Vanguard (Is higher tide possible?)

Channel width used:

• Comparable to Vanguard

REAL TIME SIMULATIONS

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3 locations:

1. FMBI: Fin

2. FMBII: Control room

3. 4 tertiary bridges: Tugs

ELECTRONIC POSITIONING SYSTEM

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EXAMPLE OF VISUALS

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ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS

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Environmental data provided by Deltares

• Tide: 8.5 and 9.3 m

• Current (time dependent)

• Waves: 0.75, 1.75 and 2 meters (S and SW)

Tidal curves

4.000

4.500

5.000

5.500

6.000

6.500

7.000

7.500

8.000

8.500

9.000

9.500

10.000

09:00 09:30 10:00 10:30 11:00 11:30 12:00 12:30 13:00 13:30 14:00 14:30 15:00 15:30

Time [hrs]

Wa

terl

ev

el +

CD

[m

]

HW = 8.5 m

HW = 9.3 m

Western

waves

South

Western

waves

STRATEGY LEAVING THE DOCK

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4 Tugs alongside

NORMAL SIMULATIONS

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Critical manoeuvres:

• Dock exit

• Piel bend passage

• Haws Point passage

Analyses:

• Discussion of individual runs

• Analyses of combined runs

• Controllability (criteria!)

• Channel width used (Swept Path, criteria!)

EXAMPLE OF A MANOEUVRE

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Out

er C

hann

el

Walney Channel

Piel

Haws Point

DOCK ENTRANCE

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Analyses of individual runs

SWEPT PATH: ASTUTE + TUGS

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8.5 m tide 9.3 m tide

SWEPT PATH ASTUTE

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Piel Bend 9.3 m tide Haws Point

CONCLUSIONS

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• Most critical passage is Piel bend (safety limits are exceeded)

• Vessel always well within the channel: width is sufficient

• Timing is very important (support from Electronic Positioning system)

• Steering characteristic: can be coped with

• Learning effect (training) visible

EMERGENCY SIMULATIONS

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Rudder failure Manoeuvre back into the dock

Engine failure

QUESTIONS ?

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Question to HSB members

QUESTION FOR HSB

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For a project we are executing we are looking for the following information:

The procedure to analyze multi-beam data for the development of nautical charts

1. Verification of data and elimination of wrong data

2. Procedures from these data => nautical chart

International standards?

Examples from other various countries