JournalJournal

Read: Read:

Mark 1:40-45.Mark 1:40-45.

Matthew 10:1-14Matthew 10:1-14

Matthew 12:38-42Matthew 12:38-42

John 4:46-54John 4:46-54

What different motivations does Jesus have for doing/not doing What different motivations does Jesus have for doing/not doing miracles? What kind of belief does he want to affect in others?miracles? What kind of belief does he want to affect in others?

JESUS CHRIST:JESUS CHRIST:GODGOD’’S REVELATION TO S REVELATION TO

THE WORLDTHE WORLDCHAPTER 8CHAPTER 8

JESUSJESUS’’ MIRACLES AND THE PASCHAL MYSTERY MIRACLES AND THE PASCHAL MYSTERY

JESUSJESUS

JesusJesus

Objectives for today:Objectives for today:

-Review the Kingdom of God.-Review the Kingdom of God.

-Miracles-Miracles

-The type of miracles Jesus performed-The type of miracles Jesus performed

JesusJesus

Jesus spoke in parables.Jesus spoke in parables.

Symbolic action to make a point.Symbolic action to make a point.

Jesus and the Kingdom of Jesus and the Kingdom of God/HeavenGod/Heaven

What is prominent in Jesus’ Teaching?What is prominent in Jesus’ Teaching?

1. God1. God’’s rule through Jesuss rule through Jesus

2. Judgment will occur and some will be saved (cf. 2. Judgment will occur and some will be saved (cf. Matt 7:21).Matt 7:21).

3. Composition of the Kingdom reverses expectations.3. Composition of the Kingdom reverses expectations.

4. Kingdom will be marked by great deeds.4. Kingdom will be marked by great deeds.

Pattern of Miracle Pattern of Miracle StoriesStories

IntroductionIntroduction

Display of faithDisplay of faith

JesusJesus’’ response response

Result of the miracleResult of the miracle

PeoplePeople’’s reactions reaction

The Challenge of MiraclesThe Challenge of Miracles

Miracles of Apollonius of Miracles of Apollonius of TyanaTyana

Philostratus, Philostratus, The Life of Apollonius of Tyana 3.39.1-The Life of Apollonius of Tyana 3.39.1-1010There also arrived a man who was lame. he was already There also arrived a man who was lame. he was already thirty years old and was a keen hunter of lions; but a lion had thirty years old and was a keen hunter of lions; but a lion had sprung upon him and dislocated his hip so that he limped with sprung upon him and dislocated his hip so that he limped with one leg. . However, when Apollonius massaged his hip with one leg. . However, when Apollonius massaged his hip with his hands, the youth immediately recovered his upright gait. his hands, the youth immediately recovered his upright gait. And another man had had his eyes put out, and he went away And another man had had his eyes put out, and he went away having recovered the sight of both of them. Yet another man having recovered the sight of both of them. Yet another man had his hand paralyzed, but left the presence of Apollonius had his hand paralyzed, but left the presence of Apollonius and his disciples with full possession of the limb.and his disciples with full possession of the limb.

Philostratus, Philostratus, The Life of Apollonius of Tyana 4.45The Life of Apollonius of Tyana 4.45 A girl A girl had died just in the hour of her marriage and the bridegroom had died just in the hour of her marriage and the bridegroom was following her bier lamenting as was natural, his marriage was following her bier lamenting as was natural, his marriage left unfulfilled, and the whole of Rome was mourning with him, left unfulfilled, and the whole of Rome was mourning with him, for the maiden belonged to a consular family. Apollonius, for the maiden belonged to a consular family. Apollonius, then, witnessing their grief said, then, witnessing their grief said, ““Put down the bier, for I will Put down the bier, for I will stay the tears that you are shedding for this maiden.stay the tears that you are shedding for this maiden.”” And And withal he asked what was her name…touching her and withal he asked what was her name…touching her and whispering quietly something to her, at once she woke up the whispering quietly something to her, at once she woke up the maiden from her seeming death. And the girl spoke aloud, maiden from her seeming death. And the girl spoke aloud, and returned to her fatherand returned to her father’’s house for all to see.s house for all to see.

Challenges of Ancient Challenges of Ancient MiraclesMiracles

1.1. The ancient world was more prone to identify and The ancient world was more prone to identify and believe in miracles. believe in miracles.

2.2. Ancient writers had temptations for Ancient writers had temptations for embellishment in texts of persuasion that cannot embellishment in texts of persuasion that cannot be checked.be checked.

3.3. Evidence in literary texts of persuasion could Evidence in literary texts of persuasion could have literary purposes. (Mark 6:39-44, parallel to have literary purposes. (Mark 6:39-44, parallel to last supper?)last supper?)

Evidence in literary texts of persuasion could have literary Evidence in literary texts of persuasion could have literary purposes.purposes.

Mark 6:39-44 Mark 6:39-44 39 Then he ordered them to get all the 39 Then he ordered them to get all the people to sit down in groups on the green grass. 40 So people to sit down in groups on the green grass. 40 So they sat down in groups of hundreds and of fifties. 41 they sat down in groups of hundreds and of fifties. 41 Taking the five loaves and the two fish, he looked up to Taking the five loaves and the two fish, he looked up to heaven, and blessed and broke the loaves, and gave heaven, and blessed and broke the loaves, and gave them to his disciples to set before the people; and he them to his disciples to set before the people; and he divided the two fish among them all. 42 And all ate and divided the two fish among them all. 42 And all ate and were filled; 43 and they took up twelve baskets full of were filled; 43 and they took up twelve baskets full of broken pieces and of the fish. 44 Those who had eaten broken pieces and of the fish. 44 Those who had eaten the loaves numbered five thousand men.the loaves numbered five thousand men.

Mark 14:22-23 Mark 14:22-23 While they were eating, he took a loaf While they were eating, he took a loaf of bread, and after blessing it he broke it, gave it to the of bread, and after blessing it he broke it, gave it to the disciples, and said, "Take; this is my body." disciples, and said, "Take; this is my body."

Jesus as the New MosesJesus as the New Moses

Mark 6:39-40 Mark 6:39-40 Then he ordered Then he ordered them to get all the them to get all the people to sit down people to sit down in groups on the in groups on the green grass. So green grass. So they sat down in they sat down in groups of hundreds groups of hundreds and of fifties.and of fifties.

Jesus then feeds Jesus then feeds the groupsthe groups

Numbers 1:17-42 Numbers 1:17-42 Moses breaks all his Moses breaks all his followers into followers into groups groups

Moses then feeds Moses then feeds the groupsthe groups

The Miracles of JesusThe Miracles of Jesus

o Matthew 14:35-36 Matthew 14:35-36 After the people of that place After the people of that place recognized him, they sent word throughout the region recognized him, they sent word throughout the region and brought all who were sick to him, 36 and begged and brought all who were sick to him, 36 and begged him that they might touch even the fringe of his cloak; him that they might touch even the fringe of his cloak; and all who touched it were healed.and all who touched it were healed.

Mark 3:22-23 Mark 3:22-23 And the scribes who came down from And the scribes who came down from Jerusalem said, "He has Beelzebul, and by the ruler of Jerusalem said, "He has Beelzebul, and by the ruler of the demons he casts out demons." 23 And he called the demons he casts out demons." 23 And he called them to him, and spoke to them in parables, "How can them to him, and spoke to them in parables, "How can Satan cast out Satan?Satan cast out Satan?

John 8:48-49 John 8:48-49 The Jews answered him, "Are we not The Jews answered him, "Are we not right in saying that you are a Samaritan and have a right in saying that you are a Samaritan and have a demon?" 49 Jesus answered, "I do not have a demon; demon?" 49 Jesus answered, "I do not have a demon; but I honor my Father, and you dishonor me.but I honor my Father, and you dishonor me.

o Matthew 12:27 Matthew 12:27 If I cast out demons by Beelzebul, by If I cast out demons by Beelzebul, by whom do your own exorcists cast them out?whom do your own exorcists cast them out?

Types of Types of MiraclesMiracles

ExorcismsExorcisms

““Expulsion of an evil spiritExpulsion of an evil spirit””

Expulsion of a legion of spirits Expulsion of a legion of spirits from a crazy man which went from a crazy man which went

into a herd of swineinto a herd of swine

Raisings from the DeadRaisings from the Dead

WidowWidow’’s son at Nain; the s son at Nain; the daughter of Jarius; his friend, daughter of Jarius; his friend,

LazarusLazarus

Types of Types of MiraclesMiracles

Physical healingsPhysical healings

Caused blind to see and deaf Caused blind to see and deaf to hear, cured skin diseases to hear, cured skin diseases

and sufferingsand sufferings

Nature miraclesNature miracles

Calmed a storm, walked on Calmed a storm, walked on water, changed water into water, changed water into

wine, fed five thousand wine, fed five thousand people from five loaves of people from five loaves of

bread and two fishbread and two fish

1. Exorcisms.1. Exorcisms.

Matthew 8:28-32 Matthew 8:28-32 28 When he came to the 28 When he came to the other side, to the country of the Gadarenes, two other side, to the country of the Gadarenes, two demoniacs coming out of the tombs met him. demoniacs coming out of the tombs met him. They were so fierce that no one could pass that They were so fierce that no one could pass that way. 29 Suddenly they shouted, "What have way. 29 Suddenly they shouted, "What have you to do with us, Son of God? Have you come you to do with us, Son of God? Have you come here to torment us before the time?" 30 Now a here to torment us before the time?" 30 Now a large herd of swine was feeding at some large herd of swine was feeding at some distance from them. 31 The demons begged distance from them. 31 The demons begged him, "If you cast us out, send us into the herd of him, "If you cast us out, send us into the herd of swine." 32 And he said to them, "Go!" So they swine." 32 And he said to them, "Go!" So they came out and entered the swine; and suddenly, came out and entered the swine; and suddenly, the whole herd rushed down the steep bank into the whole herd rushed down the steep bank into the sea and perished in the water.the sea and perished in the water.

2. Healings2. Healings

Mark 5:25-34 Mark 5:25-34 25 Now there was a woman who had been 25 Now there was a woman who had been suffering from hemorrhages for twelve years. 26 She had suffering from hemorrhages for twelve years. 26 She had endured much under many physicians, and had spent all that endured much under many physicians, and had spent all that she had; and she was no better, but rather grew worse. 27 she had; and she was no better, but rather grew worse. 27 She had heard about Jesus, and came up behind him in the She had heard about Jesus, and came up behind him in the crowd and touched his cloak, 28 for she said, "If I but touch crowd and touched his cloak, 28 for she said, "If I but touch his clothes, I will be made well." 29 Immediately her his clothes, I will be made well." 29 Immediately her hemorrhage stopped; and she felt in her body that she was hemorrhage stopped; and she felt in her body that she was healed of her disease. 30 Immediately aware that power had healed of her disease. 30 Immediately aware that power had gone forth from him, Jesus turned about in the crowd and said, gone forth from him, Jesus turned about in the crowd and said, "Who touched my clothes?" 31 And his disciples said to him, "Who touched my clothes?" 31 And his disciples said to him, "You see the crowd pressing in on you; how can you say, 'Who "You see the crowd pressing in on you; how can you say, 'Who touched me?'" 32 He looked all around to see who had done touched me?'" 32 He looked all around to see who had done it. 33 But the woman, knowing what had happened to her, it. 33 But the woman, knowing what had happened to her, came in fear and trembling, fell down before him, and told him came in fear and trembling, fell down before him, and told him the whole truth. 34 He said to her, "Daughter, your faith has the whole truth. 34 He said to her, "Daughter, your faith has made you well; go in peace, and be healed of your disease."made you well; go in peace, and be healed of your disease."

3. Nature Miracles3. Nature Miracles

Mark 6:41-42 Mark 6:41-42 Taking the five loaves and the two fish, he Taking the five loaves and the two fish, he looked up to heaven, and blessed and broke the loaves, and looked up to heaven, and blessed and broke the loaves, and gave them to his disciples to set before the people; and he gave them to his disciples to set before the people; and he divided the two fish among them all. 42 And all ate and were divided the two fish among them all. 42 And all ate and were filled;filled;

Mark 8:7-9 Mark 8:7-9 They had also a few small fish; and after blessing They had also a few small fish; and after blessing them, he ordered that these too should be distributed. 8 They them, he ordered that these too should be distributed. 8 They ate and were filled; and they took up the broken pieces left ate and were filled; and they took up the broken pieces left over, seven baskets full. 9 Now there were about four thousand over, seven baskets full. 9 Now there were about four thousand people. And he sent them away.people. And he sent them away.

o Mark 1:26-28 Mark 1:26-28 26 And the unclean spirit, convulsing him and 26 And the unclean spirit, convulsing him and crying with a loud voice, came out of him. 27 They were all crying with a loud voice, came out of him. 27 They were all amazed, and they kept on asking one another, "What is this? A amazed, and they kept on asking one another, "What is this? A new teaching-- with authority! He commands even the unclean new teaching-- with authority! He commands even the unclean spirits, and they obey him." 28 At once his fame began to spirits, and they obey him." 28 At once his fame began to spread throughout the surrounding region of Galilee.spread throughout the surrounding region of Galilee.

o John 6:14-15 John 6:14-15 14 When the people saw the sign that he had 14 When the people saw the sign that he had done, they began to say, "This is indeed the prophet who is to done, they began to say, "This is indeed the prophet who is to come into the world." 15 When Jesus realized that they were come into the world." 15 When Jesus realized that they were about to come and take him by force to make him king, he about to come and take him by force to make him king, he withdrew again to the mountain by himself.withdrew again to the mountain by himself.

Perspectives on JesusPerspectives on Jesus’’ HealingHealing

1.1. Jesus: the one touched by GodJesus: the one touched by God Luke 7:20-23 Luke 7:20-23 When the men had come to him, When the men had come to him,

they said, "John the Baptist has sent us to you to they said, "John the Baptist has sent us to you to ask, 'Are you the one who is to come, or are we to ask, 'Are you the one who is to come, or are we to wait for another?'" 21 Jesus had just then cured wait for another?'" 21 Jesus had just then cured many people of diseases, plagues, and evil spirits, many people of diseases, plagues, and evil spirits, and had given sight to many who were blind. 22 and had given sight to many who were blind. 22 And he answered them, "Go and tell John what you And he answered them, "Go and tell John what you have seen and heard: the blind receive their sight, have seen and heard: the blind receive their sight, the lame walk, the lepers are cleansed, the deaf the lame walk, the lepers are cleansed, the deaf hear, the dead are raised, the poor have good hear, the dead are raised, the poor have good news brought to them. 23 And blessed is anyone news brought to them. 23 And blessed is anyone who takes no offense at me."who takes no offense at me."

2. Jesus the Miracle 2. Jesus the Miracle WorkerWorker

Morton Smith: Jesus the Morton Smith: Jesus the Magician?Magician?

Mark 8:22-25 Mark 8:22-25 They came They came to Bethsaida. Some people to Bethsaida. Some people brought a blind man to him brought a blind man to him and begged him to touch and begged him to touch him. 23 He took the blind him. 23 He took the blind man by the hand and led man by the hand and led him out of the village; and him out of the village; and when he had put saliva on when he had put saliva on his eyes and laid his hands his eyes and laid his hands on him, he asked him, "Can on him, he asked him, "Can you see anything?" 24 And you see anything?" 24 And the man looked up and the man looked up and said, "I can see people, but said, "I can see people, but they look like trees, they look like trees, walking." 25 Then Jesus walking." 25 Then Jesus laid his hands on his eyes laid his hands on his eyes again; and he looked again; and he looked intently and his sight was intently and his sight was restored, and he saw restored, and he saw everything clearly.everything clearly.

3. Jesus3. Jesus’’ Miracles were Miracles were signs of the New Kingdomsigns of the New Kingdom

Luke 11:14-20 Luke 11:14-20 Now he was casting out a demon that was mute; Now he was casting out a demon that was mute; when the demon had gone out, the one who had been mute spoke, when the demon had gone out, the one who had been mute spoke, and the crowds were amazed. 15 But some of them said, "He casts and the crowds were amazed. 15 But some of them said, "He casts out demons by Beelzebul, the ruler of the demons." 16 Others, to test out demons by Beelzebul, the ruler of the demons." 16 Others, to test him, kept demanding from him a sign from heaven. 17 But he knew him, kept demanding from him a sign from heaven. 17 But he knew what they were thinking and said to them, "Every kingdom divided what they were thinking and said to them, "Every kingdom divided against itself becomes a desert, and house falls on house. 18 If Satan against itself becomes a desert, and house falls on house. 18 If Satan also is divided against himself, how will his kingdom stand?-- for you also is divided against himself, how will his kingdom stand?-- for you say that I cast out the demons by Beelzebul. 19 Now if I cast out the say that I cast out the demons by Beelzebul. 19 Now if I cast out the demons by Beelzebul, by whom do your exorcists cast them out? demons by Beelzebul, by whom do your exorcists cast them out? Therefore they will be your judges. 20 But if it is by the finger of God Therefore they will be your judges. 20 But if it is by the finger of God that I cast out the demons, then the kingdom of God has come to you.that I cast out the demons, then the kingdom of God has come to you.

Matthew 10:5-8 Matthew 10:5-8 These twelve Jesus sent out with the following These twelve Jesus sent out with the following instructions: "Go nowhere among the Gentiles, and enter no town of instructions: "Go nowhere among the Gentiles, and enter no town of the Samaritans, 6 but go rather to the lost sheep of the house of the Samaritans, 6 but go rather to the lost sheep of the house of Israel. 7 As you go, proclaim the good news, 'The kingdom of heaven Israel. 7 As you go, proclaim the good news, 'The kingdom of heaven has come near.' 8 Cure the sick, raise the dead, cleanse the lepers, has come near.' 8 Cure the sick, raise the dead, cleanse the lepers, cast out demons.cast out demons.

How Jesus Differed How Jesus Differed from Other Healers of from Other Healers of

his Dayhis Day

There is no record that There is no record that anyone else cured such anyone else cured such a variety of problemsa variety of problems

Jesus did not engage in Jesus did not engage in bizarre ritualsbizarre rituals

Jesus did not perform Jesus did not perform miracles for paymiracles for pay

New Testament New Testament Understanding of MiraclesUnderstanding of Miracles

DynamisDynamis: : ““acts of poweracts of power””

ErgonErgon: : ““workwork””

SemeionSemeion: : ““signsign””

JesusJesus’’ miracles reveal miracles reveal GodGod’’s powers power

JesusJesus’’ miracles are signs miracles are signs of Godof God’’s Kingdoms Kingdom

Raising of LazarusRaising of Lazarus

It symbolizes that through It symbolizes that through Jesus our own resurrection Jesus our own resurrection

takes place!takes place!

JesusJesus

Read: Read:

Mark 1:40-45.Mark 1:40-45.

Matthew 10:1-14Matthew 10:1-14

Matthew 12:38-42Matthew 12:38-42

John 4:46-54John 4:46-54

What different motivations does Jesus have for doing/not doing What different motivations does Jesus have for doing/not doing miracles? What kind of belief does he want to affect in others?miracles? What kind of belief does he want to affect in others?