10FA 11390.AIR

Chief, EL'

Chief of Balle t Frankfurt

Operational/CART

(7 Initial ReportREFERENCE: EGFA 11197

1. In June1956ment in February 1956, ceived from the U. S. Air Force a routine invita-tion to come to the 7056 Air Intelligence aervioe Squadron . in Frankfurt andbe debriefed on hie . experiences - and Observations while in the Soviet Union.Although he was scheduled to aapearona26 June, • he arrived on the 20th, andat the outset of his interview volunteered the information that he haa beencaptured by the Russians while serving with Lithuanian partisans in1947, was doubled against the partisans by the MGBI remained in an MaBeoonetrolled "trusty" status- until the beginning of 1955, and was then prepared,over a year's time, for an apparently long-range espionage mission in theWest. He stated that since returning to his parents' home in the Saarlandhe had been unemployed., living from veteran rehabilitation subsidies, andthat ho had taken no steps whatever in the diaection of carrying out hisRIS mission. lie further etated that he had never before discussed , any aspectOf the matter with any person, privately or officially. -The Air Force detere

. minadthat KUM= had a - primary interest in the matter, and turned overto FOB/CART on 21 June.

2aa -•,3 was born in Saarlouis (Saarlautern) on 1 June 1.9231.theson of Liatalas , - - - - and Anna nee Adams. He attended Volkaachule andone year of business schoolin Saarlouis, held a small commercial positionthere as well as being engaged in several parental business. ventures. In.1941 he was called into . the • German Labor aervice, and after three monthstransferred directly to the Army, where he was trained as a Signal Corps . •

telephoniet and chauffeur '. Ita.the Fall of 1941 he was assigned to thesignal battalion of the 56th Corps, and in 1942 was transferred to the161st • Infantry Division, where he remained until the end of the war. • The •

161st was attached to the . Mittelabsohnitt on the Russian front. He wastaken prisoner in the rank of Obergepeiter, in April 1945, when the entireunit capitulated to the Red Army at Heiligen Geil in Ialst Prussia. Actually,

:leas not picked up until .a day or so after the surrender of hisunit. He had attempted, with °eaters, to make off by sea from the Coast, but.was picked up by a small. Russian unit, put to work for several days, and then.turned over to an M.11 detachment in :Tapiau, aast Prussia. • De was held by theLIGB unit for three weeks, during which time he was interroaated as to thereason why he had not _surrendered : with the . rest of his division. Tie= hewas moved to a prison in Allenatein, East Prussia. This . jail was eccupiedpriaarila by Gentian. Civilians. who were suspected by the Russians of having

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SOURCESM ETHOOSEXEMPT ION 3020NAZI WAR CR IMES DISCLOSURE ACT

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SECRET gomA 11390Page Two

committed act* of sabotaff, against the Red. Army. In the Fall of 1945 hewas sent, with the other to the P0, 1 camp at Insterburg, which iaapproximately 30 miles from the Lithuanian border, In the Spring of 1946,when the prisoners were to be chipped to the Soviet 'Union, he eacaped witha camp acquaintance naMed ttrnold a'chneider, and fled to Lithuania. Jchnoider,•he has since heard, wae later killed while fighting with the Lithuanianpartisans..

.3. :imports that at the time of his escape from PM confine.ment he didn't know that a partisan organisation existed in Lithuania. Hemanaged to keep alive-for approximately four months through the aia given• byfarmers, who helped him because they had been sympathetic to the German oausHe stayed for about fourteen days at a farm in the Marianpol area, duringthe .snmmer of 1946, and was there introduced to a member of the partisan .forces, and thereupon joined them. The partisan forces were comprised

almost entirely of Lithuanian nationals, but there were alscsome formerGerman Wehrmacht members fighting with them. the Germans took part in thefighting activitiesof the groups, but did not participate in the planningsessione that prededed these actions, sines they apparently did not enjoythe full confidence Of the partisans. After some weeks with his partisangroup,sworn.in in the presence of the Lithuanian flag, giventhe 'clever name ''Peter" and a weapon, and assigned to fighting duties.Activities of ths . partisans included raids on Russian transportation andmoney shipments, distribution of the patriotic newspaper "Taurus," andassassinations of persons who collaborated with the Ruesians.

4. Quo day in April 1947, C did a bit of oelebrating witha partisan friend known to him only as sof." They tarried through thenight at the home of two girls, and were then afraid to attempt to get:backto the woods in the daylight. They sought refuge at the home of friends in44 neighborhood, but the commotion resulting from their efforts to gain entryto the house attraotod the attention of the nearby Russians, and they werecaptured. Their intended rescuers were also taken into custody.

5. He was first confined in the jail in Marianpel for about four weeks.Here he was interrogated at length by the MCB, and admittedly did a good bitof talking in order to save hie own akin. No harsh treatment waa given, pre-sumably because it wasn't neoesaary. He was then transferred to Jail /A in

,Vilnwns. There, formal arrest papers and other documenti were prepared, andj awaited Ford of his sentence, which most certainly would be 25

years in a prison camp, or death. after about three months' confinementin Jail /.1, throe moll came to his cell. Two of them wore civilians, theother wore the uniform of an MC.11 major. (The major will hereafter be referredto as "B".) The men were frieadly and full of understanding for his position,stating that they raareeiated that he was not fiehtina with the -artisans as a

sErR I:TT EGFA 11390Page Three

matter of choice, but . simply . boofwse they had offered him a haven afterhe eseeped from POW confinement. - tie was invited to aesist the MaB inits efforte to wipe, out the eartisans, and acceeted. He did not find thedeciaion e diffioult one to reach, with Jiberie the alternative. It wasdesired him that he accompany two other men, alec. eeubled.eartisene,in delivering a letter to e, epecifiod partisan group, at its place of

•hiding, ereatine the impreesion that the letter was coming from anotheractive partisan unit. 3protested that he ould certainly beMhot.on sight in any l

wempt to approach an unknown partisan stronghold but

was assured that the 'other mon would be accepted by the partisans, andthat there was no danger. He than accepted, believing that the expeditionmight offer an oppertunity for escape. About a week , after agreeing toparticipate in this mission, he was taken from Jail and placed in a,single room in the oellar of the MGB headquarters located in the 3talinallee(then the Oedemino Ut.) near Lenin square in Vilnyue. The food , was good,and the general treatment was that accorded a "trusty" rather than a prisoner.

On the day set for the mission he was brought together with the other twomen, who, like himself ., had been garbed in partisan-type clothing, and eivena weapon. They were taken by several soldiers and driven in an automobile toa point in the country, whore the three got out And proceeded to a point inthe woods Ahere contact was •made with a partisan member. This person wassimply handed a letter and the three . departed.0 • 3aieumes that theletter contained instructions to the partisan group to proceed to a setrendezvous with another ueite where they 'would be ambused by the MG/4 Heaid not make any attempt to escape, since he gained the impression that theother two WOVE/ loyal to the Russians, and would shoot him if he made a falsemove. Upon his return to Vilnius he was complimented by the Russians onhis geod performance and told that after a few minor details had been

settled he would be permitted to return to Germany. In the meantime hewould continue to occupy the cellar room. 'Actually it was another eightand oneehalf years before he saw his home. again.

6. At the end of the summer of 1947 he was taken to an eadsafehouse,a 'villa situated in the Pavilnie suburb of VilnyuSe The place Wes surroundedby 4 high fence and there was always a guard at the entrance. It was under.,stood that thie'was not to be a permanent change of residenoe, but rather a -temporary opportunity to relax and have a change of scenery before bein,5sent out on a special aeiignment. The other residents of the villa . were •former partisans and Lithuanian auxiliary Police. The atmosphere waspleasant, and the men conver ged freely among themselves, but shop talk Wascompletely excluded, From the villa CI 3was dispatched with • el groupto take part in a decoptien exercise of a. type which, with certain variations,was to be repeated frequently in the years that 'followed, In this instance .the purpose was to stage, with MeB personnel disguised as partisans, are•Ambush on'oVert MOB olards who were escortin& a prisoner from one point toanother, As well. as C._ =1 understood t4.o tactic, the purpose was to

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ECRU BOVA 11590Page Four

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convince the captive that he had really been liberated from his guards bythe partisans, and thus extract voluntarily from him a confession of histrue status and position, which the B hap been unable to gain throughnormal interrogation methods. To support the ruse, the MOB had construoteda °convincing, partisan-type hideout in . the woods, and to this place the"liberated" captive was taken following the ambush. Here he was ready totalk freely about matters that he had been ooncealing during his interroga-tions, and only after he had finished his sons did he realise that hisaudience was Reesian-oontrolled. 3 services were useful in thatby speaking a few words of German bring the proosedings he added 'credibilityto the partisan masquerade. We have not yet questioned C: -lin detailon What ford his other missions of this general category assumedrbut it isunderstood that the purpose in all cases was some form of deception, prove.cation, or ambush.

. 7. According to interrogation testimony, nothing of noteoccurred in his own life or in his NOB status until the summer of 1952. Hecontinued to reside most of the time in the cellar room. At that time hewas visited by an MOB Major ("A") Who said that he was from Moscow. "A"talked. at considerable length on the political situation in West GermaVaand particularly deplored the way the Germans were being exploited by theAmericans. The United States was preparing the Germans to fight itsEuropean battles for it, and 41" the Americans the Germans were nothing morethan cannon fodder. Woald1:__ _2* be willing to assist the Soviet Onion.in ite fight for peace? L. _plaid that he was ready and was assuredthat the matter would be discussed further in the near future. About ten •days later he was taken to one of the upstairs Offices in the Headquarters'

building, *here "A"., two other Russians in mufti (ono of these is describedas "B" in paragraph 20), and a Lithuanian born German were present. It wasthe wish of the MOD that -land the other German Accompany eachother on a mission to the Feeerei'Republio. The nature of the mission was

not revealed. The Lithuanian, however, protested that he was quite unqualifiedfor such an undertaking, since he had hardly ever been in any part of theOld Reich, *as completely unfamiliar with West Germany and ite people, andhad•no plausible reason for going. there. This terminated the discussion,ante 49 it developed, the plat, because it was never mentioned again. Bothmen were cautioned never to mention the matter to anyone. At a later date

,)heard et the Pavilnis villa that the Lithuanian German had notbeen able to keep his mouth Out.

O. Finally, in January-February 1955 4C_ :]was introduced, to aCaptain DUBROWIN, Who was to be his case officer and prepare him for hisdispatch to the West in January 1956. Re was assigned the pseudonym BALAUDISwhich is the Lithuanian word for "dove." The first step was to establish him.as a regular resident of the Villa.. He was advised that his status hadchanged to that of a "Freier" (this is the German term used bs him), and he

EWA 11390Page rive

wee henceforth permitted to move about as he wished, being provided Withspending money for entertainment purposes. He could visit Vilnius as

often as he pleased, andvexcept for certain obligations indicated below,oould spend his time any way he wished. He was, however, reeuired to returnto the villa each night to sleep. In reality, the complete freedom of at:mo-ment that he enjoyed, at least between the villa and the city of Vilnyuslprovided eater for his frequent meetings with DUBROVIN, *lob commenced atthis time. Be weuld, an certain daysi go to the salty for the apparent purposeof amusing himself, and then report to DVBROwIN In the MGB building forinstruction. DUBROWIN shared Room #21 on the third floor (U.S.) with afirst lieutenant.

9. The main training effort conducted directly by DUBROW1N concernedthe building of a legend oansonant with his intended return to Germany in aPOW transport. NO element in his true biography was altered up to that

point in 1947 when, while fighting with the partisans, he was taken prisoner.But at that point on, according to the legend, he had been tried, andsentenced to 25 years confinement in a prison camp. In order that at a laterdate he would be able to convincingly describe his trial, it was arranged .that he attend actual court proceedings of a nature similar to what he wouldhave been exposed to had things gone differenAy with him. And further, hewas taken by DUBROWIN to the prison camp VC 62/4-2, situated east of Gorki,and there epent fifteen days studying all aspects of the ewe life andstructure, so that he would be able to give a convincing account of theeight years that he supposedly spent there. He believes that the HIS took•the added precaution of having him confined, according to the legen4 in a•camp where no other German POW's were held, thus reducing the possibility ofhis story being blow' through a chance meeting with a bona fide eMi.Inmateof the camp.

lg. ela training was given by a woman whose name is not known to

CeBROW1N would rent a room in one of the major hotels in Vilnyas and giveAbout fifteen training sessions were held. On each occasion,

the her tOC__ who would go there in the evening and await thearrival Of the instrUbtress. She would bring with, her all materialsnecessary for the inetruction, conduct the busi ens in a highly. professionaland imPopeossl Manner, and then depart. He had the choice of ecoUPYing theroom for the rest of the night or returning to his own quarters.

11. Instruction was given in both writing and developing 0 messages,although, as indicated later, the plan to have C.- receive correspon-dence in this form was eorapped just before his departure for West Germany.The actual methods taught will be described later in this dispatch. Similarly,the communications instructions given to him, both the provisional and thefinal, will be taken up separately.

EOPA 11390Page Six

12. After spending about two months at the villa, Awes"diseharged" from the service of the MOB, and he therewith termina od hisreeidenoe in the villa. He was one of several pereons who ware overtlyreleased from servioe. He does not know if this amounted to a real separa-tion in the other oases, but his own relationship with the R1$ continueduninterrupted on a covert baste. He moved first to a room in the HotelTilnyue, and then to a single room arranged for him by DUBROMIN at No. 4Tartaren Street in Vilnyue. The IWO*, evidently permanently held by theHIS, had a separate entrance from the street. The people residing in theremainder of the house were apparently not oonneoted with the HIS.

13. His contacts with DUBROWIN continued on an almost daily basis,either with gr j going to Dunowrit ie *Moo; or being visited in hisroom by DIM ,o. DUBROUIE could be reached on the telephone at 88-612 or613. He was given spending money on a re gular basis, but in each ease onlyemough to carry him for two or three days. While etill living at the villahe bad been given a Sorki (Leioa type) camera, and Some books on photography.He was enjoined to keep these possessions a secret from the other villaresidents. After moving into Ifilerus, he was given a permit to earn' acamore and to take pictures of public structures, and was thus providedwith something of an employment cover. He was also supplied with adeveloping kit so that he could develop pictures in his room. Mainly, asstated. DUBROWIN drilled him an his legend during this period, and, asCI - ddescribee it, endeavored to Wail his With the proper state ofmind for the mission ahead. Ue vas told that on the outside the dangerOf being surveilled always existed, and he was given theoretical instructionin how to frustrate such efforts. PartioulerlY, he was Owen advice on hoebast to drop a letter into a mailbox when he knew or felt that he was underObservation. In November 195),(: made the above-mentioned visitto the penal institution in the company of1 DIOROWIN 1 travelling by pianoas far as Moscow, and proceeding from there by train to the camp site, about500 ki east of Gorki. as lived there as an official visitor, and was ableto see parts of the camp pertinent to his legend. He was not reeuired tolive the life of a real internee. After fifteen dare in the camp the twonon returned to Moscow. Where they remained three or emir days, staying atthe Hotel Suropa. C a single rem, and had no foaling ofWag under guard. Several officials in civilian clothes cane to see himat the hotel, and both the prison wasp Orientation and the future *lesionto Germany were discussed in general terms. It was told that he would bepresented with final written instructions vhee he returned to Vilnyus.

14. ne had given up his room in Ve •Tartaren St. prior to leaving forthe prison camp, and when he got back, around the middle of December. 1955, heput up at a hotel until his final departure for Mosaow in the first week ofJanuary, In Vilnyus MITIOwIN issued him the sort of clothing that a sovietprisoner would wear, and he was instructed to pack t h ese with his belongings

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EOFA 11590Page Seven

when he departed for Moscow. But he wao not given further instructions onhis miaktion or oommunications. On about 6 January C._ _land:0)3RM=left by train for Moscow and stayed originally at the Hotel Leningrad, andthen at a hotel on the Mayakavski 5quare, (the name could not be recalled).Hero he was again visited by the two men in civilian clothes, accompanied byanother man ("0" in paragraph 20) Who was clearly the superior and took chargeof the meeting. The latter rejected the plan that had been set up for

:Ireceipt of *outages, and ehortened considerably the nrevaredCtatement or the mission, shieh was then signed by a•e :3also signed, as an indication of having understood* a statement outlininghis legend, And one covering the final communicatione arrangements.

15. On 10 January he was taken by automobile to a point about one kmdistant from the entrance to transient Clamp l4, which is situated near theNikovo (phonstio) suburb of Moscow. Guards from the oamp ease to the auto.mobile and escorted him to the camp, where he was registered in as a regularprisoner. On the same afternoon, however, he was taken out of the eamp, onthe pretext that he was being taken directly to a transport, ahl driven beakto Moscow, Re spent that evening in a hotel, and on 11 January, dressed inappropriate clothing, he was taken to a Moscow freight station and placed ona train of returnees that was passing through the city on its Ivor to theWest. On 16 January he entered the Federal Republic at Herlingehaueen, wasprocessed at the Friedland camp and proceeded to his parent's home in theSaar.

16. :Alms trained in both preparing and develop"tag 3/W messages, fllthough the plan for him to receive messages in this formwee caneelled just before his departure for the West. The carbon method wasselected for the transmission of messages by him, and he was apparently givenenough practice in this to make certain that his product would be satisfactory.Vollowing familiar techniques, he would first write an open text message ona piece of fairly good quality writing paper, making the message sufficientlylong that it covered at least three pages. The first and third sides (netsheets) were the epee that would contain the 311W. The first (and sabeeqUentlythird) page of the open letter was then placed on a piece of glass Or othervery hard surface in suah a position that the S/W messa ge would be writtenat right angles to and over the open text (not on the clear side of the sheet).An S/N *erten was placed on top of this sheet, and on top of that was pleasedanother sheet of letter paper pf the same size as the first sheet. The 8/Wmassage eas then written in block letters on this top sheet. A fairly strongpencil pressure Should be maintained: No letters should be written closer,than cm from any edge (to permit handling without smearing) or closer than1 cm to any fold. The sheet Containing the 5/W was finally passed over a

e•—% r: 11- awl 11590Page Eight

vessel of steaming water to reduce any impreesions that had been made init despite the hard backing that had been used. Be was instructed tonumber the 0 messages consecutively in the upper right corner of thesecret text. The message was to be closed with the date and the word "and,"or its equivalent in the language used in the rest of the text. It wasfarther required that all proper nouns, euoh ae names of persons andaddreesee, be printed out twice (Jan John Brown Brown) and that di gits besimilarly repeated. In order to impress C_ awith the success of themethods and at the same time to point out to him where improvement was needed,he was shown negative photo plates of the developed messages. On these itcould be pointed out where he had pressed too muoh or too little with the penoil,whore he had come too close to the margin, etc. .Since he never got a lookat the original developed message, he has no idea 'What color the secret •letters assumed. In November or December 1955, MI was given the actualcarbons that be was to tele with him on his missions and was given theopportunity to make several tests with these, in order to convince him oftheir effectiveness. These carbons were not separate sheets, but two impreg-nated pages (pp 59 .401 159-160) in a German language mathematics book(athematik fuer Motallarbeitende Bewufes Part 1, by B. Gass.; FaehbuchveriagLeipzig). The outside of the back cover is Wooed and carries a bluish ink*pot. As a result of efforts to remove a stesp showing that the book wassold in the Soviet Union the surface of the cover was torn, and the ink wasemployed to hOde the fact that there had once been a label on that spot.

3was told that each of these carbons oou/d be used to print up tothirty messages. Efforts by =TOPAZ to develop messages printed with theseoarbons have so far been unsucoesefUl. The use of the book to serve anotherpurpose will be mentioned under oommunioations.

17. C_ .3was else trained in a method for developing Sh messagesreceived by him. Be was to burn newspapers, place the ashes in a vesseland add just enough water to form a paste. Thereafter more water was to beadded, the mixture brought to a boil, and strips of the $A sheets immersedin it until the message appeared. It was at the meeting described in para-graph 14 above that this method of transmitting communications was rejectedlm favor of receiving bits of microfilm (mot mierodete) concealed in post.wards. While this meeting was in progress an export was hastily summoned todomonetrate to C_ how he should soak the lower left-hand corner ofthe postcard (picture side up) in water, thee take a pointed matchstike andcarefully dig out the piece of film that was oonooaled there. A 25-powermagnifying glass would have euffioient strength for reading the message. A

microscope would, of course, be more satisfactory, but the poseession ofsuch An article by C was not oensidered advisable unless be hada very good cover reaeon.

18. lOnmunisattgas In the months' prior to his dispatch on amission, :C )had been 'briefed it a variety of communication Means,a number 0f-which were abandoned at the Let minute. some of these

SECREI WW1 11390Page Nine

1 11

instructions, which follow, were contained in a prepared memorandum, whichhe signed, as having understood on the ()cession of his last sojourn in Mem*.Others, such as that bearing on he receipt of miorofilm, were given orallyat that same meeting. Re was told that after a period of about six months,i.e., late July 1956, he was to send off a secret writing Message to first

one, and then, if there were no relay, to a second addreee in Lithuania.(These addresses will be forwarded in a separate dispatch). This letter was

to be sent through regular mail Channels, and to indicate as evader a Lithuanianname, and if peesible, an address 'here Lithuanians are known to reside. .Obviously the letter was to be mailed in the city *here the sender was shownto be liming. Further, the open text of the letter was to contain some Om.planation Of why the eender happened to be writing to that address.. For -

example, it should be stated that the writer had just received the name ofthe addressee, and hoped that he might be of some aid in locating a lostbrother. DUBROWIN appeared to be quite oonoerned about the possibility of .gotti g caught up in German oensership of (ma going to the Beet. As aleant for receiving oommunications, L _1 was to (establish an aocommo.dation address during the sixemonth'perlod of inactivity, and to advise theRIR of this Address in his Meet S/W communication to them. At thisaddress he would receive either an 'pen picture postcard (containing thepiece of microfilm) or a postcard inside an envelope. In either case itwoad be mailed in West Oersiasiy. Emergency instructions folleweds Shouldhe lose the be* containieg the carbons, and, therefore, be unable tooomeunioate by means of 8/W, he was to go to Berlin, and there call theEast Berlin telephone number 502142 (see FRAN 03 85), whore a "Victor"would answer.C .Ives to tell Victor that he is a relative fromNarianpol, whereupon Vioiir would reply that he wead send his wife to meethim, and request a meeting place. Victor would then appear himself, with aphotograph of .J for recognition, and approach him with the question,"Excuse me, do you know a Mr. DUBROWIN? (In Oarsman).

19. C, ...21 was also told that once an accommodation address hadbeen eetelpilened he would be sent addresses in France an4 Switserland towhich be Gould flee Should be find himself in danger. z ould thole nothave been reoeived and he *Weld find it necessary to escape, he Should godirectly to the Ooviet Oebesey in Switserlandvand ask for political asylumin the Soviet Union. Re Wie also $044 to understand that 0044 he toilto make letter coetaet with the up after 4 half a year, he would either

remote° a letter at his parents' address, or be approached in person.

20. MAI*, Deere leaving Vilnyne for Moscow in January 1955,was presented with a document Which set forth his initial mission.

was intended that he would sign this document before final departurefrom Moscow. -The main points contained therein were theses

a. Return home, look up parents, and sot personal affairs in order.

b. Assume a normal manner of living.

c. When assured that he had been accepted by his society as aFL,

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normal returnee, start visiting public plaoes and listen to conversationsto determine the present political teimper.

d. Attempt to learn of any installations where secret trainingis being conciliated.

e. Observe any constructions projects, such as airfields, with abearing on defense or war-making.

fe Note any armament fadtoriee or atomic power plants.

g. Undertake spotting of scientifically knowledgeable people whomight be approached for information.

The etatement ended with the Word "understeod.," and a place rol(.: 3signatUre. At the final conference in Mosoew, however, "en discarded thisOepared statement in favor of less detailed verbal instructions. Accordingto these 4- Thshould remain almost oompletely inactive during the firstsix months, and do nothing that would attract suspicion to him. He should,however, establish three D/D i s and one accommodation address, and make theseknown to ths RIS in his first communication to them. He should considerthe possibility of establishing a safe apartment for putting up.short termguests, but should take no active steps in accomplishing this.

20. DB3411119151

a. DUBROWIN, (fun)Apparent age 30.33Always wore civilian clothes, but often referred to as "Captain." 11,Approximately 174 cm tallStrong buildOval face, light complexionThick lips.Light blond hairSometimes wore plain or sun glasses on streetNormal dresserMarried, with wife and children living in Ifilnyus, address unknown.Had. a Ola f friendly manner.Evi404vIussian, with documents made out in the name of DUBROWIN.DUSHOW1N t s office was room 21 in the MOB Neadquartere s building(3rd floor, American). He shared this office with anotherofficial, believed to be a let Lieutenant. There was nosecretary in the room.

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b. Across the hall from Room 21 was the office of DCBROWINgschief who is described as165 cm tallCorpulentApparent as 50Totally baldRank of ColonelThis man had to sign approvals for money given ttC.

Mijer "A"Nnewn as Major RYBIKR, believed now to be Lt. Colonel:Short, well proportioned figureApparent age 45-50 yearsAlmost oompletely baldTatty personalityFamily resided in Masao', he spent part of his time from 1992,45in Yawls.Never seen in uniformApparently had some supervisory control over DUBROWIN o s work.

de "B"Lt. Colonel, name unknownApparent 40 50,-55Medium heightCorpulentGraying hairNervous, heavy smoker, chewed cigarettes •Occasionally in uniform"B" was present in the Vilnyus office whenC: _awespresented with the plan of being sent to West Germany. Re alsoappeared in Mosodw at the meetings followingC _:)returnfrom the prison camp.

e. "C" •• 175 cm tall

Apparent age 40 yearsDark (wee and hairLarge mouth, large even teethDark akin .Bread shouldersHad the manner of a fairly important official. The othersacted restralned in his presence.

f. "D" (female)Apparent age 37-38 years.

• Medium height and buildNot attractiveMedium blond hair, drawn Straight beak and worn in a roll:Always wore a light blue coat.

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g. Major "E"175 em tallLean buildApparent age 45 yearsAlways aeon in uniform, in *ich h. made a sloppy appearance.Rooked noseFond of hunting, frequently seen carrying a nttng rifle.A nett'''. of aherias Poorly eduoated.AECHAMP-21 saw "R" at the Villa on nUMOTOSe occasions. "Yr

took part in a number of the staged actions against thepartisans.

21. Circumstances have so far made it impossible for us to fully debriefor assess r -le or to establish his bona fides. If we are to believehim, he wiWired ovens a period of months between reporting his recruitment tosome competent authority or doing nothing Whatever about the matter, and: ifothers Would permit him to do so, forgetting about it. Had the invitationfrom the Air Forme not come, it is doubtful that he would have decided totell his story, although he eays that some time or other he would have

gotten around to it. At the time this invitation came, he had been hangingaround home since late January, living from veteran benefits, and eiseesrest17concerning himself very little about his future. He did, however, becomeeagaged to marry, and plans to wed around the middle of August. In theSaarlande the gOvernment has assumed considerable responsibility in rehabilitateins returnees, both in supporting them through veteran benefits for a sixmonths period, and thereafter giving them preferential consideration forpetitions in the civil service. The most likely destination for most of thereturnees is the police, since there Are no such specific requirements ofskill and experience as would be the eeee with the Finansamt or the railway.

C: :Plea already made application for a position with the pollee andexpects to be called for interview and examinations in the month of July.Sines he is free from any serious Physical disability, and in view of hisveteran status, it seems likely that be will be accepted.

22. The oiroumetances whioh have, and probably will continue to makewaling of the man deffioult, are these

a. On his initial visit to Frankfurt, two days were lost beforethe case was assumed by FOB/CART, and while interrogations were then under-taken on a daily basis, it was not considered wise to extend his absence fromhome beyond seven days, since a normal Air Force debriefing could not beexpected to last more than two or thr e days. (

b. even durine this eeeiod it was not possible to inteereeatehim for the length of time desired, since he was being handled as a voluntarysource rather than an apprehended spy, and made clear his wish to have theevenines and 3unday to bum elf. During thee* sessions he wee presented with

MFA. 11590Page Thirteen

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the idea of extending his voluntary cooperation at least to the point ofestablishing contact with the BIS through the'oommunicatiens system givenhim., and providing ue with an opportunity to monitor whatever their nextmove would be. Re agreed to this, insisting, however, on assurances thatwe would protect him in the event that the Russians ahould discover thatbe had been doubled and attempt to hare his. no also wished to be scouredthat his partioipating in such a game *meld not at some future date causehim difficulties with the Saar or German authorities.

o. Continued handling will be complicated by the fact that theSaar is a considerable distance from Frankfurt, end, until the beginning of1957, will continue to be a foreign country. So so C, is unemployedand living with his parents, he has no Plausible reason or means for frequentand lengthy *heatless from home. Dis imminent marriage will in no way diminishthis problem. If he gets a position with the police, his movements will befurther circumscribed. On the other hand., a ease officer equipped withnothing more satisfactory than a true name Special Passport is reluctant toexpo" himself eaaular into-Toole to the Saar border control, Sine* heloft Frankfurt, L.. has been met twice in the city of Kaiserslauternthe nearest point to the Saar that offers adequate operational security. Inorder that a two and one-half hour meeting be possible, he had. to be absentfrom his home for about ten hours hours which had to be accounted for atleast to a fiancee.

d, We cannot see any possibility in the near future of establishing71bona fides. ere appears at this time to be no opportunity for

i There

neauading Elm to submit to extended interrogations or to an LCPLUTTER examina-tion. And even were be willing to undergo thie f the means of aceomplishingit without involving him in frequent ana inexplicable absences from homo arenot evident.

04 The only ream= we can find forwillingness to workwith us at all is the relatively small ameent ex mon;ly that we have beenpaying out to him for his troubles. He avows no enthusiasm for the Westerncause or the Americans, and no animosity toward the Russians. He told hisstory to the Americans beoauee they were the group that the RIS had specificallymentioned as a subsequent target. He is willing to cooperate at least to theextent of sending off an S/W message to the RIS announcing that he is safe andsettled * thua implying that he is ready for further instructions. At thesame time, he does not intend to report his former and continuing BISaffiliation to the police at the time of his interview or thereafter. If,however, he is later called upon by the RIS to perform a mission against the in-terests of the Saar or "Nest German government, he will feel obliged to reportthis to his superiors, and in this connection has asked for our assurances thatthe U. S. Government will at that time be reedy to advise higher Germanauthorities officially that any acts he hes undertaken in carrying out his RISmission were performed in good faith under U. S. direction.

.,,11 If IR

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LUVA 11390Page Fourteen

- f. Because he volunteered his confession to a U. S. agency, andbecause there is no apparent motivation in his readiness to eeeterato, weare confronted with suapicitins regarding his true purposes. On the otherhand, his volunteering the sort of information oontained in BUPA 11392,and hie reporting as an emergency 'contact an East Berlin telephone numberalready known from another course to be R1801W4is turning over to us theallOged carbon Sheets, argue in favor of accepting him as honest. This iswhere we presently stand.

25. Under sopervisioql, _311111 dispatch an in S/W messageto the BIZ, disoloaing only present address and situation, and supplyingan accommodation address for future contact.

CAPPROVED'

Distribution,3 . SE2 - 00S2 - SR

18 July 1956