CAREER POINT UNIVERSITY

CAREER POINT UNIVERSITY

DHIRENDRA GOCHER(K10913) BTECH 3rd YEAR 6th sem BRANCH-MECHANICAL SUBMITTED TO - Prof. SOMESH CHATURVEDI

Speed Control of DC Motor Using Physical Modelling Blocks

DC MOTORDC motors provide excellent control of speed for acceleration and deceleration. The power supply of a DC motor connects directly to the field of the motor which allows for precise voltage control, and is necessary for speed and torque control applications. DC drives, because of their simplicity, ease of application, reliability and favourable cost have long been a backbone of industrial applications. DC drives are less complex as compared to AC drives system. DC drives are normally less expensive for low horsepower ratings. DC motors have a long tradition of being used as adjustable speed machines and a wide range of options have evolved for this purpose.

Speed control techniques in separately excited dc motor:By varying the armature voltage for below rated speed.By varying field flux should to achieve speed above the rated speed.

Different methods for speed control of DC motor:Traditionally armature voltage using Rheostatic method for low power dc motors.Use of conventional PID controllers.Neural Network Controllers.Constant power motor field weakening controller based on load-adaptive multi- input multi- output linearization technique (for high speed regimes).Single phase uniform PWM ac-dc buck-boost converter with only one switching device used for armature voltage control

LIST OF COMPONENTS

D c Voltage SourceCurrent SensorPs-simulink ConverterSolver ConfigurationResistor And InductorRotational Electromechanical ConverterRotational DamperRotational Motion SensorInertiaWheel And AxisTranslational Spring

DC VOLTAGE SOURCE

The DC Voltage Source block represents an ideal voltage source that is powerful enough to maintain specified voltage at its output regardless of the current flowing through the source. You specify the output voltage by using the Constant voltage parameter, which can be positive or negative.

CURRENT SENSOR

The Current Sensor block represents an ideal current sensor, that is a device that converts current measured in any electrical branch into a physical signal proportional to the current.Connections + and are electrical conserving ports through which the sensor is inserted into the circuit.

PS-SIMULINK CONVERTER

The PS-Simulink Converter block converts a physical signal into a Simulink output signal. Use this block to connect outputs of a Physical Network diagram to Simulink scopes or other Simulink blocks.

SOLVER CONFIGURATION :

Each physical network represented by a connected Simscape block diagram requires solver settings information for simulation. The Solver Configuration block specifies the solver parameters that your model needs before you can begin simulation.

RESISTOR AND INDUCTOR :

Connections + and are conserving electrical ports corresponding to the positive and negative terminals of the resistor, respectively. Byconvention, the voltage across the resistor is given by V(+) V(), and the sign of the current is positive when flowing through the device from the positive to the negative terminal.

ROTATIONAL ELECTROMECHANICAL CONVERTER : The Rotational Electromechanical Converter block provides an interface between the electrical and mechanical rotational domains. It converts electrical energy into mechanical energy in the form of rotational motion, and vice versa.

ROTATIONAL DAMPER :

The Rotational Damper block represents an ideal mechanical rotational viscous.

ROTATIONAL MOTION SENSOR :

The Ideal Rotational Motion Sensor block represents an ideal mechanical rotational motion sensor, that is a device that converts an across variable measured between two mechanical rotational nodes into a control signal proportional to angular velocity or angle.

INERTIA : The Inertia block represents an ideal mechanical rotational inertia. The block has one mechanical rotational conserving port. The block positive direction is from its port to the reference point. This means that the inertia torque is positive if inertia is accelerated in positive direction.

WHEEL AND AXIS

The wheel and the axle have the same axis, and the axis is assumed to be rigidly connected to the frame, thus making this mechanism an ideal converter of mechanical rotational into mechanical translational motion. The mechanism has two connections: a mechanical rotational port A, which corresponds to the axle, and a mechanical translational port P, which corresponds to the wheel periphery.

TRANSLATIONAL SPRING

The Translational Spring block represents an ideal mechanical linear spring. The block positive direction is from port R to port C. This means that the force is positive if it acts in the direction from R to C. Initial angular velocity of the inertia. This parameter specifies the initial condition for use in computing the block's initial state at the beginning of a simulation .

CIRCUITDIAGRAMANDITSWORKING

The Ideal Rotational Motion Sensor block represents a device that measures the difference in angular position and angular velocity between two nodes. In this case, we employ the block to measure the position and velocity of the motor shaft as compared to a fixed reference represented by the Mechanical Rotational Reference block.The Current Sensor block represents another sensor, specifically it measures the current drawn by the motor. The ground for the electrical portion of our system is defined by the Electrical Reference block. The Controlled Voltage Source block serves as the power source for the motor where you can externally define the voltage signal by connecting an input to the block.The PS-Simulink blocks convert physical signals to Simulink output signals, while the Simulink-PS block conversely converts a Simulink input signal to a physical signal. These blocks can be employed to convert the Simscape signals which represent physical quantities with units to Simulink signals.

GRAPH

CONCLUSION

The current of a dc motor has been successfully controlled by using mechanical rotational elements and translational and rotational elements control the speed and position of motor by using rotational motion sensor. A DC motor specification is taken and corresponding parameters are found out from derived design approach. The simulation results under varying reference speed and varying load are also studied and analyzed. The model shows good results under all conditions employed during simulation.

REFERENCES

https://pvpmc.sandia.gov/modeling-steps/2-dc-module-iv/diode-equivalent-circuit-models/http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.395.9087 rep=rep1&type/http://in.mathworks.com/help/physmod/elec/ref/solarcell.htmlhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S20909977140001 82

THANK YOU